外研版（2019）必修 第二册Unit 6 Earth first B卷 能力提升（含答案）
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Unit 6 Earth first B卷 能力提升—2023-2024学年高一英语外研版（2019）必修第二册单元达标测试卷
考试时间：90分钟
满分：120分
第一部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
A Tour Around Tasmania, Australia
Come to Tasmania, Australia for a great tour around the coasts, wetlands, rain forests, national parks and mountains in search of its unique wildlife and beautiful scenery.
Expect to see different types of wildlife from little penguins to masses of birds. With just 10 places available, all guests will have a deeply personal experience, in a friendly atmosphere designed to have a low effect on the places visited.
Tour Details:
◎Lasting up to 12 days
◎Traveling on foot and by boat
◎A small group tour with just 10 guests
◎Led throughout by biologist Nick Mooney
◎Seeing some unusual and endangered wildlife
◎Staying in 4-star hotels, wood-built rainforest houses and farms
◎Visiting Mount Field National Park, Cradle Mountain, Maria Island and Bruny Island
The tour is perfect for those nature-lovers, as it acts as a dramatic introduction to Tasmania's amazing plants and animals and how it is being protected while allowing those with a deep understanding of wildlife protection to observe a great many species on land, in the sky and at sea.
Email to wildlife@ to book now and we will provide you with more information.
1.What do we know about the tour
A.It is guided by a biologist. B.It lasts ten days.
C.It offers hotels for free. D.It offers a bus.
2.What should people do on the tour
A.Protect nature. B.Feed wildlife.
C.Stay away from forests. D.Visit twelve destinations.
3.How should the tour be booked
A.By phone. B.By email.
C.By posting a letter. D.By going to a travel company.
B
The connection between people and plants has long been the subject of scientific research. Recent studies have found positive effects. A study conducted in Youngstown, Ohio, for example, discovered that greener areas of the city experienced less crime. In another, employees were shown to be 15% more productive when their workplaces were decorated with houseplants.
The engineers at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) have taken it a step further—changing the actual composition of plants in order to get them to perform diverse, even unusual functions. These include plants that have sensors printed onto their leaves to show when they're short of water and a plant that can detect harmful chemicals in groundwater. "We're thinking about how we can engineer plants to replace functions of the things that we use every day," explained Michael Strano, a professor of chemical engineering at MIT.
One of his latest projects has been to make plants glow (发光) in experiments using some common vegetables. Strano's team found that they could create a faint light for three-and-a-half hours. The light, about one-thousandth of the amount needed to read by, is just a start. The technology, Strano said, could one day be used to light the rooms or even to turn trees into self-powered street lamps.
In the future, the team hopes to develop a version of the technology that can be sprayed onto plant leaves in a one-off treatment that would last the plant’s lifetime. The engineers are also trying to develop an on and off "switch" where the glow would fade when exposed to daylight.
Lighting accounts for about 7% of the total electricity consumed in the US. Since lighting is often far removed from the power source(电源)—such as the distance from a power plant to street lamps on a remote highway—a lot of energy is lost during transmission(传输). Glowing plants could reduce this distance and therefore help save energy.
1.What is the first paragraph mainly about
A.A new study of different plants. B.A big fall in crime rates
C.Employees from various workplaces. D.Benefits from green plants.
2.What is the function of the sensors printed on plant leaves by MIT engineers
A.To detect plants' lack of water. B.To change compositions of plants.
C.To make the life of plants longer. D.To test chemicals in plants.
3.What can we expect of the glowing plants in the future
A.They will speed up energy production.
B.They may transmit electricity to the home.
C.They might help reduce energy consumption.
D.They could take the place of power plants.
4.Which of the following can be the best title for the text
A.Can we grow more glowing plants
B.How do we live with glowing plants
C.Could glowing plants replace lamps
D.How are glowing plants made pollution-free
C
Bacteria are an annoying problem for astronauts. The microorganisms(微生物) from our bodies grow uncontrollably on surfaces of the International Space Station, so astronauts spend hours cleaning them up each week. How is NASA overcoming this very tiny big problem It’s turning to a bunch of high school kids. But not just any kids. It’s depending on NASA HUNCH high school class, like the one science teachers Gene Gordon and Donna Himmelberg lead at Fairport High School in Fairport, New York.
HUNCH is designed to connect high school classrooms with NASA engineers. For the past two years, Gordon’s students have been studying ways to kill bacteria in zero gravity, and they think they’re close to a solution. "We don’t give the students any breaks. They have to do it just like NASA engineers," says Florence Gold, a project manager.
"There are no tests," Gordon says. "There is no graded homework. There almost are no grades, other than 'Are you working towards your goal ' Basically, it’s 'I’ve got to produce this product and then, at the end of year, present it to NASA.' Engineers come and really do an in-person review, and...it’s not a very nice thing at time. It’s a hard business review of your product."
Gordon says the HUNCH program has an impact on college admissions and practical life skills. "These kids are so absorbed in their studies that I just sit back. I don’t teach." And that annoying bacteria Gordon says his students are emailing daily with NASA engineers about the problem, readying a workable solution to test in space.
1.What do we know about the bacteria in the International Space Station
A.They are hard to get rid of. B.They lead to air pollution.
C.They appear in different forms. D.They damage the instruments.
2.What is the purpose of the HUNCH program
A.To strengthen teacher-student relationships. B.To sharpen students' communication skills.
C.To allow students to experience zero gravity. D.To link space technology with school education.
3.What do the NASA engineers do for the students in the program
A.Check their product. B.Guide project designs.
C.Adjust work schedules. D.Grade their homework.
4.What is the best title for the text
A.NASA: The Home of Astronauts. B.Space: The Final Homework Frontier.
C.Nature: An Outdoor Classroom. D.HUNCH: A College Admission Reform.
D
When you were trying to figure out what to buy for the environmentalist on your holiday list, fur probably didn't cross your mind. But some ecologists and fashion(时装) enthusiasts are trying to bring back the market for fur made from nutria(海狸鼠).
Unusual fashion shows in New Orleans and Brooklyn have showcased nutria fur made into clothes in different styles. "It sounds crazy to talk about guilt-free fur—unless you understand that the nutria are destroying vast wetlands every year," says Cree McCree, project director of Righteous Fur.
Scientists in Louisiana were so concerned that they decided to pay hunters $5 a tail. Some of the fur ends up in the fashion shows like the one in Brooklyn last month.
Nutria were brought there from Argentina by fur farmers and let go into the wild. "The ecosystem down there can't handle this non-native species(物种). It's destroying the environment. It's them or us," says Michael Massimi, an expert in this field.
The fur trade kept nutria in check for decades, but when the market for nutria collapsed in the late 1980s, the cat-sized animals multiplied like crazy.
