外研版（2019）必修第二册单Unit 6 Earth first A卷 基础夯实元达标测试卷（含解析）

Unit 6 Earth first A卷 基础夯实—2023-2024学年高一英语外研版（2019）必修第二册单元达标测试卷
考试时间：90分钟
满分：120分
第一部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Write a poem about how courage, determination, and strength have helped you face challenges in your life.
Prizes
3 Grand Prizes: Trip to Washington, D.C. for each of three winners, a parent and one other person of the winner's choice. Trip includes round-trip air tickets, hotel stay for two nights, and tours of the National Air and Space Museum and the office of National Geographic World.
6 First Prizes: The book Sky Pioneer: A Photobiography of Amelia Earhart signed by author Corinne Szabo and pilot Linda Finch.
50 Honorable Mentions: Judges will choose up to 50 honorable mention winners, who will each receive a T-shirt in memory of Earhart's final flight.
Rules
Follow all rules carefully to prevent disqualification.
■Write a poem using 100 words or fewer. Your poem can be any format, any number of lines.
■Write by hand or type on a single sheet of paper. You may use both the front and back of the paper.
■On the same sheet of paper, write or type your name, address, telephone number, and birth date.
■Mail your entry to us by October 31 this year.
1.How many people can each grand prize winner take on the free trip
A.Two. B.Three. C.Four. D.Six.
2.What will each of the honorable mention winners get
A.A plane ticket. B.A book by Corinne Szabo.
C.A special T-shirt. D.A photo of Amelia Earhart.
3.Which of the following will result in disqualification
A.Typing your poem out. B.Writing a poem of 120 words.
C.Using both sides of the paper. D.Mailing your entry on October 30.
B
There was a gardener who looked after his garden with great care. To water his flowers, he used two buckets(桶). One was a shiny and new bucket. The other was a very old and dilapidated one, which had seen many years of service, but was now past its best.
Every morning, the gardener would fill up the two buckets. Then he would carry them along the path, one on each side, to the flowerbeds. The new bucket was very proud of itself. It could carry a full bucket of water without a single drop spilled(溢出). The old bucket felt very ashamed because of its holes: before it reached the flowerbeds, much water had leaked along the path.
Sometimes the new bucket would say, "See how capable I am! How good it is that the gardener has me to water the flowers every day! I don't know why he still bothers with you. What a waste of space you are!"
And all that the old bucket could say was, "I know I'm not very useful, but I can only do my best. I'm happy that the gardener still finds a little bit of use in me, at least."
One day, the gardener heard that kind of conversation. After watering the flowers as usual, he said, "You both have done your work very well. Now I am going to carry you back. I want you to look carefully along the path."
Then the two buckets did so. All along the path, they noticed, on the side where the new bucket was carried, there was just bare(光秃秃的) earth; on the other side where the old bucket was carried, there was a joyous row of wild flowers, leading all the way to the garden.
1.What does the underlined word "dilapidated" probably mean
A.Great. B.Dark. C.Worn-out. D.Excellent.
2.What was the old bucket ashamed of
A.His past. B.His aging. C.His manner. D.His leaking.
3.The new bucket made conversations with the old one mainly to _________.
A.laugh at the old one B.take pity on the old one
C.show off its beautiful looks D.praise the gardener's kindness
4.Why was the old bucket still kept by the gardener
A.Because it was used to keep a balance. B.Because it stayed in its best condition.
C.Because it was taken as a treasure. D.Because it had its own function.
C
The world's animal populations have decreased by more than two-thirds since 1970, according to recent research from the World Wildlife Fund (WWF).
The London group provided information on 32,000 wildlife populations which included more than 5,000 species. The researchers found that population sizes had reduced by 69 percent on average. They said the loss of forests, human exploitation(开发) of the environment, pollution, and climate change were major causes of the loss. Land-use change is still the biggest threat to wildlife. However, the researchers added, "If we cannot limit warming to 1.5℃, climate change is likely to become the primary cause of biodiversity(生物多样性) loss in the coming years."
