外研版（2019）选择性必修第一册Unit 6 Nurturing nature B卷 能力提升单元达标测试卷（含解析）
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| 名称 | 外研版（2019）选择性必修第一册Unit 6 Nurturing nature B卷 能力提升单元达标测试卷（含解析） |  | |
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Unit 6 Nurturing nature B卷 能力提升—2023-2024学年高二英语外研版（2019）选择性必修第一册单元达标测试卷
考试时间：90分钟
满分：120分
第一部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Like humans, animals need sleep too. A big problem for animals in the wild is keeping their enemies away while they sleep. Animals take care of this problem in different ways.
Anolis lizards live in many areas including tropical rainforests. They often sleep on leaves at the end of long branches. A leaf might seem like a strange bed, but it works like an alarm. If a hungry snake wiggles a branch, the lizard wakes up and leaps to safety.
Chimpanzees take their sleep very seriously. Each day, a chimpanzee builds itself a new, comfortable bed to sleep in. Scientists believe chimpanzees carefully choose a tree that is strong, where they build a nest using branches and leaves.
Parrotfish live among coral reefs in oceans. Every night, parrotfish usually sleep close to the rock in sheltered places. Some parrotfish go one step further by quickly making a slime layer that covers their whole body. This covering acts like a sleeping bag that provides a barrier against danger.
Bottle-nosed dolphins need to sleep, but they have to be on the ocean's surface to breathe. They also need to watch over their young. What do they do While half of the dolphin's brain sleeps, the other half stays awake. After a while, the sleeping half wakes up while the other half snoozes.
Sooty terns have the most amazing sleep. They nest on islands. When they are not nesting, they live for many years in the sky and on the sea's surface. When and where can they sleep Scientists believe they are able to sleep while they are flying, staying out of the reach of enemies.
1.What is the shared concern when wild animals sleep
A. Quietness. B. Time length. C.Comfort. D. Safety.
2.Which animals need the most preparation before sleep
A. Anolis lizards. B. Chimpanzees. C.Parrotfish. D. Sooty terns.
3.What do we know about the sleeping habit of bottle-nosed dolphins
A.They sleep on the job. B.They don't sleep at all.
C. They sleep deep in the ocean. D. They sleep the least of all animals.
B
A frail old man lived with his son, his daughter-in-law, and his four-year-old grandson. His eyes were blurry, his hands trembled, and his step faltered.
The family would eat together nightly at the dinner table. But the elderly grandfather's shaky hands and failing sight made eating rather difficult. Peas rolled off his spoon, dropping to the floor. When he grasped his glass of milk, it often spilled on to the tablecloth.
With this happening almost every night, the son and the daughter-in-law became irritated with the mess.
"We must do something about our father," said the son.
"I've had enough of his milk spilling, noisy eating and food on the floor," the daughter-in-law agreed.
So the couple set a small table at the corner.
There, the grandfather ate alone while the rest of the family enjoyed their dinner at the dinner table. Since the grandfather had broken a dish or two, his food was served in a wooden bowl. Sometimes when the family glanced in the grandfather's direction, he had a tear in his eye as he ate alone. Still, the only words the couple had for him were sharp admonitions when he dropped a fork or spilled food. The four-year-old grandson watched it all in silence.
One evening, before supper, the father noticed his son playing with wood scraps on the floor. He asked the child sweetly, "What are you making " Just as sweetly, the boy replied,"Oh,I'm making a little bowl for you and mama to eat your food from when I grow up." The four-year-old child smiled and went back to work.
These words were so powerful that the parents were speechless. Then tears streamed down their cheeks. Though no words were spoken, both the parents knew what must be done.
1.Which of the following statements is true about the grandfather
A.He became deaf because of his disease. B.He lost one of his hands in an accident.
C.He didn't like to eat together with the family. D.He had difficulty in eating.
2.What does the underlined word "irritated " in Paragraph 3 most probably mean
A.Sad. B.Angry. C.Merciful. D.Frightened.
3.From what the boy did and said, we can infer that_____.
A.the boy was not satisfied with his parents
B.the boy wanted to punish his parents in this way
C.grown-ups' words and behaviors influence the next generation badly
D.kids have great respect for the old
4.If the story continues, what will happen next
A.The couple still cared when a fork was dropped or milk was spilled.
B.That evening the couple taught the son a good lesson because of his bad behavior.
C.Father drove the grandfather out of their home.
D.That evening, the husband took grandfather's hand and gently led him back to the family table.
C
The Lifecycle of a T-shirt
We all probably have a lot of T-shirts, but do you ever stop and think about the influence of a T-shirt on the planet You'd probably be surprised to learn what's involved in the lifecycle of just one T-shirt.
There are 5 major stages: material, production, shipping, use and disposal. The material stage involves fanning, irrigating, fertilizing, harvesting and ginning (轧花). While cotton is a natural fiber (纤维) and not as harmful to the environment as man-made fibers, it still takes a toll in the material and production mercial cotton farming uses a large amount of water, and the use of pesticides (杀虫剂)is widespread across the globe, especially in cotton farming. Studies have shown that fanners spend around $4.1 billion on pesticides annually, of which 25% was spent on cotton crops in the US.
Once the cotton is grown and harvested, so begins the production stage: spinning, knitting (编织),bleaching, dyeing, cutting, sewing, etc.—these processes also use a great deal of water and energy. Commercial dyes and bleaches are harmful pollutants and can eventually pollute groundwater.
After the T-shirt is produced, it enters the transportation stage. This often involves overseas shipping. Take a look in your closet, chances are that most of your cotton garments (衣服) are made in China or India. Garments can be shipped via plane, ship or truck, all of which spill CO2 into the atmosphere. Calculations show that CO2 emissions from light trucks alone amount to 1.15 pounds per mile.
Once the T-shirt reaches the retail market, it is purchased. This stage may seem like the least environmentally damaging part. But consider the number of times you've washed and dried your favorite T-shirt. Washing machines are certainly becoming more efficient. However, the average American household does 400 loads of laundry per year, using about 40 gallons of water per load. Such excessive water use is combined with the large amount of energy used by dryers.
The final stage of life is disposal. This releases harmful emissions, or involves a landfill where cotton takes years to break down. Current US records show that an estimated 15% of clothes and shoes are recycled, which means that consumers send a shocking 85% of these materials to landfills.
We all need new clothes every once in a while, but let's all try to keep in mind what goes into the production of clothing. It has a real impact on the planet.
