外研版（2019）必修 第一册Unit 4 Friends foreverA卷 基础夯实（含答案）
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| 更新时间 | 2023-09-19 14:32:06 | ||
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Unit 4 Friends forever A卷 基础夯实—2023-2024学年高一英语外研版（2019）必修第一册单元达标测试卷
考试时间：90分钟
满分：120分
第一部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
I can still remember the first day when I met my best friend. She had just moved to the neighborhood and her grandmother brought her down to meet me. I hid behind my mother and she hid behind her grandmother, scared of looking at each other.
Soon, we lost the shyness and started playing with each other, riding bikes to each other's house and having sleepovers. In 7th grade she was going through family problems. However, every summer we would sit at each other's house, watch movies on TV and talk about all the boys we liked.
It was last year that I noticed the problem. She suffered from clinical depression (临床抑郁症), and had to go to a hospital during the day. I was very sorry for her at first. But with the late night calls and meeting each other halfway up the street at midnight, we still stayed in touch. I wanted to be there for her since her new best friend left her, and I knew I still cared about her like a sister.
Yesterday she came to me and said, "I never knew what a best friend was until you were the only person that would stop me from cutting myself and that ever made me feel better about myself and my problems. You didn't know this but I was trying to kill myself that very night you called me and I was crying. I owe you so much, and you didn't even know you were helping me."
We both cried. And I guess a kind of lesson from my life so far is to never give up your friends. Even if they aren't as cool as others, or people think they are crazy, they need someone there. If you leave them, you will only be very sorry. So if your friends need you, and you care about them, you should be always there for them.
1. Why did the two girls hide behind their family members when they first met
A. Because they were playing a game.
B. Because they didn't like each other.
C. Because they quarreled before.
D. Because they were both shy.
2. What would have happened to her friend if the author had not cared about her
A. She would have lost her new best friend.
B. She would have killed herself that night.
C. She would have run away from her family.
D. She would have stayed in hospital for a long time.
3. What lesson can we learn from the story
A. Always care about your friends.
B. Don't care about others' opinions.
C. Never owe your friends too much.
D. Try to be as cool as others.
B
Who needs friends According to most psychologists (心理学家), we all do, especially nowadays when so many other aspects of modern life are changing. It seems that having friends keeps us both healthy and happy.
The number of TV series about groups of friends shows just how important friendships are to us. Psychologist Dorothy Rowe says that many of us now turn to our friends, instead of our families, for advice, comfort and security. One woman named Rebecca she interviewed even told her that if she had to choose between her husband and her friend, she would choose her friend.
Since our friends mean so much to us, it is not surprising that the happiest marriages are also friendships. "Once the romantic stage of a relationship has passed, it is the friendship that holds people together," says Rowe. If the couple do not make any changes, they will either get tired of each other and break up or stay together but seek friendships with others.
But is the friendship equally important to women and men According to author Rhonda Pritchard, women are more likely than men to have close friends. "You tell your friend things that you'd never tell your partner," says one woman she interviewed. For men, friendships are usually based on doing things together rather than the private conversations that are typical of women friends. Men share time and activities like building a fence, starting a business, running, riding a bike, fishing or watching football matches, but they don't often share their feelings.
Although many women find their relationship with the husband or boyfriend is not enough, many men say that their partner is their best friend. Even women who are very happily married are likely to become very unhappy without a close friend and can even find the breakup of a close relationship as painful as the end of a marriage.
Lasting friendships can provide a lot of the same support that families provided in the past, but the perfect situation is to have your family there for you as well. Friendships and family relationships can both change, but a friend will not consider you when making really important decisions in the same way that a family member will.
1. What did Rebecca think about friendships
A. Her friend means more to her than her husband.
B. Families are reliable forever.
C. One needn't have too many friends.
D. Friends are as important as families.
2. Some couples look for friends outside their relationships because _____.
A. they are encouraged by their partner
B. they are not fairly treated by their partner
C. they think their friends are more romantic
D. they don't get what they need from their partner
3. What is the main difference between men's and women's friendships
A. Women often do things together.
B. Women often talk about business with friends.
C. Men seldom talk about their feelings.
D. Men often talk to their friends about work and families.
4. When a friendship ends, some women may_____.
A. share feelings with their partner
B. feel as upset as when a marriage ends
C. treat their partner as a friend
D. turn to their husband for comfort
C
Thirteen-year-old Kaylee has a lot of friends—532, actually, if you count up her online friends. And she spends a lot of time with them.
But is it possible that Kaylee's online friendships could be making her lonely That's what some experts believe. Connecting online is a great way to stay in touch, they say. However, some experts worry that many kids are so busy connecting online that they might be missing out on true friendships.
Could this be true During your parents' childhoods, connecting with friends usually meant spending time with them in the flesh. Kids played Scrabble around a table, not Words With Friends on their phones. When friends missed each other, they picked up the telephone. Friends might even write letters to each other.
Today, most communication takes place online. A typical teen sends 2,000 texts a month and spends more than 44 hours per week in front of a screen. Much of this time is spent on social media platforms(平台).
In fact, in many ways, online communication can make friendships stronger. "There's definitely a positive influence. Kids can stay in constant contact, which means they can share more of their feelings with each other," says Katie Davis, co-author of The App Generation.
Other experts, however, warn that too much online communication can get in the way of forming deep friendships. "If we are constantly paying attention to our virtual world, we will have little time for our real-world friendships," says Larry Rosen, a professor at California State University. Rosen also worries that today's kids might mistake the "friends" on social media for true friends in life. However, in tough times, you don't need someone to like your picture or share your blogs. You need someone who will keep your secrets and hold your hand. You would like to talk face to face.
1. What is the purpose of the first paragraph
A. To summarize the text. B. To tell about true friends.
C. To bring up a discussion. D. To encourage online friendships.
2. What does the underlined part "in the flesh" mean in Paragraph 3
A. In person. B. In advance.
C. In any case. D. In full measure.
3. What is Katie's attitude towards online communication
A. Worried. B. Positive. C. Confused. D. Unconcerned.
4. What view does Rosen hold
A. It's wise to turn to friends online.
B. It's easier to develop friendships in reality.
C. Social media help people stay closely connected.
D. Teenagers need focus on real-world friendships.
D
When I first met George, I was in my early 30s. My children were just entering school life, enabling me to escape from endless housework. At 65, George had recently retired and was seeking a rewarding hobby for his golden years. We met at a local painting class. Thus began a friendship that was to last for 25 years—until the day he died.
George was an energetic man who lived life to the full. He loved his family and his friends. As the only male in a painting class full of women, George looked after every woman with the same attention. George took to painting with an inspiring level of passion, even changing the spare bedroom of his home into a studio. George housed many of painting items in a tool box—a red metal tool box. For about six years George and I studied together until the completion of the course.
One day, he rang me and I went to visit him. He was very ill. “Betty!” he said, “I've always been hoping to leave my box to you. I'm afraid I can't paint anymore, and you have the best talent and are most likely to use it.” With tears in my eyes, I accepted the gift with the proviso(附带条件) that he could take it back at any time. He never did. He died two days later.