Wildlife populations in Latin America and the Caribbean Sea area were greatly affected. The research showed a 94 percent drop in those areas in over 50 years. Wildlife populations in river and lake habitats decreased the most. Freshwater populations have reduced by an average of 83 percent since1970. For example, the population of pink river dolphins in the Amazon River area of Brazil fell by 65percent between 1994 and 2016.
These findings are a red flag that warns of a larger system failure on the horizon. Even one species' population reduction can affect other species, eventually impacting the ecosystem's ability to function. Humans depend on a stable climate, predictable weather patterns, and productive farmland and fisheries to develop, but the current trends are severe enough to threaten many life-sustaining systems.
Our future depends on reversing(扭转) the loss of nature just as much as it depends on addressing climate change. And you can't solve one without solving the other. Everyone plays a role in reversing these trends, from individuals to companies to governments. If nothing changes, animal populations will undoubtedly continue to fall, driving wildlife to extinction and threatening the wholeness of the ecosystems on which we all depend.
1.What has been the greatest threat to wildlife populations recently
A.Illegal hunting. B.Global warming.
C.Land-use change. D.Environmental pollution.
2.How does the author explain the reduction of freshwater wildlife in Paragraph 3
A.By listing figures. B.By analyzing the causes.
C.By making a comparison. D.By referring to a concept.
3.What can we learn from Paragraph 4
A.Climate change threatens many wild animals.
B.Farmland is the basis of life-sustaining systems.
C.Extreme weather events have become more frequent.
D.Species variety is important to maintain a stable ecosystem.
4.What is the main purpose of the text
A.To explain the difficulty of restoring ecosystems.
B.To call on people to take action to protect nature.
C.To present the increasing trend of climate change.
D.To show people's efforts in making up for the loss of nature.
D
When I was eight years old, I entered an art contest hosted by the International Fund for Animal Welfare (IFAW) and I won. I was so excited, but I didn't even know what "endangered" meant at that time. That night, I asked my mom and we found out there were over 6,000 endangered species! I felt sad and angry. I told my mom I would like to help save them from extinction. She asked me, "How " And I told her my plan.
She said once I painted ten, she'd create a Facebook page for me. To my mom's surprise, I had 10 paintings done in 5 days. My Facebook page becomes a platform where I publish new works, share my opinions and raise people's environmental awareness.
Facebook reporters came to interview me and wrote my story and then many other websites shared it, making me shoot to fame overnight. My Facebook followers increased rapidly and some offered me money to hold an art exhibition. One of my paintings was sold at the Wolf Conservation Center at auction(拍卖) for $25,000 this summer.
By the age of 13, I have created more than three hundred paintings of endangered species. I use my website to sell them, and I also donate(捐赠) them and auction them to raise money to support the organizations I work with like IFAW, the Wolf Conservation Center in New York and Jane Goodall's Roots & Shoots. I did a lot of research before choosing those organizations because I wanted to make sure the money I donated would be used for protecting wildlife and their natural homes. Those organizations have helped my dreams come true. Up to now I have donated $69,000, and my goal is $100,000.
We all have an important role to play and if we work together, we will change the world. We need to be brave and original; we should stand out and speak up. It isn't always easy or popular but being true to ourselves is the bravest thing we can do.
1.What plan did the author most probably tell her mother
A.To find out the number of endangered species.
B.To raise people's awareness of animal protection.
C.To establish a Facebook page for endangered species.
D.To sell her paintings to help save endangered species.
2.Which of the following has the closest meaning to the underlined part "shoot to fame" in Paragraph 3
A.Highly stressed. B.Make a fortune.
C.Widely known. D.Go wild with delight.
3.Which of the following best describes the author
A.Talented and caring. B.Patient and brave.
C.Independent and creative. D.Friendly and concerned.
4.What can we learn from the author's experience
A.We should learn to be more creative.
B.We should express our opinions bravely.
C.We should raise money to support organizations.
D.We should try our best to make the world a better place.
第二节 （共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
The world has a plastic problem—and it is increasing. ①_____ But in the meantime, here are five things you can do to reduce plastic waste now.
