外研版（2019）选择性必修 第一册Unit 2 Onwards and upwards B卷 能力提升（含答案）
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Unit 2 Onwards and upwards B卷 能力提升—2023-2024学年高二英语外研版（2019）选择性必修第一册单元达标测试卷
考试时间：90分钟
满分：120分
第一部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
The Lake District Attractions Guide
Dalemain Mansion & Historic Gardens
History, Culture & Landscape(景观). Discover and enjoy 4 centuries of history, 5 acres of celebrated and award-winning gardens with parkland walk. Owned by the Hasell family since 1679, home to the International Marmalade Festival. Gifts and antiques, plant sales, museums & Mediaeval Hall Tearoom.
Open: 29 Mar-29 Oct, Sun to Thurs.
Tearoom, Gardens & Gift Shop: 10:30-17:00 (16:00 in Oct).
House: 11:15-16:00 (15:00 in Oct).
Town: Pooley Bridge & Penrith
Abbot Hall Art Gallery & Museum
Those viewing the quality of Abbot Hall's temporary exhibitions may be forgiven for thinking they are in a city gallery. The impressive permanent collection includes Turners and Romneys and the temporary exhibition programme has Canaletto and the artists from St Ives.
Open: Mon to Sat and Summer Sundays. 10:30-17:00 Summer. 10:30-16:00 Winter.
Town: Kendal
Tullie House Museum & Art Gallery
Discover, explore and enjoy award-winning Tullie House, where historic collections, contemporary art and family fun are brought together in one impressive museuma and art gallery. There are four fantastic galleries to visit from fine art to interactive fun, so there's something for everyone!
Open: High Season 1 Apr-31 Oct: Mon to Sat 10:00-17:00, Sun 11:00-17:00.
Low Season 1 Nov-31 Mar: Mon to Sat 10:00-16:30, Sun 12:00-16:30.
Town: Carlisle
Dove Cottage & The Wordsworth Museum
Discover William Wordsworth's inspirational home. Take a tour of his Lakeland cottage, walk through his hillside garden and explore the riches of the collection in the Museum. Visit the shop and relax in the café. Exhibitions, events and family activities throughout the year.
Open: Daily, 09:30-17:30 (last admission 17:00)
Town: Grasmere
1.When is the House at Dalemain Mansion & Historic Gardens open on Sundays in July
A.09:30-17:30. B.10:30-16:00.
C.11:15-16:00. D.12:00-16:30.
2.What can visitors do at Abbot Hall Art Gallery & Museum
A.Enjoy Romney's works. B.Have some interactive fun.
C.Attend a famous festival. D.Learn the history of a family.
3.Where should visitors go if they want to explore Wordsworth's life
A.Penrith. B.Kendal. C.Carlisle. D.Grasmere.
B
A PhD student in Michigan defended her paper while wearing a skirt made of rejection letters she received while studying. 29-year-old Caitlin Kirby printed out 17 of her rejection letters—from scholarships, academic journals, and conferences—then folded each one into a fan. She connected them in rows, and by the end she designed the item into a skirt and wore it.
She said that the idea behind her unique clothing item came out of a desire to normalize rejection and take pride in overcoming it. "The whole process of revisiting those old letters and making that skirt sort of reminded me that you have to apply to a lot of things to succeed," she said. "A natural part of the process is to get rejected along the way."
Caitlin's adviser, Julie Libarkin, a professor of earth and environmental science at Michigan State University, also encourages the acceptance of failure in her students. Libarkin believes it's important for students to get into habit of applying for things, and to get used to the feeling of rejection, so she encourages them to chase after any opportunity that comes their way. If a student doesn't get the grant or the spot in the academic journal, that's okay. They'll still have learned something in the process.
As for Caitlin Her rejections over the years have led to great things: Since her doctorate, she's won a scholarship to do further research on urban agriculture in Germany.
Currently, she's a post-doctoral researcher at the University of Nebraska-Lincoln. As for what the future holds "I'm prepared to receive a few more rejection letters along the way," she joked heartily, "Maybe I'll make a longer skirt."
1.What can we learn about Caitlin Kirby's rejection letters
A.She received 17 rejections in total.
B.29 of her rejections were from journals.
C.The rejections were connected into a fan.
D.She made some rejection letters into a skirt.
2.What is Julie Libarkin's attitude towards Caitlin's action
A.Favorable. B.Ambiguous. C.Skeptical. D.Opposed.
3.Which of the following words can best describe Catlin
A.Creative and considerate. B.Caring and determined.
C.Optimistic and humorous. D.Generous and intelligent.
4.Which of the following may Caitlin agree with
A.Hard work pays off. B.Education is the entrance to success.
C.Self-respect earns more respect. D.One needs to normalize failures.
C
Alex Elman runs a big business—something hard to imagine after she lost her sight in her twenties. But Elman says that losing her sight helped her focus on finding success.
Elman's father planted a hillside vineyard in western Massachusetts in 1981. It's where Elman fled during the darkest period of her life. When she was 27 years old, she went blind due to complications from juvenile diabetes(幼年型糖尿病) 17 years ago. She recalled, “I hid in my home. I hid in the place, to me, that was the safest place in the world.”
Elman is now the founder of Alex Elman Wines, a growing portfolio(系列) of organic wines from all around the world: Chianti from Italy, Torrontes from Argentina. Elman doesn't work alone. Her assistant, a guide dog named Hanley, is something of a wine snob, and quite a beggar. Hanley travels to all of the wineries that Elman does, from South America to Europe.
At first, Elman resisted the idea of a seeing-eye dog. Now it's hard to imagine her life, or her business, without him. She said, “When someone tells me something is organic and I don't really believe it because I taste something funny on it, I'll put it in front of his face and if he likes the wine, he'll actually go in and sniff it. If it's not right, he'll turn his head away. He gets in the dirt with me. He scratches around. He makes sure that we see earthworms and butterflies. That's how we know that the soil is actually organic and there are no chemicals.”
Elman told CBS News she believes the loss of her vision was a gift. She said, “It allowed me to pay attention to what I thought was important and also to be able to teach people that the broken hang nail is not a big deal, you know what I mean Don't sweat the small stuff. Don't sweat the big stuff either.”
1.What can we know about Elman from Paragraph 2
A. She suffered from juvenile diabetes from 27years old.
B. She liked playing hide-and-seek during her childhood.
C. She lost her sight while helping with farm work in 1981.
D. She got through her hard days in the vineyard.
2.What would Elman do when she couldn't judge the wine exactly
A. She would make Hanley go in and sniff it.
B.She would order Hanley to drink it.
C.She would turn to Hanley for advice.
D.She would have another taste herself.
3.What does the underlined words “the broken hang nail” in the last paragraph refer to
A.A nail which is of no use.
B. A task that it's hard to accomplish.
C. A disadvantage you have in your life.
D. A person who is hard to deal with.
4.According to the passage, which of the following will Elman most probably agree with
A. When life gives you lemons, make lemonade.
B.The eye is blind if the mind is absent.
C. A single tree does not make a forest.
D.There is no royal road to success.
D
Bee see, bee do. At least that's the conclusion of research published earlier this month in the journal PLOS Biology, showing that bumblebees learn to solve problems by watching each other.