Biologist Edmond Mouton runs the nutria control program for Louisiana. He says it's not easy to convince people that nutria fur is green, but he has no doubt about it. Hunters bring in more than 300,000 nutria tails a year, so part of Mouton's job these days is trying to promote fur.
Then there's Righteous Fur and its unusual fashions. Model Paige Morgan says, "To give people a guilt-free option that they can wear without someone throwing paint on them—I think that's going to be a massive thing, at least here in New York." Designer Jennifer Anderson admits it took her a while to come around to the opinion that using nutria fur for her creations is morally acceptable. She's trying to come up with a label to attach to nutria fashions to show it is eco-friendly.
1.What is the purpose of the fashion shows in New Orleans and Brooklyn
A.To promote guilt-free fur. B.To expand the fashion market.
C.To introduce a new brand. D.To celebrate a winter holiday.
2.Why are scientists concerned about nutria
A.Nutria damage the ecosystem seriously. B.Nutria are an endangered species.
C.Nutria hurt local cat-sized animals. D.Nutria are illegally hunted.
3.What does the underlined word "collapsed" in Paragraph 5 probably mean
A.Boomed. B.Became mature.
C.Remained stable. D.Crashed.
4.What can we infer about wearing fur in New York according to Morgan
A.It's formal. B.It's risky.
C.It's harmful. D.It's traditional.
第二节 （共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Ways to Save Money While Travelling
Who doesn't like to save money when possible Travelling can be expensive, but with the right strategies you can bring down the cost. ①_____
Look for free activities. If you do a little research, you'll see there are often lots of free activities in the area. Look at community calendars to see what is going on in town while you are there. ②_____ Museums often have a "pay what you can" day once a week and sometimes have discounted admission after a certain time of the day.
③_____ Although some people might not like to cook while on vacation, I don't mind making breakfast in my room. I love having a cup of coffee, but room service can be very expensive. ④_____ A microwave and fridge will also be helpful in reheating leftovers.
Shop at the farmers' markets and the local stores. ⑤_____ Also, shopping at the local stores allows you to taste the local cuisine without having to pay the price of a restaurant.
Buy some local fish and cook it up at your condo(公寓).
What are your tips for saving money while travelling
A. Rent an apartment instead of getting two rooms.
B. Book a room with a fridge, microwave or kitchen area.
C. Try these tips on your next vacation and your wallet will thank you.
D. I try to never eat at tourist attractions because they tend to raise the price.
E. Do a self-guided walking tour to make yourself familiar with your destination.
F. I'd rather eat in the room for breakfast and lunch and then splurge(挥霍) on a delicious dinner.
G. The farmers' markets often lower the price of their food towards the end of the day.
第二部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
During the war, my husband was stationed at an army camp in a desert in California. I went to live there in order to be 1 him. I hated the place. I had never before been so unhappy. My husband was ordered out on a long-term duty, and I was left in a tiny shack(棚屋) alone. The heat was 2 —almost 125 °F even in the shade of a cactus(仙人掌). Not a soul to talk to. The wind blew non-stop , and all the food I ate, and the very air I breathed, were 3 with sand, sand, sand!
I was so sorry for myself that I wrote to my parents. I told them I was 4 and coming back home. I said I couldn't stand it one minute longer. I 5 be in prison! My father answered my 6 with just two lines—two lines that will always sing in my memory—two lines that completely changed my life :
Two men looked out from prison bars,
One saw the mud, the other saw the stars.
I read those two lines 7 . I was ashamed of myself. I made up my mind I would find out what was good in my present 8 ; I would look for the stars.
I made friends with the natives, and their reaction amazed me. They gave me presents of their favorite artworks which they had 9 to sell to tourists. I studied the delightful forms of the cactus. I watched for the desert sunsets, and 10 for seashells that had been left there millions of years ago when the desert had been an ocean floor.
What brought about this 11 change in me The desert hadn't changed, 12 I had. I had changed my 13 . And by doing so, I changed an unhappy experience into the most amazing 14 of my life. I was excited by this new world that I had discovered. I had looked out of my self-created prison and 15 the stars.
1.A.off B.behind C.near D.beyond
2.A.inflexible B.incomprehensible C.uncontrollable D.unbearable
3.A.covered B.filled C.buried D.charged
4.A.catching up B.keeping up C.giving up D.getting up
5.A.ought to B.might well C.would rather D.had better
6.A.request B.call C.question D.letter
7.A.over and over B.by and by C.up and down D.now and then
8.A.company B.occupation C.situation D.relationship
9.A.refused B.failed C.managed D.happened
10.A.asked B.hunted C.waited D.headed
11.A.shocking B.challenging C.puzzling D.astonishing
12.A.as B.but C.for D.or
13.A.attitude B.principle C.identity D.standard
14.A.vacation B.operation C.affair D.adventure
15.A.sought B.counted C.found D.reached
第二节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Thanks to the Chinese government scholarship, I was able to come to China and realize my dream as ①______ international student. In my two years of Master's study, I collected a bunch of wonderful memories.
One of them was joining in a hiking marathon and climbing to the top of a mountain. I did not win the marathon, ②______ the sight of the beautiful landscapes along the way was enough for me. In China, I found that hiking was one of the best leisure ③______(activity) of Chinese people.
The visit ④_______ Zijin Mountain last year was the most challenging yet very memorable to me because of the bad weather in winter and the long hours of journey ⑤______(reach) the top. The temperature at that time reached a freezing point. My hands were stone cold and my face ⑥______(go) very pale. When we reached the top, it was just so ⑦_______(attract). The sunset view was the best of all. One of my friends took a photo of ⑧______(I) and my Chinese friend as if we were sharing the sun with our hands. We stayed on the top for a while, until we felt that we should be leaving before we would ⑨_______(total) freeze to death.
I believe that ⑩______(climb) mountains gives someone a sense of direction and a motivation to reach his goal no matter how hard or unimaginable it could be.
第三部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节 （满分15分）
假定你是李华,十一假期你和你的父母一起外出游玩,你想将你的旅游经历与你的美国笔友Jack 分享,请根据以下要点给他写一封电子邮件。 内容包括:
1. 简述旅游经历;
2. 你的感受和体会。
注意:
1.词数80左右;
2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
Dear Jack,
How is everything going
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
第二节 （满分25分）
阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。
On a bright, warm July afternoon, Mac Hollan, a primary school teacher, was cycling from his home to Alaska with his friends. One of his friends had stopped to make a bicycle repair, but they had encouraged Mac to carry on, and they would catch up with him soon. As Mac pedaled(骑行) along alone, he thought fondly of his wife and two young daughters at home. He hoped to show them this beautiful place someday.
Then Mac heard quick and loud breathing behind him. "Man, that's a big dog!" he thought. But when he looked to the side, he saw instantly that it was not a dog at all, but a wolf, quickly catching up with him.