1.Quit using plastic bags. Instead, take your own reusable shopping bag to the store. People use a trillion plastic bags worldwide every year. About 10 percent are used in the United States alone. That's almost one plastic bag per American per day. ②_____ In 1993, Denmark was the first country to place a tax(税) on plastic bags. Today, other countries either make customers pay for plastic bags or have banned them completely.
2.Skip the plastic straw. Today, around 8.3 billion plastic straws pollute the world's beaches. ③_____ In 2018, Seattle became the first major U.S. city to ban plastic straws, and many other cities are set to follow its example.
3.Don't use plastic bottles. Buy a reusable bottle and fill it with any type of beverage you like. ④_____ Globally, however, people still buy nearly a million plastic bottles every minute.
4.Avoid plastic packaging. Buy bar soap instead of liquid soap in plastic containers. Don't buy fruit or vegetables in plastic packaging. In the United Kingdom, leaders are calling for supermarkets to have plastic-free areas. They also want to tax plastic takeout containers.
5.Recycle. We can't recycle all plastic items, but it is possible to recycle most bottles and milk or juice cartons. Today, Norway recycles 97 percent of its plastic bottles. ⑤_____
A.Likewise, each Dane uses four plastic bags per day on average.
B.In contrast, each Dane used four single-use bags per year on average.
C.So when you order a drink, say no to the straw, or bring your own reusable one.
D.However, there are still loads of people ignoring the seriousness of it.
E.Scientists are working to find a long-term solution by making plastic more biodegradable(可生物降解的).
F.Some cities, like Bundanoon in Australia and San Francisco in the U.S. have completely or partially banned bottled water.
G.How Machines at most supermarkets take the bottles and give a refund(退款) of up to 2.5 kroner(32 cents) per bottle.
第二部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Some of the greatest problems we face today are concerned with the gradual destruction(破坏) of our environment through overuse of our 1 . So my family do what we can. We take cloth bags to stores instead of using plastic bags. We walk where we don't have to 2 .
But when I'm the only one with a cloth bag in line at the grocery store, I ask myself: Does it do any good
I recently found the answer from flamingos(火烈鸟). These beautiful birds gather in 3 groups of a thousand or more. Every year, when the time comes for migration(迁徙), a few flamingos start the process by 4 from the lake. But 5 of the others seem to notice, so the tiny group returns.
However, the next day they 6 again. This time a few more struggle along with them, but the vast majority 7 no attention, so these pioneers come back.
The trend continues for several more days. Every time a few more birds join in but, since the thousands of others 8 take no notice, the great migration plan is once again 9 .
Then one day, things 10 . The same small group of birds takes wing and a tiny number more join in, just as before. This time their total number is enough to tip the balance(扭转局势). As one, the whole group takes flight and the migration 11 .
A few can make a 12 . It's true that all of the great problems of the world have been solved because of the 13 efforts of a few.
If you believe in a cause, don't 14 . Others will someday notice and 15 we will solve even our greatest problems.
1.A. money B. resources C. time D. strength
2.A. drive B. run C. cycle D. stand
3.A. tiny B. different C. huge D. similar
4.A. cutting off B. getting up C. carrying out D. taking off
5.A. all B. any C. none D. most
6.A. gather B. try C. sing D. appear
7.A. attract B. require C. escape D. pay
8.A. still B. yet C. even D. never
9.A. prepared B. handled C. cancelled D. delayed
10.A. approach B. work C. change D. disappear
11.A. continues B. fails C. finishes D. begins
12.A. point B. decision C. difference D. mistake
13.A. useless B. tireless C. total D. special
14.A. give up B. give away C. get over D. get off
15.A. jointly B. independently C. peacefully D. wildly
第二节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
In ancient China lived an artist ①__________ paintings were almost lifelike. The artist's reputation had made him proud. One day the emperor wanted to get his portrait done so he called all great artists to come and present their ②__________ (fine) work, so that he could choose the best. The artist was sure he would ③__________ (choose), but when he presented his masterpiece to the emperor's chief minister, the old man laughed. The wise old man told him to travel to the Li River—perhaps he could learn a little from the greatest artist in the world.