In the first study of its kind in insects, scientists constructed experiments that challenged bees to pull strings in order to access rewards of nectar(花蜜).
The scientists hoped their study would throw light on a bigger picture: how social learning spreads through a population.
In the study, Lars Chittka from Queen Mary University of London and his team made artificial flowers and filled them with artificial nectar made of sugar water. They put the flowers under a clear type of plastic and attached a string.
Then they added bees. While most of the insects failed to reach the nectar, a few eventually figured out how to access it, by pulling the string.
The team discovered that they could greatly increase the success rate of the bees by first placing them inside a transparent(透明的) box where they could observe an experienced bee pull the string. Then, when the boxed bees were released, they often knew what to do and successfully pulled the string to obtain nectar.
Next, the researchers added a bee that was experienced in string pulling to each of three new groups that had never seen the experiment before. Within a short time, about half of all those bees were soon pulling the strings. That result suggests the learned behavior could spread from bee to bee, similar to the way cultural ideas spread in other animals, including people.
The experiment suggests that social learning may be more widespread in the animal kingdom than people previously thought.
1. What happened after the bee pulled the string
A. It joined others. B. It saw flowers.
C. It found water. D. It got nectar.
2. What did the boxed bees do after being set free
A. They watched the experienced bee work. B. They imitated the experienced bee.
C. They flew directly to the rewards. D. They flew back to the box.
3. Why was an experienced bee added to new bee groups
A. To reduce the difficulty of the experiment.
B. To watch the process of string pulling.
C. To carry the experiment further.
D. To keep the bees' interest.
4. What does the study find
A. Most animals create their own cultures.
B. Strings are particularly attractive to bees.
C. Animals may have good social learning ability.
D. Bumblebees may be smarter than other bee species.
第二节 （共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
“Some kids are naturally more competitive than others,”says professional adviser Roseann Clay. But certain factors play into the behavior of kids to make them want to win at everything.
One factor is that kids are becoming aware of what others think of them. Winning games and getting those top grades is a way to get loads of attention.①_________When kids have a genuine fear of losing, this can drive them to be more competitive. And when they lose, bad emotions usually follow. How can parents deal with kids who get angry or upset when they don't win all the time
②_________Roseann suggests that parents make a point of showing how they handle losing well, while still having fun. And before any competitive activity or game, make sure everyone knows what the rules and expected behaviors are. This helps a child shift from an “I'm only good if I win” attitude to “I'm having fun” attitude.
If a child is pushed to be too competitive and care about winning above all else, their emotional well-being is put at risk. The knock-on effect is that their confidence remains low.③_________.
Also, some children's anxiety causes them to be afraid of competition.
④_________They should to open up conversation and focus on the feelings of kids and not their behaviors.
⑤_________We can help them celebrate and enjoy all the small steps it took to get there, and encourage a more positive outlook and healthy competition. This will serve them throughout life as they manage stress.
A. Not all kids want to win.
B. Kids can still celebrate a win.
C. Parents shouldn't push these kids.
D. Insecurity can also be a factor here.
E. Insecure children want to win everything.
F. This can really rock a developing child's emotional core.
G. Children can learn to manage their emotions with role modeling.
第二部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
This is the story of two lovers, who finally got married. Both of them were romantic at first, 1 on the walk of life, problems and quarrels came into their life.
One day, she finally decided "I want to break up". "Why " he asked.
"I am 2 ." she answered.
He kept silent the whole night, seemingly in deep thought. Finally he asked, "What can I do to 3 your mind "
Looking into his eyes she said, "Answer my question. If you can 4 my heart, I will change my mind. Let's say, I want a flower growing on the face of a mountain cliff, but we both are sure that picking the flower will cause your 5 , will you do it for me "
He said, "I will give you my 6 tomorrow."
When she woke up the next morning she found him gone, and saw a piece of paper on her bed, which read "My dear, I would not pick that flower for you, the 7 are..."
"When you use the computer you always mess up the software and you cry in front of the screen. I have to save my fingers so that I can help to restore the programs. You always leave the house keys behind, thus I have to save my 8 to rush home to open the door for you. You love traveling but always lose your way in a(n) 9 city. I have to save my hands to show you the way. You always 10 at the computer, and that will do nothing good for your eyes. I have to save my eyes 11 when we grow old, I can help to clip your nails and help to remove those 12 white hairs."
"Thus, my dear, unless I am sure that there is someone who loves you 13 I do...I could not pick that flower yet, and die..."
That's life, and 14 . Flowers and romantic moments only appear on the 15 of the relationship. Under all this, the pillar of true love stands.
1.A.but B.and C.or D.so
2.A.lonely B.shamed C.tired D.worried
3.A.speak B.change C.blow D.keep
4.A.represent B.expand C.admit D.convince
5.A.attention B.satisfaction C.interest D.death
6.A.agreement B.answer C.announcement D.judgment
7.A.meanings B.messages C.reasons D.purposes
8.A.legs B.patience C.energy D.dollars
9.A.ancient B.new C.modern D.underground
10.A.shout B.jump C.knock D.stare
11.A.as if B.now that C.so that D.in case
12.A.annoying B.enjoyable C.dusty D.amusing
13.A.less than B.rather than C.more than D.other than
14.A.determination B.love C.progress D.power
15.A.surface B.way C.principle D.nature
第二节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
There are several reasons why school uniforms are a good idea. First of all, uniforms help the school look smart. The students feel that they belong to a particular group. When every pupil in the school wears the uniform, nobody ①__________(have) to worry about fashion (时尚). Everybody wears ②__________ same style of clothes. Uniforms can be useful in unexpected ways. A school in Ireland has introduced an interesting new uniform. On the edge of the jacket, there is a piece of cloth ③__________ gives off light in the dark. When the children are walking or ④__________ (cycle) to school on dark mornings, car drivers can ⑤__________ (easy) see them.
But can uniforms help improve school standards The answer ⑥__________ this question is not clear. One study in America found that students' grades ⑦__________ (improve) a little after the school introduced uniforms. But some students didn't want ⑧__________ (wear) the uniform. Other American studies showed no ⑨__________ (connect) between uniforms and school performance.
School uniforms are ⑩__________ (tradition) in Britain, but some schools are starting to get rid of them. Some very good schools don't have a uniform policy. However, uniforms are still popular. Pupils at about 90 percent of British secondary schools wear uniforms.
第三部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节 （满分15分）
假定你校英语社团将举办以“Follow Your Dreams”为主题的英语演讲活动。请用英语写一篇演讲稿,内容主要包括:
1. 梦想的意义;
2. 如何实现梦想。
注意:
1.词数100左右(开头和结尾已给出,但不计入总词数);2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
Good afternoon, everyone! ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
That's all. Thank you.
第二节 （满分25分）
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。
My mother always told me it was better to be smart than to be beautiful. "If you are smart, finally you will afford to be beautiful." All I needed were the brains, and someday, I would be a really beautiful lawyer.
My mother worked at a TV station and I would come along and watch the magic of filming TV shows. But all the same, I was learning.
When my father's business failed, I was able to continue to attend one of the best bilingual (双语的) schools in Mexico City thanks to my scholarship. The scholarship followed me into middle school and high school.
