外研版（2019）选择性必修第二册Unit 3?Times change! B卷 能力提升单元达标测试卷（含解析）
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Unit 3 Times change! B卷 能力提升—2023-2024学年高二英语外研版（2019）选择性必修第二册单元达标测试卷
考试时间：90分钟
满分：120分
第一部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Singles' Day, occurs on November 11, and it has become the world's biggest online shopping day, due to Jack Ma's particular vision of e-commerce. It is a fact that online shopping has played an important part in Chinese daily life. Below are three popular shopping sites in China.
Taobao and T-mall
Both of them are the brands of China's Alibaba Group, whose founder is Jack Ma. Taobao is the biggest and the most important shopping site in China. The difference between Taobao and T-mall is that Taobao is mostly about middle, small size companies and individual merchants (商人), while T-mall only allows certified large scale corporation merchants to sell goods on it. Thus the price of goods is commonly lower on Taobao but the quality is not always guaranteed. However, T-mall is the opposite, where the majority of items are a bit more expensive but have guaranteed quality.
is one of the China's biggest e-commerce companies and sells various goods, including daily necessities, food, clothes and electronics, etc. Meanwhile, sells a lot of computer parts, providing installation advice services and installation assistance services, which differs from other retailers (零售商). Also, has its self-run delivery group, offering the best and quickest delivery service. In some cities, you can pay after goods have been delivered to your door.
is a B2C online shopping platform of Suning Company, selling electronics, mobile phones, computers and books, etc. Different from the aforementioned shopping sites, Suning has physical stores selling electronics across the nation and it focuses on synchronous (同步的) development of online shopping and physical shopping. Therefore, customers can see electronic products for themselves in their retail stores and then purchase them online. At the same time, Suning offers better after-sale service and immediate delivery service.
1.What can we learn about Taobao and T-mall
A.They have nothing in common.
B.T-mall is larger and more important than Taobao.
C.Their sellers are different in size and qualification.
D.The quality of their goods can both be guaranteed.
2.Which shopping site best suits you if you want to buy the laptop hardware and install it by yourself
A.Taobao. B.T-mall. C.. D..
3.What is special about
A.It sells electronics. B.It has physical stores.
C.It offers after-sale service. D.It provides delivery service.
B
It's lunchtime, and I'm eager to try a new establishment that opened near our office in midtown Manhattan. I walk to the shiny new storefront, place my order and make my way to the counter(柜台) to pay. As I dig into my wallet and start to pull out some cash, the person behind the counter interrupts me. "No cash, please!" says the cashier.
These days, establishments that no longer accept cash have increased greatly. It's long been said that "cash is king", but the tendency could be turning in the US. While cash continues to be the most common payment method among consumers, its usage is declining. The use of cash in 2019 dropped by 3 percentage points to 30 percent of all transactions(交易) in just two years, according to the Federal Reserve Bank of San Francisco's 2020 Diary of Consumer Payment Choice. What's more, because cash is most likely to be used in small transactions ($ 10 or less), it accounted for only 9 percent of the total payment value in the same year. The use of cards, at the same time, has held steady, and mobile payments have begun to grow.
Nearly cashless societies are already a reality outside the US. In Sweden, cash accounts for only 2 percent of the value of all payments, and total cash in circulation accounts for just 1 percent of Swedish GDP. China, meanwhile, leads the way in mobile payments, recording more than $ 20 trillion in 2019.
But should a cashless future be accepted enthusiastically
It's true that not handling cash could allow for an increase in speed and efficiency(效率). Cashless payments, however, have their downside. We might start to see a rise in cybercrimes(网络犯罪), while a cashless society could decrease physical crimes. Critics argue that cashless establishments unfairly affect those who are less likely to have access to noncash payment methods—namely the unbanked/underbanked. According to the Pew Research Center, those in households earning less than $ 30,000 per year are more likely to use cash than those with higher incomes.
A cashless society, no doubt, has its advantages, but it can also bring a host of new challenges.
1.What problem does the author have at lunchtime
A.He loses his way. B.He forgets to bring cash.
C.He fails to have his lunch. D.He is asked not to pay in cash.
2.What can we learn about the use of cash in the US in 2019
A.It saw a fall.
B.It only happened in small transactions.
C.It accounted for 3% of all its transactions.
D.It was less frequent than the use of mobile payments.
3.Why does the author mention Sweden and China
A.To list the benefits of cashless payments.
B.To voice his doubt about cashless societies.
C.To show the global spread of cashless societies.
D.To show the influence of cashless payments on people's life.
4.What is one reason why the author is against a cashless society
A.It is inconvenient for small transactions. B.It puts some people at a disadvantage.
C.It puts the underbanked in danger. D.It encourages physical crimes.
C
Almost all calligraphy (书法) lovers agree that writing Chinese characters with a brush and ink on straw paper offers a way to communicate with not only history and culture, but also oneself. But this era Chinese character handwriting is under threat from computers and mobile phones.
A college graduate looking for a job was reportedly turned down by a company because he wrote 24 characters incorrectly in a 400-character handwritten résumé. A survey by HorizonKey, covering people from 12 major cities in China, found that nearly one third of those interviewed often experienced "character amnesia (记忆缺失)", with 94 percent saying that this was a problem for them.
The main reason is that most Chinese rely too much on the pinyin-based Chinese language input method, which is replacing the tradition of writing characters stroke(笔画) by stroke. The software will conveniently choose the right characters according to the context or word frequency, as there are dozens of characters with the same pronunciation in Chinese.
Education is another problem. In college, most homework and papers are printed out, instead of handwritten. And few educators use chalk and blackboards, with Microsoft's PowerPoint, the most-often used software to teach knowledge to students.
The number of electronic devices in the classroom is thought to be another reason why students are easily satisfied with just a poor knowledge of the Chinese language and characters. It is quicker to look up a character in an electronic dictionary, but traditional printed dictionaries offer more detailed information on the usage and meaning of the characters. Students pay more attention to remembering a character's pronunciation, but not the other knowledge related to it, which e-dictionaries rarely provide.
Another worry is the "pollution" of Chinese characters by the Internet language. Young people regard using the Internet language as cool and fashionable. They think these expressions are accessible. After they learn to use these expressions, they automatically include them in their writing.
1.With the example of a college graduate, the author shows ________.
A.that practicing can improve writing
B.why certain people are poor writers
C.that there are differences in students' writing
D.why Chinese character handwriting is in great danger
2.By saying "...those interviewed often experienced 'character amnesia (记忆缺失)'", the writer means those interviewed _________.
A.are not good at handwriting B.can't write characters accurately
C.show no interest in handwriting D.find jobs much more difficultly
3.What phenomenon is described in Paragraph 5
A.Dependence on electronic devices. B.Advantages of electronic dictionaries.
C.Mastery of knowledge of the characters. D.Disadvantages of published dictionaries.
4.What's the writer's attitude towards the Internet language
A.Favorable. B.Uncaring. C.Disapproving. D.Friendly.