There are a lot of things you can do to help reduce your impact. Reuse and recycle clothes. If they're too worn out to wear, cut them up and use them as cleaning rags. Donate them to charity or another organization that recycles textiles. When possible, make an effort to buy organic cotton. Turn down the thermostat (恒温器)on your washer, and line dry your clothes when the weather will allow it.
1.What does the underlined phrase "takes a toll" probably mean
A.Wastes water. B.Takes a lot of time. C.Uses energy. D.Has a bad effect.
2.We can learn from the passage that in the US, ___________.
A.pesticides in cotton farming cost over 4 billion dollars every year
B.CO2 emissions of land transport amount to 1.15 pounds per mile
C.about 15% of the clothes and shoes are made of materials that are recycled
D.about 16,000 gallons of water is used annually by an average family on laundry
3.What can be inferred from this passage
A.The production process may affect water safety.
B.The clothing cost is relatively low in China and India.
C.Cotton clothes are buried because they are hard to break down.
D.The use stage is the least environmentally harmful of the five stages.
4.What is the purpose of this article
A.To encourage people to donate clothes to charity.
B.To promote eco-friendly actions related to clothes.
C.To persuade people to purchase more organic cotton.
D.To introduce the five stages in the lifecycle of clothing.
D
It is widely believed that biodiversity(生物多样性) is promoted to save species. But in reality species exist only as part of ecosystems and cannot survive unless their ecosystems are protected along with as much as possible of the diversity they contain.
Protecting habitats(栖息地) is important for keeping biodiversity. In 2003, over 102,000 habitats covering nearly 19 million square kilometres, or 11.5% of the world's land surface, were under some form of protection. Though this has been a great improvement since 1962, when just 1,000 protected habitats were listed, it is still not considered enough to stop the ecocide that is endangering the world's biodiversity.
For a number of environmentalists, protecting the world's 25 biodiversity hotspots(热点地区) is critical to saving habitats and species. But many hotspots are endangered already, having lost up to three-quarters of their original plants.
The poor state of most biodiversity hotspots results directly from population growth and migration (迁移) into these areas. A study found that by the mid-1990s around 1.1 billion people lived in these hotspots. Moreover, the annual population growth rate in these areas was 1.8%, higher than the global average of 1.4%. The PAI report concluded that human-related environmental changes would continue to put pressure on hotspots. Therefore, keeping biodiversity requires paying close attention to population size.
Protecting hotspots is not simply a matter of putting up fences and employing guards. The best results are achieved when local people are educated about the value of wildlife, and actually gain a share of the benefits from eco-tourism. Only then do they have a chance to see the benefits of protecting hotspots.
1.What can we infer from paragraph 1
A. The loss of any species can affect humans.
B. Endangered species are paid more attention to by humans.
C. Species can still survive when their ecosystems are destroyed.
D. Ecosystem protection is as important as diversity protection.
2.What does the underlined word "ecocide" in paragraph 2 mean
A. Ecosystem protection. B. Reduction of the number of species.
C. Serious damage to habitats. D. Habitat protection.
3.What's the direct cause of the terrible state of the hotspots
A. Population growth in hotspots.
B. Migration out of these areas.
C. Global warming.
D. The global average population growth rate.
4.What's the author's opinion on protecting the hotspots
A.It's simple to carry out.
B. It leads to the increase of tourists.
C. It's closely connected with local people.
D. It suggests that the local people are well educated.
第二节 （共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
VAR technology has been used in U. S. sports for years. Now it is fully combined with the global game of football and made its debut(首次亮相) at the 2018 World Cup. ①_________. It is actually a team who work together to review certain decisions made by the main referee (裁判) by watching video replays.
The VAR team support the referees from a centralized video operation room. The operators select and provide the best angles from relevant broadcast cameras plus two additional offside cameras. ②_________. They will communicate with the referee only for clear and obvious errors or serious missed incidents. The referee can delay the restart of play at any time to communicate with the VAR team. ③_________, the referee would start an official review. Then they will make a decision based on the information received from the VAR team.
④_________. Some fans believe that VAR causes too many interruptions, disrupting the flow of the game. But others just want a fair match and to see the correct call no matter what. They argue disruptions already take place as angry players crowd around a referee following a controversial decision. ⑤_________. With much money put into modern football, governing bodies are now under great pressure to see that the correct decisions are made on the pitch and VAR is a sure step in that.
A. If one team is likely to win a game
B. VAR stands for video assistant referee
C. It is hard to avoid and VAR is necessary
D. Once they decide an incident is reviewable
E. Throughout a match they are constantly checking for mistakes
F. The use of video technology is a hot topic among football watchers
G. VAR can serve to remove such scenes and get the game moving again
第二部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
World Environment Day is celebrated worldwide on June fifth. The United Nations 1 this special day in 1972 to get people to think about taking care of the 2 .
Public events for World Environment Day 3 from June first through June fifth. Every year World Environment Day is celebrated in a different 4 . In 2005 it was held in San Francisco, California. The main 5 of World Environment Day that year was "Green Cities, Plan for the Planet". The events and conferences showed us how to have "Green Cities".
Most people in the world live in cities, which makes them especially important areas of environmental 6 . Cities use more than seventy-five percentage of the world's natural 7 such as water and gasoline. World Environment Day will 8 on how people in cities can work together to help save the planet.
San Francisco held public talks to discuss pollution 9 , clean energy sources and the importance of healthy parks and gardens. Special experts were among the 10 . For example, former vice-president A1 Gore talked about climate changes. There were also 11 events such as music concerts, movies, and art shows. Local fanners and restaurant owners served food that had been 12 grown, "green" of course.
Gavin Newsom 13 city leaders from all over the world to attend this conference and 14 ideas. The United Nations hopes to create an international 15 that countries and citizens will follow.
1.A. arranged B. constructed C. conducted D. established
2.A. planet B. organization C. society D. system
3.A. take apart B. hold up C. take place D. put on
4.A. city B. date C. way D. direction
5.A. content B. message C. moral D. method
6.A. reference B. concern C. development D. argument
7.A. products B. power C. resources D. materials
8.A. rely B. live C. depend D. center
9.A. disappearance B. appearance C. reduction D. increase
10.A. speakers B. debaters C. competitors D. candidates
11.A. free B. extra C. fun D. funny
12.A. naturally B. privately C. frequently D. preciously
13.A. recommended B. commanded C. suggested D. invited
14.A. suggest B. share C. contribute D. supply
15.A. agreement B. contract C. file D. comment
第二节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
We often label(给……贴标签) ourselves as a lazy person. Our parents would call us this if we couldn't be bothered to do our homework the night before and ended up ①________(copy) someone else's work the next day. This can then develop into adulthood when we find ourselves spreading on the sofa and putting off the mountain of laundry ②________ may have been piling up for days.