However, during my senior year in high school my family moved to my dad's country, the United States. For the first time in my life, I had optional classes. So I decided to take the psychology class. While I found the public school system to be a joke, I did find my psychology class attractive. My mother, in her dreams for my life, did not see psychology as a good choice, but I was like her, strong-willed to the subject.
I married young, even before I had a degree under my belt. Worst of all, I married a kid who wanted to be a poster (牧师). My mother loved Andy dearly but she would ask him occasionally, "When will you have a real job " I did finish my degree and I became a social worker, but when I had my first child at age 24, I quit my job. Then at 26, another baby girl joined our family. Unfortunately, this baby girl had Down syndrome (唐氏综合征).
How would I be able to break the news to my mother "It is better to be smart than to be beautiful." I knew what "smart" meant in the statement, and I doubted if mine with an extra chromosome (染色体) would meet those expectations. My mom was coming to the hospital to meet her new grandbaby. I would tell her then. I needed time to gather my thoughts. I was afraid that she would see Nichole as one that would never be smart or beautiful.
Paragraph 1:
My mother arrived at the hospital mid-morning, ready to meet her new granddaughter. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2:
Six years later, Nichole runs to Mom whenever we see her. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
答案以及解析
第一部分 阅读理解
第一节
A
1.答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据第一部分中的"House: 11:15-16:00 (15:00 in Oct)."可知, 在七月周日的参观时间是11:15-16:00, 故选C项。
2.答案：A
解析：细节理解题。根据第二部分中的"The impressive permanent collection includes Turners and Romneys and the temporary exhibition programme has Canaletto and the artists from St Ives."可知, 在这个博物馆可以欣赏到Romney的作品。故选A项。
3.答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据最后一部分第一句以及最后一行"Town: Grasmere"可知, 如果游客想了解Wordsworth的生活可以去Grasmere。故选D项。
B
1.答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据文章第一段“29-year-old Caitlin Kirby printed out 17 of her rejection letters—from scholarships, academic journals, and conferences—then folded each one into a fan. She connected them in rows, and by the end she designed the item into a skirt and wore it.(29岁的Caitlin Kirby打印了17封拒绝信—有来自奖学金、学术期刊和会议的—然后把每一封折叠成一个扇子。她把它们连成一排,最后把这件衣服设计成裙子,然后穿在身上)”可知,Caitlin Kirby将收到的拒绝信做成了一件裙子。故选D。
2.答案：A
解析：推理判断题。根据文章第三段“Caitlin's adviser, Julie Libarkin, a professor of earth and environmental science at Michigan State University, also encourages the acceptance of failure in her students. Libarkin believes it's important for students to get into habit of applying for things, and to get used to the feeling of rejection, so she encourages them to chase after any opportunity that comes their way.(Caitlin的导师、密歇根州立大学地球与环境科学教授Julie Libarkin也鼓励学生接受失败。Libarkin认为,对学生来说,养成申请的习惯并习惯被拒的感觉非常重要。因此,她鼓励学生们追逐任何机会)”可推断,Julie Libarkin对Caitlin的行为是赞成的。故选A。
3.答案：C
解析：推理判断题。根据文章第一段“A PhD student in Michigan defended her paper while wearing a skirt made of rejection letters she received while studying. (密歇根的一名博士生在她的论文答辩时,她穿着一条裙子,裙子是由她在学习期间收到的拒绝信做成的)”和最后一段"I'm prepared to receive a few more rejection letters along the way," she joked heartily, "Maybe I'll make a longer skirt."(我还会收到更多的拒绝信,”她开玩笑说,“也许我会做一条长一点的裙子。”)可推断,Caitlin Kirby乐观且幽默。故选C。
4.答案：D
解析：推理判断题。根据文章第二段"The whole process of revisiting those old letters and making that skirt sort of reminded me that you have to apply to a lot of things to succeed," she said. "A natural part of the process is to get rejected along the way." (“翻看那些旧信件、制作那条裙子的整个过程在某种程度上提醒了我,要想成功,你必须申请很多职位。”她说。“在这个过程中,被拒绝是很自然的一部分。”)可推断,我们需要将失败正常化。故选D。
C
1.答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“It's where Elman fled during the darkest period of her life.”和“I hid in the place, tome, that was the safest place in the world.”可知,埃尔曼在葡萄园度过了艰难的日子。故选D项。
2.答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中的“I'll put it in front of his face and if he likes the wine, he'll actually go in and sniff it. If it's not right, he'll turn his head away”可知,如果埃尔曼不能准确判断葡萄酒,她会向汉利寻求建议。故选C项。
3.答案：C
解析：词义猜测题。根据最后一段中的“Elman told CBS News she believes the loss of her vision was a gift.”和“It allowed me to pay attention to what I thought was important”可知,在埃尔曼看来,人生中的缺陷是一份礼物,因为它让人们能够关注自己认为重要的事情,故画线部分表示“劣势,缺陷”。故选C项。
4.答案：A
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Elman told CBS News she believes the loss of her vision was a gift.”可知,在埃尔曼看来,人生中的缺陷是一份礼物。“When life gives you lemons, make lemonade.”的寓意为“遇到困境不退缩,逆流而上,苦中作乐,看到生活中阳光的一面”,符合埃尔曼的人生观。故选A项。
D
答案：1-4 DBCC
解析：1.细节理解题。根据第二段中的“pull strings in order to access rewards of nectar”和第五段中的“a few eventually figured out how to access it， by pulling the string”可知，蜜蜂把绳拉动之后就可以得到花蜜。
2.细节理解题。根据倒数第三段中的“when the boxed bees were released, they often knew what to do and successfully pulled the string to obtain nectar”可知，把蜜蜂从透明盒子里放出来之后，它们就会模仿那只有经验的蜜蜂拉绳取蜜。
3.推理判断题。根据倒数第三段中的“placing them inside a transparent box where they could observe an experienced bee pull the string”和倒数第二段中的“each of three new groups that had never seen the experiment before”可知，在后一个实验中，蜜蜂面临的挑战升级，这样做的目的就是使研究更深入。