Mac's heart jumped. He found out his can of bear spray. With one hand on the bars, he fired the spray at the wolf. A bright red cloud enveloped the animal, and to Mac's relief, it fell back, shaking its head. But a minute later, it was by his side again. Then it attacked the back of Mac's bike, tearing open his tent bag. He fired at the wolf a second time, and again, it fell back only to quickly restart the chase.
Mac was pedaling hard now. He waved and yelled at passing cars but was careful not to slow down. He saw a steep uphill climb before him. He knew that once he hit the hill, he'd be easily caught up and the wolf's teeth would be tearing into his flesh.
At this moment, Paul and Becky were driving their car on their way to Alaska. They did not think much of it when they saw two cyclists repairing their bike on the side of the road. A bit later, they spotted what they, too, assumed was a dog running alongside a man on a bike. As they got closer, they realized that the dog was a wolf. Mac heard a large vehicle behind him. He pulled in front of it as the wolf was catching up fast, just a dozen yards away now.
Paragraph 1:
The car abruptly stopped in front of him. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2:
A few minutes later, the other two cyclists arrived. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
答案以及解析
第一部分 阅读理解
第一节
A
答案：AAB
1.答案：A
解析：细节理解题。根据Tour Details部分中的“◎Led throughout by biologist Nick Mooney(自始至终由生物学家Nick Mooney带领)”可知,这次旅行由一位生物学家担任向导。故选A。
2.答案：A
解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中的“all guests will have a deeply personal experience, in a friendly atmosphere designed to have a low effect on the places visited”可知,游客将在一种对参观地点影响不大的氛围中进行游玩。再结合倒数第二段内容可知人们在旅行中应该保护自然。故选A。
3.答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段“Email to wildlife@ to book now and we will provide you with more information.(现在发送电子邮件至wildlife@进行预订吧,我们将为您提供更多信息。)”可知,人们应该通过电子邮件预订这趟旅行,故选B。
B
答案：DACC
1.答案：D
解析：考查段落大意。根据第一段第二句"Recent studies have found positive effects"及本段中的"greener areas of the city experienced less crime"和"employees were shown to be 15% more productive when their workplaces were decorated with houseplants"可知,D选项"Benefits from green plants"能概括本段内容。
2.答案：A
解析：考查细节理解。根据第二段第二句中的"These include plants that have sensors printed onto their leaves to show when they're short of water"可知,A选项正确。根据该句后半部分"a plant that can detect harmful chemicals in groundwater"可知,干扰项D选项错误。
3.答案：C
解析：考查推理判断。根据最后一段的内容尤其是最后一句"Glowing plants could reduce this distance and therefore help save energy"可推知,在未来发光的植物可能有助于减少能源消耗。
4.答案：C
解析：考查标题判断。文章第一段点明植物的积极作用;第二段是有关植物的其他方面的功能的研究;第三段说明最新的研究表明植物可以发光;第四段是有关将来要开发的一种用在植物叶子上的技术及研究植物发光是否可以"打开"和"关上";第五段表述能量在传输中损失很多,或许发光植物可以解决这一问题。故C选项(发光的植物能代替灯吗 )最能凸显本文主题。
C
答案：ADAB
解析：1.推理判断题。本题题干意为:我们对国际空间站的细菌的了解有哪些 根据题干中的关键词bacteria in the International Space Station可定位至第一段。根据第一段中Bacteria are an annoying problem for astronauts. The microorganisms from our bodies grow uncontrollably on surfaces of the International Space Station, so astronauts spend hours cleaning them up each week.可知,国际空间站的细菌非常难处理,所以选择A项。B:它们导致空气污染;C:它们以不同的形式出现;D:它们毁坏仪器。
2.细节理解题。本题题干意为:HUNCH项目的目的是什么 第二段第一句HUNCH is designed to connect high school classrooms with NASA engineers.(HUNCH的设计目的是将高中教室与NASA的工程师联系在一起。)中的high school classrooms与D选项中的school education(学校教育)对应,NASA engineers与D选项中的space technology(空间技术)对应,故选D。A:为了加强师生关系;B:为了提升学生的交流技能;C:为了让学生体验失重。
3.推理判断题。本题题干意为:NASA的工程师为参加此项目的学生做了些什么 根据题干中的NASA engineers do可定位至第三段的Engineers come and really do an in-person review, and... it's not a very nice thing at times. It's a hard business review of your product,句中两次出现review(检查,审查),证明NASA的工程师做的事情就是对学生做出的研究结果进行检查,所以答案是A项。B:指导项目设计;C:调整工作时间表;D:给他们的作业打分。
4.主旨大意题。本题题干意为:最适合本文的标题是什么 本文主要介绍HUNCH项目,这个项目是有关太空研究的,而且研究者都是高中生。根据以上要点可知,最佳选项是B项(Space: The Final Homework Frontier),Space对应太空研究,Homework对应高中教育,Frontier(前沿)突出了这个项目的领先性。
D
答案：1-4. AADB
解析：1.推理判断题。根据第二段可以判断出由于海狸鼠对生态平衡造成了巨大的破坏, 这场海狸鼠皮衣时装秀的意图是推销无罪恶感的皮衣。故选A项。
2.推理判断题。根据第二段中的"the nutria are destroying vast wetlands every year"以及第四段中的"The ecosystem...It's destroying the environment."可以推断出因为海狸鼠破坏湿地进而破坏了环境, 所以科学家对它们很担心。故选A项。
3.词义猜测题。根据画线词前的"The fur trade kept nutria in check for decades"可知, 几十年来, 毛皮贸易使海狸鼠(的数量)处于控制之下。根据画线词后的"the cat-sized animals multiplied like crazy"可知, 这种猫大小的动物疯狂地繁殖。由此可推知, 20世纪80年代末海狸鼠市场瘫痪了。故选D项。
4.推理判断题。根据最后一段佩奇 摩根所说的话可推知, 在纽约穿皮质衣服是有风险的。故选B项。
第二节
答案：①-⑤CEBFG
解析：①根据下文提到的旅行时省钱的一些方法可知,此处应引起下文,C项“下次假期试试这些小窍门,你的钱包会感谢你。”符合语境,故选C项。
②根据下文Museums often have a "pay what you can" day once a week and sometimes have discounted admission after a certain time of the day.可知,该处应介绍寻找免费活动的具体做法,故选E项。
③根据下文Although some people might not like to cook while on vacation可知,前后语意转折,B项“预定一间有冰箱、微波炉或厨房区域的房间。”符合语境,故选B项。