I still use much of his equipment today. As I paint, I often remember George, his big personality, generosity and unfailing encouragement. The most treasured item is the red tool box, still in good shape. The original shop sticker is still firmly in place although the price has worn off. But that's all right because to my mind some things, like friendship, are beyond price.
1. Why did George go to the painting class
A. He wanted to please his children.
B. He wanted to enjoy school life again.
C. He wanted to make new friends there.
D. He wanted to develop a worthwhile hobby.
2. Which word can describe George according to Paragraph 2
A. Humorous. B. Brave. C. Caring. D. Anxious.
3. Why did George call the author
A. To admit his own failure. B. To present his painting tools.
C. To ask the author a favor. D. To make an explanation.
4. What is the best title of this passage
A. A Lesson from My Old Friend
B. Inspiration for Art from My Partner
C. Nice George: An Artist with Great Passion
D. A Red Tool Box: A Bond Between Two Friends
第二节 （共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
How to mend a broken friendship It may be hard, but fixing a broken friendship will enable it to be even stronger than before. Here are some tips that will be useful.
Be the one to reach out hands before the other.
①_____ Let it be you this time. It will prove that you want to be friends again. Think about how you can reach them. Maybe you need to try a few different ways to get in touch.
②_____
If your friends refuse to see or speak with you, or visiting them in person isn't an option, you may need to keep a distance from them. Your friends want space and that should be respected. Use the time to reflect on the situation and prepare what you want to say.
Talk about the problem honestly and openly.
Explain how you feel about the problem and be honest about it. Then ask your friends to do the same. Let them talk for as long as they need to. Really listen and don't interrupt them. ③_____
Apologize to them and accept their apology.
Even if you believe the situation is their fault, opening with an apology sets the tone. You could say, "I'm really sorry things have got to this point. I want things to be better between us." If you did wrong in some ways, apologize to them sincerely. ④_____
Avoid restarting an argument.
It's important that you don't say or do anything hurtful during this conversation. ⑤_____ So do your best to keep things peaceful. If things get heated, don't allow them to escalate(不断恶化).
A.Let go of your anger or frustration.
B.Respect your friend's need for space.
C.If they apologize to you, accept their apology.
D.Come up with a plan for rebuilding the friendship.
E.Argument will only further damage the friendship and make things worse.
F.If you aren't talking to each other, someone will have to make the first move.
G.This way you both get to tell your side of the story and lay everything on the table.
第二部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Once upon a time, friendship was easy. I miss how spending time together used to be as simple as walking across the hall or picking up the 1 to say, "I've got wine, and I'm coming over." I miss the way we could laugh and cry or talk about nothing for hours because we had 2 to go and nothing to do. And 3 we did, and whatever it was, laughing, crying, or talking was much more important anyway.
These days, friendship feels much 4 . Instead of walking across the hall with a bowl of cookies, we need to 5 for hours or board a plane to get together. Family responsibilities and work obligations(职责) leave us with 6 minutes, and when we collapse(瘫倒) on bed at night, we can barely gather the 7 to wash off our makeup, 8 carry on a phone conversation. Days and weeks have gone by and we communicate only by 9 or Facebook updates, and by the time we do get together, there is so much to say that we even don't know where to start.
I want a handful of real, true, and 10 friendship—not flocks of fake friends and casual acquaintances(熟人). I want to make sure that we'll be friends whether we 11 within 10 minutes' walk or a thousand miles away from each other. I want to make sure that we'll be friends whether it's as simple as walking across the street or as 12 as planning a girls' weekend together. I want friends who are there not just when it's easy, but when it's hard.
True friendship isn't about being 13 ; it's about loyalty and trust and the ability to be who we are with each other. True friendship has no limitation of time, 14 or differences. True friends know us inside out. They know our 15 , so they better understand our present situation and will continue to be part of our future.
1. A. phone B. bottle C. friendship D. topic
2. A. places B. nowhere C. ways D. anywhere
3. A. unless B. since C. even if D. as if
4. A. more important B. closer C. more efficient D. harder
5. A. jog B. drive C. wait D. prepare
6. A. few B. more C. last D. other
7. A. courage B. speed C. energy D. thought
8. A. no wonder B. in case C. let go of D. let alone
9. A. applications B. halls C. homes D. texts
10. A. honest B. unreliable C. solid D. virtual
11. A. respond B. live C. talk D. part
12. A. challenging B. cheerful C. considerate D. expectant
13. A. easy B. generous C. troublesome D. tiring
14. A. space B. distance C. similarities D. privacy
15. A. heart B. personality C. past D. status
第二节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Advances in technology have changed the way we make friends ①_____(significant). Now moving to a new town doesn't mean ②_____(lose) track of our friends, because social media tools let us see ③_____ our friends are up to. And we can make new friends online. However, will a "new friend" become a real friend It ④_____(depend).
If people always exchange true ⑤_____(person) information online, these friendships can be real and meaningful. But we need to keep in mind that what we see on social media is often not the whole ⑥_____(true) about a person. Usually they tend ⑦_____(post) only positive updates. To make them appear happy and friendly, they even tell lies. The person ⑧_____ tells lies is more likely to cheat you. But this doesn't mean we should throw the baby with ⑨_____ bathwater. Although the way we acquire friends has been changed by the Internet, the meaning of friendship and our longing ⑩_____ friends remain the same.
第三部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节 （满分15分）
假定你是李华,你收到英国笔友Alex的来信,他想与你交流一个好朋友应该具备哪些优秀品质。请根据以下要点给他回一封邮件:
1.写信目的;
2.你的观点和理由;
3.询问对方的看法。
注意:
1.词数80左右;
2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
Dear Alex,
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
第二节 （满分25分）
阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。
Robert and Henry were two friends in the same class. They always played together and went home together. One day, Robert and Henry were going home from school. On turning a comer, Robert cried out, "A fight! Let's go and see!"
"No," said Henry. "Let us go home quietly and not meddle with (管闲事) this quarrel. We have nothing to do with it and may get into trouble. Also our parents are expecting to have dinner with us together and I don't want them to worry about me."
"You are a coward(懦夫), and afraid to go," said Robert, and off he ran. Henry went straight home, and went to school as usual in the afternoon.
But Robert had told all the boys that Henry was a coward, and they laughed at him a great deal. From then on, they looked down upon Henry and didn't want to play with him together.
Henry was sad but he wasn't angry with Robert for his rude behavior, because he knew that they misunderstood him, and that they ought to be afraid of nothing but doing wrong. Thus, he just ignored the other boys' laughter and continued to go to school and study as well. However, Robert didn't invite Henry to go home together with him anymore. Instead, he had some other boys who also thought Henry was a coward. Every day after school, they didn't go home directly but went to the river or somewhere to play games and had a lot of fun.
A few days later, Robert was bathing with his new friends in a river, and got out of his depth. He struggled and cried for help, but he failed. The boys who had called Henry a coward got out of the water as fast as they could, and they did nothing to help Robert.
