阅读理解之议论文 10 篇
(2023 春 · 北京 · 高一北京师大附中校考期中) The question of whether it is possible to dissociate the artist from their work has been debated for a long time. Even though positive critical reviews about an artist’s behavior can improve their artistic accomplishments, people should treat artists as individuals who have lived apart from their work.
One of the reasons is that even artists have shortcomings. Like any other human being, an artist can err, and we cannot be severely judgmental of every person that falls into error. Cancel culture with endless criticism is concerned more with how we should disregard the artists when they make mistakes than with how their weaknesses can be used by the artists to create art that is unique.
Perhaps Kevin Hart’s words support this thought. He asks, “When did we get to a point where life was supposed to be perfect Where people were supposed to operate perfectly all the time ” When people start seeing artists as human beings, they’ll see them for who they are and review their behavior not on the basis of their art but on the basis of their humanity.
It should be also noted that there are works of art that are inspired by the artist’s experience. For example, the themes in the Harry Potter books are so connected with J. K. Rowling’s wicked worldview that it is virtually impossible to distinguish the two from each other. Since canceling artists based on their worldview would mean the reception to their art will suffer, artists become tense and unwilling to express themselves, which will kill creativity, eventually leading to the death of edians, singers or painters who should be integrating contemporary issues with their works become boring, and art stops functioning as the social mirror it ought to be.
An artist who makes mistakes still has art with intrinsic ( 内在 的) value, benefiting entire communities or cultures. For instance, when Kendrick Lamar launched his album and frequently used the F-slur in one of his songs, there was much-heated discussion. He was entirely mistaken in using the F-slur, but as an artist, he still had a wide-reaching impact on society. Similarly, one can respect the late Michael Jackson because of how he impacted pop music and the inclusion of black musicians in mainstream media despite his personal weaknesses, opinions, worldviews and associations.
While these artists may engage in their terrible behavior, the art they produce today may serve as an example for others to produce outstanding work in the future. Some would refer to this process as a cycle. Good art should, therefore, be judged due to its value and not the value of the artist.
1 ．Which would Kevin Hart probably agree with
A ．People should perform perfectly all the time.
B ．Artists’ shortcomings might be their inspiration.
C ．If artists have weaknesses, we’d better cancel them.
D ．Artists should be evaluated based on their humanity.
2 ．Why will “cancel culture” lead to the death of art
A ．Artists will be unwilling to create any artwork.
B ．Artists will stop concerning with contemporary issues.
C ．Artists will lose their desire for expression and creativity.
D ．Artworks are unavoidably inspired by artists’ experiences.
3 ．How can an artist with mistakes benefit others
A ．The artist may make some new words popular.
B ．The artist’s opinions may provoke heated discussion.
C ．The artist will benefit entire communities or cultures.
D ．The artist’s art may give others ideas of artistic creation.
4 ．Which would be the best title of the passage
A ．Judge Art Due to Its Value
B ．Separate the Art From the Artist
C ．Regard Artists as Human Beings
D ．Stop Criticizing Artists’ Behavior
(2023 春 ·浙江杭州 · 高一期中) For years, people had been warned that New Orleans was vulnerable (脆弱 的). The FEMA had stated that a hurricane hitting the city would be one of the deadliest disasters in the history of U.S. But then, in September 2004, New Orleans had been spared by Hurricane Ivan. However, it had provided the city with a clear warning. It had showed the need to prepare for the next hurricane. But the authorities did not act quickly or decisively enough. Eleven months later, Hurricane Katrina destroyed the city.
In 2003, the Harvard Business Review published an article titled Predictable Surprises: The Disasters You Should Have Seen Coming. The authors, Max Bazerman and Michael Watkins, argued that while the world is changeable, unpredictability is often not the problem. The problem is that we still fail to act, even if faced with clear risks. Psychologists describe this inaction as normalcy bias (偏见). In the face of disaster, people have often been slow to recognize the danger and do nothing until it is too late.
Part of the problem may simply be that we get our clues from others. In a famous experiment conducted in
the late 1960s, psychologists filled smoke into a room in which the participants were filling in a questionnaire. When the subject was sitting alone, he or she tended to note the smoke and calmly leave to report it. But when in a group of three, they were much less likely to react: each person remained passive, ensured by the passivity of the others.