D
In many aspects, nowadays business environment has changed greatly since the late 1980s. The end of the Cold War completely altered the very nature of the world's politics and economics. In just a few short years, globalization has started a variety of trends with profound consequences: the opening of markets, true global competition, widespread deregulation (解除管制) of industry, and an abundance of accessible capital. We have experienced both the benefits and risks of a truly global economy, with both Wall Street and Main Street (平民百姓) feeling the pains of economic disorder half a world away.
At the same time, we have fully entered the information age, starting breakthroughs in information technology, which have irreversibly altered the ability to conduct business unconstrained by the traditional limitations of time or space. Today, it's almost impossible to imagine a world without intranets (内联网), e-mails, and portable computers. With amazing speed, the Internet is profoundly changing the way we work, do business, and communicate.
As a consequence, we have truly entered the postindustrial economy. We are rapidly shifting from an economy based on manufacturing and commodities to one that places the greatest value on information, services, support, and distribution. That shift, in turn, attaches great importance to " knowledge workers", a new class of wealthy, educated, and mobile people who view themselves as free agents in a seller's market.
Beyond the field of information technology, the increasing pace of technological change in virtually every industry has created entirely new business, wiped out others, and produced a great demand for continuous innovation(创新). New products, processes, and distribution
technologies provide powerful levers for creating competitive value. More companies are learning the importance of destructive technologies—innovations that hold the potential to make a product line, or even an entire business segment, virtually outdated.
Another major trend has been the consumer and business markets. There's a growing appreciation that superficially similar groups of customers may have very different preferences in terms of what they want to buy and how they want to buy it. Now, new technology makes it easier, faster, and cheaper to identify and serve targeted micro-markets in ways that were physically impossible or prohibitively expensive in the past. Moreover, the trend feeds on itself—a business's ability to serve sub-markets fuels customers' appetites for more and more specialized offerings.
1.According to the first paragraph, the changes in the business environment in the past decades can be due to _________.
A.technological advances B.the worldwide economic disorder
C.the fierce competition in industry D.the globalization of economy
2.What idea does the author want to convey in the second paragraph
A.The rapid development of information technology has taken businessmen by surprise.
B.The Internet, intranets, e-mails, and portable computers have entered every comer of the world.
C.Information technology has removed the restrictions of time and space in business transactions.
D.The way we do business today has brought about starting breakthroughs in information technology.
3.If a business wants to boom in the post-industrial economy, __________.
A.it has to invest more capital in the training of free agents to operate in a seller抯 market
B.it should try its best to satisfy the increasing demands of mobile knowledgeable people
C.it should not overlook the importance of information, services, support, and distribution
D.it has to provide each of its employees with the latest information about the changing market
4.In the author's view, destructive technologies are innovations which ________.
A.demand a radical change in providing services
B.can eliminate an entire business
C.may destroy the potential of a company to make any profit
D.call for continuous improvement in ways of doing business
第二节 （共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Emoji(表情符号) and Workplace Communication
In Asia, messaging platforms are growing rapidly, with users in the hundreds of millions, both at work and play. ①_____. It's been reported that 76 percent of employees in some western countries are using emojis at work.
Written communications can often read as cold and dull. Using emojis can add humor and feeling, keeping intention clear. ②_____, encouraging better and more frequent communication.
In any given office, employees can range from age 22 to70 and beyond, and finding common ground in communication style can be a challenge. ③_____. While the younger generations prefer to communicate visually, for those used to working with traditional tools like email, it may feel like a learning curve(曲线). The good news is that it's simple to learn and can be worth the effort.
There is also the matter of tone(语气). Who hasn't received an email so annoying that it ruined an entire day ④_____. Emoji can help communication feel friendlier, and even a serious note can be softened with an encouraging smile.
⑤_____, and emoji can contribute directly to that positive outcome. And when your employees begin adding smiling emojis to their business communication, you'll know you have succeeded in improving your work culture.
A. Messages with emojis feel more conversational
B.Even a formal email can seem cold and unfriendly
C.Sending smiling faces to colleagues may seem strange
D.The popularity of these platforms is spreading globally
E.Giving employees the tools enables them to communicate honestly
F.Studies show that friendlier communication leads to a happier workplace
G.An easy way to bring all work generations together is with a chat platform
第二部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
It's a sad reality that many of us find ourselves just too busy to contribute to our communities. For a long time, I, too, believed it cost too much in time, money and energy to make a real difference. But all that changed when I 1 my good-deed-a-day project.
My daughter, Emily, was my primary 2 I wanted to show her we could do little things to help others, and be happy. The first week, I wasn't sure if I could 3 it. I surfed the Internet for ideas. One day, I 4 a blind man in the subway station. He smiled as he thanked me. Another day, I brought flowers from my garden to a local nursing home. I could only hope I was arousing 5 in others.
After just a few days, 6 I found it easier than I'd expected. I knew I was making a 7 .
Every evening at the dinner table, I 8 that day's good deed to Emily. Emily began 9 what I'd started. On a walk home from school, she 10 to a neighbour's pot of geraniums(天竺葵), which had toppled(摇晃)in the wind, and set it right. "That was my good deed for the day!" She yelled. Another day, she helped me collect 11 from our neighbours for the food bank. We dropped off the food and, 12 we drove away, Emily announced 13 that she wanted to work there one day.
By the last week, I knew I'd changed. At first, I hadn't been entirely 14 that I could do a good deed every day. Now it was practically second nature. I felt a greater responsibility to take action when I saw a need, 15 looking the other way. I felt as though I'd awakened, somehow.
1.A. stopped B. started C. forgot D. remembered
2.A. donation B. expectation C. celebration D. inspiration
3.A. get B. manage C. put D. appreciate
4.A. watched B. waited C. guided D. ordered
5.A. interest B. mercy C. awareness D. praise
6.A. though B. besides C. therefore D. also
7.A. discovery B. difference C. mistake D. fortune
8.A. reminded B. pointed C. recalled D. described
9.A. criticizing B. sharing C. laughing D. praising
10.A. marched over B. pulled over C. turned over D. fell over
11.A. money B. vegetables C. donations D. clothes
12.A. before B. since C. until D. as
13.A. proudly B. eagerly C. anxiously D. casually
14.A. concerned B. convinced C. expected D. persuaded
15.A. by means of B. regardless of C. as well as D. instead of
第二节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The world's longest cross-sea bridge—Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge(HZMB) opened on October 24, 2018. The Guardian described it as one of the ①__________(wonder) of the modern world. The HZMB, ②__________ links Hong Kong and Macao to Zhuhai, began in 2009 and cost about 120 billion yuan. It's designed ③__________ (have) a service life of 120 years, 20 years longer than most bridges. And it's not only a bridge, but also a part tunnel(隧道) and part island.