Filled with ④__________ (curious), the artist packed his bags and left. ⑤__________ he asked the villagers on the banks of the river where he could find the legendary(传奇的) artist, they smiled and ⑥__________ (point) down the river. The next morning he hired a boat and set out ⑦__________ (find) the well-known painter. As the small boat moved, ⑧__________ (gentle) along the river he was left speechless by the mountains being silently reflected in the water. He passed milky white waterfalls and mountains in many shades of blue. And when he saw the mists rising from the river and the soft clouds ⑨__________ (surround) the mountain tops, he was reduced to tears. The artist was finally humbled(谦卑) by the greatest artist ⑩__________ Earth, Mother Nature.
第三部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节 （满分15分）
假定你是李华,请结合以下信息,给21st Century报社写一份倡议书,倡议大家关注野生动物的保护。内容包括:
1.野生动物减少或灭绝的原因;
2.需要采取的措施;
3.提出倡议。
注意:
1.词数80左右;
2.可适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
第二节 （满分25分）
阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。
I've had the pleasure and good fortune to live and work in several countries as an ESL (English as a Second Language) teacher. During one assignment(分派的任务), I lived in Prague in the Czech Republic. I often took weekend trips to nearby cities to explore the countryside.
On a weekend, I took a three-hour bus ride to visit a city with a fine castle(城堡) and wonderful museums. Before I got off the bus, I checked the schedule in order to come back to the station timely; I was only planning a day trip and did not intend to stay overnight.
After a wonderful day seeing the sights, I had a brief dinner and had plenty of time to walk the half mile to catch the 6:15 bus. When I got there, no one was in line for the bus to Prague. Finally, I discovered the last bus for the day had left at 5:15.
This was a serious problem. About a month earlier, my pocket was picked and I lost about 1,000 dollars. To avoid having the same thing happen again, I only carried enough cash to cover my expenses for the day. I certainly did not have enough money to stay in a hotel- But with no transportation to Prague and being a positive person, I decided to try asking.
I first found the Youth Hotel, but it was completely full. Setting aside 5 crowns for the bus fare, I had 9 crowns to spend. Every hotel I tried to check into charged 22 to 25 crowns, until I had only one more recommendation. If it was too expensive, I'd have to spend the night on a park bench, an uncomfortable idea for someone almost 60 years old.
The hotel looked much nicer than I expected. It would surely cost more than 9 crowns. The desk clerk spoke some English, so I told her my story.
The clerk listened carefully, and then asked me to wait.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