④根据上文I love having a cup of coffee, but room service can be very expensive.可知,该处应与前一句为因果关系,F项“我宁愿在房间里吃早餐和午餐,然后花很多钱吃一顿美味的晚餐。”符合语境,故选F项。
⑤根据上文Shop at the farmers' markets and the local stores.可知,该处应说明在农贸市场和当地商店购物的原因,G项“农贸市场往往会在一天将要结束时降低他们的食物价格。”符合语境,故选G项。
第二部分 语言知识运用
第一节
1-5.CDBCC; 6-10.DACAB; 11-15.DBADC
解析：1.根据首句可知丈夫被安置在沙漠军营中,“我”到那里去是为了离他近(near)一些。off离开;behind在……后面;beyond超出。
2.根据"almost 125℉ even in the shade of a cactus"可知,气温非常高,炎热让人无法忍受(unbearable)。inflexible不能弯曲的;incomprehensible无法理解的;uncontrollable失控的。
3.根据"The wind blew non-stop"和sand可以推断出,此处表示吃的所有食物和呼吸的空气中全是沙子。cover覆盖;fill充满;bury埋;charge指责,控告,充电。
4.根据上文的叙述可知,“我”后悔来到了这里,所以给父母写信。根据"coming back home"可知,“我”告诉他们自己想放弃(giving up)这里的生活然后回家。catch up追上;keep up保持;get up起床。
5.上句指出,“我”一分钟也忍受不了了,由此可推断出本句句意为“我宁愿(would rather)住在监狱里”,ought to应该;might well很可能;had better最好。
6.根据本段第一句中的"I wrote to my parents"可知,父亲用两行诗回复了“我”的信(letter)。
7.根据下文可知,那两行诗对“我”影响很大,由此推断出“我”把那两行诗读了很多遍,故A项正确。over and over反复地; by and by不久;up and down来回;now and then有时。
8.根据"I would look for the stars"可以判断出,“我”决心要寻找目前情况下好的方面。company公司,伙伴;occupation职业;situation情况,情形;relationship关系。
9.根据上文的amazed可以推断出,他们把自己最喜欢的艺术品送给“我”,这些东西他们是拒绝(refused)出售给游客的。fail to do sth.没能做某事;manage to do sth.成功地做某事;happen to do sth.碰巧做某事。
10.此处与上文提到的“看沙漠日落”并列,由此可推断此处表示“寻找(hunted for)几百万年前留在那里的贝壳”。ask for请求;wait for等待;head for前往。
11.根据上段的叙述以及之前的状态可知,“我”发生了惊人的(astonishing)变化。shocking骇人听闻的;challenging有挑战性的;puzzling令人迷惑的。
12.空格前部分指出沙漠没有发生改变,空格后部分指出“我”发生了改变,由此可知空格前后之间为转折关系,故选but。
13.之前“我”只看到了痛苦的一面,但后来“我”看到了美好的一面,由此可知是“我”的态度(attitude)发生了改变。principle原则;identity身份;standard标准。
14.根据倒数第二段的叙述以及"this new world"可知,“我”通过态度的改变,把人生中这段不开心的经历变为了神奇的冒险经历(adventure)。vacation假期;operation操作;affair 事务。
15.此处与父亲回信中的两行诗形成呼应,根据"saw the stars"可知,“我”透过自己设立的牢狱向外看,找到了(found)诗中所提到的星星。seek寻找,探索;count数;reach到达。
第二节
答案：an; but; activities; to; to reach; went; attractive; me; totally; climbing
解析：①考查冠词。句意：多亏了中国政府的奖学金，我得以来到中国，实现了我作为一名国际学生的梦想。student是可数名词，此处泛指"一个国际学生"，且 international以元音音素开头，故填an。
②考查连词。句意：我没有赢得马拉松比赛，但是能看到沿途美丽的风景对我来说就足够了。由句意可知，前后文为转折关系，故填but。
③考查名词。句意：在中国，我发现徒步旅行是中国人最好的休闲活动之一。根据one of后加可数名词复数可知使用名词复数，故填activities。
④考查介词。句意：去年的紫金山之旅是最具挑战性的，然而也是最难忘的……。the visit to...去……的参观，是固定用法，故填to。
⑤考查不定式。句意：去年的紫金山之旅是最具挑战性的，然而也是最难忘的，因为冬天的恶劣天气和到达山顶的漫长旅程。分析句子结构可知，设空处为不定式作后置定语，修饰journey，表示到达山顶的旅程，故填to reach。
⑥考查动词时态。句意：我的双手冰凉，脸色苍白。and为并列连词，连接前后两个并列的分句，根据were可知此处为一般过去时，故填went。
⑦考查形容词。句意：当我们到达山顶时，景色真是太迷人了。was是系动词，后面使用形容词作表语。故填attractive。
⑧考查代词。句意：我的一个朋友给我和我的中国朋友拍了一张照片……。of是介词，后面使用宾格形式，故填me。
⑨考查副词。分析句子结构可知，设空处修饰动词freeze，应用副词作状语，故填totally。
⑩考查非谓语动词。句意：我认为爬山能给我们一种方向感去实现我们的目标，不管它有多困难或难以想象。分析句子结构可知，⑩_____(climb) mountains在从句中作主语，表示一般性概念，故用动名词形式，填climbing。
第三节
答案：
Dear Jack,
How is everything going I'd like to share my travel experience with you.
During the National Day, my parents and I paid a visit to Qingdao, a beautiful seaside city. On the early morning, we went to the beach and played on the sand. It was the first time that we had seen the sea. In the afternoon, we visited Qingdao Underwater World. The next day, we climbed Mount Lao, where we got a good view of the whole city of Qingdao.
Although the visit was short, we had a wonderful time and gained a lot from it.
Yours,
Li Hua
第二节
Paragraph 1:
The car abruptly stopped in front of him. "Come on, get in the car quickly!" Paul yelled. Without any hesitation, Mac jumped off his bicycle and dashed to the back door of the car. It was locked! Thinking of the wolf's bloody mouth, Mac was nearly dead with fright. He could even imagine the wolf's teeth tearing into his flesh. Just at that moment, the door was unlocked by Becky and the frightened man dived in, shutting the door just before the wolf pounced on him. So angry was the wolf that it kept roaring and smacking the window violently. Luckily, the car was hard to protect them. After quite a while, realizing whatever it did was in vain and that it was impossible to catch Mac, the disappointed wolf left, disappearing into the woods eventually. Mac sat in the car, his heart still fluttering with fear.
Paragraph 2:
A few minutes later, the other two cyclists arrived. They were surprised to find Mac's bicycle lying on the road, his tent bag torn and Mac just like a drowned mouse. "Mac, what on earth has happened " "I was almost killed by a wolf!" When told about Mac's thrilling experience, they couldn't help crying out, "What a narrow escape!" "Yes, without their timely help, I'd have ended up in the wolf's stomach!" Mac's friends were also grateful to Paul and Becky. Afraid that there might be more potential dangers ahead, Paul and Becky offered to drive them to Alaska. Whether they would enjoy the rest of the journey, only Mac could tell.