4.细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“the learned behavior could spread from bee to bee, similar to the way cultural ideas spread in other animals， including people”和最后一段中的“social learning may be more widespread in the animal kingdom than people previously thought”可知，这项研究发现动物们可能具有良好的相互学习的能力。
第二节
答案：DGFCB
解析：①第二段主要叙述了影响孩子行为、让他们想赢的两个因素。“One factor is that kids are becoming aware of what others think of them. Winning games and getting those top grades is a way to get loads of attention.”是一个因素。空后叙述了“孩子输了会有不好的情绪”,即没有安全感,这也是一个因素。分析选项可知,D项符合语境,故选D项。
②空后Roseann建议父母们应该展示他们是如何在享受快乐的同时处理好失败的……这有助于孩子从“我只有赢了才算优秀”的态度转变为“我正在享受快乐”的态度。由此可推断出此处讲的是家长应给孩子树立如何管理情绪的榜样。分析选项可知,G项(孩子们可以通过榜样来学习管理他们的情绪)符合语境,故选G项。
③空前的内容说“如果孩子被逼得过于争强好胜,把胜利看得高于一切,他们的情感健康就会处于危险之中。连锁反应就是他们的信心会不足”,由此可推断出这会影响发育中的孩子的情感核心。分析选项可知,F项符合语境,故选F项。
④根据空后的内容“They should open up conversation and focus on the feelings of kids and not their behaviors.”可知,父母要开明,不能强迫孩子。分析选项可知,C项符合语境,故选C项。
⑤空后提到“We can help them celebrate and enjoy all the small steps it took to get there, and encourage a more positive outlook and healthy competition.”可知,B项符合语境,故选B项。
第二部分 语言知识运用
第一节
答案：1-5 ACBDD 6-10 BCABD 11-15 CACBA
解析：1.考查连词及上下文的呼应。but但是,表转折关系;and而且,表示递进关系;or或者,表示选择;so所以,表示结果。空格前romantic at first浪漫,空格后problems, quarrels问题,争吵,前后转折。句意:开始两人都浪漫,但一步入生活,问题,争吵,就进入了他们的生活。故选A。
2.考查形容词及上下文的呼应。lonely 孤独的,寂寞的; shamed 羞愧的,羞耻的; tired 疲倦的,厌烦的;worried 担心的。根据前文两个人争吵,妻子想break up分手,说明她厌倦了。句意:她回答道,“我感到厌烦了”。故选C。
3.考查动词及上下文的呼应。speak 说话,演讲; change 改变;blow 风吹; keep 保持。根据后文的妻子说I will change my mind. 我会改变主意。所以此处的句意为丈夫问:“我该怎样做才能改变你的主意 ”故选B。
4.考查动词及上下文的呼应。represent 呈现,赠送; expand 扩张; admit 承认; convince 说服,使信服。根据后文的I will change my mind. 妻子要改变主意,需丈夫做的事能够说服她。句意:如果你能说服我的心,我将会改变我的思想。故选D。
5.考查名词及上下文的呼应。attention 注意力; satisfaction 满意,满足; interest 兴趣,爱好; death 死亡。根据前文那种花长在悬崖峭壁上,去采摘它,可能会丧命。句意:我们都确信采摘花朵将会导致你的死亡。故选D 。
6.考查名词及上下文的呼应。agreement协议,同意;answer 回答,答案;announcement 宣布;judgment 判断,裁判。前文妻子说Answer my question.回答我的问题,所以此处应是丈夫给出答复。句意:他说:“明天我会给你我的答案”。故选B。
7.考查名词及上下文的呼应。meanings 意义,含义;messages 信息,留言;reasons原因,理由;purposes 目的。根据后文丈夫说留着自己的命来帮助妻子解决生活的难题,这是他不去悬崖上摘那朵花的原因。句意:亲爱的,我不愿意为你去悬崖上摘那朵花,原因是。故选C。
8.考查名词及上下文的呼应。Legs腿; patience耐心; energy精力,能量;dollars美元。根据前文save my fingers 保留指甲,保留人体的部位,所以to rush home为了冲回家,需要保留的人体部位应是腿。句意:因此我必须保留我的腿冲回家为你开门。故选A。
9.考查形容词及上下文的呼应。ancient 古代的,古老的;new 新的;modern 现代的;underground地下的。根据前文的traveling but always lose your way 旅游但是总迷路,可知是在一座新去的城市。句意:你喜欢旅游,但是总在新去的城市里迷路。故选B。
10.考查动词及上下文的呼应。shout 呼喊;jump 跳跃;knock 敲打; stare凝视,盯着看。根据后文的do nothing good for your eyes对你的眼睛不好,可知她盯着电脑看的时间长。句意:你总是盯着电脑,那样对你的眼睛不好。故选D 。
11.考查连词及上下文的呼应。as if 仿佛,好像; now that 既然,由于; so that 以便;in case万一。后文的help to clip your nails 帮助剪指甲,是前文留着眼睛的目的。句意:我必须保留好我的眼睛以便于我们老的时候,我能够帮你剪指甲。故选C。
12.考查形容词及上下文的呼应。annoying讨厌的;enjoyable 令人愉快的; dusty落满灰尘的;amusing有趣的,好玩的。修饰后文的white hairs,前文的remove,所以长了白发要拔掉,可知白发是令人讨厌的。句意:我帮你拔掉讨厌的白发。故选A。
13.考查形容词短语辨析及上下文的呼应。less than 少于; rather than 而不是; more than多于;other than除了。后文的I could not pick that flower yet,我不去摘悬崖上的花,不去死,是因为没有比我更爱你了。句意:除非我相信有人比我更爱你。故选C。
14.考查名词及上下文的呼应。determination 决心,果断; love 爱情,爱; progress进步;power力量,能力。根据后文的the pillar of true love stands真爱的支柱,以及全文围绕那对夫妻的爱情生活。句意:这就是生活,这就是爱。故选B 。
15.考查名词及上下文的呼应。surface表面;way方法;principle 原理,原则;nature自然,本性。后文的Under all this,在这一切之下,对应的是在这一切的表面。句意:鲜花,浪漫的时刻只在表面的关系时使用和出现。故选A。
第二节
答案：①has/will have; ②the ; ③that/which; ④cycling ;⑤easily ; ⑥to; ⑦improved ; ⑧to wear; ⑨connection/connections; ⑩traditional
解析：①考查时态。从句谓语wears用的一般现在时,所以主句也用现在时,故填has;也可以将来的行为,需用一般将来时,也可填will have。
②考查冠词。the same相同的,是固定短语,故填the。
③考查定语从句。先行词是cloth,在定语从句中做主语,并且指代物,故填that/which。
④考查动词。设空处与 walking并列,与are 连用构成现在进行时,故填cycling。
⑤考查副词。设空处修饰动词see,所以用副词,故填easily。
⑥考查介词。the answer to…,…的答案,固定短语,故填to。
⑦考查时态。根据句中 found和 introduced可知,指的是过去的事情,故填improved。
⑧考查非谓语动词。want后要跟不定式作宾语,故填to wear。
⑨考查名词。no后可以跟名词单数形式也可以跟名词复数形式,故填connection/connections。
⑩考查形容词。设空处作表语,又表示事物的特征,所以用形容词,故填traditional。
第三部分 写作
第一节
答案：
Good afternoon, everyone!
It is my honor to be here to share my opinions about dreams with you.
As James Allen put it, "Dreams are the seedlings of realities." Dreams inspire us to go after what we really want in life and push us to reach new heights. A life without dreams is like a garden without flowers. So all of us should first set great goals and then make careful plans to turn our dreams into realities. Though there will be a number of challenges in front of us, we should never lose heart and give up.
If we try really hard, I believe we are sure to make our dreams come true.
That's all. Thank you.
第二节
答案：
Paragraph 1:
My mother arrived at the hospital mid-morning, ready to meet her new granddaughter. I was at a loss because this baby girl had Down syndrome. I didn't know how to meet my mother. When I told her the truth, she didn't say a word for a long time. I realized that she wouldn't accept the baby. She always said, "It is better to be smart than to be beautiful." But I was wrong. At last she told me that I should face the reality bravely. We should support her new grandbaby well.
Paragraph 2:
Six years later, Nichole runs to Mom whenever we see her. Every time my mother plays with her grandbaby happily and buys some beautiful toys though the girl is suffering from serious disease. The girl gets on well with my mother. She never looks down upon her grandbaby who is in difficulty. In the hospital we didn't abandon the disabled baby und decided to bring her up. Then we knew we chose a tough way, but from then on we have never regretted for it. Instead, I think it was a right choice. I love my mother and we all love my children.