Laziness is always connected with lack ③________ motivation. However, it can actually improve our life. For example, ④________ (have) a lazy attitude means you want to do less. This also creates a need to find ⑤________ effective way to achieve your tasks. This is why many excellent ⑥________ (inventor) admit that their creations are born out of personally wanting to spend ⑦________ (little) time doing more tasks. Ben Franklin once said, "I was the laziest man in the world. I invented all those things ⑧________ (save) myself from hard work. "
So, perhaps laziness shouldn't ⑨________ (consider) as a negative attitude. As long as you know the right time to get rid of it, it can actually bring you an advantage. Use focus and time to work ⑩________ (efficient) or use it as a time for reflection or creativity.
第三部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节 （满分15分）
如今,绿色生活方式已被人们广泛接受,并体现在生活的各个方面。某英语报社正在中学生中开展以“Green life at home”为主题的征文活动,请你用英语写一篇文章投稿。内容要点如下:
1. 介绍你在家的具体做法(如节能节水、环保购物等);
2. 向全社会提出绿色生活的倡议。
注意:
1.词数80左右;
2. 可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯;
3. 文章开头已经写好,不计入总词数。
Green life at home
Green lifestyle is becoming increasingly popular nowadays as it can help to reduce pollution and save energy.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
第二节 （满分25分）
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。
Jenny was a pretty eight-year-old girl.
One day when she and her mother were checking out at the grocery store, Jenny saw a plastic pearl necklace, by which she was totally defeated. How eagerly she wanted it! But when she saw the price, her heart sank a little. She gathered up her courage and asked her mother if she would buy it for her. Her mother said, “Well, it is a pretty necklace, but it costs an awful lot of money. I can buy you the necklace, but when we get home, we should make up a list of housework that you can do to pay for the necklace.” Jenny agreed immediately, feeling a burst of joy. So her mother bought the pearl necklace for her. Jenny worked on her housework determinedly and earnestly every day. Soon Jenny paid off the pearls.
Jenny had a very loving daddy. When Jenny went to bed, he would read Jenny her favourite story. One night when he finished the story, he said, “Jenny, do you love me ” “Oh, yes, Daddy, you know I love you,” the little girl said delightedly, with a broad smile on her face. “Well, then, give me your pearls.” Hearing that, Jenny froze there, an anxious expression twisting her face. “Oh! Daddy, not my pearls! But you can have Rosy, my favourite doll. Remember her You gave her to me last year for my birthday. Okay ” “Oh no, darling, that’s okay.” Her father brushed her cheek with a kiss, gently and calmly. “Good night, little one.”
A week later, her father once again asked Jenny after her story, “Do you love me ” “Oh yes, Daddy, you know I love you,” the little girl murmured softly, trying to escape from her father’s eyes. “Well, then, give me your pearls.” “Oh, Daddy, not my pearls! But you can have Ribbons, my toy horse. Do you remember her She is my favourite.” The little girl begged. “No, that’s okay,” her father said, smiling broadly and sweetly and brushed her cheek again with a kiss. “God bless you, little one. Sweet dreams.”
Paragraph 1:
Several days later, when Jenny’s father came in to read her story, Jenny was waiting anxiously for him on the bed.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2:
Holding the plastic pearl his daughter offered, the father dragged out a blue box. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
答案以及解析
第一部分 阅读理解
第一节
A
1.答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“A big problem for animals in the wild is keeping their enemies away while they sleep.”可知,野生动物在睡觉时共同的顾虑是其自身的安全问题。故选D项。
2.答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Each day, a chimpanzee builds itself a new, comfortable bed to sleep in.” “Scientists believe chimpanzees carefully choose a tree that is strong, where they build a nest using branches and leaves.”可知,黑猩猩睡前的准备工作做得最充足。故选B项。
3.答案：A
解析：细节理解题。根据第五段可知,宽吻海豚睡觉时需要照看它们的孩子,其两侧大脑交替保持清醒。故选A项。
B
答案：1-4.DBCD
解析：本文是一篇记叙文。年迈的老人因自己吃饭有困难而被自己的儿子和儿媳冷落,坐到墙角专为他而设的饭桌旁。孙子的所为使父母二人哑口无言,并且使他们意识到了自己的过错。
1.细节理解题。由第二段可以看出,祖父因为手和视力出现问题,吃饭时很费劲。
2.词义猜测题。通过后文夫妻俩的对话可以看出,夫妻俩对老人吃饭时造成的脏乱感到生气。irritated意为“恼怒的”。
3.推理判断题。孩子只是在模仿大人的行为,由此可以看出,成人的言行对孩子的影响是很大的。
4.推理判断题。从最后一段可以看出,孙子的话深深地触动了他的父母,并且使他们意识到了自己的过错,如果故事继续的话,应该是父亲把祖父又请回饭桌一起吃饭,不再对祖父有怨言。
C
答案：1-4.DDAB
解析：1.词义猜测题。根据文章第二段第三句可推知,虽然棉花不像人造纤维的害处一样大,但它仍然对环境有负面影响。
2.细节理解题。根据第五段中的“However, the average American household does 400 loads of laundry per year, using about 40 gallons of water per load.”可知,每年一个美国家庭平均要洗400次衣服,每次要用40加仑水,40×400=16000加仑,所以D项正确。
3.推理判断题。根据文章第三段可知,生产过程费水费电,而印染原料和漂白剂是有害的污染物,会严重污染地下水。
4.主旨大意题。根据全文内容及文章最后一段第一句可知,本文主旨是通过介绍T恤衫从原材料生产到运输,再到使用以及处理的过程中对环境造成的危害,呼吁人们要从自身穿衣开始为环保做贡献。
D
1.答案：D
解析：推理判断题。根据第一段第二句“But in reality species exist only as part of ecosystems and cannot survive unless their ecosystems are protected along with as much as possible of the diversity they contain.”可推断,生态系统保护与多样性保护同样重要。