注意:续写词数应为150左右。
Paragraph 1:
It seemed as if Robert would be dying.
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2:
Thus, Robert's life was saved.
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
答案以及解析
第一部分 阅读理解
第一节
A
答案：DBA
解析：1.细节理解题.根据文章第一段中的 I hid behind my mother and she hid behind her grandmother, scared of looking at each other. 和第二段中的 Soon, we lost the shyness and started playing with each other, riding bikes to each other's house and having sleepovers. 可知,这两个女孩第一次见面时都很害羞.
2.推理判断题.根据文章第四段中的 You didn't know this but I was trying to kill myself that very night you called me and I was crying. 可知,如果作者没打电话表示关心,朋友就会自杀.
3.推理判断题.根据本文最后一段中的 And I guess a kind of lesson from my life so far is to never give up your friends. 和 So if your friends need you, and you care about them, you should be always there for them. 可知,我们永远都不要放弃朋友,如果朋友需要,要永远和朋友在一起。
B
答案：ADCB
解析：1.推理判断题.根据文章第二段中的 One woman named Rebecca she interviewed even told her that if she had to choose between her husband and her friend, she would choose her friend. 可知, Rebecca 认为朋友比丈夫重要.
2.推理判断题.根据文章第三段中的 If the couple do not make any changes, they will either get tired of each other but break up or stay together but seek friendships with others. 可知,一些夫妇寻求与他人的友谊是因为在伴侣那儿得不到需要的东西.
3.细节理解题.根据文章第四段中的 but they don't often share their feelings 可知,男人的友谊与女人的友谊的区别在于男人不会分享自己的情感.
4.细节理解题.根据文章第五段中的 Even women who are very happily married are likely to become very unhappy without a close friend and can even find the breakup of a close relationship as painful as the end of a marriage. 可知,即使是非常幸福的已婚女性也会在没有亲密朋友的情况下变得非常不快乐,甚至会发现一段亲密的朋友关系的破裂和婚姻的结束一样痛苦.。
C
答案：CABD
解析：1.推理判断题。根据第一段可知，13岁的Kaylee有很多朋友，实际上前提是如果你把她的网上的好友都算上的话。并且她会花很多时间和他们在一起。因此第一段阐述了一种社会现象，目的是提出一个话题，从而引出下文对于这个话题的讨论，故选C项。
2.词义猜测题。根据画线部分前During your parents' childhoods...和画线部分后Kids played Scrabble around a table， not Words With Friends on their phones.可推知，在你父母的童年时期，与朋友相处通常意味着亲自花时间与他们在一起。孩子们围着桌子玩拼字游戏，而不是在手机上玩Words With Friends。由此可以推断出，画线部分in the flesh意为“亲自”，故选A项。B项“提前”、C项“不管怎样，无论如何”和D项“最大程度地”均不符合题意。
3.观点态度题。根据第五段中In fact, in many ways...with each other可知，事实上，在很多方面，在线交流可以使朋友关系更加牢固，这绝对有积极的影响。孩子们可以经常保持联系，这意味着他们可以彼此分享更多他们的感受。因此， Katie对在网上交流持乐观态度。worded担忧的；positive积极的;confused困惑的;unconcerned不关心的。故选B。
4.细节理解题。根据最后一段中If we are constantly paying attention to our virtual world, we will have little time for our real-world friendships(如果我们不断关注我们的虚拟世界，我们将几乎没有时间留给现实世界的友谊。）及Rosen also worries...talk face to face.(Rosen还担心，现在的孩子可能会把社交媒体上的“朋友”误认为是生活中真正的朋友。然而，在困难时期，你不需要有人喜欢你的照片或分享你的博客。你需要一个能保守你的秘密并能帮你一把的人。你想面对面谈谈。）因此， Rosen认为青少年需要关注现实世界的友谊，故选D项。A项“向网上的朋友寻求帮助是明智的。”、B项“在现实中发展友谊更容易。”和C项“社交媒体帮助人们保持密切联系。”均不符合题意。
D
答案：DCBD
1.答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中“At 65, George had recently retired and was seeking a rewarding hobby for his golden years.”可知,乔治来绘画班是为了培养一个值得做的爱好。D项中的worthwhile与文中的rewarding为同义词。故选D。
2.答案：C
解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中“He loved his family and his friends.”及“George looked after every woman with the same attention”可知,乔治爱家人、朋友,给予每一位女士同样的关心,因此他是体贴人的。humorous幽默的;brave勇敢的;caring体贴人的;anxious焦虑的。故选C。
3.答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中乔治说的话“I've always been hoping to leave my box to you. I'm afraid I can't paint anymore, and you have the best talent and are most likely to use it(我一直希望把我的箱子留给你。我恐怕不能再画画了,你有最好的天赋,最有可能使用它)”可知,乔治打电话是为了把他的绘画工具赠予作者。故选B。
4.答案：D
解析：主旨大意题。通读全文可知,本文讲述了作者在绘画班认识了退休之后来学画画的乔治,他们成了忘年交。乔治去世前把自己一整套心爱的绘画工具送给作者,如今每当作者看到那个装工具的红色箱子都会想起乔治。再结合最后一段中“The most treasured item is the red tool box...are beyond price.(最珍贵的物品是那个红色的工具箱,仍然完好无损。原来的商店贴纸仍然牢牢地贴在那里,尽管价格早已磨损。但那没关系,因为在我看来,有些东西是无价的,比如友谊。)”可知,红色的工具箱是作者和乔治友谊的象征和纽带,故D项“红色工具箱:两个朋友之间的纽带”为本文的最佳标题。
第二节
答案：①-⑤ FBGCE
解析：①细节句。根据本段小标题“Be the one to reach out hands before the other.”可知,本段建议要在对方之前伸出友谊之手。F项“如果你们互相不说话,则必须有人迈出第一步。”符合段意,且和下文“Let it be you this time.”衔接顺畅。
②主旨句。本空为段落小标题。根据本段中“If your friends refuse to see or speak with you... Your friends want space and that should be respected.”可知,本段建议在朋友不想交流时,要给对方想要的空间。B项“尊重朋友对空间的需要。”符合段意。
③细节句。根据本段小标题“Talk about the problem honestly and openly.”可知,本段建议开诚布公地谈论这个问题。根据上文“Let them talk for as long as they need to. Really listen and don't interrupt them.(让他们想聊多久就聊多久。真正倾听,不要打断他们。)”可知,G项“通过这种方式,你们双方可以讲述自己的故事,并把所有事情都摆在桌面上。”承接上文,符合文意。
④细节句。根据本段小标题“Apologize to them and accept their apology.(向他们道歉并接受他们的道歉。)”和上文“If you did wrong in some ways, apologize to them sincerely.(如果你在某些方面做错了,请真诚地向他们道歉。)”可知,设空处的内容要与接受别人的道歉相关。C项“如果他们向你道歉,接受他们的道歉。”符合语境。