In one section, the bridge turns into a 6.7 km undersea tunnel that ④__________ (pass) through two man-made islands. The tunnel is the world's longest undersea tunnel for road traffic, ⑤__________ (allow) large ships to continue passing through the sea area above the tunnel. The bridge's engineers had to take many environmental factors ⑥__________ consideration in order to protect the surrounding environment while ⑦__________ (build) the bridge. The HZMB will make ⑧__________ much more convenient to shorten the travel time from Hong Kong to Zhuhai from four hours to about 45 minutes.
By drawing local cities and religions closer together, the bridge will help the area's development ⑨__________ (great). It is expected to drive the economic ⑩__________ (develop) of Hong Kong, Macao and nine cities in Guangdong.
第三部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节 （满分15分）
假设你是李华,在一家网店购买了一件羽绒服。昨天收到后发现羽绒服后背有个洞,你给卖家打了几次服务电话,对方电话却一直占线。请你给卖家Miss Mary写一封投诉信。内容包括:
1. 描述羽绒服的质量问题;
2. 提出解决问题的具体要求。
注意:
1.词数80左右;
2.可适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
参考词汇:羽绒服down jacket
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
第二节 （满分25分）
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。
The Robson Valley, where I live in the Canadian Rockies, has wonderful scenery of snow-covered mountains, ranches (牧场)and farms, which attracts hikers, snowmobilers and horseback riders. The valley is remote. In winter, temperature falls below freezing and more than 30 feet of snow falls on the highest mountains.
Last December, I got a call from my best friend, Monika Brown. "Two horses are trapped on Mount Renshaw," Monika told me. "Some snowmobilers spotted them high on the mountain. They're trapped in the snow and starving. Someone needs to get those horses down the mountain, or they'll die off there. "
I've loved horses since I was a girl. The thought that two horses would freeze to death on a mountain was too much to bear. I jumped up. "We must get there. They need someone who knows horses to look after them and feed them. I'll get in touch with my friends Sara and Matt. They're amazing snowmobilers."
Matt agreed right away to go up the mountain. After finding them, I covered the two horses with blankets and fed them with some hay personally. I was overjoyed. But then we faced an even bigger challenge. The horses were miles from the nearest road. We had to get the two horses out of the dangerous area before another snowstorm arrived.
Sara and Matt put forward a plan to dig a trench(沟) from the horse site to the nearest road, where we could walk them down the mountain. But just a handful of people waited on the scene. We spent the rest of the day digging and made a trench a few dozen meters long. At this rate it would take weeks to reach the road, about a kilometer away. A storm could blow up anytime. We needed more diggers. I sent out e-mails and made more phone calls to ask everyone I could think of for help.
Paragraph 1:
The very next day something amazing happened. _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2:
I put my hands on the horses' necks, saying, "They saved you." _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
答案以及解析
第一部分 阅读理解
第一节
A
答案：1-3.CCB
解析：1.细节理解题。由第二段中的The difference between Taobao and T-mall is that Taobao is mostly about middle, small size companies and individual merchants, while T-mall only allows certified large scale corporation merchants to sell goods on it. Thus the price of goods is commonly lower on Taobao but the quality is not always guaranteed. However, T-mall is the opposite, where the majority of items are a bit more expensive but have guaranteed quality.(淘宝和天猫之间的区别是,淘宝主要是中、小型企业和个体商户,而天猫只允许注册的大型企业商家在上面出售商品。因此,淘宝上的商品价格通常较低,但质量并不总是有保证。然而,天猫恰恰相反,那里的大多数商品都稍微贵一点,但质量有保证。)可知它们的销售规模和质量是不同的。故选C项。
2.细节理解题。由第三段中的Meanwhile, sells a lot of computer parts, providing installation advice services and installation assistance services, which differs from other retailers.(同时,京东卖很多电脑配件,提供安装建议服务和安装援助服务,不同于其他零售商。)可知,如果想买笔记本电脑硬件并且自己组装,适合在京东上购买,故选C项。
3.细节理解题。由最后一段中的Different from the aforementioned shopping sites, Suning has physical stores selling electronics across the nation and it focuses on synchronous development of online shopping and physical shopping.可知,苏宁易购的特点是有自己的实体店,故选B项。
B
答案：1-4.DACB
解析：1.细节理解题。根据第一段中的最后一句可知,作者在付账时,商家不让他用现金支付。A选项与文章信息不符;通过第一段中的As I dig into my wallet and start to pull out some cash可知,作者带了现金,因此B项错误;C项文章没有提及。故选D项。
2.细节理解题。根据第二段中的The use of cash in 2019 dropped by 3 percentage points可知,2019年美国现金使用率在下滑。根据第二段中的because cash is most likely to be used in small transactions可知,现金支付最有可能在小型交易中进行,B项说法太绝对,不符合文意;根据第二段中的it accounted for only 9 percent of the total payment value in the same year可知C项错误;D选项文中没有提及。故选A项。
3.推理判断题。根据第三段的主题句Nearly cashless societies are already a reality outside the US.可知,作者举瑞典和中国的例子是为了说明从全球来看,有些国家无现金支付普及率很高。故选C项。
4.推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的Critics argue that cashless establishments unfairly affect those who are less likely to have access to noncash payment methods可推断,并不是每个人都有条件选择无现金支付,因此无现金支付对某些社会群体不公平。A、C两项文中没有提及相关信息;由倒数第二段中的while a cashless society could decrease physical crimes可知,D项错误,无现金社会可以减少暴力犯罪。故选B项。
C
答案：1-4.DBAC
解析：1.推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句可知,汉字书写面临电脑和手机的威胁,而第二段紧接着讲述了一名大学毕业生求职时被一家公司拒绝,因为他在一份400字的手写简历中写错了24个字;接下来的几段说明了汉字书写面临威胁的原因。由此可推知,作者用这个例子是为了阐释汉字书写处在威胁之中的原因,A项“练习可以提高写作水平”,B项“为什么有些人是糟糕的作家”和C项“学生的书写有差异”都偏离了文章的意思。故选D。
2.推理判断题。根据第二段中的"character amnesia" "problem"及所列举的一个大学毕业生书写多个错误汉字的例子可推知,作者在此处表达受访者的汉字书写存在问题。故选B。根据第一、二段的内容可知,本文讨论的中心问题是汉字书写是否正确,而不是是否擅长书写或者对书写是否感兴趣,更不是在谈论找工作,故A、C、D三项错误。故选B。