2.答案：C
解析：词义猜测题。根据第二段画线词前的Though this has been a great improvement since 1962, when just 1,000 protected habitats were listed(虽然这与1962年仅列出1000个受保护的栖息地相比已经是很大的进步)和定语从句部分that is endangering the world's biodiversity(正危及世界生物多样性)可知,虽然受保护的栖息地数量在增加,但仍然不足以阻止危及世界生物多样性的环境破坏。由此可知ecocide意为“环境破坏”,与C项“栖息地被严重破坏”相近,故选C项。
3.答案：A
解析：细节理解题。根据第四段第一句“The poor state of most biodiversity hotspots results directly from population growth and migration into these areas.”可知,造成热点地区糟糕状况的直接原因是人口增长。
4.答案：C
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段第二、三句“The best results are achieved when local people are educated about the value of wildlife, and actually gain a share of the benefits from eco-tourism. Only then do they have a chance to see the benefits of protecting hotspots.”可推断,作者的观点是保护热点地区与当地人密切相关。
第二节
答案：BEDFG
解析：本文是一篇说明文,主要介绍了VAR技术在足球比赛中的应用,以及由此而引起的一些争议。
①上文是说多年来,VAR技术已经应用于美国的运动中,现在它已经完全与全球的足球比赛结合起来,而且在2018年的世界杯中首次亮相,而空后是说它实际是一个通过观看视频重放来共同评估主裁判的某些决定的团队,故B项(VAR表示视频助理裁判)符合语境,衔接上下文,故选B。
②根据空后一句可知,他们会为清晰而明显的错误或错过的事件和裁判沟通,E项(他们在整场比赛中持续检查错误)符合语境,故选E。
③根据空后的"the referee would start an official review"可知,裁判将开始一个官方的评估,与D项中的"reviewable"呼应,故选D。
④根据空处所在位置以及该段叙述的球迷对VAR在比赛中应用的一些看法可推知,F项(视频技术的应用在足球观看者之中是个热点话题)概括了本段的内容,故选F。
⑤根据空前一句可知,此处描述了一场球赛中的场景,G项中的"such scenes"与之呼应,故选G。
第二部分 语言知识运用
第一节
答案：1-5 DACAB 6-10 BCDCA 11-15 CADBA
解析：1.联合国在1972年设立（establish）这个特殊的日子。arrange安排；construct建造；conduct管理。
2.节日设置的目的是让人们考虑保护我们的星球（planet）。organization组织；society社会；system系统。
3.世界环境日的公众活动从6月1日到6月5日举行（take place）。take apart拆开；hold up举起；阻挡；put on穿上。
4.根据后文可知每年世界环境日在不同的城市（city）举办。date日期；way方式；direction方向。
5.那一年世界环境日的主题是"营造绿色城市，呵护地球家园"。content目录；message消息，main message"主题；主要信息"；moral道德；method方法。
6.根据上文especially important可知城市成为特别重要的环境关注（concern）领域。reference参考；development发展；argument争吵。
7.根据下文water and gasoline可知是指自然资源（resource）。product产品；power力量；material材料。
8.世界环境日将以城市居民如何共同努力拯救地球为中心（center）。rely依靠；live居住；depend取决于。
9.环境保护的目的是污染的减少（reduction）。disappearance消失；appearance外观；increase增加。
10.根据下文former vice-president Al Gore talked about climate changes可知发言者（speaker）中有一些专家。debater争论者；competitor竞争对手；candidate候选人。
11.根据下文music concerts，movies，and art shows可知是娱乐（fun）项目。free自由的；extra额外的；funny有趣的。
12.当地农民和餐馆老板提供的食物是自然（naturally）生长的，当然是"绿色"的。privately私密地；frequently频繁地；preciously昂贵地。
13.Gavin Newsom邀请（invite）了来自世界各地的城市领导人参加这次会议。recommend推荐；command命令；suggest建议。
14.根据下文ideas可知是分享（share）彼此的观点。suggest建议；contribute贡献；supply供给。
15.联合国希望建立一项国际协议（agreement），各国和公民将遵守该协议。contract合同；file文件；comment评价。
第二节
答案：copying; that/which; of; having; an; inventors; less; to save; be considered; efficiently
解析：我们经常说自己懒惰,懒惰也通常被认为是一种消极的品质,但事实上懒惰也可以帮助我们取得成功。
①end up doing sth.为固定搭配,意为“以做某事结束”。
②空白处所填词引导定语从句,在句中做主语,故填that/which。
③lack of为固定搭配,意为“缺乏”。
④此为动名词做主语。
⑤这里表示“一种高效的方法”,故用不定短词;又因为effective的发音是以元音音素开头的,故用an。
⑥根据空前的many可知,此处应填inventor的复数形式。
⑦根据句意“用更少的时间做更多的工作”可知,此处应填little的比较级。
⑧根据句意可知,此处用不定式做目的状语。
⑨主语laziness和consider之间为被动关系;根据空前shouldn't可知,此处应填be considered。
⑩空白处所填词在句中修饰动词work,故用其副词形式。
第三部分 写作
第一节
答案：
Green life at home
Green lifestyle is becoming increasingly popular nowadays as it can help to reduce pollution and save energy. It is easy to adopt in our daily life and here I'd like to share my practice at home.
To save water, I often try to reuse it for watering flowers after washing hands or vegetables and seldom do I leave the tap water running when showering or washing. Besides, when it is necessary to use the air conditioner, I usually set it to a proper temperature so that I can use less electricity and save money as well. Furthermore, I always keep in mind that I have all the lights switched off before leaving a room. What makes me most proud is that I have a cloth shopping bag made by myself for my regular shopping.
I'm fully convinced that as long as everyone sticks to the 3R principles—Reduce, Reuse, and Recycle, we will be moving a step closer to a green life day by day.
第二节
答案：
Paragraph 1:
Several days later, when Jenny’s father came in to read her story, Jenny was waiting anxiously for him on the bed. When listening to the story, Jenny was totally absent-minded, with her hands holding the necklace tightly and firmly. When the story came to an end, unexpectedly, Jenny offered her beloved necklace to her father, with her fingers trembling automatically. No one knew what the necklace meant to her. She whispered to her father, softly and gently, “Daddy, you know I love you more than the necklace.” Then, the necklace slid into her father’s hands determinedly.
Paragraph 2:
Holding the plastic pearl his daughter offered, the father dragged out a blue box. Much to Jenny’s amazement, a beautiful real pearl necklace lay peacefully in the box, which set her heart racing. Jenny froze there, a thrilled expression twisting her face. Before Jenny was able to say something, her father brushed a warm kiss on her face and gathered her into his arms. Holding the genuine necklace in her hand, Jenny lifted her lip, tears beginning to blur her vision.