I was deeply moved by the manager's kindness and generosity.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
答案以及解析
第一部分 阅读理解
第一节
A
答案：ACB
1.答案：A
解析：细节理解题。根据Prizes部分中第一段中的"Trip to Washington, D.C. for each of three winners, a parent and one other person of the winner's choice."可知, 每位特等奖获奖者都可以带自己的父母中的一个人且可自选另一个人参加这次免费的旅行。故选A项。
2.答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据Prizes部分中第三段可知, 每位荣誉奖获奖者都将获得一件纪念埃尔哈特最后一次飞行的T恤衫。故选C项。
3.答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据最后一部分中的"Follow all rules carefully to prevent disqualification."以及"Write a poem using 100 words or fewer."可知, 所写的诗词数不能超过100。否则, 将会被取消资格。故选B项。
B
答案：CDAD
解析：1.词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句及后一句可知,该词意思与old相近,是指这只桶是破旧的,下文"The old bucket felt very ashamed because of its holes"也给了提示,故选C。
2.细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句可知,旧桶对自己的漏水很羞愧,故选D。
3.推理判断题。根据第三段中的"'See how capable I am!...you are!'(看看我多有能力!园丁让我每天给花浇水,真是太好了!我不知道为什么他仍然使用你。你真是浪费空间!)"可推知,新桶与旧桶对话主要是为了嘲笑旧桶,故选A。
4.推理判断题。根据文章最后一段可知,这只旧桶也有作用和价值,因为漏水,它浇灌了通向花园的路边的花草,故它的存在仍然是有价值的,故选D。
C
答案：CADB
1.答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Land-use change is still the biggest threat to wildlife.(土地利用变化仍然是野生动物面临的最大威胁。)”可知,最近野生动物种群面临的最大威胁是土地利用变化。故选C。
2.答案：A
解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Freshwater populations have reduced by an average of 83 percent since 1970. For example... fell by 65 percent between1994 and 2016.(自1970年以来,淡水种群平均减少了83%。例如,从1994年到2016年,巴西亚马孙河地区的粉红河豚数量下降了65%。)”可推断,作者主要通过列举数字来解释淡水野生动物的减少。故选A。
3.答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Even one species’ population reduction can affect other species, eventually impacting the ecosystem's ability to function.(甚至一个物种的数量减少也会影响到其他物种,最终影响到生态系统的运作能力。)”可知,物种多样性对维持稳定地生态系统很重要。故选D。
4.答案：B
解析：推理判断题。文章最后一段提到“从个人到公司再到政府,每个人在扭转这些趋势方面都发挥着作用。如果没有任何改变,动物的数量无疑将继续下降,导致野生动物灭绝,并威胁到我们所有人赖以生存的生态系统的整体性”,结合全文对野生动物数量减少的介绍可推断,本文的主要目的是呼吁人们采取行动保护自然。故选B。
D
答案：1-4. DCAD
1.答案：D
解析：推理判断题。根据第一段中的“I told my mom I would like to help save them from extinction. She asked me, ‘How ’ And I told her my plan.”可知“我”告诉了母亲“我”的帮助拯救濒危物种的计划。根据第二段内容及倒数第二段前两句可知,作者创作了许多画并发表在Facebook上,通过Facebook 来卖掉它们,以此来筹钱支持那些保护野生动物的组织。根据倒数第二段中的“I did a lot of research...make sure the money I donated would be used for protecting wildlife and their natural homes.”可知在选择这些组织之前,“我”做了很多研究,以确保“我”捐的钱会被用来保护野生动物和它们的家园。由此推测,D项(卖掉她的画来帮助拯救濒危物种)符合题意。故选D。
2.答案：C
解析：词义猜测题。根据第三段画线部分所在句的后一句“My Facebook followers increased rapidly and some offered me money to hold an art exhibition.(我Facebook上的粉丝迅速增加,有些人还出钱让我办艺术展。)”可知,“我”在Facebook上发布的画使“我”变得出名。由此推测,“making me shoot to fame”意为“让我一举成名”。由此可知画线部分意为“一举成名”,“Widely known”符合题意。故选C。
3.答案：A
解析：推理判断题。根据倒数第二段前两句话的内容可知,作者在13岁时画了300多幅濒危物种的画,并将其出售、捐赠、拍卖以支持各类动物保护组织救助野生动物。由此推知,作者是有才华的、有爱心的。故选A(有才能且有爱心的)。B.有耐心且勇敢的;C.独立且有创造性的;D.友好且忧虑的。
4.答案：D