3.细节理解题。根据第五段中的"The number of electronic devices in the classroom is thought to be another reason... to look up a character in an electronic dictionary"可知,该段描述的是学生对电子产品过于依赖的现象。B、C、D三项在本段中没有提及。故选A。
4.推理判断题。根据第六段的内容,尤其是第一句中的"pollution"可推知,作者对网络语言的使用持不赞成的态度。favorable赞成的;uncaring冷漠的;disapproving反对的;friendly友好的。故选C。
D
答案：1-4.DCCB
解析：1.细节理解题。由第一段巾的In just a few short years, globalization has started a variety of trends with profound consequences: the opening of markets, true global competition, widespread deregulation of industry, and an abundance of accessible capital.(在短短的几年时间里,全球化引发了各种各样的趋势,并产生了深远的影响:市场的开放、真正的全球竞争、对工业的普遍放松管制,以及大量可获得的资本)可知,在过去儿十年的商业环境中的变化可能是经济全球化引起的。故选D。
2.推理判断题。由第二段中的At the same time, we have fully entered the information age, starting breakthroughs in information technology, which have irreversibly altered the ability to conduct business unconstrained by the traditional limitations of time or space.(与此同时,我们已经完全进入了信息时代,开始了信息技术的突破,这些技术已经不可逆转地改变了不受时间或空间的传统限制进行商业活动的能力)可知,作者在第二段想要表达的是信息技术已经消除了商业交易中时间和空间的限制。故选C。
3.推理判断题。由第三段中的We are rapidly shifting from an economy based on manufacturing and commodities to one that places the greatest value on information, services, support, and distribution(我们正在迅速地从以制造业和商品为基础的经济向以信息、服务、支持和分销为最大价值的经济转变)可推知,如果一个企业想在后工业经济中蓬勃发展,不应该忽视信息、服务、支持和分销的重要性、故选C。
4.细节理解题。由第四段中的More companies are learning the importance of destructive technologies—innovations that hold the potential to make a product line, or even an entire business segment, virtually outdated.(更多的公司开始认识到破坏性技术的重要性——这些创新有可能使一条产品线,甚至整个业务部门实际上过时)可知,在作者看来,破坏性技术是可以消灭整个企业的创新。故选B。
第二节
答案：DAGBF
解析：①空前一句提到"In Asia, messaging platforms are growing rapidly, with users in the hundreds of millions, both at work and play.", D项在内容上承接上文, 且进一步说明了信息收发平台在全球范围内日益风行, D项符合语境。
②根据前句"Using emojis can add humor and feeling, keeping intention clear."和后半句"encouraging better and more frequent communication"可知, 这里陈述使用表情符号的优点。故A项符合语境。
③根据前句"In any given office, employees can range from age 22 to 70 and beyond, and finding common ground in communication style can be a challenge."可知, 在不同年龄的雇员之间找到沟通方式上的共同点可能是个挑战, G项则是针对该挑战的解决办法。
④根据前句"Who hasn't received an email so annoying that it ruined an entire day "和后文介绍表情符号的优点可知, 这里陈述电子邮件的缺点。故B项符合语境。
⑤根据后句"and emoji can contribute directly to that positive outcome"可知, 空处应该体现"that positive outcome", 也就是F项中的"a happier workplace"。故F项符合语境。
第二部分 语言知识运用
第一节
答案：1-5BDBCC 6-10ABDBA 11-15CDABD
解析：1.根据上下文可知,作者先前的看法在开始(start) “日行一善”的计划之后发生了改变,故选B项。
2.根据空后一句可知,女儿是作者行善的原动力 (primary inspiration),故选D项。
3.根据语境可知,作者刚开始“日行一善”,不确定能否成功。manage在此意为“完成”,故选B项。
4.根据语境可知,作者领着(guide) 一个盲人过地铁站,故选C项。
5.根据语境可知,作者希望通过自己的行动唤起他人心中(乐于助人)的意识(awareness),故选C项。
6.根据上文"The first week, I wasn't sure..."可知,此处指:然而(though)几天之后,作者发现“日行一善”要比预料的容易。though在此处为副词,表转折,故选A项。
7.通过几天的实践后,作者发现“日行一善”要比预料的容易,也知道自己正在产生影响(make a difference),故选B项。
8.作者晚上回家,把自己白天行善的事情讲述 (describe)给女儿听,故选D项。
9.作者言传身教,对女儿产生了影响,女儿埃米莉也开始参与(share)到“日行一善”的活动中来,故选B项。
10.女儿看到邻居家的花盆在风中摇摇欲坠,走上前去(march over),伸手扶正,故选A项。
11.根据下文的“food bank”可知,这里是指女儿帮助作者收集社区邻居的捐赠(donation),故选C项。
12.根据语境可知,当(as)“我们”离开时,女儿自豪地(proudly)说将来要在这里工作,故选D项。
13.句意参见上题解析,故选A项。
14.根据上文可知,作者开始并不完全相信自己能完成“日行一善”的计划。convince信服,故选B项。
15.每次看到有需要帮助的时候,作者就感到有施以援手的责任,而不是(instead of)听之任之,故选D项。
第二节
答案：wonders; which; to have; passes; allowing; into; building; it; greatly; development
解析：本文是一篇说明文,主题语境为人与社会。文章主要介绍了连接香港、珠海和澳门的港珠澳大桥以及建成后对周边地区的影响。
①考查名词的数。空前有one of the修饰,应用名词复数形式,故填wonders。
②考查定语从句。The HZMB是主句的主语,主句的谓语是后面的began,由此判断,中间是一个非限制性定语从句,从句中缺少主语,指代空前的The HZMB,指物,故填which。
③考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知,be designed to do为固定搭配,故填to have。
④考查动词时态和主谓一致。此处是定语从句中的谓语动词,主语that指代tunnel(单数),由语境可知该句应用一般现在时,故填passes。
⑤考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知 _______ large ships to continue passing through the sea area above the tunnel(允许大型船舶继续通过隧道上方海域)为现在分词作状语,故填allowing。
⑥考查介词。take... into consideration为固定搭配,意为:考虑到,顾及,故填into。
⑦考查状语从句。分析句子结构可知,while _______ the bridge为省略的状语从句,省略了主语和be动词,故填building。
⑧考查代词。由句子结构可知,此处是形式宾语,真正的宾语为后面的动词不定式。由make+it+adj.+to do结构可知,此处填it。
⑨考查副词。此处表示:这座大桥能极大地帮助该地区的发展。该词修饰动词help,应用副词形式,故填greatly。
⑩考查名词。空前有the economic修饰,此处应用名词形式,故填development。
第三部分 写作
第一节
答案：
Dear Miss Mary,
I am writing to complain about the down jacket I purchased from your online store recently.
When checking the jacket, I found an obvious hole on the back. I dialed your service number several times, only to find it was busy, making me extremely annoyed. I'd like you to either change it for a new one or give me a full refund. By the way, how shall I send this jacket back to you
Looking forward to your early reply.
Yours,
Li Hua
第二节
答案：
Paragraph 1:
The very next day something amazing happened. Just when I wondered when the clear weather would come, help arrived. People from every part of the Robson Valley gradually turned up to dig. Snowmobilers, ranchers, farmers, everyone took a shovel, boarded a snowmobile and headed up the mountain. The temperature dropped to 40 degrees below zero but still people came. At last, the trench was completed. We walked the two horses to the nearest road, then to the stable.
Paragraph 2:
I put my hands on the horses' necks, saying, "They saved you.'' And then I realized they had saved us too. What moved me was that on the last day of digging, when it seemed as if the entire Robson Valley was on the horses' side, people I'd never met before dug snow out to keep the rescue efforts going. A community of individuals came together as one. It was the best gift our beautiful, remote valley could ask for.