2
考试时间：90分钟
满分：120分
第一部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
The Lake District Attractions Guide
Dalemain Mansion & Historic Gardens
History, Culture & Landscape(景观). Discover and enjoy 4 centuries of history, 5 acres of celebrated and award-winning gardens with parkland walk. Owned by the Hasell family since 1679, home to the International Marmalade Festival. Gifts and antiques, plant sales, museums & Mediaeval Hall Tearoom.
Open: 29 Mar-29 Oct, Sun to Thurs.
Tearoom, Gardens & Gift Shop: 10:30-17:00 (16:00 in Oct).
House: 11:15-16:00 (15:00 in Oct).
Town: Pooley Bridge & Penrith
Abbot Hall Art Gallery & Museum
Those viewing the quality of Abbot Hall's temporary exhibitions may be forgiven for thinking they are in a city gallery. The impressive permanent collection includes Turners and Romneys and the temporary exhibition programme has Canaletto and the artists from St Ives.
Open: Mon to Sat and Summer Sundays. 10:30-17:00 Summer. 10:30-16:00 Winter.
Town: Kendal
Tullie House Museum & Art Gallery
Discover, explore and enjoy award-winning Tullie House, where historic collections, contemporary art and family fun are brought together in one impressive museuma and art gallery. There are four fantastic galleries to visit from fine art to interactive fun, so there's something for everyone!
Open: High Season 1 Apr-31 Oct: Mon to Sat 10:00-17:00, Sun 11:00-17:00.
Low Season 1 Nov-31 Mar: Mon to Sat 10:00-16:30, Sun 12:00-16:30.
Town: Carlisle
Dove Cottage & The Wordsworth Museum
Discover William Wordsworth's inspirational home. Take a tour of his Lakeland cottage, walk through his hillside garden and explore the riches of the collection in the Museum. Visit the shop and relax in the café. Exhibitions, events and family activities throughout the year.
Open: Daily, 09:30-17:30 (last admission 17:00)
Town: Grasmere
1.When is the House at Dalemain Mansion & Historic Gardens open on Sundays in July
A.09:30-17:30. B.10:30-16:00.
C.11:15-16:00. D.12:00-16:30.
2.What can visitors do at Abbot Hall Art Gallery & Museum
A.Enjoy Romney's works. B.Have some interactive fun.
C.Attend a famous festival. D.Learn the history of a family.
3.Where should visitors go if they want to explore Wordsworth's life
A.Penrith. B.Kendal. C.Carlisle. D.Grasmere.
B
A PhD student in Michigan defended her paper while wearing a skirt made of rejection letters she received while studying. 29-year-old Caitlin Kirby printed out 17 of her rejection letters—from scholarships, academic journals, and conferences—then folded each one into a fan. She connected them in rows, and by the end she designed the item into a skirt and wore it.
She said that the idea behind her unique clothing item came out of a desire to normalize rejection and take pride in overcoming it. "The whole process of revisiting those old letters and making that skirt sort of reminded me that you have to apply to a lot of things to succeed," she said. "A natural part of the process is to get rejected along the way."
Caitlin's adviser, Julie Libarkin, a professor of earth and environmental science at Michigan State University, also encourages the acceptance of failure in her students. Libarkin believes it's important for students to get into habit of applying for things, and to get used to the feeling of rejection, so she encourages them to chase after any opportunity that comes their way. If a student doesn't get the grant or the spot in the academic journal, that's okay. They'll still have learned something in the process.
As for Caitlin Her rejections over the years have led to great things: Since her doctorate, she's won a scholarship to do further research on urban agriculture in Germany.
Currently, she's a post-doctoral researcher at the University of Nebraska-Lincoln. As for what the future holds "I'm prepared to receive a few more rejection letters along the way," she joked heartily, "Maybe I'll make a longer skirt."
1.What can we learn about Caitlin Kirby's rejection letters
A.She received 17 rejections in total.
B.29 of her rejections were from journals.
C.The rejections were connected into a fan.
D.She made some rejection letters into a skirt.
2.What is Julie Libarkin's attitude towards Caitlin's action
A.Favorable. B.Ambiguous. C.Skeptical. D.Opposed.
3.Which of the following words can best describe Catlin
A.Creative and considerate. B.Caring and determined.
C.Optimistic and humorous. D.Generous and intelligent.
4.Which of the following may Caitlin agree with
A.Hard work pays off. B.Education is the entrance to success.
C.Self-respect earns more respect. D.One needs to normalize failures.
C
Alex Elman runs a big business—something hard to imagine after she lost her sight in her twenties. But Elman says that losing her sight helped her focus on finding success.
Elman's father planted a hillside vineyard in western Massachusetts in 1981. It's where Elman fled during the darkest period of her life. When she was 27 years old, she went blind due to complications from juvenile diabetes(幼年型糖尿病) 17 years ago. She recalled, “I hid in my home. I hid in the place, to me, that was the safest place in the world.”
Elman is now the founder of Alex Elman Wines, a growing portfolio(系列) of organic wines from all around the world: Chianti from Italy, Torrontes from Argentina. Elman doesn't work alone. Her assistant, a guide dog named Hanley, is something of a wine snob, and quite a beggar. Hanley travels to all of the wineries that Elman does, from South America to Europe.
At first, Elman resisted the idea of a seeing-eye dog. Now it's hard to imagine her life, or her business, without him. She said, “When someone tells me something is organic and I don't really believe it because I taste something funny on it, I'll put it in front of his face and if he likes the wine, he'll actually go in and sniff it. If it's not right, he'll turn his head away. He gets in the dirt with me. He scratches around. He makes sure that we see earthworms and butterflies. That's how we know that the soil is actually organic and there are no chemicals.”
Elman told CBS News she believes the loss of her vision was a gift. She said, “It allowed me to pay attention to what I thought was important and also to be able to teach people that the broken hang nail is not a big deal, you know what I mean Don't sweat the small stuff. Don't sweat the big stuff either.”
1.What can we know about Elman from Paragraph 2
A. She suffered from juvenile diabetes from 27years old.
B. She liked playing hide-and-seek during her childhood.
C. She lost her sight while helping with farm work in 1981.
D. She got through her hard days in the vineyard.
2.What would Elman do when she couldn't judge the wine exactly
A. She would make Hanley go in and sniff it.
B.She would order Hanley to drink it.
C.She would turn to Hanley for advice.
D.She would have another taste herself.
3.What does the underlined words “the broken hang nail” in the last paragraph refer to
A.A nail which is of no use.
B. A task that it's hard to accomplish.
C. A disadvantage you have in your life.
D. A person who is hard to deal with.
4.According to the passage, which of the following will Elman most probably agree with
A. When life gives you lemons, make lemonade.
B.The eye is blind if the mind is absent.
C. A single tree does not make a forest.
D.There is no royal road to success.
D
Bee see, bee do. At least that's the conclusion of research published earlier this month in the journal PLOS Biology, showing that bumblebees learn to solve problems by watching each other.
In the first study of its kind in insects, scientists constructed experiments that challenged bees to pull strings in order to access rewards of nectar(花蜜).