2
考试时间：90分钟
满分：120分
第一部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Like humans, animals need sleep too. A big problem for animals in the wild is keeping their enemies away while they sleep. Animals take care of this problem in different ways.
Anolis lizards live in many areas including tropical rainforests. They often sleep on leaves at the end of long branches. A leaf might seem like a strange bed, but it works like an alarm. If a hungry snake wiggles a branch, the lizard wakes up and leaps to safety.
Chimpanzees take their sleep very seriously. Each day, a chimpanzee builds itself a new, comfortable bed to sleep in. Scientists believe chimpanzees carefully choose a tree that is strong, where they build a nest using branches and leaves.
Parrotfish live among coral reefs in oceans. Every night, parrotfish usually sleep close to the rock in sheltered places. Some parrotfish go one step further by quickly making a slime layer that covers their whole body. This covering acts like a sleeping bag that provides a barrier against danger.
Bottle-nosed dolphins need to sleep, but they have to be on the ocean's surface to breathe. They also need to watch over their young. What do they do While half of the dolphin's brain sleeps, the other half stays awake. After a while, the sleeping half wakes up while the other half snoozes.
Sooty terns have the most amazing sleep. They nest on islands. When they are not nesting, they live for many years in the sky and on the sea's surface. When and where can they sleep Scientists believe they are able to sleep while they are flying, staying out of the reach of enemies.
1.What is the shared concern when wild animals sleep
A. Quietness. B. Time length. C.Comfort. D. Safety.
2.Which animals need the most preparation before sleep
A. Anolis lizards. B. Chimpanzees. C.Parrotfish. D. Sooty terns.
3.What do we know about the sleeping habit of bottle-nosed dolphins
A.They sleep on the job. B.They don't sleep at all.
C. They sleep deep in the ocean. D. They sleep the least of all animals.
B
A frail old man lived with his son, his daughter-in-law, and his four-year-old grandson. His eyes were blurry, his hands trembled, and his step faltered.
The family would eat together nightly at the dinner table. But the elderly grandfather's shaky hands and failing sight made eating rather difficult. Peas rolled off his spoon, dropping to the floor. When he grasped his glass of milk, it often spilled on to the tablecloth.
With this happening almost every night, the son and the daughter-in-law became irritated with the mess.
"We must do something about our father," said the son.
"I've had enough of his milk spilling, noisy eating and food on the floor," the daughter-in-law agreed.
So the couple set a small table at the corner.
There, the grandfather ate alone while the rest of the family enjoyed their dinner at the dinner table. Since the grandfather had broken a dish or two, his food was served in a wooden bowl. Sometimes when the family glanced in the grandfather's direction, he had a tear in his eye as he ate alone. Still, the only words the couple had for him were sharp admonitions when he dropped a fork or spilled food. The four-year-old grandson watched it all in silence.
One evening, before supper, the father noticed his son playing with wood scraps on the floor. He asked the child sweetly, "What are you making " Just as sweetly, the boy replied,"Oh,I'm making a little bowl for you and mama to eat your food from when I grow up." The four-year-old child smiled and went back to work.
These words were so powerful that the parents were speechless. Then tears streamed down their cheeks. Though no words were spoken, both the parents knew what must be done.
1.Which of the following statements is true about the grandfather
A.He became deaf because of his disease. B.He lost one of his hands in an accident.
C.He didn't like to eat together with the family. D.He had difficulty in eating.
2.What does the underlined word "irritated " in Paragraph 3 most probably mean
A.Sad. B.Angry. C.Merciful. D.Frightened.
3.From what the boy did and said, we can infer that_____.
A.the boy was not satisfied with his parents
B.the boy wanted to punish his parents in this way
C.grown-ups' words and behaviors influence the next generation badly
D.kids have great respect for the old
4.If the story continues, what will happen next
A.The couple still cared when a fork was dropped or milk was spilled.
B.That evening the couple taught the son a good lesson because of his bad behavior.
C.Father drove the grandfather out of their home.
D.That evening, the husband took grandfather's hand and gently led him back to the family table.
C
The Lifecycle of a T-shirt
We all probably have a lot of T-shirts, but do you ever stop and think about the influence of a T-shirt on the planet You'd probably be surprised to learn what's involved in the lifecycle of just one T-shirt.
There are 5 major stages: material, production, shipping, use and disposal. The material stage involves fanning, irrigating, fertilizing, harvesting and ginning (轧花). While cotton is a natural fiber (纤维) and not as harmful to the environment as man-made fibers, it still takes a toll in the material and production mercial cotton farming uses a large amount of water, and the use of pesticides (杀虫剂)is widespread across the globe, especially in cotton farming. Studies have shown that fanners spend around $4.1 billion on pesticides annually, of which 25% was spent on cotton crops in the US.
Once the cotton is grown and harvested, so begins the production stage: spinning, knitting (编织),bleaching, dyeing, cutting, sewing, etc.—these processes also use a great deal of water and energy. Commercial dyes and bleaches are harmful pollutants and can eventually pollute groundwater.
After the T-shirt is produced, it enters the transportation stage. This often involves overseas shipping. Take a look in your closet, chances are that most of your cotton garments (衣服) are made in China or India. Garments can be shipped via plane, ship or truck, all of which spill CO2 into the atmosphere. Calculations show that CO2 emissions from light trucks alone amount to 1.15 pounds per mile.
Once the T-shirt reaches the retail market, it is purchased. This stage may seem like the least environmentally damaging part. But consider the number of times you've washed and dried your favorite T-shirt. Washing machines are certainly becoming more efficient. However, the average American household does 400 loads of laundry per year, using about 40 gallons of water per load. Such excessive water use is combined with the large amount of energy used by dryers.
The final stage of life is disposal. This releases harmful emissions, or involves a landfill where cotton takes years to break down. Current US records show that an estimated 15% of clothes and shoes are recycled, which means that consumers send a shocking 85% of these materials to landfills.
We all need new clothes every once in a while, but let's all try to keep in mind what goes into the production of clothing. It has a real impact on the planet.
There are a lot of things you can do to help reduce your impact. Reuse and recycle clothes. If they're too worn out to wear, cut them up and use them as cleaning rags. Donate them to charity or another organization that recycles textiles. When possible, make an effort to buy organic cotton. Turn down the thermostat (恒温器)on your washer, and line dry your clothes when the weather will allow it.