2
考试时间：90分钟
满分：120分
第一部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
A Tour Around Tasmania, Australia
Come to Tasmania, Australia for a great tour around the coasts, wetlands, rain forests, national parks and mountains in search of its unique wildlife and beautiful scenery.
Expect to see different types of wildlife from little penguins to masses of birds. With just 10 places available, all guests will have a deeply personal experience, in a friendly atmosphere designed to have a low effect on the places visited.
Tour Details:
◎Lasting up to 12 days
◎Traveling on foot and by boat
◎A small group tour with just 10 guests
◎Led throughout by biologist Nick Mooney
◎Seeing some unusual and endangered wildlife
◎Staying in 4-star hotels, wood-built rainforest houses and farms
◎Visiting Mount Field National Park, Cradle Mountain, Maria Island and Bruny Island
The tour is perfect for those nature-lovers, as it acts as a dramatic introduction to Tasmania's amazing plants and animals and how it is being protected while allowing those with a deep understanding of wildlife protection to observe a great many species on land, in the sky and at sea.
Email to wildlife@ to book now and we will provide you with more information.
1.What do we know about the tour
A.It is guided by a biologist. B.It lasts ten days.
C.It offers hotels for free. D.It offers a bus.
2.What should people do on the tour
A.Protect nature. B.Feed wildlife.
C.Stay away from forests. D.Visit twelve destinations.
3.How should the tour be booked
A.By phone. B.By email.
C.By posting a letter. D.By going to a travel company.
B
The connection between people and plants has long been the subject of scientific research. Recent studies have found positive effects. A study conducted in Youngstown, Ohio, for example, discovered that greener areas of the city experienced less crime. In another, employees were shown to be 15% more productive when their workplaces were decorated with houseplants.
The engineers at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) have taken it a step further—changing the actual composition of plants in order to get them to perform diverse, even unusual functions. These include plants that have sensors printed onto their leaves to show when they're short of water and a plant that can detect harmful chemicals in groundwater. "We're thinking about how we can engineer plants to replace functions of the things that we use every day," explained Michael Strano, a professor of chemical engineering at MIT.
One of his latest projects has been to make plants glow (发光) in experiments using some common vegetables. Strano's team found that they could create a faint light for three-and-a-half hours. The light, about one-thousandth of the amount needed to read by, is just a start. The technology, Strano said, could one day be used to light the rooms or even to turn trees into self-powered street lamps.
In the future, the team hopes to develop a version of the technology that can be sprayed onto plant leaves in a one-off treatment that would last the plant’s lifetime. The engineers are also trying to develop an on and off "switch" where the glow would fade when exposed to daylight.
Lighting accounts for about 7% of the total electricity consumed in the US. Since lighting is often far removed from the power source(电源)—such as the distance from a power plant to street lamps on a remote highway—a lot of energy is lost during transmission(传输). Glowing plants could reduce this distance and therefore help save energy.
1.What is the first paragraph mainly about
A.A new study of different plants. B.A big fall in crime rates
C.Employees from various workplaces. D.Benefits from green plants.
2.What is the function of the sensors printed on plant leaves by MIT engineers
A.To detect plants' lack of water. B.To change compositions of plants.
C.To make the life of plants longer. D.To test chemicals in plants.
3.What can we expect of the glowing plants in the future
A.They will speed up energy production.
B.They may transmit electricity to the home.
C.They might help reduce energy consumption.
D.They could take the place of power plants.
4.Which of the following can be the best title for the text
A.Can we grow more glowing plants
B.How do we live with glowing plants
C.Could glowing plants replace lamps
D.How are glowing plants made pollution-free
C
Bacteria are an annoying problem for astronauts. The microorganisms(微生物) from our bodies grow uncontrollably on surfaces of the International Space Station, so astronauts spend hours cleaning them up each week. How is NASA overcoming this very tiny big problem It’s turning to a bunch of high school kids. But not just any kids. It’s depending on NASA HUNCH high school class, like the one science teachers Gene Gordon and Donna Himmelberg lead at Fairport High School in Fairport, New York.
HUNCH is designed to connect high school classrooms with NASA engineers. For the past two years, Gordon’s students have been studying ways to kill bacteria in zero gravity, and they think they’re close to a solution. "We don’t give the students any breaks. They have to do it just like NASA engineers," says Florence Gold, a project manager.
"There are no tests," Gordon says. "There is no graded homework. There almost are no grades, other than 'Are you working towards your goal ' Basically, it’s 'I’ve got to produce this product and then, at the end of year, present it to NASA.' Engineers come and really do an in-person review, and...it’s not a very nice thing at time. It’s a hard business review of your product."
Gordon says the HUNCH program has an impact on college admissions and practical life skills. "These kids are so absorbed in their studies that I just sit back. I don’t teach." And that annoying bacteria Gordon says his students are emailing daily with NASA engineers about the problem, readying a workable solution to test in space.
1.What do we know about the bacteria in the International Space Station
A.They are hard to get rid of. B.They lead to air pollution.
C.They appear in different forms. D.They damage the instruments.
2.What is the purpose of the HUNCH program
A.To strengthen teacher-student relationships. B.To sharpen students' communication skills.
C.To allow students to experience zero gravity. D.To link space technology with school education.
3.What do the NASA engineers do for the students in the program
A.Check their product. B.Guide project designs.
C.Adjust work schedules. D.Grade their homework.
4.What is the best title for the text
A.NASA: The Home of Astronauts. B.Space: The Final Homework Frontier.
C.Nature: An Outdoor Classroom. D.HUNCH: A College Admission Reform.
D
When you were trying to figure out what to buy for the environmentalist on your holiday list, fur probably didn't cross your mind. But some ecologists and fashion(时装) enthusiasts are trying to bring back the market for fur made from nutria(海狸鼠).
Unusual fashion shows in New Orleans and Brooklyn have showcased nutria fur made into clothes in different styles. "It sounds crazy to talk about guilt-free fur—unless you understand that the nutria are destroying vast wetlands every year," says Cree McCree, project director of Righteous Fur.
Scientists in Louisiana were so concerned that they decided to pay hunters $5 a tail. Some of the fur ends up in the fashion shows like the one in Brooklyn last month.
Nutria were brought there from Argentina by fur farmers and let go into the wild. "The ecosystem down there can't handle this non-native species(物种). It's destroying the environment. It's them or us," says Michael Massimi, an expert in this field.
The fur trade kept nutria in check for decades, but when the market for nutria collapsed in the late 1980s, the cat-sized animals multiplied like crazy.
Biologist Edmond Mouton runs the nutria control program for Louisiana. He says it's not easy to convince people that nutria fur is green, but he has no doubt about it. Hunters bring in more than 300,000 nutria tails a year, so part of Mouton's job these days is trying to promote fur.