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“We all have an important role to play and if we work together, we will change the world.”可知,我们都可以发挥重要作用,如果我们共同努力,我们将改变世界。再结合作者为拯救野生动物所做的努力可知,从作者的经历中我们能学到我们应该尽最大努力使世界变得更美好。故选D。
第二节
答案：①-⑤EBCFG
解析：①细节句。根据设空处前文“世界上存在塑料问题,而且这个问题正日益严重”和后文“但与此同时,你现在可以做五件事情来减少塑料垃圾”可知,第一段主要介绍的是全球面临着塑料污染问题,我们要做些事情来解决这一问题。E项“科学家们正在努力通过使塑料更具生物降解性来找到一个长期的解决方案”符合语境,逻辑通畅,说明科学家和普通人两方面的情况,在科学家们寻找解决方案的同时,普通人也可有所作为。故选E。
②过渡句。根据设空处前文“仅在美国就使用了约10%。那几乎是每个美国人每天使用一个塑料袋”可知,前文介绍的是美国人均每天使用塑料袋的数量。设空处后一句介绍的是丹麦关于使用塑料袋的政策。B项“相比之下,每个丹麦人平均每年使用四个一次性塑料袋”与前后文话题一致,且逻辑合理,承上启下,故选B。
③细节句。根据段落小标题可知,本段围绕“不要用塑料吸管”展开,C项“所以当你点饮料时,不要用吸管,或者带上你自己的可重复使用的吸管”不仅围绕本段主题展开,而且和前文是合理的因果关系。故选C。
④细节句。根据段落小标题可知,本段围绕“不要使用塑料瓶”展开,F项“一些城市,如澳大利亚的本达农和美国的旧金山,已经完全或部分禁止瓶装水”符合段落主旨,且与下文内容(然而,在全球范围内,人们仍然每分钟购买近一百万个塑料瓶)形成转折关系。故选F。
⑤细节句。根据上文“今天,挪威回收了97%的塑料瓶”可知,上文介绍了挪威在塑料瓶回收上取得的成就。G项“怎样做到的 大多数超市的机器都会回收瓶子,每个瓶子最多退款2.5克朗(32美分)”能够承接上文,介绍了挪威是如何取得这一成就的。故选G。
第二部分 语言知识运用
第一节
1-5.BABDC; 6-10.ACBDC; 11-15.BDACC
1.答案：B
解析：money金钱;resource资源;time时间;strength力量。句意:我们今天面临的一些最严重的问题与通过过度使用资源对环境的逐渐破坏有关。根据上文“the gradual destruction of our environment through overuse of our”可知是因为过度使用资源对环境逐渐造成了破坏。故选B。
2.答案：A
解析：drive开车,驾驶;run奔跑;cycle循环;stand站立。句意:我们走路去不必开车就能到的地方。结合上文“We take cloth bags to stores instead of using plastic bags. We walk where we don't have to”可知作者一家尽可能环保出行,能走路去就不开车。故选A。
3.答案：C
解析：tiny微小的;different不同的;huge巨大的;similar相似的。根据后文“groups of a thousand or more”可知这些鸟数量庞大。故选C。
4.答案：D
解析：cut off切断;get up起床;carryout实施;take off起飞,成功。结合常识和上文“when the time comes for migration, a few flamingos start the process by”可知几只火烈鸟到了迁徙的时候就会从湖上起飞,且下文的“As one, the whole group takes flight”也是提示。故选D。
5.答案：C
解析：根据后文“so the tiny group returns”可推知,其他的鸟没有注意到它们要迁徙的行为。none of(三者或三者以上)都不,没有一个。故选C。
6.答案：B
解析：gather聚集;try尝试;sing唱歌;appear出现。句意:然而,第二天它们又试了一次。根据后文again可推知这一小群鸟又尝试了一次迁徙。故选B。
7.答案：D
解析：attract吸引;require需要;escape逃跑;pay (attention)注意。此处对应上文,因为其他鸟没有注意到它们,所以这些先驱者又回来了。pay no attention没注意。故选D。
8.答案：A
解析：still仍然;yet然而;even甚至;never从不。上文两次提到其他很多鸟没有注意到迁徙,再结合后文“take no notice”可知成千上万的其他鸟仍然(still)没有注意到。故选A。
9.答案：D
解析：prepare准备;handle处理;cancel取消;delay推迟。因为大部分鸟还是没有注意到,没飞成功,所以迁徙计划被推迟了。故选D。
10.答案：C
解析：approach靠近;work工作;change改变;disappear消失。句意:然后有一天,事情改变了。结合后文“This time their total number is enough to tip the balance.”可知,这一天事情有了改变。故选C。
11.答案：D
解析：continue继续;fail失败;finish结束;begin开始。句意:作为一个整体,整个种群开始飞行,迁徙开始了。故选D。
12.答案：C
解析：point要点;decision决定;difference差异;mistake错误。句意:小部分人也可以产生影响。根据下文可知,小部分人的努力也可能解决巨大的问题,产生重大影响。make a difference有影响,有关系。故选C。
13.答案：B
解析：useless无用的;tireless不知疲倦的;total完全的;special特别的。正是因为那些少数先驱者一次又一次不知疲倦的尝试,最后火烈鸟大军才成功迁徙。故选B。
14.答案：A
解析：give up放弃;give away赠送;get over解决;get off离开。从那些火烈鸟先驱者的身上我们学到的是永不放弃的精神。故选A。
15.答案：A
解析：jointly共同地;independently独立地;peacefully平静地;wildly野蛮地。根据上文可知,最终火烈鸟一起进行了伟大的迁徙,再结合后文“we will solve even our greatest problems”可知是指共同解决最大的问题。故选A。
第二节