Another cognitive (认知的) shortcut is optimism bias. In an experiment, psychologists Neil Weinstein asked more than 250 students to predict pleasant future such as good jobs and clear risks such as an early heart attack. To their surprise, the students felt that good things were likely to happen to themselves, while unpleasant things waited for other students, although they didn’t have any evidence to support that idea.
5 ．What contributed to the destruction of the city when the hurricane came
A ．Absence of warnings. B ．Inaction of the authorities.
C ．Shortage of supplies. D ．Unpredictability of the disaster.
6 ．Which of the following action can be described as normalcy bias
A ．People didn’t go to hospital due to the confidence in physical condition.
B ．Americans followed others to buy toilet paper crazily during the pandemic.
C ．Few people got prepared for the pandemic at first because others didn’t do so.
D ．Residents in New Orleans worked together to build shelters facing a hurricane.
7 ．How does the author introduce the two cognitive shortcuts
A ．By telling stories. B ．By listing facts.
C ．By making definition. D ．By giving examples.
8 ．Which of the following is the best title for the text
A ．Are Disasters Predictable
B ．Are We Ready for the Next Disaster
C ．Why Do We Fail to Prepare for Disasters
D ．What Is the Common Bias in Face of Disasters
(2023春 · 辽宁沈阳 · 高一校联考期中)
ChatGPT, a powerful Al chatbot tool, has swept the world in the past months. While it has been dominating social media with its frighteningly good essays, ChatGPT has also caused both excitement and worries in education.
According to a US survey of more than 1,000 students, over 89 percent of them had used ChatGPT to help
with a homework task. Some students even got high scores thanks to papers written by ChatGPT.
Some universities and schools have banned the use of ChatGPT, such as public schools in New York City, CNN reported. The move comes out of growing concerns that the tool could make it easier for students to cheat on schoolwork and be used to spread inaccurate (不精确的) information. “While the tool may be able to provide quick and easy answers to questions, it does not build critical-thinking and problem-solving skills, which are essential for academic (学术的) and lifelong success,” Jenna Lyle, said in a statement.
Apart from strict bans, teachers are redesigning their courses in an attempt to block the use of ChatGPT. Some college professors in the US are now including more oral exams and handwritten papers instead of typed ones, The New York Times reported.
However, not all educators are saying “no” to ChatGPT. Some Canadian universities are not planning on banning the tool. Instead, they are working on policies ( 政 策) about its proper usage, for both students and lecturers.
Bhaskar Vira, pro-vice-chancellor for education at University of Cambridge in the UK, said that bans on AI software like ChatGPT are not sensible. “I’m of the opinion that we have to recognise that AI is a tool people will use but then adapt our learning, teaching and examination processes so that we can continue to have integrity (诚 信) while recognizing the use of the tool,” he told Varsity, the school newspaper of the university.
Vira’s opinion on ChatGPT is shared by Peter van der Putten, assistant professor at Leiden University in the Netherlands. “It’s there, just like Google is there. You can write it into your policies for stopping cheating but it’s a reality that the tool exists,” he told Sky News.
9 ．Why did the author mention the US survey data in Paragraph 2
A ．To criticize the use of ChatGPT in education.
B ．To show the popularity of ChatGPT among students.
C ．To show the places of using ChatGPT for academic tasks.
D ．To highlight the negative effects of ChatGPT on academic integrity.
10 ．What is the concern that led some universities and schools to ban the use of ChatGPT
A ．The tool is too expensive.
B ．The tool is not user-friendly.
C ．The tool can cause physical harm to students.
D ．The tool may be used to spread inaccurate information.
11 ．Why are some educators redesigning their courses
A ．To make them more difficult. B ．To allow the use of ChatGPT.
C ．To decrease the workload of students. D ．To prevent students from using ChatGPT.
12 ．What is the opinion of Peter van der Putten on the use of ChatGPT
A ．It should be used with proper policies and guidelines.
B ．It is not a useful tool for students.
C ．It should be used without limits.
D ．It should be banned.
(2023 春 ·广东深圳 · 高一深圳市高级中学校考期中)You are given many opportunities in life to choose to be a victim or creator. When you choose to be a victim, the world is a cold and difficult place. “They” did things to you which caused all of your pain and suffering. “They” are wrong and bad, and life is terrible as long as “they” are around. Or you may blame yourself for all your problems, thus internalizing (内化) your victimization. The truth is, your life is likely to stay that way as long as you feel a need to blame yourself or others.