1.What does the underlined phrase "takes a toll" probably mean
A.Wastes water. B.Takes a lot of time. C.Uses energy. D.Has a bad effect.
2.We can learn from the passage that in the US, ___________.
A.pesticides in cotton farming cost over 4 billion dollars every year
B.CO2 emissions of land transport amount to 1.15 pounds per mile
C.about 15% of the clothes and shoes are made of materials that are recycled
D.about 16,000 gallons of water is used annually by an average family on laundry
3.What can be inferred from this passage
A.The production process may affect water safety.
B.The clothing cost is relatively low in China and India.
C.Cotton clothes are buried because they are hard to break down.
D.The use stage is the least environmentally harmful of the five stages.
4.What is the purpose of this article
A.To encourage people to donate clothes to charity.
B.To promote eco-friendly actions related to clothes.
C.To persuade people to purchase more organic cotton.
D.To introduce the five stages in the lifecycle of clothing.
D
It is widely believed that biodiversity(生物多样性) is promoted to save species. But in reality species exist only as part of ecosystems and cannot survive unless their ecosystems are protected along with as much as possible of the diversity they contain.
Protecting habitats(栖息地) is important for keeping biodiversity. In 2003, over 102,000 habitats covering nearly 19 million square kilometres, or 11.5% of the world's land surface, were under some form of protection. Though this has been a great improvement since 1962, when just 1,000 protected habitats were listed, it is still not considered enough to stop the ecocide that is endangering the world's biodiversity.
For a number of environmentalists, protecting the world's 25 biodiversity hotspots(热点地区) is critical to saving habitats and species. But many hotspots are endangered already, having lost up to three-quarters of their original plants.
The poor state of most biodiversity hotspots results directly from population growth and migration (迁移) into these areas. A study found that by the mid-1990s around 1.1 billion people lived in these hotspots. Moreover, the annual population growth rate in these areas was 1.8%, higher than the global average of 1.4%. The PAI report concluded that human-related environmental changes would continue to put pressure on hotspots. Therefore, keeping biodiversity requires paying close attention to population size.
Protecting hotspots is not simply a matter of putting up fences and employing guards. The best results are achieved when local people are educated about the value of wildlife, and actually gain a share of the benefits from eco-tourism. Only then do they have a chance to see the benefits of protecting hotspots.
1.What can we infer from paragraph 1
A. The loss of any species can affect humans.
B. Endangered species are paid more attention to by humans.
C. Species can still survive when their ecosystems are destroyed.
D. Ecosystem protection is as important as diversity protection.
2.What does the underlined word "ecocide" in paragraph 2 mean
A. Ecosystem protection. B. Reduction of the number of species.
C. Serious damage to habitats. D. Habitat protection.
3.What's the direct cause of the terrible state of the hotspots
A. Population growth in hotspots.
B. Migration out of these areas.
C. Global warming.
D. The global average population growth rate.
4.What's the author's opinion on protecting the hotspots
A.It's simple to carry out.
B. It leads to the increase of tourists.
C. It's closely connected with local people.
D. It suggests that the local people are well educated.
第二节 （共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
VAR technology has been used in U. S. sports for years. Now it is fully combined with the global game of football and made its debut(首次亮相) at the 2018 World Cup. ①_________. It is actually a team who work together to review certain decisions made by the main referee (裁判) by watching video replays.
The VAR team support the referees from a centralized video operation room. The operators select and provide the best angles from relevant broadcast cameras plus two additional offside cameras. ②_________. They will communicate with the referee only for clear and obvious errors or serious missed incidents. The referee can delay the restart of play at any time to communicate with the VAR team. ③_________, the referee would start an official review. Then they will make a decision based on the information received from the VAR team.
④_________. Some fans believe that VAR causes too many interruptions, disrupting the flow of the game. But others just want a fair match and to see the correct call no matter what. They argue disruptions already take place as angry players crowd around a referee following a controversial decision. ⑤_________. With much money put into modern football, governing bodies are now under great pressure to see that the correct decisions are made on the pitch and VAR is a sure step in that.
A. If one team is likely to win a game
B. VAR stands for video assistant referee
C. It is hard to avoid and VAR is necessary
D. Once they decide an incident is reviewable
E. Throughout a match they are constantly checking for mistakes
F. The use of video technology is a hot topic among football watchers
G. VAR can serve to remove such scenes and get the game moving again
第二部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
World Environment Day is celebrated worldwide on June fifth. The United Nations 1 this special day in 1972 to get people to think about taking care of the 2 .
Public events for World Environment Day 3 from June first through June fifth. Every year World Environment Day is celebrated in a different 4 . In 2005 it was held in San Francisco, California. The main 5 of World Environment Day that year was "Green Cities, Plan for the Planet". The events and conferences showed us how to have "Green Cities".
Most people in the world live in cities, which makes them especially important areas of environmental 6 . Cities use more than seventy-five percentage of the world's natural 7 such as water and gasoline. World Environment Day will 8 on how people in cities can work together to help save the planet.
San Francisco held public talks to discuss pollution 9 , clean energy sources and the importance of healthy parks and gardens. Special experts were among the 10 . For example, former vice-president A1 Gore talked about climate changes. There were also 11 events such as music concerts, movies, and art shows. Local fanners and restaurant owners served food that had been 12 grown, "green" of course.
Gavin Newsom 13 city leaders from all over the world to attend this conference and 14 ideas. The United Nations hopes to create an international 15 that countries and citizens will follow.
1.A. arranged B. constructed C. conducted D. established
2.A. planet B. organization C. society D. system
3.A. take apart B. hold up C. take place D. put on
4.A. city B. date C. way D. direction
5.A. content B. message C. moral D. method
6.A. reference B. concern C. development D. argument
7.A. products B. power C. resources D. materials
8.A. rely B. live C. depend D. center
9.A. disappearance B. appearance C. reduction D. increase
10.A. speakers B. debaters C. competitors D. candidates
11.A. free B. extra C. fun D. funny
12.A. naturally B. privately C. frequently D. preciously
13.A. recommended B. commanded C. suggested D. invited
14.A. suggest B. share C. contribute D. supply
15.A. agreement B. contract C. file D. comment
第二节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
We often label(给……贴标签) ourselves as a lazy person. Our parents would call us this if we couldn't be bothered to do our homework the night before and ended up ①________(copy) someone else's work the next day. This can then develop into adulthood when we find ourselves spreading on the sofa and putting off the mountain of laundry ②________ may have been piling up for days.