答案：whose; finest; be chosen; curiosity; When/ As; pointed; to find; gently; surrounding; on
解析：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了中国古代一位画家被“自然母亲”这个最伟大的艺术家所折服的故事。
①考查定语从句引导词。句意:中国古代有一位艺术家,他的画栩栩如生。分析句子的语法结构可知,此处为定语从句,修饰先行词artist,关系词在从句中作定语,修饰名词paintings。所以此处应使用关系代词whose来引导定语从句。
②考查形容词最高级。句意:一天,皇帝想要自己的画像,于是他把所有的艺术家们都召来,让他们展示最好的作品,以便于他能选择出最好的。根据句意并结合后半句中的the best可知,此处应使用所给形容词的最高级形式finest。
③考查动词的语态。句意:这位画家确信他会被选中。本句中的主语he与谓语动词choose构成被动关系,且would后应使用动词原形。所以空处应使用所给词原形的被动式be chosen。
④ 考查名词。句意:这位艺术家充满了好奇心,收拾行装离开了。根据句子的语法结构可知,介词with后面要接名词来作其宾语。所以此处应使用所给词的名词形式curiosity。
⑤考查状语从句引导词。句意:当他问河边的村民他在哪里能找到那位传奇的艺术家时,他们笑了,并指向了那条河。根据句子的语法结构可知,本句为时间状语从句,表示“当……的时候”,且从句中的动词asked为短暂性动作动词,不能用while引导。所以此处应使用when或as来引导时间状语从句。
⑥考查动词的时态。根据句子的语法结构可知,空处与and前的smiled作并列谓语,时态为一般过去时。所以此处应使用所给词的一般过去式pointed。
⑦考查非谓语动词。句意:第二天早晨,他租了一艘船,出发去寻找那位著名的艺术家。根据句意可知,空处作目的状语。set out to do sth是固定搭配,意为“出发去做某事”。所以此处应使用所给词的不定式形式to find。
⑧考查副词。句意:当这艘小船沿着河流缓缓移动的时候,他无法形容水面上静静倒映着的山。分析句子的语法结构可知,此处应使用所给词的副词形式gently作状语,修饰动词moved。
⑨考查非谓语动词。句意:当他看到河面上升起的薄雾,以及山顶围绕着的云彩时,他泪流满面。根据句子的语法结构可知,空处与前面的rising并列,作定语,修饰各自前面的名词,且surround和逻辑主语clouds之间是主动关系。所以此处应使用所给词的现在分词形式surrounding。
⑩考查介词。句意:最终,地球上最伟大的艺术家——自然母亲,让这位艺术家感到谦卑。根据句意可知,on Earth意为“在地球上”。所以此处应使用介词on。
第三节
答案：
As we all know, more and more wildlife is faced with extinction, whose habitats are becoming smaller as new roads and railways were built. Even worse, to make profits, hunters are killing wildlife.
It is urged that we should change our way of life and protect the habitats of wildlife. Besides, when the buying stops, the killing can too. If everyone refuses any product made from wildlife, the killing can be stopped.
Only when we learn to exist in harmony with nature can we stop being a threat to wildlife. Let's take action now.
第二节
The clerk listened carefully, and then asked me to wait. A woman came out and introduced herself in very good English. She was the hotel manager and asked what she could do to help me. Again I told my story and made an offer. I promised if I could stay overnight, I would give her 9 crowns and mail the rest to her the next day. She said I was welcome to stay, and that she would accept what I had in my pocket as the total payment for a room. Then she added, "If you need some money for dinner, I will be happy to give you some of my own so that you can have a proper meal!"
I was deeply moved by the manager's kindness and generosity. I could barely manage to express my deepest gratitude. As a result, I spent the night in a clean and tastefully decorated room, rather than a cold, hard park bench. As soon as I got back to Prague, I wrote the manager a note of thanks for her thoughtfulness. She reminded me that kindness and unselfishness are international characteristics. It has been the most wonderful trip for me so far!
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