2
考试时间：90分钟
满分：120分
第一部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Singles' Day, occurs on November 11, and it has become the world's biggest online shopping day, due to Jack Ma's particular vision of e-commerce. It is a fact that online shopping has played an important part in Chinese daily life. Below are three popular shopping sites in China.
Taobao and T-mall
Both of them are the brands of China's Alibaba Group, whose founder is Jack Ma. Taobao is the biggest and the most important shopping site in China. The difference between Taobao and T-mall is that Taobao is mostly about middle, small size companies and individual merchants (商人), while T-mall only allows certified large scale corporation merchants to sell goods on it. Thus the price of goods is commonly lower on Taobao but the quality is not always guaranteed. However, T-mall is the opposite, where the majority of items are a bit more expensive but have guaranteed quality.
is one of the China's biggest e-commerce companies and sells various goods, including daily necessities, food, clothes and electronics, etc. Meanwhile, sells a lot of computer parts, providing installation advice services and installation assistance services, which differs from other retailers (零售商). Also, has its self-run delivery group, offering the best and quickest delivery service. In some cities, you can pay after goods have been delivered to your door.
is a B2C online shopping platform of Suning Company, selling electronics, mobile phones, computers and books, etc. Different from the aforementioned shopping sites, Suning has physical stores selling electronics across the nation and it focuses on synchronous (同步的) development of online shopping and physical shopping. Therefore, customers can see electronic products for themselves in their retail stores and then purchase them online. At the same time, Suning offers better after-sale service and immediate delivery service.
1.What can we learn about Taobao and T-mall
A.They have nothing in common.
B.T-mall is larger and more important than Taobao.
C.Their sellers are different in size and qualification.
D.The quality of their goods can both be guaranteed.
2.Which shopping site best suits you if you want to buy the laptop hardware and install it by yourself
A.Taobao. B.T-mall. C.. D..
3.What is special about
A.It sells electronics. B.It has physical stores.
C.It offers after-sale service. D.It provides delivery service.
B
It's lunchtime, and I'm eager to try a new establishment that opened near our office in midtown Manhattan. I walk to the shiny new storefront, place my order and make my way to the counter(柜台) to pay. As I dig into my wallet and start to pull out some cash, the person behind the counter interrupts me. "No cash, please!" says the cashier.
These days, establishments that no longer accept cash have increased greatly. It's long been said that "cash is king", but the tendency could be turning in the US. While cash continues to be the most common payment method among consumers, its usage is declining. The use of cash in 2019 dropped by 3 percentage points to 30 percent of all transactions(交易) in just two years, according to the Federal Reserve Bank of San Francisco's 2020 Diary of Consumer Payment Choice. What's more, because cash is most likely to be used in small transactions ($ 10 or less), it accounted for only 9 percent of the total payment value in the same year. The use of cards, at the same time, has held steady, and mobile payments have begun to grow.
Nearly cashless societies are already a reality outside the US. In Sweden, cash accounts for only 2 percent of the value of all payments, and total cash in circulation accounts for just 1 percent of Swedish GDP. China, meanwhile, leads the way in mobile payments, recording more than $ 20 trillion in 2019.
But should a cashless future be accepted enthusiastically
It's true that not handling cash could allow for an increase in speed and efficiency(效率). Cashless payments, however, have their downside. We might start to see a rise in cybercrimes(网络犯罪), while a cashless society could decrease physical crimes. Critics argue that cashless establishments unfairly affect those who are less likely to have access to noncash payment methods—namely the unbanked/underbanked. According to the Pew Research Center, those in households earning less than $ 30,000 per year are more likely to use cash than those with higher incomes.
A cashless society, no doubt, has its advantages, but it can also bring a host of new challenges.
1.What problem does the author have at lunchtime
A.He loses his way. B.He forgets to bring cash.
C.He fails to have his lunch. D.He is asked not to pay in cash.
2.What can we learn about the use of cash in the US in 2019
A.It saw a fall.
B.It only happened in small transactions.
C.It accounted for 3% of all its transactions.
D.It was less frequent than the use of mobile payments.
3.Why does the author mention Sweden and China
A.To list the benefits of cashless payments.
B.To voice his doubt about cashless societies.
C.To show the global spread of cashless societies.
D.To show the influence of cashless payments on people's life.
4.What is one reason why the author is against a cashless society
A.It is inconvenient for small transactions. B.It puts some people at a disadvantage.
C.It puts the underbanked in danger. D.It encourages physical crimes.
C
Almost all calligraphy (书法) lovers agree that writing Chinese characters with a brush and ink on straw paper offers a way to communicate with not only history and culture, but also oneself. But this era Chinese character handwriting is under threat from computers and mobile phones.
A college graduate looking for a job was reportedly turned down by a company because he wrote 24 characters incorrectly in a 400-character handwritten résumé. A survey by HorizonKey, covering people from 12 major cities in China, found that nearly one third of those interviewed often experienced "character amnesia (记忆缺失)", with 94 percent saying that this was a problem for them.
The main reason is that most Chinese rely too much on the pinyin-based Chinese language input method, which is replacing the tradition of writing characters stroke(笔画) by stroke. The software will conveniently choose the right characters according to the context or word frequency, as there are dozens of characters with the same pronunciation in Chinese.
Education is another problem. In college, most homework and papers are printed out, instead of handwritten. And few educators use chalk and blackboards, with Microsoft's PowerPoint, the most-often used software to teach knowledge to students.
The number of electronic devices in the classroom is thought to be another reason why students are easily satisfied with just a poor knowledge of the Chinese language and characters. It is quicker to look up a character in an electronic dictionary, but traditional printed dictionaries offer more detailed information on the usage and meaning of the characters. Students pay more attention to remembering a character's pronunciation, but not the other knowledge related to it, which e-dictionaries rarely provide.
Another worry is the "pollution" of Chinese characters by the Internet language. Young people regard using the Internet language as cool and fashionable. They think these expressions are accessible. After they learn to use these expressions, they automatically include them in their writing.
1.With the example of a college graduate, the author shows ________.
A.that practicing can improve writing
B.why certain people are poor writers
C.that there are differences in students' writing
D.why Chinese character handwriting is in great danger
2.By saying "...those interviewed often experienced 'character amnesia (记忆缺失)'", the writer means those interviewed _________.
A.are not good at handwriting B.can't write characters accurately
C.show no interest in handwriting D.find jobs much more difficultly
3.What phenomenon is described in Paragraph 5
A.Dependence on electronic devices. B.Advantages of electronic dictionaries.
C.Mastery of knowledge of the characters. D.Disadvantages of published dictionaries.
4.What's the writer's attitude towards the Internet language
A.Favorable. B.Uncaring. C.Disapproving. D.Friendly.