Those who choose to be creators look at life quite differently. They know there are individuals who might like to control their lives, but they don’t let this get in the way. They know they have their weaknesses, yet they don’t blame themselves when they fail. Whatever happens, they have choice in the matter. They believe their dance with each sacred (神圣的) moment of life is a gift and that storms are a natural part of life which can bring the rain needed for emotional and spiritual growth.
Victims and creators live in the same physical world and deal with many of the same physical realities, yet their experience of life is worlds apart. Victims relish (沉溺) in anger, guilt, and other emotions that cause others- -and even themselves--to feel like victims, too. Creators consciously choose love, inspiration, and other qualities which inspire not only themselves, but all around them. Both victims and creators always have choice to determine the direction of their lives.
In reality, all of us play the victim or the creator at various points in our lives. One person, on losing a job or a special relationship, may feel as if it is the end of the world and sink into terrible suffering for months, years, or even a lifetime. Another with the same experience may choose to first experience the grief, then accept the loss and soon move on to be a powerful creative force in his life.
In every moment and every circumstance, you can choose to have filler, richer life by setting a clear intention to transform the victim within, and by inviting into your life the powerful creator that you are.
13 ．What does the word “They” in paragraph 1 probably refer to
A ．People and things around you. B ．Opportunities and problems.
C ．Creators and their choices. D ．Victims and their sufferings.
14 ．According to Paragraph 2, creators ________.
A ．seem willing to experience failures in life B ．possess the ability to predict future life
C ．handle ups and downs of life wisely D ．have potential to create something new
15 ．The examples mentioned in Paragraph 4 show that ________.
A ．different reactions to sufferings lead to different life paths.
B ．people need family support to deal with challengers in life.
C ．it takes creators quite a long time to get rid of their pains.
D ．one’s experiences determine his attitude toward life.
16 ．What is the author’s purpose in writing this passage
A ．To define victims and creators.
B ．To evaluate victims against creators.
C ．To explain the relationship between victims and creators.
D ．To suggest the transformation from victims to creators.
(2023 秋 · 高一单元测试) What Makes a Soccer Player Great
Soccer is played by millions of people all over the world, but there have been only a few players who were truly great. How did these players get that way — was it through training and practice, or are great players “born not made”
Firstly, these players came from places that have had famous stars in the past — players that a young boy can look up to (敬仰) and try to imitate. In the history of soccer, only six countries have ever won the World Cup, three from South America and three from Europe. There has never been a national team or a really great player from North America or from Asia.
Secondly, these players all had years of practice in the game. Alfredo Di Stefano was the son of a soccer player, as was Pele. Most players began playing the game at the age of three or four.
Finally, many great players come from the same kind of neighbourhood — a poor, crowded area where a boy’s dream is not to be a doctor, lawyer or businessman, but to become a rich, famous athletes or entertainer. For example, Liverpool, which produced the Beatles, had one of the best English soccer teams in recent years. Pele practised in the street with a “ball” made of rags. And George Best learned the tricks that made him famous by bouncing the ball off a wall in the slums (贫民区) of Belfast.
All great players have a lot in common, but that doesn’t explain why they are great. Hundreds of boys played in those Brazilian streets, but only one became Pele. The greatest players are born with some unique qualities that set them apart from all the others.
17 ．According to the passage, which of the following statements is TRUE
A ．Soccer is popular all over the world, but truly great players are rare.
B ．Millions of people all over the world are playing soccer, but only six countries have ever had famous stars in the past.
C ．Soccer is played by millions of people all over the world, but only six countries from South America and West Europe have ever had great national teams.
D．Soccer is one of the most popular games all over the world, but it seems least popular in North America or Asia.
18 ．The underlined word “tricks” at the end of Paragraph 4 is closest in meaning to “________”．
A ．experience B ．cheating
C ．skills D ．training
19 ．Liverpool and Brazilian streets are two geographic terms used to illustrate (说明) ________.
A ．where soccer players get their way
B ．how neighbourhood affects a soccer player’s success
C ．why they can produce the best soccer teams
D ．what a poor, crowded area will provide a future soccer player with
20 ．In the last paragraph, the statement “ ...but only one became Pele” indicates that ________.