The scientists hoped their study would throw light on a bigger picture: how social learning spreads through a population.
In the study, Lars Chittka from Queen Mary University of London and his team made artificial flowers and filled them with artificial nectar made of sugar water. They put the flowers under a clear type of plastic and attached a string.
Then they added bees. While most of the insects failed to reach the nectar, a few eventually figured out how to access it, by pulling the string.
The team discovered that they could greatly increase the success rate of the bees by first placing them inside a transparent(透明的) box where they could observe an experienced bee pull the string. Then, when the boxed bees were released, they often knew what to do and successfully pulled the string to obtain nectar.
Next, the researchers added a bee that was experienced in string pulling to each of three new groups that had never seen the experiment before. Within a short time, about half of all those bees were soon pulling the strings. That result suggests the learned behavior could spread from bee to bee, similar to the way cultural ideas spread in other animals, including people.
The experiment suggests that social learning may be more widespread in the animal kingdom than people previously thought.
1. What happened after the bee pulled the string
A. It joined others. B. It saw flowers.
C. It found water. D. It got nectar.
2. What did the boxed bees do after being set free
A. They watched the experienced bee work. B. They imitated the experienced bee.
C. They flew directly to the rewards. D. They flew back to the box.
3. Why was an experienced bee added to new bee groups
A. To reduce the difficulty of the experiment.
B. To watch the process of string pulling.
C. To carry the experiment further.
D. To keep the bees' interest.
4. What does the study find
A. Most animals create their own cultures.
B. Strings are particularly attractive to bees.
C. Animals may have good social learning ability.
D. Bumblebees may be smarter than other bee species.
第二节 （共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
“Some kids are naturally more competitive than others,”says professional adviser Roseann Clay. But certain factors play into the behavior of kids to make them want to win at everything.
One factor is that kids are becoming aware of what others think of them. Winning games and getting those top grades is a way to get loads of attention.①_________When kids have a genuine fear of losing, this can drive them to be more competitive. And when they lose, bad emotions usually follow. How can parents deal with kids who get angry or upset when they don't win all the time
②_________Roseann suggests that parents make a point of showing how they handle losing well, while still having fun. And before any competitive activity or game, make sure everyone knows what the rules and expected behaviors are. This helps a child shift from an “I'm only good if I win” attitude to “I'm having fun” attitude.
If a child is pushed to be too competitive and care about winning above all else, their emotional well-being is put at risk. The knock-on effect is that their confidence remains low.③_________.
Also, some children's anxiety causes them to be afraid of competition.
④_________They should to open up conversation and focus on the feelings of kids and not their behaviors.
⑤_________We can help them celebrate and enjoy all the small steps it took to get there, and encourage a more positive outlook and healthy competition. This will serve them throughout life as they manage stress.
A. Not all kids want to win.
B. Kids can still celebrate a win.
C. Parents shouldn't push these kids.
D. Insecurity can also be a factor here.
E. Insecure children want to win everything.
F. This can really rock a developing child's emotional core.
G. Children can learn to manage their emotions with role modeling.
第二部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
This is the story of two lovers, who finally got married. Both of them were romantic at first, 1 on the walk of life, problems and quarrels came into their life.
One day, she finally decided "I want to break up". "Why " he asked.
"I am 2 ." she answered.
He kept silent the whole night, seemingly in deep thought. Finally he asked, "What can I do to 3 your mind "
Looking into his eyes she said, "Answer my question. If you can 4 my heart, I will change my mind. Let's say, I want a flower growing on the face of a mountain cliff, but we both are sure that picking the flower will cause your 5 , will you do it for me "
He said, "I will give you my 6 tomorrow."
When she woke up the next morning she found him gone, and saw a piece of paper on her bed, which read "My dear, I would not pick that flower for you, the 7 are..."
"When you use the computer you always mess up the software and you cry in front of the screen. I have to save my fingers so that I can help to restore the programs. You always leave the house keys behind, thus I have to save my 8 to rush home to open the door for you. You love traveling but always lose your way in a(n) 9 city. I have to save my hands to show you the way. You always 10 at the computer, and that will do nothing good for your eyes. I have to save my eyes 11 when we grow old, I can help to clip your nails and help to remove those 12 white hairs."
"Thus, my dear, unless I am sure that there is someone who loves you 13 I do...I could not pick that flower yet, and die..."
That's life, and 14 . Flowers and romantic moments only appear on the 15 of the relationship. Under all this, the pillar of true love stands.
1.A.but B.and C.or D.so
2.A.lonely B.shamed C.tired D.worried
3.A.speak B.change C.blow D.keep
4.A.represent B.expand C.admit D.convince
5.A.attention B.satisfaction C.interest D.death
6.A.agreement B.answer C.announcement D.judgment
7.A.meanings B.messages C.reasons D.purposes
8.A.legs B.patience C.energy D.dollars
9.A.ancient B.new C.modern D.underground
10.A.shout B.jump C.knock D.stare
11.A.as if B.now that C.so that D.in case
12.A.annoying B.enjoyable C.dusty D.amusing
13.A.less than B.rather than C.more than D.other than
14.A.determination B.love C.progress D.power
15.A.surface B.way C.principle D.nature
第二节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
There are several reasons why school uniforms are a good idea. First of all, uniforms help the school look smart. The students feel that they belong to a particular group. When every pupil in the school wears the uniform, nobody ①__________(have) to worry about fashion (时尚). Everybody wears ②__________ same style of clothes. Uniforms can be useful in unexpected ways. A school in Ireland has introduced an interesting new uniform. On the edge of the jacket, there is a piece of cloth ③__________ gives off light in the dark. When the children are walking or ④__________ (cycle) to school on dark mornings, car drivers can ⑤__________ (easy) see them.
But can uniforms help improve school standards The answer ⑥__________ this question is not clear. One study in America found that students' grades ⑦__________ (improve) a little after the school introduced uniforms. But some students didn't want ⑧__________ (wear) the uniform. Other American studies showed no ⑨__________ (connect) between uniforms and school performance.
School uniforms are ⑩__________ (tradition) in Britain, but some schools are starting to get rid of them. Some very good schools don't have a uniform policy. However, uniforms are still popular. Pupils at about 90 percent of British secondary schools wear uniforms.
第三部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节 （满分15分）
假定你校英语社团将举办以“Follow Your Dreams”为主题的英语演讲活动。请用英语写一篇演讲稿,内容主要包括:
1. 梦想的意义;
2. 如何实现梦想。
注意:
1.词数100左右(开头和结尾已给出,但不计入总词数);2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
Good afternoon, everyone! ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
That's all. Thank you.
第二节 （满分25分）
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。
My mother always told me it was better to be smart than to be beautiful. "If you are smart, finally you will afford to be beautiful." All I needed were the brains, and someday, I would be a really beautiful lawyer.
My mother worked at a TV station and I would come along and watch the magic of filming TV shows. But all the same, I was learning.
When my father's business failed, I was able to continue to attend one of the best bilingual (双语的) schools in Mexico City thanks to my scholarship. The scholarship followed me into middle school and high school.
However, during my senior year in high school my family moved to my dad's country, the United States. For the first time in my life, I had optional classes. So I decided to take the psychology class. While I found the public school system to be a joke, I did find my psychology class attractive. My mother, in her dreams for my life, did not see psychology as a good choice, but I was like her, strong-willed to the subject.