Then there's Righteous Fur and its unusual fashions. Model Paige Morgan says, "To give people a guilt-free option that they can wear without someone throwing paint on them—I think that's going to be a massive thing, at least here in New York." Designer Jennifer Anderson admits it took her a while to come around to the opinion that using nutria fur for her creations is morally acceptable. She's trying to come up with a label to attach to nutria fashions to show it is eco-friendly.
1.What is the purpose of the fashion shows in New Orleans and Brooklyn
A.To promote guilt-free fur. B.To expand the fashion market.
C.To introduce a new brand. D.To celebrate a winter holiday.
2.Why are scientists concerned about nutria
A.Nutria damage the ecosystem seriously. B.Nutria are an endangered species.
C.Nutria hurt local cat-sized animals. D.Nutria are illegally hunted.
3.What does the underlined word "collapsed" in Paragraph 5 probably mean
A.Boomed. B.Became mature.
C.Remained stable. D.Crashed.
4.What can we infer about wearing fur in New York according to Morgan
A.It's formal. B.It's risky.
C.It's harmful. D.It's traditional.
第二节 （共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Ways to Save Money While Travelling
Who doesn't like to save money when possible Travelling can be expensive, but with the right strategies you can bring down the cost. ①_____
Look for free activities. If you do a little research, you'll see there are often lots of free activities in the area. Look at community calendars to see what is going on in town while you are there. ②_____ Museums often have a "pay what you can" day once a week and sometimes have discounted admission after a certain time of the day.
③_____ Although some people might not like to cook while on vacation, I don't mind making breakfast in my room. I love having a cup of coffee, but room service can be very expensive. ④_____ A microwave and fridge will also be helpful in reheating leftovers.
Shop at the farmers' markets and the local stores. ⑤_____ Also, shopping at the local stores allows you to taste the local cuisine without having to pay the price of a restaurant.
Buy some local fish and cook it up at your condo(公寓).
What are your tips for saving money while travelling
A. Rent an apartment instead of getting two rooms.
B. Book a room with a fridge, microwave or kitchen area.
C. Try these tips on your next vacation and your wallet will thank you.
D. I try to never eat at tourist attractions because they tend to raise the price.
E. Do a self-guided walking tour to make yourself familiar with your destination.
F. I'd rather eat in the room for breakfast and lunch and then splurge(挥霍) on a delicious dinner.
G. The farmers' markets often lower the price of their food towards the end of the day.
第二部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
During the war, my husband was stationed at an army camp in a desert in California. I went to live there in order to be 1 him. I hated the place. I had never before been so unhappy. My husband was ordered out on a long-term duty, and I was left in a tiny shack(棚屋) alone. The heat was 2 —almost 125 °F even in the shade of a cactus(仙人掌). Not a soul to talk to. The wind blew non-stop , and all the food I ate, and the very air I breathed, were 3 with sand, sand, sand!
I was so sorry for myself that I wrote to my parents. I told them I was 4 and coming back home. I said I couldn't stand it one minute longer. I 5 be in prison! My father answered my 6 with just two lines—two lines that will always sing in my memory—two lines that completely changed my life :
Two men looked out from prison bars,
One saw the mud, the other saw the stars.
I read those two lines 7 . I was ashamed of myself. I made up my mind I would find out what was good in my present 8 ; I would look for the stars.
I made friends with the natives, and their reaction amazed me. They gave me presents of their favorite artworks which they had 9 to sell to tourists. I studied the delightful forms of the cactus. I watched for the desert sunsets, and 10 for seashells that had been left there millions of years ago when the desert had been an ocean floor.
What brought about this 11 change in me The desert hadn't changed, 12 I had. I had changed my 13 . And by doing so, I changed an unhappy experience into the most amazing 14 of my life. I was excited by this new world that I had discovered. I had looked out of my self-created prison and 15 the stars.
1.A.off B.behind C.near D.beyond
2.A.inflexible B.incomprehensible C.uncontrollable D.unbearable
3.A.covered B.filled C.buried D.charged
4.A.catching up B.keeping up C.giving up D.getting up
5.A.ought to B.might well C.would rather D.had better
6.A.request B.call C.question D.letter
7.A.over and over B.by and by C.up and down D.now and then
8.A.company B.occupation C.situation D.relationship
9.A.refused B.failed C.managed D.happened
10.A.asked B.hunted C.waited D.headed
11.A.shocking B.challenging C.puzzling D.astonishing
12.A.as B.but C.for D.or
13.A.attitude B.principle C.identity D.standard
14.A.vacation B.operation C.affair D.adventure
15.A.sought B.counted C.found D.reached
第二节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Thanks to the Chinese government scholarship, I was able to come to China and realize my dream as ①______ international student. In my two years of Master's study, I collected a bunch of wonderful memories.
One of them was joining in a hiking marathon and climbing to the top of a mountain. I did not win the marathon, ②______ the sight of the beautiful landscapes along the way was enough for me. In China, I found that hiking was one of the best leisure ③______(activity) of Chinese people.
The visit ④_______ Zijin Mountain last year was the most challenging yet very memorable to me because of the bad weather in winter and the long hours of journey ⑤______(reach) the top. The temperature at that time reached a freezing point. My hands were stone cold and my face ⑥______(go) very pale. When we reached the top, it was just so ⑦_______(attract). The sunset view was the best of all. One of my friends took a photo of ⑧______(I) and my Chinese friend as if we were sharing the sun with our hands. We stayed on the top for a while, until we felt that we should be leaving before we would ⑨_______(total) freeze to death.
I believe that ⑩______(climb) mountains gives someone a sense of direction and a motivation to reach his goal no matter how hard or unimaginable it could be.
第三部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节 （满分15分）
假定你是李华,十一假期你和你的父母一起外出游玩,你想将你的旅游经历与你的美国笔友Jack 分享,请根据以下要点给他写一封电子邮件。 内容包括:
1. 简述旅游经历;
2. 你的感受和体会。
注意:
1.词数80左右;
2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
Dear Jack,
How is everything going
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
第二节 （满分25分）
阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。
On a bright, warm July afternoon, Mac Hollan, a primary school teacher, was cycling from his home to Alaska with his friends. One of his friends had stopped to make a bicycle repair, but they had encouraged Mac to carry on, and they would catch up with him soon. As Mac pedaled(骑行) along alone, he thought fondly of his wife and two young daughters at home. He hoped to show them this beautiful place someday.
Then Mac heard quick and loud breathing behind him. "Man, that's a big dog!" he thought. But when he looked to the side, he saw instantly that it was not a dog at all, but a wolf, quickly catching up with him.