⑤细节句。根据本段小标题“Avoid restarting an argument.”可知,本段建议避免重新引发争论。根据上文“It's important that you don't say or do anything hurtful during this conversation.(在这次谈话中不要说或做任何伤害性的事情,这一点很重要)”及下文“So do your best to keep things peaceful.(所以尽你所能保持和平。)”可知,E项“争吵只会进一步损害友谊,使事情变得更糟。”符合段意,承接上下文文意。
第二部分 语言知识运用
第一节
答案：CACDB 6-10 ACBBC 11-15 ABCDB
1.答案：A
解析：“我”怀念过去和朋友一起度过时光的方式简单得像穿过走廊,或者拿起电话(phone)说:“我有酒,我这就过来。”根据下文中的“to say...”可知这里应指拿起电话(picking up the phone)。故选A。
2.答案：B
解析：“我”想念那样的状态,“我们”可以哭和笑,或者聊无关紧要的事一连聊上几个小时,因为“我们”无处(nowhere)可去,也无事可做。由“_____ to go”和“nothing to do”的并列关系可知选B。
3.答案：C
解析：即便(even if)“我们”有处可去,有事可做,不管“我们”在做什么,笑、哭或者聊天无论如何都重要得多。此处重点是理清did指代什么,由上文可知,did相当于had somewhere to go and something to do,再根据上下文逻辑关系可知选C。
4.答案：D
解析：如今,友谊让人觉得艰难(harder)得多了。由上段首句“...friendship was easy.”和下文描述的朋友相聚的困难可知,作者认为友谊在过去很容易维系,但如今变得艰难,故选D。
5.答案：B
解析：“我们”不是带着一碗饼干穿过走廊,而是需要开车(drive)数小时或者乘飞机去相聚。由本句中“walking”和“board a plane”可知,这里在叙述和朋友团聚的交通方式,而设空处和“乘坐飞机”在麻烦程度上是并列的,故选B。
6.答案：A
解析：要承担家庭和工作的双重责任,一天中最后剩下的时间没有几分钟。根据本段的主题(维系友谊变得艰难)可知,生活和工作的压力使留给自己的时间缩短。故选A。
7.答案：C
解析：当“我们”夜里累到瘫在床上的时候,“我们”几乎连卸妆的精力(energy)都没有,更不用说跟朋友打电话聊天了。故选C。
8.答案：D
解析：“我们”几乎没有精力洗掉妆容,更不用说(let alone)打电话聊天了。上下文属于递进的逻辑关系,故选D。no wonder意为“难怪”,in case意为“以防万一”,let go of意为“放弃”,均与文意不符,故排除。
9.答案：D
解析：日子一天天、一周周地过去了,“我们”只通过短信(texts)和脸书更新的信息交流,而当“我们”真正聚在一起的时候,有太多话要说,以至于“我们”甚至不知道从何谈起。这里所填词和后面的“Facebook updates”并列,故选D。
10.答案：C
解析：“我”想要几段真实的、真正的、可靠的(solid)友谊,而不是一大群假朋友和泛泛之交。根据该空和real、true的并列关系以及fake和casual的反义关系进行选择,故选C。solid表示“可靠的”。
11.答案：B
解析：“我”想确信,无论“我们”与彼此居住(live)在步行10分钟以内的距离还是一千英里以外,“我们”都是朋友。故选B。由第二段开头讲的和朋友相聚需要开车几个小时或乘飞机可知,这里指朋友间住的距离的远近。
12.答案：A
解析：“我”想确信,无论是像过马路这样简单的事情,还是像一起计划一个女孩们的周末这样具有挑战性的(challenging)事情,“我们”都是朋友。根据该空和上文simple的反义关系进行选择,故选A。
13.答案：A
解析：真正的友谊不必简单(easy);它是忠诚和信任,以及彼此相处时保持自我的能力。文章开始作者虽然表达了对过去简单友谊的怀念,但由上一段最后一句“I want friends who are there not just when it's easy, but when it's hard.”可知,作者其实并不是觉得简单的友谊一定好,艰难的友谊一定不好。故选A。
14.答案：B
解析：真正的友谊没有时间、距离(distance)和差异的限制。由上文提到的“...whether we live within 10 minutes' walk or a thousand miles away from each other.”可知,作者叙述了对于“距离”的看法,故选B。
15.答案：C
解析：他们了解“我们”的过去(past),因此他们会更好地了解“我们”现在的情况,并将继续成为“我们”未来的一部分。根据下文的present、future可知选C。
第二节
答案：①significantly ②losing ③what ④depends ⑤personal ⑥truth ⑦to post ⑧who/that ⑨the ⑩for
解析：①考查副词。句意: 技术进步已经明显地改变了我们的交友方式。设空处修饰谓语动词have changed, 故填significantly。
②考查非谓语动词。句意: 现在搬到一个新的城镇并不意味着与我们的朋友们失去联系。mean doing sth.意味着......, 故填losing。
③考查宾语从句。设空处引导宾语从句并在从句中作宾语, 表示"什么", 故填what。
④考查一般现在时。设空前是主语It, 动词应该用第三人称单数形式, 故填depends。
⑤考查形容词。句意: 如果人们总是在网上交换真实的个人信息, 这些友谊可能是真实且有意义的。空后是名词information, 修饰名词要用形容词, 故填personal。
⑥考查名词。句意: 但是我们需要记住, 我们在社交媒体上看到的往往不是关于一个人的全部真相。空前是定冠词the和形容词whole, 后面需接名词, 故填truth。
⑦考查动词不定式。句意: 通常他们只倾向于发布积极的消息。tend to do sth.倾向于做某事。
⑧考查关系代词。句意: 说谎的人更可能欺骗你。设空前是先行词The person, 关系代词在从句中作主语, 故填who/that。
⑨考查固定用法。句意: 但是这并不意味着我们应该不分良莠一起拋弃。throw the baby with the bathwater不分良莠一起抛弃。故填the。
⑩考查介词。句意: 尽管因特网已经改变了我们交友的方式, 但是友谊的意义和我们对朋友的渴望仍然是不变的。one's longing for sth.某人对某物的渴望。
第三节
答案：
Dear Alex,
I'm glad to receive your letter. When it comes to the fine qualities that a good friend should have, I'd like to express my opinion.
First of all, a good friend should be honest, which is the most important. Honesty is where good friendship starts. Secondly, a good friend should respect others, including their space and personal items. What's more, he or she must learn to forgive others. After all, anyone can make mistakes.
Would you like to share your idea about this topic I'm looking forward to hearing from you.
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
第二节
Paragraph 1:
It seemed as if Robert would be dying. Just at that moment, Henry happened to be passing by. Hearing the screams, Henry ran to the riverside, threw off his clothes and jumped into the water without hesitation. He reached Robert just as he was sinking the last time. By great effort, and with much danger to himself, he brought Robert to the shore.
Paragraph 2:
Thus, Robert's life was saved. Robert and his new friends were ashamed of having called Henry a coward. They realized that Henry had true courage. They said sorry to Henry for their rude behavior and asked for his forgiveness. Henry forgave them happily. He and Robert were friends again and they went home together as usual. From this, Robert learned what true courage was—never be afraid to do good, but always fear to do evil.