D
In many aspects, nowadays business environment has changed greatly since the late 1980s. The end of the Cold War completely altered the very nature of the world's politics and economics. In just a few short years, globalization has started a variety of trends with profound consequences: the opening of markets, true global competition, widespread deregulation (解除管制) of industry, and an abundance of accessible capital. We have experienced both the benefits and risks of a truly global economy, with both Wall Street and Main Street (平民百姓) feeling the pains of economic disorder half a world away.
At the same time, we have fully entered the information age, starting breakthroughs in information technology, which have irreversibly altered the ability to conduct business unconstrained by the traditional limitations of time or space. Today, it's almost impossible to imagine a world without intranets (内联网), e-mails, and portable computers. With amazing speed, the Internet is profoundly changing the way we work, do business, and communicate.
As a consequence, we have truly entered the postindustrial economy. We are rapidly shifting from an economy based on manufacturing and commodities to one that places the greatest value on information, services, support, and distribution. That shift, in turn, attaches great importance to " knowledge workers", a new class of wealthy, educated, and mobile people who view themselves as free agents in a seller's market.
Beyond the field of information technology, the increasing pace of technological change in virtually every industry has created entirely new business, wiped out others, and produced a great demand for continuous innovation(创新). New products, processes, and distribution
technologies provide powerful levers for creating competitive value. More companies are learning the importance of destructive technologies—innovations that hold the potential to make a product line, or even an entire business segment, virtually outdated.
Another major trend has been the consumer and business markets. There's a growing appreciation that superficially similar groups of customers may have very different preferences in terms of what they want to buy and how they want to buy it. Now, new technology makes it easier, faster, and cheaper to identify and serve targeted micro-markets in ways that were physically impossible or prohibitively expensive in the past. Moreover, the trend feeds on itself—a business's ability to serve sub-markets fuels customers' appetites for more and more specialized offerings.
1.According to the first paragraph, the changes in the business environment in the past decades can be due to _________.
A.technological advances B.the worldwide economic disorder
C.the fierce competition in industry D.the globalization of economy
2.What idea does the author want to convey in the second paragraph
A.The rapid development of information technology has taken businessmen by surprise.
B.The Internet, intranets, e-mails, and portable computers have entered every comer of the world.
C.Information technology has removed the restrictions of time and space in business transactions.
D.The way we do business today has brought about starting breakthroughs in information technology.
3.If a business wants to boom in the post-industrial economy, __________.
A.it has to invest more capital in the training of free agents to operate in a seller抯 market
B.it should try its best to satisfy the increasing demands of mobile knowledgeable people
C.it should not overlook the importance of information, services, support, and distribution
D.it has to provide each of its employees with the latest information about the changing market
4.In the author's view, destructive technologies are innovations which ________.
A.demand a radical change in providing services
B.can eliminate an entire business
C.may destroy the potential of a company to make any profit
D.call for continuous improvement in ways of doing business
第二节 （共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Emoji(表情符号) and Workplace Communication
In Asia, messaging platforms are growing rapidly, with users in the hundreds of millions, both at work and play. ①_____. It's been reported that 76 percent of employees in some western countries are using emojis at work.
Written communications can often read as cold and dull. Using emojis can add humor and feeling, keeping intention clear. ②_____, encouraging better and more frequent communication.
In any given office, employees can range from age 22 to70 and beyond, and finding common ground in communication style can be a challenge. ③_____. While the younger generations prefer to communicate visually, for those used to working with traditional tools like email, it may feel like a learning curve(曲线). The good news is that it's simple to learn and can be worth the effort.
There is also the matter of tone(语气). Who hasn't received an email so annoying that it ruined an entire day ④_____. Emoji can help communication feel friendlier, and even a serious note can be softened with an encouraging smile.
⑤_____, and emoji can contribute directly to that positive outcome. And when your employees begin adding smiling emojis to their business communication, you'll know you have succeeded in improving your work culture.
A. Messages with emojis feel more conversational
B.Even a formal email can seem cold and unfriendly
C.Sending smiling faces to colleagues may seem strange
D.The popularity of these platforms is spreading globally
E.Giving employees the tools enables them to communicate honestly
F.Studies show that friendlier communication leads to a happier workplace
G.An easy way to bring all work generations together is with a chat platform
第二部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
It's a sad reality that many of us find ourselves just too busy to contribute to our communities. For a long time, I, too, believed it cost too much in time, money and energy to make a real difference. But all that changed when I 1 my good-deed-a-day project.
My daughter, Emily, was my primary 2 I wanted to show her we could do little things to help others, and be happy. The first week, I wasn't sure if I could 3 it. I surfed the Internet for ideas. One day, I 4 a blind man in the subway station. He smiled as he thanked me. Another day, I brought flowers from my garden to a local nursing home. I could only hope I was arousing 5 in others.
After just a few days, 6 I found it easier than I'd expected. I knew I was making a 7 .
Every evening at the dinner table, I 8 that day's good deed to Emily. Emily began 9 what I'd started. On a walk home from school, she 10 to a neighbour's pot of geraniums(天竺葵), which had toppled(摇晃)in the wind, and set it right. "That was my good deed for the day!" She yelled. Another day, she helped me collect 11 from our neighbours for the food bank. We dropped off the food and, 12 we drove away, Emily announced 13 that she wanted to work there one day.
By the last week, I knew I'd changed. At first, I hadn't been entirely 14 that I could do a good deed every day. Now it was practically second nature. I felt a greater responsibility to take action when I saw a need, 15 looking the other way. I felt as though I'd awakened, somehow.
1.A. stopped B. started C. forgot D. remembered
2.A. donation B. expectation C. celebration D. inspiration
3.A. get B. manage C. put D. appreciate
4.A. watched B. waited C. guided D. ordered
5.A. interest B. mercy C. awareness D. praise
6.A. though B. besides C. therefore D. also
7.A. discovery B. difference C. mistake D. fortune
8.A. reminded B. pointed C. recalled D. described
9.A. criticizing B. sharing C. laughing D. praising
10.A. marched over B. pulled over C. turned over D. fell over
11.A. money B. vegetables C. donations D. clothes
12.A. before B. since C. until D. as
13.A. proudly B. eagerly C. anxiously D. casually
14.A. concerned B. convinced C. expected D. persuaded
15.A. by means of B. regardless of C. as well as D. instead of
第二节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The world's longest cross-sea bridge—Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge(HZMB) opened on October 24, 2018. The Guardian described it as one of the ①__________(wonder) of the modern world. The HZMB, ②__________ links Hong Kong and Macao to Zhuhai, began in 2009 and cost about 120 billion yuan. It's designed ③__________ (have) a service life of 120 years, 20 years longer than most bridges. And it's not only a bridge, but also a part tunnel(隧道) and part island.
In one section, the bridge turns into a 6.7 km undersea tunnel that ④__________ (pass) through two man-made islands. The tunnel is the world's longest undersea tunnel for road traffic, ⑤__________ (allow) large ships to continue passing through the sea area above the tunnel. The bridge's engineers had to take many environmental factors ⑥__________ consideration in order to protect the surrounding environment while ⑦__________ (build) the bridge. The HZMB will make ⑧__________ much more convenient to shorten the travel time from Hong Kong to Zhuhai from four hours to about 45 minutes.