Mac's heart jumped. He found out his can of bear spray. With one hand on the bars, he fired the spray at the wolf. A bright red cloud enveloped the animal, and to Mac's relief, it fell back, shaking its head. But a minute later, it was by his side again. Then it attacked the back of Mac's bike, tearing open his tent bag. He fired at the wolf a second time, and again, it fell back only to quickly restart the chase.
Mac was pedaling hard now. He waved and yelled at passing cars but was careful not to slow down. He saw a steep uphill climb before him. He knew that once he hit the hill, he'd be easily caught up and the wolf's teeth would be tearing into his flesh.
At this moment, Paul and Becky were driving their car on their way to Alaska. They did not think much of it when they saw two cyclists repairing their bike on the side of the road. A bit later, they spotted what they, too, assumed was a dog running alongside a man on a bike. As they got closer, they realized that the dog was a wolf. Mac heard a large vehicle behind him. He pulled in front of it as the wolf was catching up fast, just a dozen yards away now.
Paragraph 1:
The car abruptly stopped in front of him. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2:
A few minutes later, the other two cyclists arrived. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
答案以及解析
第一部分 阅读理解
第一节
A
答案：AAB
1.答案：A
解析：细节理解题。根据Tour Details部分中的“◎Led throughout by biologist Nick Mooney(自始至终由生物学家Nick Mooney带领)”可知,这次旅行由一位生物学家担任向导。故选A。
2.答案：A
解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中的“all guests will have a deeply personal experience, in a friendly atmosphere designed to have a low effect on the places visited”可知,游客将在一种对参观地点影响不大的氛围中进行游玩。再结合倒数第二段内容可知人们在旅行中应该保护自然。故选A。
3.答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段“Email to wildlife@ to book now and we will provide you with more information.(现在发送电子邮件至wildlife@进行预订吧,我们将为您提供更多信息。)”可知,人们应该通过电子邮件预订这趟旅行,故选B。
B
答案：DACC
1.答案：D
解析：考查段落大意。根据第一段第二句"Recent studies have found positive effects"及本段中的"greener areas of the city experienced less crime"和"employees were shown to be 15% more productive when their workplaces were decorated with houseplants"可知,D选项"Benefits from green plants"能概括本段内容。
2.答案：A
解析：考查细节理解。根据第二段第二句中的"These include plants that have sensors printed onto their leaves to show when they're short of water"可知,A选项正确。根据该句后半部分"a plant that can detect harmful chemicals in groundwater"可知,干扰项D选项错误。
3.答案：C
解析：考查推理判断。根据最后一段的内容尤其是最后一句"Glowing plants could reduce this distance and therefore help save energy"可推知,在未来发光的植物可能有助于减少能源消耗。
4.答案：C
解析：考查标题判断。文章第一段点明植物的积极作用;第二段是有关植物的其他方面的功能的研究;第三段说明最新的研究表明植物可以发光;第四段是有关将来要开发的一种用在植物叶子上的技术及研究植物发光是否可以"打开"和"关上";第五段表述能量在传输中损失很多,或许发光植物可以解决这一问题。故C选项(发光的植物能代替灯吗 )最能凸显本文主题。
C
答案：ADAB
解析：1.推理判断题。本题题干意为:我们对国际空间站的细菌的了解有哪些 根据题干中的关键词bacteria in the International Space Station可定位至第一段。根据第一段中Bacteria are an annoying problem for astronauts. The microorganisms from our bodies grow uncontrollably on surfaces of the International Space Station, so astronauts spend hours cleaning them up each week.可知,国际空间站的细菌非常难处理,所以选择A项。B:它们导致空气污染;C:它们以不同的形式出现;D:它们毁坏仪器。
2.细节理解题。本题题干意为:HUNCH项目的目的是什么 第二段第一句HUNCH is designed to connect high school classrooms with NASA engineers.(HUNCH的设计目的是将高中教室与NASA的工程师联系在一起。)中的high school classrooms与D选项中的school education(学校教育)对应,NASA engineers与D选项中的space technology(空间技术)对应,故选D。A:为了加强师生关系;B:为了提升学生的交流技能;C:为了让学生体验失重。
3.推理判断题。本题题干意为:NASA的工程师为参加此项目的学生做了些什么 根据题干中的NASA engineers do可定位至第三段的Engineers come and really do an in-person review, and... it's not a very nice thing at times. It's a hard business review of your product,句中两次出现review(检查,审查),证明NASA的工程师做的事情就是对学生做出的研究结果进行检查,所以答案是A项。B:指导项目设计;C:调整工作时间表;D:给他们的作业打分。
4.主旨大意题。本题题干意为:最适合本文的标题是什么 本文主要介绍HUNCH项目,这个项目是有关太空研究的,而且研究者都是高中生。根据以上要点可知,最佳选项是B项(Space: The Final Homework Frontier),Space对应太空研究,Homework对应高中教育,Frontier(前沿)突出了这个项目的领先性。
D
答案：1-4. AADB
解析：1.推理判断题。根据第二段可以判断出由于海狸鼠对生态平衡造成了巨大的破坏, 这场海狸鼠皮衣时装秀的意图是推销无罪恶感的皮衣。故选A项。
2.推理判断题。根据第二段中的"the nutria are destroying vast wetlands every year"以及第四段中的"The ecosystem...It's destroying the environment."可以推断出因为海狸鼠破坏湿地进而破坏了环境, 所以科学家对它们很担心。故选A项。
3.词义猜测题。根据画线词前的"The fur trade kept nutria in check for decades"可知, 几十年来, 毛皮贸易使海狸鼠(的数量)处于控制之下。根据画线词后的"the cat-sized animals multiplied like crazy"可知, 这种猫大小的动物疯狂地繁殖。由此可推知, 20世纪80年代末海狸鼠市场瘫痪了。故选D项。
4.推理判断题。根据最后一段佩奇 摩根所说的话可推知, 在纽约穿皮质衣服是有风险的。故选B项。
第二节
答案：①-⑤CEBFG
解析：①根据下文提到的旅行时省钱的一些方法可知,此处应引起下文,C项“下次假期试试这些小窍门,你的钱包会感谢你。”符合语境,故选C项。
②根据下文Museums often have a "pay what you can" day once a week and sometimes have discounted admission after a certain time of the day.可知,该处应介绍寻找免费活动的具体做法,故选E项。
③根据下文Although some people might not like to cook while on vacation可知,前后语意转折,B项“预定一间有冰箱、微波炉或厨房区域的房间。”符合语境,故选B项。