2
考试时间：90分钟
满分：120分
第一部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
I can still remember the first day when I met my best friend. She had just moved to the neighborhood and her grandmother brought her down to meet me. I hid behind my mother and she hid behind her grandmother, scared of looking at each other.
Soon, we lost the shyness and started playing with each other, riding bikes to each other's house and having sleepovers. In 7th grade she was going through family problems. However, every summer we would sit at each other's house, watch movies on TV and talk about all the boys we liked.
It was last year that I noticed the problem. She suffered from clinical depression (临床抑郁症), and had to go to a hospital during the day. I was very sorry for her at first. But with the late night calls and meeting each other halfway up the street at midnight, we still stayed in touch. I wanted to be there for her since her new best friend left her, and I knew I still cared about her like a sister.
Yesterday she came to me and said, "I never knew what a best friend was until you were the only person that would stop me from cutting myself and that ever made me feel better about myself and my problems. You didn't know this but I was trying to kill myself that very night you called me and I was crying. I owe you so much, and you didn't even know you were helping me."
We both cried. And I guess a kind of lesson from my life so far is to never give up your friends. Even if they aren't as cool as others, or people think they are crazy, they need someone there. If you leave them, you will only be very sorry. So if your friends need you, and you care about them, you should be always there for them.
1. Why did the two girls hide behind their family members when they first met
A. Because they were playing a game.
B. Because they didn't like each other.
C. Because they quarreled before.
D. Because they were both shy.
2. What would have happened to her friend if the author had not cared about her
A. She would have lost her new best friend.
B. She would have killed herself that night.
C. She would have run away from her family.
D. She would have stayed in hospital for a long time.
3. What lesson can we learn from the story
A. Always care about your friends.
B. Don't care about others' opinions.
C. Never owe your friends too much.
D. Try to be as cool as others.
B
Who needs friends According to most psychologists (心理学家), we all do, especially nowadays when so many other aspects of modern life are changing. It seems that having friends keeps us both healthy and happy.
The number of TV series about groups of friends shows just how important friendships are to us. Psychologist Dorothy Rowe says that many of us now turn to our friends, instead of our families, for advice, comfort and security. One woman named Rebecca she interviewed even told her that if she had to choose between her husband and her friend, she would choose her friend.
Since our friends mean so much to us, it is not surprising that the happiest marriages are also friendships. "Once the romantic stage of a relationship has passed, it is the friendship that holds people together," says Rowe. If the couple do not make any changes, they will either get tired of each other and break up or stay together but seek friendships with others.
But is the friendship equally important to women and men According to author Rhonda Pritchard, women are more likely than men to have close friends. "You tell your friend things that you'd never tell your partner," says one woman she interviewed. For men, friendships are usually based on doing things together rather than the private conversations that are typical of women friends. Men share time and activities like building a fence, starting a business, running, riding a bike, fishing or watching football matches, but they don't often share their feelings.
Although many women find their relationship with the husband or boyfriend is not enough, many men say that their partner is their best friend. Even women who are very happily married are likely to become very unhappy without a close friend and can even find the breakup of a close relationship as painful as the end of a marriage.
Lasting friendships can provide a lot of the same support that families provided in the past, but the perfect situation is to have your family there for you as well. Friendships and family relationships can both change, but a friend will not consider you when making really important decisions in the same way that a family member will.
1. What did Rebecca think about friendships
A. Her friend means more to her than her husband.
B. Families are reliable forever.
C. One needn't have too many friends.
D. Friends are as important as families.
2. Some couples look for friends outside their relationships because _____.
A. they are encouraged by their partner
B. they are not fairly treated by their partner
C. they think their friends are more romantic
D. they don't get what they need from their partner
3. What is the main difference between men's and women's friendships
A. Women often do things together.
B. Women often talk about business with friends.
C. Men seldom talk about their feelings.
D. Men often talk to their friends about work and families.
4. When a friendship ends, some women may_____.
A. share feelings with their partner
B. feel as upset as when a marriage ends
C. treat their partner as a friend
D. turn to their husband for comfort
C
Thirteen-year-old Kaylee has a lot of friends—532, actually, if you count up her online friends. And she spends a lot of time with them.
But is it possible that Kaylee's online friendships could be making her lonely That's what some experts believe. Connecting online is a great way to stay in touch, they say. However, some experts worry that many kids are so busy connecting online that they might be missing out on true friendships.
Could this be true During your parents' childhoods, connecting with friends usually meant spending time with them in the flesh. Kids played Scrabble around a table, not Words With Friends on their phones. When friends missed each other, they picked up the telephone. Friends might even write letters to each other.
Today, most communication takes place online. A typical teen sends 2,000 texts a month and spends more than 44 hours per week in front of a screen. Much of this time is spent on social media platforms(平台).
In fact, in many ways, online communication can make friendships stronger. "There's definitely a positive influence. Kids can stay in constant contact, which means they can share more of their feelings with each other," says Katie Davis, co-author of The App Generation.
Other experts, however, warn that too much online communication can get in the way of forming deep friendships. "If we are constantly paying attention to our virtual world, we will have little time for our real-world friendships," says Larry Rosen, a professor at California State University. Rosen also worries that today's kids might mistake the "friends" on social media for true friends in life. However, in tough times, you don't need someone to like your picture or share your blogs. You need someone who will keep your secrets and hold your hand. You would like to talk face to face.
1. What is the purpose of the first paragraph
A. To summarize the text. B. To tell about true friends.
C. To bring up a discussion. D. To encourage online friendships.
2. What does the underlined part "in the flesh" mean in Paragraph 3
A. In person. B. In advance.
C. In any case. D. In full measure.
3. What is Katie's attitude towards online communication
A. Worried. B. Positive. C. Confused. D. Unconcerned.
4. What view does Rosen hold
A. It's wise to turn to friends online.
B. It's easier to develop friendships in reality.
C. Social media help people stay closely connected.
D. Teenagers need focus on real-world friendships.
D
When I first met George, I was in my early 30s. My children were just entering school life, enabling me to escape from endless housework. At 65, George had recently retired and was seeking a rewarding hobby for his golden years. We met at a local painting class. Thus began a friendship that was to last for 25 years—until the day he died.
George was an energetic man who lived life to the full. He loved his family and his friends. As the only male in a painting class full of women, George looked after every woman with the same attention. George took to painting with an inspiring level of passion, even changing the spare bedroom of his home into a studio. George housed many of painting items in a tool box—a red metal tool box. For about six years George and I studied together until the completion of the course.
One day, he rang me and I went to visit him. He was very ill. “Betty!” he said, “I've always been hoping to leave my box to you. I'm afraid I can't paint anymore, and you have the best talent and are most likely to use it.” With tears in my eyes, I accepted the gift with the proviso(附带条件) that he could take it back at any time. He never did. He died two days later.