A ．Pele is the greatest soccer player
B ．the great players are born with some unique qualities
C ．Pele’s birthplace sets him apart from all the others
D ．the success of a soccer player has everything to do with the family background
(2023 春 · 山东聊城 · 高一山东聊城一中校考期中) Cleaning up the table, I caught sight of small round plastic pieces. I discovered they were the tops or covers of color markers I had kept on the table. The only difference was that someone got those covers and chewed them into shapelessness. On another part of the table, I saw the color markers dried up without covers. I was almost sure I knew who had done it and I could not understand the motivation behind his actions.
As I considered my discovery, my frustration and disappointment gradually went away when I remembered that as a child, I did several weird(奇怪的)things that must have bothered my mother. I cut our shoes, I chewed pens and pencils, and I wrote and drew pictures on walls and destroyed many items at home. The mind of a child is curious and explorative, seeking to understand and test the limits of many things. Of course, it can be costly, but what is growing up if no mistakes are made
We call it paying the school fees of life. If a child plays with a hot iron and it burns them, it is a given that they will not go near the iron again. Sometimes I watch the children in my neighborhood playing dangerous
games. Occasionally, I have got myself involved and spoken up, but sometimes I let it pass. Until someone has fallen off his bike, they may not want to be told to stop riding with reckless abandon(毫无顾忌). Until a child has fallen down, they will not listen when asked to get down from the tree. However, wisdom shows that if the behavior is deadly, you should get involved in time.
Creativity is a valuable quality. And this is why we should encourage children to remain innovative rather than be simple recipients of everything they have known and seen. Allow children to make mistakes, but this must be followed with supervision(监督), monitoring, and correction.
21 ．What happened to the author’s color markers
A ．They were stolen.
B ．They were destroyed.
C ．They were thrown away.
D ．They were cleaned by mistake.
22 ．What does the author mainly want to show in Paragraph 3
A ．Mistakes are unavoidable for children.
B ．Some lessons of life are too painful to bear.
C ．Children often put themselves in danger.
D ．Children can learn from their mistakes.
23 ．What would be the best title for the text
A ．What is growing up without making mistakes
B ．How to help children grow up quickly
C ．How to deal with children’s mistakes
D ．What really matters in growing up
(2023 春· 辽宁沈阳· 高一统考阶段练习)Kindness is seen as a true strength, and the success of civilizations (文明) relies on kindness. As parents and teachers, we also teach children from a young age to “be kind to one another” and “treat others the way you want to be treated.”
In addition to being helpful to our interpersonal relationships, research has shown that kindness can even contribute to our well-being. According to the Mayo Clinic, when we perform acts of kindness, the pleasure center in our brain is activated, releasing the stress-reducing hormone ( 激素). Individuals who volunteer on a regular basis report greater life satisfaction. And what is even greater is that kindness rarely stops with just one person. There can be a positive contagion ( 扩散) effect, where other people are inspired to be nice if they receive a random act of kindness. The question then arises: Could kindness be harmful to us when it has such clear
benefits Let’s think about this in the workplace or in an organization.
You are the new person on the team and you want to be well-liked and respected by your colleagues. You are a kind person and tell your team, “Let me know how I can help you; I’m always available to help.” Though you may truly mean this, unfortunately there are people in this world who can see your kindness as a weakness. This can lead to you being taken advantage of by others.
Let’s fast forward a year. You have been in your position now for one year, and you are working with the same team. You are noticing that your colleagues continue asking for your help over and over again. In fact, the only time they communicate with you is when they need something. You have been so helpful to your colleagues and there has rarely been any return from them.
In a very broad sense, it is advantageous to be kind to others, and your kind acts will be appreciated (感激) and, perhaps, paid forward. However, you need to be wiling to say “no” . Recognize when your plate is already too full. When people ask you a favor, assess (评估) if you have the time, energy, and attention to give to them. To truly be kind, sometimes you need to be more comfortable saying “no” to others and saying “yes” to yourself.
24 ．What has the Mayo Clinic found concerning kindness
A ．It does good to our mind.
B ．It reduces hormone levels.
C ．It adds years to people’s life.
D ．It leads to the success of civilizations.
25 ．What might the new person feel one year later
A ．Grateful. B ．Bored. C ．Disappointed. D ．Energetic.
26 ．What does the underlined part in the last paragraph mean
A ．When you’re too full to eat anything.
B ．When your kind acts get appreciated.
C ．When you should ask others a favor.
D ．When you’re physically and mentally tired.
27 ．What can be the best title for the text
A ．Your kindness counts for your well-being!
B ．Are we tiring ourselves with kindness
C ．Why are acts of kindness important
D ．Never quit kindness at work!