Laziness is always connected with lack ③________ motivation. However, it can actually improve our life. For example, ④________ (have) a lazy attitude means you want to do less. This also creates a need to find ⑤________ effective way to achieve your tasks. This is why many excellent ⑥________ (inventor) admit that their creations are born out of personally wanting to spend ⑦________ (little) time doing more tasks. Ben Franklin once said, "I was the laziest man in the world. I invented all those things ⑧________ (save) myself from hard work. "
So, perhaps laziness shouldn't ⑨________ (consider) as a negative attitude. As long as you know the right time to get rid of it, it can actually bring you an advantage. Use focus and time to work ⑩________ (efficient) or use it as a time for reflection or creativity.
第三部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节 （满分15分）
如今,绿色生活方式已被人们广泛接受,并体现在生活的各个方面。某英语报社正在中学生中开展以“Green life at home”为主题的征文活动,请你用英语写一篇文章投稿。内容要点如下:
1. 介绍你在家的具体做法(如节能节水、环保购物等);
2. 向全社会提出绿色生活的倡议。
注意:
1.词数80左右;
2. 可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯;
3. 文章开头已经写好,不计入总词数。
Green life at home
Green lifestyle is becoming increasingly popular nowadays as it can help to reduce pollution and save energy.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
第二节 （满分25分）
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。
Jenny was a pretty eight-year-old girl.
One day when she and her mother were checking out at the grocery store, Jenny saw a plastic pearl necklace, by which she was totally defeated. How eagerly she wanted it! But when she saw the price, her heart sank a little. She gathered up her courage and asked her mother if she would buy it for her. Her mother said, “Well, it is a pretty necklace, but it costs an awful lot of money. I can buy you the necklace, but when we get home, we should make up a list of housework that you can do to pay for the necklace.” Jenny agreed immediately, feeling a burst of joy. So her mother bought the pearl necklace for her. Jenny worked on her housework determinedly and earnestly every day. Soon Jenny paid off the pearls.
Jenny had a very loving daddy. When Jenny went to bed, he would read Jenny her favourite story. One night when he finished the story, he said, “Jenny, do you love me ” “Oh, yes, Daddy, you know I love you,” the little girl said delightedly, with a broad smile on her face. “Well, then, give me your pearls.” Hearing that, Jenny froze there, an anxious expression twisting her face. “Oh! Daddy, not my pearls! But you can have Rosy, my favourite doll. Remember her You gave her to me last year for my birthday. Okay ” “Oh no, darling, that’s okay.” Her father brushed her cheek with a kiss, gently and calmly. “Good night, little one.”
A week later, her father once again asked Jenny after her story, “Do you love me ” “Oh yes, Daddy, you know I love you,” the little girl murmured softly, trying to escape from her father’s eyes. “Well, then, give me your pearls.” “Oh, Daddy, not my pearls! But you can have Ribbons, my toy horse. Do you remember her She is my favourite.” The little girl begged. “No, that’s okay,” her father said, smiling broadly and sweetly and brushed her cheek again with a kiss. “God bless you, little one. Sweet dreams.”
Paragraph 1:
Several days later, when Jenny’s father came in to read her story, Jenny was waiting anxiously for him on the bed.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2:
Holding the plastic pearl his daughter offered, the father dragged out a blue box. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
答案以及解析
第一部分 阅读理解
第一节
A
1.答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“A big problem for animals in the wild is keeping their enemies away while they sleep.”可知,野生动物在睡觉时共同的顾虑是其自身的安全问题。故选D项。
2.答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Each day, a chimpanzee builds itself a new, comfortable bed to sleep in.” “Scientists believe chimpanzees carefully choose a tree that is strong, where they build a nest using branches and leaves.”可知,黑猩猩睡前的准备工作做得最充足。故选B项。
3.答案：A
解析：细节理解题。根据第五段可知,宽吻海豚睡觉时需要照看它们的孩子,其两侧大脑交替保持清醒。故选A项。
B
答案：1-4.DBCD
解析：本文是一篇记叙文。年迈的老人因自己吃饭有困难而被自己的儿子和儿媳冷落,坐到墙角专为他而设的饭桌旁。孙子的所为使父母二人哑口无言,并且使他们意识到了自己的过错。
1.细节理解题。由第二段可以看出,祖父因为手和视力出现问题,吃饭时很费劲。
2.词义猜测题。通过后文夫妻俩的对话可以看出,夫妻俩对老人吃饭时造成的脏乱感到生气。irritated意为“恼怒的”。
3.推理判断题。孩子只是在模仿大人的行为,由此可以看出,成人的言行对孩子的影响是很大的。
4.推理判断题。从最后一段可以看出,孙子的话深深地触动了他的父母,并且使他们意识到了自己的过错,如果故事继续的话,应该是父亲把祖父又请回饭桌一起吃饭,不再对祖父有怨言。
C
答案：1-4.DDAB
解析：1.词义猜测题。根据文章第二段第三句可推知,虽然棉花不像人造纤维的害处一样大,但它仍然对环境有负面影响。
2.细节理解题。根据第五段中的“However, the average American household does 400 loads of laundry per year, using about 40 gallons of water per load.”可知,每年一个美国家庭平均要洗400次衣服,每次要用40加仑水,40×400=16000加仑,所以D项正确。
3.推理判断题。根据文章第三段可知,生产过程费水费电,而印染原料和漂白剂是有害的污染物,会严重污染地下水。
4.主旨大意题。根据全文内容及文章最后一段第一句可知,本文主旨是通过介绍T恤衫从原材料生产到运输,再到使用以及处理的过程中对环境造成的危害,呼吁人们要从自身穿衣开始为环保做贡献。
D
1.答案：D
解析：推理判断题。根据第一段第二句“But in reality species exist only as part of ecosystems and cannot survive unless their ecosystems are protected along with as much as possible of the diversity they contain.”可推断,生态系统保护与多样性保护同样重要。