I married young, even before I had a degree under my belt. Worst of all, I married a kid who wanted to be a poster (牧师). My mother loved Andy dearly but she would ask him occasionally, "When will you have a real job " I did finish my degree and I became a social worker, but when I had my first child at age 24, I quit my job. Then at 26, another baby girl joined our family. Unfortunately, this baby girl had Down syndrome (唐氏综合征).
How would I be able to break the news to my mother "It is better to be smart than to be beautiful." I knew what "smart" meant in the statement, and I doubted if mine with an extra chromosome (染色体) would meet those expectations. My mom was coming to the hospital to meet her new grandbaby. I would tell her then. I needed time to gather my thoughts. I was afraid that she would see Nichole as one that would never be smart or beautiful.
Paragraph 1:
My mother arrived at the hospital mid-morning, ready to meet her new granddaughter. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2:
Six years later, Nichole runs to Mom whenever we see her. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
答案以及解析
第一部分 阅读理解
第一节
A
1.答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据第一部分中的"House: 11:15-16:00 (15:00 in Oct)."可知, 在七月周日的参观时间是11:15-16:00, 故选C项。
2.答案：A
解析：细节理解题。根据第二部分中的"The impressive permanent collection includes Turners and Romneys and the temporary exhibition programme has Canaletto and the artists from St Ives."可知, 在这个博物馆可以欣赏到Romney的作品。故选A项。
3.答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据最后一部分第一句以及最后一行"Town: Grasmere"可知, 如果游客想了解Wordsworth的生活可以去Grasmere。故选D项。
B
1.答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据文章第一段“29-year-old Caitlin Kirby printed out 17 of her rejection letters—from scholarships, academic journals, and conferences—then folded each one into a fan. She connected them in rows, and by the end she designed the item into a skirt and wore it.(29岁的Caitlin Kirby打印了17封拒绝信—有来自奖学金、学术期刊和会议的—然后把每一封折叠成一个扇子。她把它们连成一排,最后把这件衣服设计成裙子,然后穿在身上)”可知,Caitlin Kirby将收到的拒绝信做成了一件裙子。故选D。
2.答案：A
解析：推理判断题。根据文章第三段“Caitlin's adviser, Julie Libarkin, a professor of earth and environmental science at Michigan State University, also encourages the acceptance of failure in her students. Libarkin believes it's important for students to get into habit of applying for things, and to get used to the feeling of rejection, so she encourages them to chase after any opportunity that comes their way.(Caitlin的导师、密歇根州立大学地球与环境科学教授Julie Libarkin也鼓励学生接受失败。Libarkin认为,对学生来说,养成申请的习惯并习惯被拒的感觉非常重要。因此,她鼓励学生们追逐任何机会)”可推断,Julie Libarkin对Caitlin的行为是赞成的。故选A。
3.答案：C
解析：推理判断题。根据文章第一段“A PhD student in Michigan defended her paper while wearing a skirt made of rejection letters she received while studying. (密歇根的一名博士生在她的论文答辩时,她穿着一条裙子,裙子是由她在学习期间收到的拒绝信做成的)”和最后一段"I'm prepared to receive a few more rejection letters along the way," she joked heartily, "Maybe I'll make a longer skirt."(我还会收到更多的拒绝信,”她开玩笑说,“也许我会做一条长一点的裙子。”)可推断,Caitlin Kirby乐观且幽默。故选C。
4.答案：D
解析：推理判断题。根据文章第二段"The whole process of revisiting those old letters and making that skirt sort of reminded me that you have to apply to a lot of things to succeed," she said. "A natural part of the process is to get rejected along the way." (“翻看那些旧信件、制作那条裙子的整个过程在某种程度上提醒了我,要想成功,你必须申请很多职位。”她说。“在这个过程中,被拒绝是很自然的一部分。”)可推断,我们需要将失败正常化。故选D。
C
1.答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“It's where Elman fled during the darkest period of her life.”和“I hid in the place, tome, that was the safest place in the world.”可知,埃尔曼在葡萄园度过了艰难的日子。故选D项。
2.答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中的“I'll put it in front of his face and if he likes the wine, he'll actually go in and sniff it. If it's not right, he'll turn his head away”可知,如果埃尔曼不能准确判断葡萄酒,她会向汉利寻求建议。故选C项。
3.答案：C
解析：词义猜测题。根据最后一段中的“Elman told CBS News she believes the loss of her vision was a gift.”和“It allowed me to pay attention to what I thought was important”可知,在埃尔曼看来,人生中的缺陷是一份礼物,因为它让人们能够关注自己认为重要的事情,故画线部分表示“劣势,缺陷”。故选C项。
4.答案：A
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Elman told CBS News she believes the loss of her vision was a gift.”可知,在埃尔曼看来,人生中的缺陷是一份礼物。“When life gives you lemons, make lemonade.”的寓意为“遇到困境不退缩,逆流而上,苦中作乐,看到生活中阳光的一面”,符合埃尔曼的人生观。故选A项。
D
答案：1-4 DBCC
解析：1.细节理解题。根据第二段中的“pull strings in order to access rewards of nectar”和第五段中的“a few eventually figured out how to access it， by pulling the string”可知，蜜蜂把绳拉动之后就可以得到花蜜。
2.细节理解题。根据倒数第三段中的“when the boxed bees were released, they often knew what to do and successfully pulled the string to obtain nectar”可知，把蜜蜂从透明盒子里放出来之后，它们就会模仿那只有经验的蜜蜂拉绳取蜜。
3.推理判断题。根据倒数第三段中的“placing them inside a transparent box where they could observe an experienced bee pull the string”和倒数第二段中的“each of three new groups that had never seen the experiment before”可知，在后一个实验中，蜜蜂面临的挑战升级，这样做的目的就是使研究更深入。
4.细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“the learned behavior could spread from bee to bee, similar to the way cultural ideas spread in other animals， including people”和最后一段中的“social learning may be more widespread in the animal kingdom than people previously thought”可知，这项研究发现动物们可能具有良好的相互学习的能力。
第二节
答案：DGFCB