By drawing local cities and religions closer together, the bridge will help the area's development ⑨__________ (great). It is expected to drive the economic ⑩__________ (develop) of Hong Kong, Macao and nine cities in Guangdong.
第三部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节 （满分15分）
假设你是李华,在一家网店购买了一件羽绒服。昨天收到后发现羽绒服后背有个洞,你给卖家打了几次服务电话,对方电话却一直占线。请你给卖家Miss Mary写一封投诉信。内容包括:
1. 描述羽绒服的质量问题;
2. 提出解决问题的具体要求。
注意:
1.词数80左右;
2.可适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
参考词汇:羽绒服down jacket
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
第二节 （满分25分）
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。
The Robson Valley, where I live in the Canadian Rockies, has wonderful scenery of snow-covered mountains, ranches (牧场)and farms, which attracts hikers, snowmobilers and horseback riders. The valley is remote. In winter, temperature falls below freezing and more than 30 feet of snow falls on the highest mountains.
Last December, I got a call from my best friend, Monika Brown. "Two horses are trapped on Mount Renshaw," Monika told me. "Some snowmobilers spotted them high on the mountain. They're trapped in the snow and starving. Someone needs to get those horses down the mountain, or they'll die off there. "
I've loved horses since I was a girl. The thought that two horses would freeze to death on a mountain was too much to bear. I jumped up. "We must get there. They need someone who knows horses to look after them and feed them. I'll get in touch with my friends Sara and Matt. They're amazing snowmobilers."
Matt agreed right away to go up the mountain. After finding them, I covered the two horses with blankets and fed them with some hay personally. I was overjoyed. But then we faced an even bigger challenge. The horses were miles from the nearest road. We had to get the two horses out of the dangerous area before another snowstorm arrived.
Sara and Matt put forward a plan to dig a trench(沟) from the horse site to the nearest road, where we could walk them down the mountain. But just a handful of people waited on the scene. We spent the rest of the day digging and made a trench a few dozen meters long. At this rate it would take weeks to reach the road, about a kilometer away. A storm could blow up anytime. We needed more diggers. I sent out e-mails and made more phone calls to ask everyone I could think of for help.
Paragraph 1:
The very next day something amazing happened. _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2:
I put my hands on the horses' necks, saying, "They saved you." _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
答案以及解析
第一部分 阅读理解
第一节
A
答案：1-3.CCB
解析：1.细节理解题。由第二段中的The difference between Taobao and T-mall is that Taobao is mostly about middle, small size companies and individual merchants, while T-mall only allows certified large scale corporation merchants to sell goods on it. Thus the price of goods is commonly lower on Taobao but the quality is not always guaranteed. However, T-mall is the opposite, where the majority of items are a bit more expensive but have guaranteed quality.(淘宝和天猫之间的区别是,淘宝主要是中、小型企业和个体商户,而天猫只允许注册的大型企业商家在上面出售商品。因此,淘宝上的商品价格通常较低,但质量并不总是有保证。然而,天猫恰恰相反,那里的大多数商品都稍微贵一点,但质量有保证。)可知它们的销售规模和质量是不同的。故选C项。
2.细节理解题。由第三段中的Meanwhile, sells a lot of computer parts, providing installation advice services and installation assistance services, which differs from other retailers.(同时,京东卖很多电脑配件,提供安装建议服务和安装援助服务,不同于其他零售商。)可知,如果想买笔记本电脑硬件并且自己组装,适合在京东上购买,故选C项。
3.细节理解题。由最后一段中的Different from the aforementioned shopping sites, Suning has physical stores selling electronics across the nation and it focuses on synchronous development of online shopping and physical shopping.可知,苏宁易购的特点是有自己的实体店,故选B项。
B
答案：1-4.DACB
解析：1.细节理解题。根据第一段中的最后一句可知,作者在付账时,商家不让他用现金支付。A选项与文章信息不符;通过第一段中的As I dig into my wallet and start to pull out some cash可知,作者带了现金,因此B项错误;C项文章没有提及。故选D项。
2.细节理解题。根据第二段中的The use of cash in 2019 dropped by 3 percentage points可知,2019年美国现金使用率在下滑。根据第二段中的because cash is most likely to be used in small transactions可知,现金支付最有可能在小型交易中进行,B项说法太绝对,不符合文意;根据第二段中的it accounted for only 9 percent of the total payment value in the same year可知C项错误;D选项文中没有提及。故选A项。
3.推理判断题。根据第三段的主题句Nearly cashless societies are already a reality outside the US.可知,作者举瑞典和中国的例子是为了说明从全球来看,有些国家无现金支付普及率很高。故选C项。
4.推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的Critics argue that cashless establishments unfairly affect those who are less likely to have access to noncash payment methods可推断,并不是每个人都有条件选择无现金支付,因此无现金支付对某些社会群体不公平。A、C两项文中没有提及相关信息;由倒数第二段中的while a cashless society could decrease physical crimes可知,D项错误,无现金社会可以减少暴力犯罪。故选B项。
C
答案：1-4.DBAC
解析：1.推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句可知,汉字书写面临电脑和手机的威胁,而第二段紧接着讲述了一名大学毕业生求职时被一家公司拒绝,因为他在一份400字的手写简历中写错了24个字;接下来的几段说明了汉字书写面临威胁的原因。由此可推知,作者用这个例子是为了阐释汉字书写处在威胁之中的原因,A项“练习可以提高写作水平”,B项“为什么有些人是糟糕的作家”和C项“学生的书写有差异”都偏离了文章的意思。故选D。
2.推理判断题。根据第二段中的"character amnesia" "problem"及所列举的一个大学毕业生书写多个错误汉字的例子可推知,作者在此处表达受访者的汉字书写存在问题。故选B。根据第一、二段的内容可知,本文讨论的中心问题是汉字书写是否正确,而不是是否擅长书写或者对书写是否感兴趣,更不是在谈论找工作,故A、C、D三项错误。故选B。
3.细节理解题。根据第五段中的"The number of electronic devices in the classroom is thought to be another reason... to look up a character in an electronic dictionary"可知,该段描述的是学生对电子产品过于依赖的现象。B、C、D三项在本段中没有提及。故选A。