I still use much of his equipment today. As I paint, I often remember George, his big personality, generosity and unfailing encouragement. The most treasured item is the red tool box, still in good shape. The original shop sticker is still firmly in place although the price has worn off. But that's all right because to my mind some things, like friendship, are beyond price.
1. Why did George go to the painting class
A. He wanted to please his children.
B. He wanted to enjoy school life again.
C. He wanted to make new friends there.
D. He wanted to develop a worthwhile hobby.
2. Which word can describe George according to Paragraph 2
A. Humorous. B. Brave. C. Caring. D. Anxious.
3. Why did George call the author
A. To admit his own failure. B. To present his painting tools.
C. To ask the author a favor. D. To make an explanation.
4. What is the best title of this passage
A. A Lesson from My Old Friend
B. Inspiration for Art from My Partner
C. Nice George: An Artist with Great Passion
D. A Red Tool Box: A Bond Between Two Friends
第二节 （共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
How to mend a broken friendship It may be hard, but fixing a broken friendship will enable it to be even stronger than before. Here are some tips that will be useful.
Be the one to reach out hands before the other.
①_____ Let it be you this time. It will prove that you want to be friends again. Think about how you can reach them. Maybe you need to try a few different ways to get in touch.
②_____
If your friends refuse to see or speak with you, or visiting them in person isn't an option, you may need to keep a distance from them. Your friends want space and that should be respected. Use the time to reflect on the situation and prepare what you want to say.
Talk about the problem honestly and openly.
Explain how you feel about the problem and be honest about it. Then ask your friends to do the same. Let them talk for as long as they need to. Really listen and don't interrupt them. ③_____
Apologize to them and accept their apology.
Even if you believe the situation is their fault, opening with an apology sets the tone. You could say, "I'm really sorry things have got to this point. I want things to be better between us." If you did wrong in some ways, apologize to them sincerely. ④_____
Avoid restarting an argument.
It's important that you don't say or do anything hurtful during this conversation. ⑤_____ So do your best to keep things peaceful. If things get heated, don't allow them to escalate(不断恶化).
A.Let go of your anger or frustration.
B.Respect your friend's need for space.
C.If they apologize to you, accept their apology.
D.Come up with a plan for rebuilding the friendship.
E.Argument will only further damage the friendship and make things worse.
F.If you aren't talking to each other, someone will have to make the first move.
G.This way you both get to tell your side of the story and lay everything on the table.
第二部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Once upon a time, friendship was easy. I miss how spending time together used to be as simple as walking across the hall or picking up the 1 to say, "I've got wine, and I'm coming over." I miss the way we could laugh and cry or talk about nothing for hours because we had 2 to go and nothing to do. And 3 we did, and whatever it was, laughing, crying, or talking was much more important anyway.
These days, friendship feels much 4 . Instead of walking across the hall with a bowl of cookies, we need to 5 for hours or board a plane to get together. Family responsibilities and work obligations(职责) leave us with 6 minutes, and when we collapse(瘫倒) on bed at night, we can barely gather the 7 to wash off our makeup, 8 carry on a phone conversation. Days and weeks have gone by and we communicate only by 9 or Facebook updates, and by the time we do get together, there is so much to say that we even don't know where to start.
I want a handful of real, true, and 10 friendship—not flocks of fake friends and casual acquaintances(熟人). I want to make sure that we'll be friends whether we 11 within 10 minutes' walk or a thousand miles away from each other. I want to make sure that we'll be friends whether it's as simple as walking across the street or as 12 as planning a girls' weekend together. I want friends who are there not just when it's easy, but when it's hard.
True friendship isn't about being 13 ; it's about loyalty and trust and the ability to be who we are with each other. True friendship has no limitation of time, 14 or differences. True friends know us inside out. They know our 15 , so they better understand our present situation and will continue to be part of our future.
1. A. phone B. bottle C. friendship D. topic
2. A. places B. nowhere C. ways D. anywhere
3. A. unless B. since C. even if D. as if
4. A. more important B. closer C. more efficient D. harder
5. A. jog B. drive C. wait D. prepare
6. A. few B. more C. last D. other
7. A. courage B. speed C. energy D. thought
8. A. no wonder B. in case C. let go of D. let alone
9. A. applications B. halls C. homes D. texts
10. A. honest B. unreliable C. solid D. virtual
11. A. respond B. live C. talk D. part
12. A. challenging B. cheerful C. considerate D. expectant
13. A. easy B. generous C. troublesome D. tiring
14. A. space B. distance C. similarities D. privacy
15. A. heart B. personality C. past D. status
第二节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Advances in technology have changed the way we make friends ①_____(significant). Now moving to a new town doesn't mean ②_____(lose) track of our friends, because social media tools let us see ③_____ our friends are up to. And we can make new friends online. However, will a "new friend" become a real friend It ④_____(depend).
If people always exchange true ⑤_____(person) information online, these friendships can be real and meaningful. But we need to keep in mind that what we see on social media is often not the whole ⑥_____(true) about a person. Usually they tend ⑦_____(post) only positive updates. To make them appear happy and friendly, they even tell lies. The person ⑧_____ tells lies is more likely to cheat you. But this doesn't mean we should throw the baby with ⑨_____ bathwater. Although the way we acquire friends has been changed by the Internet, the meaning of friendship and our longing ⑩_____ friends remain the same.
第三部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节 （满分15分）
假定你是李华,你收到英国笔友Alex的来信,他想与你交流一个好朋友应该具备哪些优秀品质。请根据以下要点给他回一封邮件:
1.写信目的;
2.你的观点和理由;
3.询问对方的看法。
注意:
1.词数80左右;
2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
Dear Alex,
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
第二节 （满分25分）
阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。
Robert and Henry were two friends in the same class. They always played together and went home together. One day, Robert and Henry were going home from school. On turning a comer, Robert cried out, "A fight! Let's go and see!"
"No," said Henry. "Let us go home quietly and not meddle with (管闲事) this quarrel. We have nothing to do with it and may get into trouble. Also our parents are expecting to have dinner with us together and I don't want them to worry about me."
"You are a coward(懦夫), and afraid to go," said Robert, and off he ran. Henry went straight home, and went to school as usual in the afternoon.
But Robert had told all the boys that Henry was a coward, and they laughed at him a great deal. From then on, they looked down upon Henry and didn't want to play with him together.
Henry was sad but he wasn't angry with Robert for his rude behavior, because he knew that they misunderstood him, and that they ought to be afraid of nothing but doing wrong. Thus, he just ignored the other boys' laughter and continued to go to school and study as well. However, Robert didn't invite Henry to go home together with him anymore. Instead, he had some other boys who also thought Henry was a coward. Every day after school, they didn't go home directly but went to the river or somewhere to play games and had a lot of fun.
A few days later, Robert was bathing with his new friends in a river, and got out of his depth. He struggled and cried for help, but he failed. The boys who had called Henry a coward got out of the water as fast as they could, and they did nothing to help Robert.
注意:续写词数应为150左右。
Paragraph 1:
It seemed as if Robert would be dying.