解析：①第二段主要叙述了影响孩子行为、让他们想赢的两个因素。“One factor is that kids are becoming aware of what others think of them. Winning games and getting those top grades is a way to get loads of attention.”是一个因素。空后叙述了“孩子输了会有不好的情绪”,即没有安全感,这也是一个因素。分析选项可知,D项符合语境,故选D项。
②空后Roseann建议父母们应该展示他们是如何在享受快乐的同时处理好失败的……这有助于孩子从“我只有赢了才算优秀”的态度转变为“我正在享受快乐”的态度。由此可推断出此处讲的是家长应给孩子树立如何管理情绪的榜样。分析选项可知,G项(孩子们可以通过榜样来学习管理他们的情绪)符合语境,故选G项。
③空前的内容说“如果孩子被逼得过于争强好胜,把胜利看得高于一切,他们的情感健康就会处于危险之中。连锁反应就是他们的信心会不足”,由此可推断出这会影响发育中的孩子的情感核心。分析选项可知,F项符合语境,故选F项。
④根据空后的内容“They should open up conversation and focus on the feelings of kids and not their behaviors.”可知,父母要开明,不能强迫孩子。分析选项可知,C项符合语境,故选C项。
⑤空后提到“We can help them celebrate and enjoy all the small steps it took to get there, and encourage a more positive outlook and healthy competition.”可知,B项符合语境,故选B项。
第二部分 语言知识运用
第一节
答案：1-5 ACBDD 6-10 BCABD 11-15 CACBA
解析：1.考查连词及上下文的呼应。but但是,表转折关系;and而且,表示递进关系;or或者,表示选择;so所以,表示结果。空格前romantic at first浪漫,空格后problems, quarrels问题,争吵,前后转折。句意:开始两人都浪漫,但一步入生活,问题,争吵,就进入了他们的生活。故选A。
2.考查形容词及上下文的呼应。lonely 孤独的,寂寞的; shamed 羞愧的,羞耻的; tired 疲倦的,厌烦的;worried 担心的。根据前文两个人争吵,妻子想break up分手,说明她厌倦了。句意:她回答道,“我感到厌烦了”。故选C。
3.考查动词及上下文的呼应。speak 说话,演讲; change 改变;blow 风吹; keep 保持。根据后文的妻子说I will change my mind. 我会改变主意。所以此处的句意为丈夫问:“我该怎样做才能改变你的主意 ”故选B。
4.考查动词及上下文的呼应。represent 呈现,赠送; expand 扩张; admit 承认; convince 说服,使信服。根据后文的I will change my mind. 妻子要改变主意,需丈夫做的事能够说服她。句意:如果你能说服我的心,我将会改变我的思想。故选D。
5.考查名词及上下文的呼应。attention 注意力; satisfaction 满意,满足; interest 兴趣,爱好; death 死亡。根据前文那种花长在悬崖峭壁上,去采摘它,可能会丧命。句意:我们都确信采摘花朵将会导致你的死亡。故选D 。
6.考查名词及上下文的呼应。agreement协议,同意;answer 回答,答案;announcement 宣布;judgment 判断,裁判。前文妻子说Answer my question.回答我的问题,所以此处应是丈夫给出答复。句意:他说:“明天我会给你我的答案”。故选B。
7.考查名词及上下文的呼应。meanings 意义,含义;messages 信息,留言;reasons原因,理由;purposes 目的。根据后文丈夫说留着自己的命来帮助妻子解决生活的难题,这是他不去悬崖上摘那朵花的原因。句意:亲爱的,我不愿意为你去悬崖上摘那朵花,原因是。故选C。
8.考查名词及上下文的呼应。Legs腿; patience耐心; energy精力,能量;dollars美元。根据前文save my fingers 保留指甲,保留人体的部位,所以to rush home为了冲回家,需要保留的人体部位应是腿。句意:因此我必须保留我的腿冲回家为你开门。故选A。
9.考查形容词及上下文的呼应。ancient 古代的,古老的;new 新的;modern 现代的;underground地下的。根据前文的traveling but always lose your way 旅游但是总迷路,可知是在一座新去的城市。句意:你喜欢旅游,但是总在新去的城市里迷路。故选B。
10.考查动词及上下文的呼应。shout 呼喊;jump 跳跃;knock 敲打; stare凝视,盯着看。根据后文的do nothing good for your eyes对你的眼睛不好,可知她盯着电脑看的时间长。句意:你总是盯着电脑,那样对你的眼睛不好。故选D 。
11.考查连词及上下文的呼应。as if 仿佛,好像; now that 既然,由于; so that 以便;in case万一。后文的help to clip your nails 帮助剪指甲,是前文留着眼睛的目的。句意:我必须保留好我的眼睛以便于我们老的时候,我能够帮你剪指甲。故选C。
12.考查形容词及上下文的呼应。annoying讨厌的;enjoyable 令人愉快的; dusty落满灰尘的;amusing有趣的,好玩的。修饰后文的white hairs,前文的remove,所以长了白发要拔掉,可知白发是令人讨厌的。句意:我帮你拔掉讨厌的白发。故选A。
13.考查形容词短语辨析及上下文的呼应。less than 少于; rather than 而不是; more than多于;other than除了。后文的I could not pick that flower yet,我不去摘悬崖上的花,不去死,是因为没有比我更爱你了。句意:除非我相信有人比我更爱你。故选C。
14.考查名词及上下文的呼应。determination 决心,果断; love 爱情,爱; progress进步;power力量,能力。根据后文的the pillar of true love stands真爱的支柱,以及全文围绕那对夫妻的爱情生活。句意:这就是生活,这就是爱。故选B 。
15.考查名词及上下文的呼应。surface表面;way方法;principle 原理,原则;nature自然,本性。后文的Under all this,在这一切之下,对应的是在这一切的表面。句意:鲜花,浪漫的时刻只在表面的关系时使用和出现。故选A。
第二节
答案：①has/will have; ②the ; ③that/which; ④cycling ;⑤easily ; ⑥to; ⑦improved ; ⑧to wear; ⑨connection/connections; ⑩traditional
解析：①考查时态。从句谓语wears用的一般现在时,所以主句也用现在时,故填has;也可以将来的行为,需用一般将来时,也可填will have。
②考查冠词。the same相同的,是固定短语,故填the。
③考查定语从句。先行词是cloth,在定语从句中做主语,并且指代物,故填that/which。
④考查动词。设空处与 walking并列,与are 连用构成现在进行时,故填cycling。
⑤考查副词。设空处修饰动词see,所以用副词,故填easily。
⑥考查介词。the answer to…,…的答案,固定短语,故填to。
⑦考查时态。根据句中 found和 introduced可知,指的是过去的事情,故填improved。
⑧考查非谓语动词。want后要跟不定式作宾语,故填to wear。
⑨考查名词。no后可以跟名词单数形式也可以跟名词复数形式,故填connection/connections。
⑩考查形容词。设空处作表语,又表示事物的特征,所以用形容词,故填traditional。
第三部分 写作
第一节
答案：
Good afternoon, everyone!
It is my honor to be here to share my opinions about dreams with you.
As James Allen put it, "Dreams are the seedlings of realities." Dreams inspire us to go after what we really want in life and push us to reach new heights. A life without dreams is like a garden without flowers. So all of us should first set great goals and then make careful plans to turn our dreams into realities. Though there will be a number of challenges in front of us, we should never lose heart and give up.
If we try really hard, I believe we are sure to make our dreams come true.
That's all. Thank you.
第二节
答案：
Paragraph 1:
My mother arrived at the hospital mid-morning, ready to meet her new granddaughter. I was at a loss because this baby girl had Down syndrome. I didn't know how to meet my mother. When I told her the truth, she didn't say a word for a long time. I realized that she wouldn't accept the baby. She always said, "It is better to be smart than to be beautiful." But I was wrong. At last she told me that I should face the reality bravely. We should support her new grandbaby well.
Paragraph 2:
Six years later, Nichole runs to Mom whenever we see her. Every time my mother plays with her grandbaby happily and buys some beautiful toys though the girl is suffering from serious disease. The girl gets on well with my mother. She never looks down upon her grandbaby who is in difficulty. In the hospital we didn't abandon the disabled baby und decided to bring her up. Then we knew we chose a tough way, but from then on we have never regretted for it. Instead, I think it was a right choice. I love my mother and we all love my children.
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