2.答案：C
解析：词义猜测题。根据第二段画线词前的Though this has been a great improvement since 1962, when just 1,000 protected habitats were listed(虽然这与1962年仅列出1000个受保护的栖息地相比已经是很大的进步)和定语从句部分that is endangering the world's biodiversity(正危及世界生物多样性)可知,虽然受保护的栖息地数量在增加,但仍然不足以阻止危及世界生物多样性的环境破坏。由此可知ecocide意为“环境破坏”,与C项“栖息地被严重破坏”相近,故选C项。
3.答案：A
解析：细节理解题。根据第四段第一句“The poor state of most biodiversity hotspots results directly from population growth and migration into these areas.”可知,造成热点地区糟糕状况的直接原因是人口增长。
4.答案：C
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段第二、三句“The best results are achieved when local people are educated about the value of wildlife, and actually gain a share of the benefits from eco-tourism. Only then do they have a chance to see the benefits of protecting hotspots.”可推断,作者的观点是保护热点地区与当地人密切相关。
第二节
答案：BEDFG
解析：本文是一篇说明文,主要介绍了VAR技术在足球比赛中的应用,以及由此而引起的一些争议。
①上文是说多年来,VAR技术已经应用于美国的运动中,现在它已经完全与全球的足球比赛结合起来,而且在2018年的世界杯中首次亮相,而空后是说它实际是一个通过观看视频重放来共同评估主裁判的某些决定的团队,故B项(VAR表示视频助理裁判)符合语境,衔接上下文,故选B。
②根据空后一句可知,他们会为清晰而明显的错误或错过的事件和裁判沟通,E项(他们在整场比赛中持续检查错误)符合语境,故选E。
③根据空后的"the referee would start an official review"可知,裁判将开始一个官方的评估,与D项中的"reviewable"呼应,故选D。
④根据空处所在位置以及该段叙述的球迷对VAR在比赛中应用的一些看法可推知,F项(视频技术的应用在足球观看者之中是个热点话题)概括了本段的内容,故选F。
⑤根据空前一句可知,此处描述了一场球赛中的场景,G项中的"such scenes"与之呼应,故选G。
第二部分 语言知识运用
第一节
答案：1-5 DACAB 6-10 BCDCA 11-15 CADBA
解析：1.联合国在1972年设立（establish）这个特殊的日子。arrange安排；construct建造；conduct管理。
2.节日设置的目的是让人们考虑保护我们的星球（planet）。organization组织；society社会；system系统。
3.世界环境日的公众活动从6月1日到6月5日举行（take place）。take apart拆开；hold up举起；阻挡；put on穿上。
4.根据后文可知每年世界环境日在不同的城市（city）举办。date日期；way方式；direction方向。
5.那一年世界环境日的主题是"营造绿色城市，呵护地球家园"。content目录；message消息，main message"主题；主要信息"；moral道德；method方法。
6.根据上文especially important可知城市成为特别重要的环境关注（concern）领域。reference参考；development发展；argument争吵。
7.根据下文water and gasoline可知是指自然资源（resource）。product产品；power力量；material材料。
8.世界环境日将以城市居民如何共同努力拯救地球为中心（center）。rely依靠；live居住；depend取决于。
9.环境保护的目的是污染的减少（reduction）。disappearance消失；appearance外观；increase增加。
10.根据下文former vice-president Al Gore talked about climate changes可知发言者（speaker）中有一些专家。debater争论者；competitor竞争对手；candidate候选人。
11.根据下文music concerts，movies，and art shows可知是娱乐（fun）项目。free自由的；extra额外的；funny有趣的。
12.当地农民和餐馆老板提供的食物是自然（naturally）生长的，当然是"绿色"的。privately私密地；frequently频繁地；preciously昂贵地。
13.Gavin Newsom邀请（invite）了来自世界各地的城市领导人参加这次会议。recommend推荐；command命令；suggest建议。
14.根据下文ideas可知是分享（share）彼此的观点。suggest建议；contribute贡献；supply供给。
15.联合国希望建立一项国际协议（agreement），各国和公民将遵守该协议。contract合同；file文件；comment评价。
第二节
答案：copying; that/which; of; having; an; inventors; less; to save; be considered; efficiently
解析：我们经常说自己懒惰,懒惰也通常被认为是一种消极的品质,但事实上懒惰也可以帮助我们取得成功。
①end up doing sth.为固定搭配,意为“以做某事结束”。
②空白处所填词引导定语从句,在句中做主语,故填that/which。
③lack of为固定搭配,意为“缺乏”。
④此为动名词做主语。
⑤这里表示“一种高效的方法”,故用不定短词;又因为effective的发音是以元音音素开头的,故用an。
⑥根据空前的many可知,此处应填inventor的复数形式。
⑦根据句意“用更少的时间做更多的工作”可知,此处应填little的比较级。
⑧根据句意可知,此处用不定式做目的状语。
⑨主语laziness和consider之间为被动关系;根据空前shouldn't可知,此处应填be considered。
⑩空白处所填词在句中修饰动词work,故用其副词形式。
第三部分 写作
第一节
答案：
Green life at home
Green lifestyle is becoming increasingly popular nowadays as it can help to reduce pollution and save energy. It is easy to adopt in our daily life and here I'd like to share my practice at home.
To save water, I often try to reuse it for watering flowers after washing hands or vegetables and seldom do I leave the tap water running when showering or washing. Besides, when it is necessary to use the air conditioner, I usually set it to a proper temperature so that I can use less electricity and save money as well. Furthermore, I always keep in mind that I have all the lights switched off before leaving a room. What makes me most proud is that I have a cloth shopping bag made by myself for my regular shopping.
I'm fully convinced that as long as everyone sticks to the 3R principles—Reduce, Reuse, and Recycle, we will be moving a step closer to a green life day by day.
第二节
答案：
Paragraph 1:
Several days later, when Jenny’s father came in to read her story, Jenny was waiting anxiously for him on the bed. When listening to the story, Jenny was totally absent-minded, with her hands holding the necklace tightly and firmly. When the story came to an end, unexpectedly, Jenny offered her beloved necklace to her father, with her fingers trembling automatically. No one knew what the necklace meant to her. She whispered to her father, softly and gently, “Daddy, you know I love you more than the necklace.” Then, the necklace slid into her father’s hands determinedly.
Paragraph 2:
Holding the plastic pearl his daughter offered, the father dragged out a blue box. Much to Jenny’s amazement, a beautiful real pearl necklace lay peacefully in the box, which set her heart racing. Jenny froze there, a thrilled expression twisting her face. Before Jenny was able to say something, her father brushed a warm kiss on her face and gathered her into his arms. Holding the genuine necklace in her hand, Jenny lifted her lip, tears beginning to blur her vision.
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