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2:
Thus, Robert's life was saved.
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
答案以及解析
第一部分 阅读理解
第一节
A
答案：DBA
解析：1.细节理解题.根据文章第一段中的 I hid behind my mother and she hid behind her grandmother, scared of looking at each other. 和第二段中的 Soon, we lost the shyness and started playing with each other, riding bikes to each other's house and having sleepovers. 可知,这两个女孩第一次见面时都很害羞.
2.推理判断题.根据文章第四段中的 You didn't know this but I was trying to kill myself that very night you called me and I was crying. 可知,如果作者没打电话表示关心,朋友就会自杀.
3.推理判断题.根据本文最后一段中的 And I guess a kind of lesson from my life so far is to never give up your friends. 和 So if your friends need you, and you care about them, you should be always there for them. 可知,我们永远都不要放弃朋友,如果朋友需要,要永远和朋友在一起。
B
答案：ADCB
解析：1.推理判断题.根据文章第二段中的 One woman named Rebecca she interviewed even told her that if she had to choose between her husband and her friend, she would choose her friend. 可知, Rebecca 认为朋友比丈夫重要.
2.推理判断题.根据文章第三段中的 If the couple do not make any changes, they will either get tired of each other but break up or stay together but seek friendships with others. 可知,一些夫妇寻求与他人的友谊是因为在伴侣那儿得不到需要的东西.
3.细节理解题.根据文章第四段中的 but they don't often share their feelings 可知,男人的友谊与女人的友谊的区别在于男人不会分享自己的情感.
4.细节理解题.根据文章第五段中的 Even women who are very happily married are likely to become very unhappy without a close friend and can even find the breakup of a close relationship as painful as the end of a marriage. 可知,即使是非常幸福的已婚女性也会在没有亲密朋友的情况下变得非常不快乐,甚至会发现一段亲密的朋友关系的破裂和婚姻的结束一样痛苦.。
C
答案：CABD
解析：1.推理判断题。根据第一段可知，13岁的Kaylee有很多朋友，实际上前提是如果你把她的网上的好友都算上的话。并且她会花很多时间和他们在一起。因此第一段阐述了一种社会现象，目的是提出一个话题，从而引出下文对于这个话题的讨论，故选C项。
2.词义猜测题。根据画线部分前During your parents' childhoods...和画线部分后Kids played Scrabble around a table， not Words With Friends on their phones.可推知，在你父母的童年时期，与朋友相处通常意味着亲自花时间与他们在一起。孩子们围着桌子玩拼字游戏，而不是在手机上玩Words With Friends。由此可以推断出，画线部分in the flesh意为“亲自”，故选A项。B项“提前”、C项“不管怎样，无论如何”和D项“最大程度地”均不符合题意。
3.观点态度题。根据第五段中In fact, in many ways...with each other可知，事实上，在很多方面，在线交流可以使朋友关系更加牢固，这绝对有积极的影响。孩子们可以经常保持联系，这意味着他们可以彼此分享更多他们的感受。因此， Katie对在网上交流持乐观态度。worded担忧的；positive积极的;confused困惑的;unconcerned不关心的。故选B。
4.细节理解题。根据最后一段中If we are constantly paying attention to our virtual world, we will have little time for our real-world friendships(如果我们不断关注我们的虚拟世界，我们将几乎没有时间留给现实世界的友谊。）及Rosen also worries...talk face to face.(Rosen还担心，现在的孩子可能会把社交媒体上的“朋友”误认为是生活中真正的朋友。然而，在困难时期，你不需要有人喜欢你的照片或分享你的博客。你需要一个能保守你的秘密并能帮你一把的人。你想面对面谈谈。）因此， Rosen认为青少年需要关注现实世界的友谊，故选D项。A项“向网上的朋友寻求帮助是明智的。”、B项“在现实中发展友谊更容易。”和C项“社交媒体帮助人们保持密切联系。”均不符合题意。
D
答案：DCBD
1.答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中“At 65, George had recently retired and was seeking a rewarding hobby for his golden years.”可知,乔治来绘画班是为了培养一个值得做的爱好。D项中的worthwhile与文中的rewarding为同义词。故选D。
2.答案：C
解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中“He loved his family and his friends.”及“George looked after every woman with the same attention”可知,乔治爱家人、朋友,给予每一位女士同样的关心,因此他是体贴人的。humorous幽默的;brave勇敢的;caring体贴人的;anxious焦虑的。故选C。
3.答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中乔治说的话“I've always been hoping to leave my box to you. I'm afraid I can't paint anymore, and you have the best talent and are most likely to use it(我一直希望把我的箱子留给你。我恐怕不能再画画了,你有最好的天赋,最有可能使用它)”可知,乔治打电话是为了把他的绘画工具赠予作者。故选B。
4.答案：D
解析：主旨大意题。通读全文可知,本文讲述了作者在绘画班认识了退休之后来学画画的乔治,他们成了忘年交。乔治去世前把自己一整套心爱的绘画工具送给作者,如今每当作者看到那个装工具的红色箱子都会想起乔治。再结合最后一段中“The most treasured item is the red tool box...are beyond price.(最珍贵的物品是那个红色的工具箱,仍然完好无损。原来的商店贴纸仍然牢牢地贴在那里,尽管价格早已磨损。但那没关系,因为在我看来,有些东西是无价的,比如友谊。)”可知,红色的工具箱是作者和乔治友谊的象征和纽带,故D项“红色工具箱:两个朋友之间的纽带”为本文的最佳标题。
第二节
答案：①-⑤ FBGCE
解析：①细节句。根据本段小标题“Be the one to reach out hands before the other.”可知,本段建议要在对方之前伸出友谊之手。F项“如果你们互相不说话,则必须有人迈出第一步。”符合段意,且和下文“Let it be you this time.”衔接顺畅。
②主旨句。本空为段落小标题。根据本段中“If your friends refuse to see or speak with you... Your friends want space and that should be respected.”可知,本段建议在朋友不想交流时,要给对方想要的空间。B项“尊重朋友对空间的需要。”符合段意。
③细节句。根据本段小标题“Talk about the problem honestly and openly.”可知,本段建议开诚布公地谈论这个问题。根据上文“Let them talk for as long as they need to. Really listen and don't interrupt them.(让他们想聊多久就聊多久。真正倾听,不要打断他们。)”可知,G项“通过这种方式,你们双方可以讲述自己的故事,并把所有事情都摆在桌面上。”承接上文,符合文意。
④细节句。根据本段小标题“Apologize to them and accept their apology.(向他们道歉并接受他们的道歉。)”和上文“If you did wrong in some ways, apologize to them sincerely.(如果你在某些方面做错了,请真诚地向他们道歉。)”可知,设空处的内容要与接受别人的道歉相关。C项“如果他们向你道歉,接受他们的道歉。”符合语境。