4.推理判断题。根据第六段的内容,尤其是第一句中的"pollution"可推知,作者对网络语言的使用持不赞成的态度。favorable赞成的;uncaring冷漠的;disapproving反对的;friendly友好的。故选C。
D
答案：1-4.DCCB
解析：1.细节理解题。由第一段巾的In just a few short years, globalization has started a variety of trends with profound consequences: the opening of markets, true global competition, widespread deregulation of industry, and an abundance of accessible capital.(在短短的几年时间里,全球化引发了各种各样的趋势,并产生了深远的影响:市场的开放、真正的全球竞争、对工业的普遍放松管制,以及大量可获得的资本)可知,在过去儿十年的商业环境中的变化可能是经济全球化引起的。故选D。
2.推理判断题。由第二段中的At the same time, we have fully entered the information age, starting breakthroughs in information technology, which have irreversibly altered the ability to conduct business unconstrained by the traditional limitations of time or space.(与此同时,我们已经完全进入了信息时代,开始了信息技术的突破,这些技术已经不可逆转地改变了不受时间或空间的传统限制进行商业活动的能力)可知,作者在第二段想要表达的是信息技术已经消除了商业交易中时间和空间的限制。故选C。
3.推理判断题。由第三段中的We are rapidly shifting from an economy based on manufacturing and commodities to one that places the greatest value on information, services, support, and distribution(我们正在迅速地从以制造业和商品为基础的经济向以信息、服务、支持和分销为最大价值的经济转变)可推知,如果一个企业想在后工业经济中蓬勃发展,不应该忽视信息、服务、支持和分销的重要性、故选C。
4.细节理解题。由第四段中的More companies are learning the importance of destructive technologies—innovations that hold the potential to make a product line, or even an entire business segment, virtually outdated.(更多的公司开始认识到破坏性技术的重要性——这些创新有可能使一条产品线,甚至整个业务部门实际上过时)可知,在作者看来,破坏性技术是可以消灭整个企业的创新。故选B。
第二节
答案：DAGBF
解析：①空前一句提到"In Asia, messaging platforms are growing rapidly, with users in the hundreds of millions, both at work and play.", D项在内容上承接上文, 且进一步说明了信息收发平台在全球范围内日益风行, D项符合语境。
②根据前句"Using emojis can add humor and feeling, keeping intention clear."和后半句"encouraging better and more frequent communication"可知, 这里陈述使用表情符号的优点。故A项符合语境。
③根据前句"In any given office, employees can range from age 22 to 70 and beyond, and finding common ground in communication style can be a challenge."可知, 在不同年龄的雇员之间找到沟通方式上的共同点可能是个挑战, G项则是针对该挑战的解决办法。
④根据前句"Who hasn't received an email so annoying that it ruined an entire day "和后文介绍表情符号的优点可知, 这里陈述电子邮件的缺点。故B项符合语境。
⑤根据后句"and emoji can contribute directly to that positive outcome"可知, 空处应该体现"that positive outcome", 也就是F项中的"a happier workplace"。故F项符合语境。
第二部分 语言知识运用
第一节
答案：1-5BDBCC 6-10ABDBA 11-15CDABD
解析：1.根据上下文可知,作者先前的看法在开始(start) “日行一善”的计划之后发生了改变,故选B项。
2.根据空后一句可知,女儿是作者行善的原动力 (primary inspiration),故选D项。
3.根据语境可知,作者刚开始“日行一善”,不确定能否成功。manage在此意为“完成”,故选B项。
4.根据语境可知,作者领着(guide) 一个盲人过地铁站,故选C项。
5.根据语境可知,作者希望通过自己的行动唤起他人心中(乐于助人)的意识(awareness),故选C项。
6.根据上文"The first week, I wasn't sure..."可知,此处指:然而(though)几天之后,作者发现“日行一善”要比预料的容易。though在此处为副词,表转折,故选A项。
7.通过几天的实践后,作者发现“日行一善”要比预料的容易,也知道自己正在产生影响(make a difference),故选B项。
8.作者晚上回家,把自己白天行善的事情讲述 (describe)给女儿听,故选D项。
9.作者言传身教,对女儿产生了影响,女儿埃米莉也开始参与(share)到“日行一善”的活动中来,故选B项。
10.女儿看到邻居家的花盆在风中摇摇欲坠,走上前去(march over),伸手扶正,故选A项。
11.根据下文的“food bank”可知,这里是指女儿帮助作者收集社区邻居的捐赠(donation),故选C项。
12.根据语境可知,当(as)“我们”离开时,女儿自豪地(proudly)说将来要在这里工作,故选D项。
13.句意参见上题解析,故选A项。
14.根据上文可知,作者开始并不完全相信自己能完成“日行一善”的计划。convince信服,故选B项。
15.每次看到有需要帮助的时候,作者就感到有施以援手的责任,而不是(instead of)听之任之,故选D项。
第二节
答案：wonders; which; to have; passes; allowing; into; building; it; greatly; development
解析：本文是一篇说明文,主题语境为人与社会。文章主要介绍了连接香港、珠海和澳门的港珠澳大桥以及建成后对周边地区的影响。
①考查名词的数。空前有one of the修饰,应用名词复数形式,故填wonders。
②考查定语从句。The HZMB是主句的主语,主句的谓语是后面的began,由此判断,中间是一个非限制性定语从句,从句中缺少主语,指代空前的The HZMB,指物,故填which。
③考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知,be designed to do为固定搭配,故填to have。
④考查动词时态和主谓一致。此处是定语从句中的谓语动词,主语that指代tunnel(单数),由语境可知该句应用一般现在时,故填passes。
⑤考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知 _______ large ships to continue passing through the sea area above the tunnel(允许大型船舶继续通过隧道上方海域)为现在分词作状语,故填allowing。
⑥考查介词。take... into consideration为固定搭配,意为:考虑到,顾及,故填into。
⑦考查状语从句。分析句子结构可知,while _______ the bridge为省略的状语从句,省略了主语和be动词,故填building。
⑧考查代词。由句子结构可知,此处是形式宾语,真正的宾语为后面的动词不定式。由make+it+adj.+to do结构可知,此处填it。
⑨考查副词。此处表示:这座大桥能极大地帮助该地区的发展。该词修饰动词help,应用副词形式,故填greatly。
⑩考查名词。空前有the economic修饰,此处应用名词形式,故填development。
第三部分 写作
第一节
答案：
Dear Miss Mary,
I am writing to complain about the down jacket I purchased from your online store recently.
When checking the jacket, I found an obvious hole on the back. I dialed your service number several times, only to find it was busy, making me extremely annoyed. I'd like you to either change it for a new one or give me a full refund. By the way, how shall I send this jacket back to you
Looking forward to your early reply.
Yours,
Li Hua
第二节
答案：
Paragraph 1:
The very next day something amazing happened. Just when I wondered when the clear weather would come, help arrived. People from every part of the Robson Valley gradually turned up to dig. Snowmobilers, ranchers, farmers, everyone took a shovel, boarded a snowmobile and headed up the mountain. The temperature dropped to 40 degrees below zero but still people came. At last, the trench was completed. We walked the two horses to the nearest road, then to the stable.
Paragraph 2:
I put my hands on the horses' necks, saying, "They saved you.'' And then I realized they had saved us too. What moved me was that on the last day of digging, when it seemed as if the entire Robson Valley was on the horses' side, people I'd never met before dug snow out to keep the rescue efforts going. A community of individuals came together as one. It was the best gift our beautiful, remote valley could ask for.
2