④根据上文I love having a cup of coffee, but room service can be very expensive.可知,该处应与前一句为因果关系,F项“我宁愿在房间里吃早餐和午餐,然后花很多钱吃一顿美味的晚餐。”符合语境,故选F项。
⑤根据上文Shop at the farmers' markets and the local stores.可知,该处应说明在农贸市场和当地商店购物的原因,G项“农贸市场往往会在一天将要结束时降低他们的食物价格。”符合语境,故选G项。
第二部分 语言知识运用
第一节
1-5.CDBCC; 6-10.DACAB; 11-15.DBADC
解析：1.根据首句可知丈夫被安置在沙漠军营中,“我”到那里去是为了离他近(near)一些。off离开;behind在……后面;beyond超出。
2.根据"almost 125℉ even in the shade of a cactus"可知,气温非常高,炎热让人无法忍受(unbearable)。inflexible不能弯曲的;incomprehensible无法理解的;uncontrollable失控的。
3.根据"The wind blew non-stop"和sand可以推断出,此处表示吃的所有食物和呼吸的空气中全是沙子。cover覆盖;fill充满;bury埋;charge指责,控告,充电。
4.根据上文的叙述可知,“我”后悔来到了这里,所以给父母写信。根据"coming back home"可知,“我”告诉他们自己想放弃(giving up)这里的生活然后回家。catch up追上;keep up保持;get up起床。
5.上句指出,“我”一分钟也忍受不了了,由此可推断出本句句意为“我宁愿(would rather)住在监狱里”,ought to应该;might well很可能;had better最好。
6.根据本段第一句中的"I wrote to my parents"可知,父亲用两行诗回复了“我”的信(letter)。
7.根据下文可知,那两行诗对“我”影响很大,由此推断出“我”把那两行诗读了很多遍,故A项正确。over and over反复地; by and by不久;up and down来回;now and then有时。
8.根据"I would look for the stars"可以判断出,“我”决心要寻找目前情况下好的方面。company公司,伙伴;occupation职业;situation情况,情形;relationship关系。
9.根据上文的amazed可以推断出,他们把自己最喜欢的艺术品送给“我”,这些东西他们是拒绝(refused)出售给游客的。fail to do sth.没能做某事;manage to do sth.成功地做某事;happen to do sth.碰巧做某事。
10.此处与上文提到的“看沙漠日落”并列,由此可推断此处表示“寻找(hunted for)几百万年前留在那里的贝壳”。ask for请求;wait for等待;head for前往。
11.根据上段的叙述以及之前的状态可知,“我”发生了惊人的(astonishing)变化。shocking骇人听闻的;challenging有挑战性的;puzzling令人迷惑的。
12.空格前部分指出沙漠没有发生改变,空格后部分指出“我”发生了改变,由此可知空格前后之间为转折关系,故选but。
13.之前“我”只看到了痛苦的一面,但后来“我”看到了美好的一面,由此可知是“我”的态度(attitude)发生了改变。principle原则;identity身份;standard标准。
14.根据倒数第二段的叙述以及"this new world"可知,“我”通过态度的改变,把人生中这段不开心的经历变为了神奇的冒险经历(adventure)。vacation假期;operation操作;affair 事务。
15.此处与父亲回信中的两行诗形成呼应,根据"saw the stars"可知,“我”透过自己设立的牢狱向外看,找到了(found)诗中所提到的星星。seek寻找,探索;count数;reach到达。
第二节
答案：an; but; activities; to; to reach; went; attractive; me; totally; climbing
解析：①考查冠词。句意：多亏了中国政府的奖学金，我得以来到中国，实现了我作为一名国际学生的梦想。student是可数名词，此处泛指"一个国际学生"，且 international以元音音素开头，故填an。
②考查连词。句意：我没有赢得马拉松比赛，但是能看到沿途美丽的风景对我来说就足够了。由句意可知，前后文为转折关系，故填but。
③考查名词。句意：在中国，我发现徒步旅行是中国人最好的休闲活动之一。根据one of后加可数名词复数可知使用名词复数，故填activities。
④考查介词。句意：去年的紫金山之旅是最具挑战性的，然而也是最难忘的……。the visit to...去……的参观，是固定用法，故填to。
⑤考查不定式。句意：去年的紫金山之旅是最具挑战性的，然而也是最难忘的，因为冬天的恶劣天气和到达山顶的漫长旅程。分析句子结构可知，设空处为不定式作后置定语，修饰journey，表示到达山顶的旅程，故填to reach。
⑥考查动词时态。句意：我的双手冰凉，脸色苍白。and为并列连词，连接前后两个并列的分句，根据were可知此处为一般过去时，故填went。
⑦考查形容词。句意：当我们到达山顶时，景色真是太迷人了。was是系动词，后面使用形容词作表语。故填attractive。
⑧考查代词。句意：我的一个朋友给我和我的中国朋友拍了一张照片……。of是介词，后面使用宾格形式，故填me。
⑨考查副词。分析句子结构可知，设空处修饰动词freeze，应用副词作状语，故填totally。
⑩考查非谓语动词。句意：我认为爬山能给我们一种方向感去实现我们的目标，不管它有多困难或难以想象。分析句子结构可知，⑩_____(climb) mountains在从句中作主语，表示一般性概念，故用动名词形式，填climbing。
第三节
答案：
Dear Jack,
How is everything going I'd like to share my travel experience with you.
During the National Day, my parents and I paid a visit to Qingdao, a beautiful seaside city. On the early morning, we went to the beach and played on the sand. It was the first time that we had seen the sea. In the afternoon, we visited Qingdao Underwater World. The next day, we climbed Mount Lao, where we got a good view of the whole city of Qingdao.
Although the visit was short, we had a wonderful time and gained a lot from it.
Yours,
Li Hua
第二节
Paragraph 1:
The car abruptly stopped in front of him. "Come on, get in the car quickly!" Paul yelled. Without any hesitation, Mac jumped off his bicycle and dashed to the back door of the car. It was locked! Thinking of the wolf's bloody mouth, Mac was nearly dead with fright. He could even imagine the wolf's teeth tearing into his flesh. Just at that moment, the door was unlocked by Becky and the frightened man dived in, shutting the door just before the wolf pounced on him. So angry was the wolf that it kept roaring and smacking the window violently. Luckily, the car was hard to protect them. After quite a while, realizing whatever it did was in vain and that it was impossible to catch Mac, the disappointed wolf left, disappearing into the woods eventually. Mac sat in the car, his heart still fluttering with fear.
Paragraph 2:
A few minutes later, the other two cyclists arrived. They were surprised to find Mac's bicycle lying on the road, his tent bag torn and Mac just like a drowned mouse. "Mac, what on earth has happened " "I was almost killed by a wolf!" When told about Mac's thrilling experience, they couldn't help crying out, "What a narrow escape!" "Yes, without their timely help, I'd have ended up in the wolf's stomach!" Mac's friends were also grateful to Paul and Becky. Afraid that there might be more potential dangers ahead, Paul and Becky offered to drive them to Alaska. Whether they would enjoy the rest of the journey, only Mac could tell.
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