⑤细节句。根据本段小标题“Avoid restarting an argument.”可知,本段建议避免重新引发争论。根据上文“It's important that you don't say or do anything hurtful during this conversation.(在这次谈话中不要说或做任何伤害性的事情,这一点很重要)”及下文“So do your best to keep things peaceful.(所以尽你所能保持和平。)”可知,E项“争吵只会进一步损害友谊,使事情变得更糟。”符合段意,承接上下文文意。
第二部分 语言知识运用
第一节
答案：CACDB 6-10 ACBBC 11-15 ABCDB
1.答案：A
解析：“我”怀念过去和朋友一起度过时光的方式简单得像穿过走廊,或者拿起电话(phone)说:“我有酒,我这就过来。”根据下文中的“to say...”可知这里应指拿起电话(picking up the phone)。故选A。
2.答案：B
解析：“我”想念那样的状态,“我们”可以哭和笑,或者聊无关紧要的事一连聊上几个小时,因为“我们”无处(nowhere)可去,也无事可做。由“_____ to go”和“nothing to do”的并列关系可知选B。
3.答案：C
解析：即便(even if)“我们”有处可去,有事可做,不管“我们”在做什么,笑、哭或者聊天无论如何都重要得多。此处重点是理清did指代什么,由上文可知,did相当于had somewhere to go and something to do,再根据上下文逻辑关系可知选C。
4.答案：D
解析：如今,友谊让人觉得艰难(harder)得多了。由上段首句“...friendship was easy.”和下文描述的朋友相聚的困难可知,作者认为友谊在过去很容易维系,但如今变得艰难,故选D。
5.答案：B
解析：“我们”不是带着一碗饼干穿过走廊,而是需要开车(drive)数小时或者乘飞机去相聚。由本句中“walking”和“board a plane”可知,这里在叙述和朋友团聚的交通方式,而设空处和“乘坐飞机”在麻烦程度上是并列的,故选B。
6.答案：A
解析：要承担家庭和工作的双重责任,一天中最后剩下的时间没有几分钟。根据本段的主题(维系友谊变得艰难)可知,生活和工作的压力使留给自己的时间缩短。故选A。
7.答案：C
解析：当“我们”夜里累到瘫在床上的时候,“我们”几乎连卸妆的精力(energy)都没有,更不用说跟朋友打电话聊天了。故选C。
8.答案：D
解析：“我们”几乎没有精力洗掉妆容,更不用说(let alone)打电话聊天了。上下文属于递进的逻辑关系,故选D。no wonder意为“难怪”,in case意为“以防万一”,let go of意为“放弃”,均与文意不符,故排除。
9.答案：D
解析：日子一天天、一周周地过去了,“我们”只通过短信(texts)和脸书更新的信息交流,而当“我们”真正聚在一起的时候,有太多话要说,以至于“我们”甚至不知道从何谈起。这里所填词和后面的“Facebook updates”并列,故选D。
10.答案：C
解析：“我”想要几段真实的、真正的、可靠的(solid)友谊,而不是一大群假朋友和泛泛之交。根据该空和real、true的并列关系以及fake和casual的反义关系进行选择,故选C。solid表示“可靠的”。
11.答案：B
解析：“我”想确信,无论“我们”与彼此居住(live)在步行10分钟以内的距离还是一千英里以外,“我们”都是朋友。故选B。由第二段开头讲的和朋友相聚需要开车几个小时或乘飞机可知,这里指朋友间住的距离的远近。
12.答案：A
解析：“我”想确信,无论是像过马路这样简单的事情,还是像一起计划一个女孩们的周末这样具有挑战性的(challenging)事情,“我们”都是朋友。根据该空和上文simple的反义关系进行选择,故选A。
13.答案：A
解析：真正的友谊不必简单(easy);它是忠诚和信任,以及彼此相处时保持自我的能力。文章开始作者虽然表达了对过去简单友谊的怀念,但由上一段最后一句“I want friends who are there not just when it's easy, but when it's hard.”可知,作者其实并不是觉得简单的友谊一定好,艰难的友谊一定不好。故选A。
14.答案：B
解析：真正的友谊没有时间、距离(distance)和差异的限制。由上文提到的“...whether we live within 10 minutes' walk or a thousand miles away from each other.”可知,作者叙述了对于“距离”的看法,故选B。
15.答案：C
解析：他们了解“我们”的过去(past),因此他们会更好地了解“我们”现在的情况,并将继续成为“我们”未来的一部分。根据下文的present、future可知选C。
第二节
答案：①significantly ②losing ③what ④depends ⑤personal ⑥truth ⑦to post ⑧who/that ⑨the ⑩for
解析：①考查副词。句意: 技术进步已经明显地改变了我们的交友方式。设空处修饰谓语动词have changed, 故填significantly。
②考查非谓语动词。句意: 现在搬到一个新的城镇并不意味着与我们的朋友们失去联系。mean doing sth.意味着......, 故填losing。
③考查宾语从句。设空处引导宾语从句并在从句中作宾语, 表示"什么", 故填what。
④考查一般现在时。设空前是主语It, 动词应该用第三人称单数形式, 故填depends。
⑤考查形容词。句意: 如果人们总是在网上交换真实的个人信息, 这些友谊可能是真实且有意义的。空后是名词information, 修饰名词要用形容词, 故填personal。
⑥考查名词。句意: 但是我们需要记住, 我们在社交媒体上看到的往往不是关于一个人的全部真相。空前是定冠词the和形容词whole, 后面需接名词, 故填truth。
⑦考查动词不定式。句意: 通常他们只倾向于发布积极的消息。tend to do sth.倾向于做某事。
⑧考查关系代词。句意: 说谎的人更可能欺骗你。设空前是先行词The person, 关系代词在从句中作主语, 故填who/that。
⑨考查固定用法。句意: 但是这并不意味着我们应该不分良莠一起拋弃。throw the baby with the bathwater不分良莠一起抛弃。故填the。
⑩考查介词。句意: 尽管因特网已经改变了我们交友的方式, 但是友谊的意义和我们对朋友的渴望仍然是不变的。one's longing for sth.某人对某物的渴望。
第三节
答案：
Dear Alex,
I'm glad to receive your letter. When it comes to the fine qualities that a good friend should have, I'd like to express my opinion.
First of all, a good friend should be honest, which is the most important. Honesty is where good friendship starts. Secondly, a good friend should respect others, including their space and personal items. What's more, he or she must learn to forgive others. After all, anyone can make mistakes.
Would you like to share your idea about this topic I'm looking forward to hearing from you.
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
第二节
Paragraph 1:
It seemed as if Robert would be dying. Just at that moment, Henry happened to be passing by. Hearing the screams, Henry ran to the riverside, threw off his clothes and jumped into the water without hesitation. He reached Robert just as he was sinking the last time. By great effort, and with much danger to himself, he brought Robert to the shore.
Paragraph 2:
Thus, Robert's life was saved. Robert and his new friends were ashamed of having called Henry a coward. They realized that Henry had true courage. They said sorry to Henry for their rude behavior and asked for his forgiveness. Henry forgave them happily. He and Robert were friends again and they went home together as usual. From this, Robert learned what true courage was—never be afraid to do good, but always fear to do evil.
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