(2023 秋 ·江苏盐城 · 高一盐城市第一中学校联考期末) What impresses you most when you think back to
your years at university For me, it is my first Greek philosophy class from Dr. Degenaar at Stellenbosch
University.
Dr. Degenaar came into the lecture room on the first Friday morning of the term and asked us to write down our own definition of the “soul” . Here was the “teacher” asking us what we thought—it was an almost literally mind-blowing experience. He was not telling us what he thought but asking us how we saw something. The following discussion was interesting. That was my first experience of real learning in a classroom.
Almost 50 years have passed since that experience. Of the other lecturers who “taught” me during that year. I remember they “taught” me the history of Greek philosophy, but I remember little of that history and absolutely nothing of those lecturers. And most of what I remember about Greek philosophy is what I learned in Dr. Degenaar’s class, for my own interest.
I took further courses with Dr. Degenaar in the following years. Like the first class, there was little “lecturing” at us, but far more involvement of us all in a process of mutual ( 共 同 的) discovery in which we learned a lot about each other and the important issues of the day. The excitement of discovery stays with me. Then it took me almost another 20 years to get a deeper understanding of what had happened in that lecture hall: experiential learning.
Traditionally, learners have been seen as “empty containers” waiting to be “filled” with learning given them by the teacher. The learner is, therefore, dependent on the teacher for what to think and how to pliance (遵从) is rewarded and so independent and original thinking is not developed.
In contrast, in experiential learning, the learner is encouraged to think for himself/herself not to repeat the thought patterns of the teacher. The learning happens not because of what a “teacher” or “lecturer” says but because of what the learner does. In this sense, I think this is the best way to learn and everyone should try it and learn from it.
28 ．What did the author think of his first Greek philosophy class
A ．Boring. B ．Amazing.
C ．Confusing. D ．Challenging.
29 ．Why does the author compare Dr. Degenaar and the other lecturers
A ．To prove Dr. Degenaar’s devotion to his career.
B ．To stress Dr. Degenaar’s great influence on him.
C ．To point out Dr. Degenaar’s popularity among students.
D ．To show the author’s deep interest in Greek philosophy.
30 ．How does experiential learning differ from traditional learning
A ．It combines theory with practice. B ．It has no limit on learning places.
C ．It encourages independent thinking. D ．It focuses more on the result of learning.
31 ．What’s the author’s purpose in writing the text
A ．To introduce his respected teachers.
B ．To share his favorite university lesson.
C ．To explain the factors of experiential learning.
D ．To recommend an effective learning approach.
(2023 春·江西 · 高一统考期中)More educators and researchers are bringing attention to misinformation (错 误信息) through the internet and social media. Teaching media literacy (素养) can be a problem. Those against teaching internet literacy say it’s the same as thought control, which prevents some teachers from using it in class.
Erin, a mother from Massachusetts who has worked as a reporter, said that media literacy is a skill as important as computer engineering for the economy. She created a nonprofit group called Media Literacy Now to support digital literacy education. “Basic communication is part of our information economy, and there will be huge implications for our economy if we don’t get this right,” she said.
Shawn Lee. who teaches social studies in Seattle, Washington, has taught about double -checking online reports, getting information from more than a few places and using critical (批评的) thinking. He also created an organization for teachers to share experiences.
Teaching internet literacy to fight misinformation may be more effective than new laws. Some US states have added new standards for teaching internet literacy. Subjects can include how the internet and social media work, how to find misinformation by looking at many sources. Other ways of identifying misinformation might include looking for missing background information or recognizing emotional headlines.
Media and internet literacy is taught around the world. Finland and Canada have developed programs over the years to teach young people about the media. The goal is to get young people to understand what in the news and on the internet is a fact, and what isn’t.
Media and internet literacy is often compared to driver’s education. “We need speed limits, we need well designed roads and good regulations to ensure cars are safe. But we also teach people how to drive safely,” a director of education Johnson said.
This combination of government, industry and educators is considered the model that is needed for internet and media literacy. Education is needed for an effective answer to fight internet misinformation.
32 ．What’s the view of people against teaching internet literacy
A ．It needs laws to prove its effect.
B ．It adds to teachers’ heavy work.
C ．It’s like controlling people’s thought.
D ．It may face strong criticism of parents.
33 ．What has Shawn done to support internet literacy
A ．He’s created Media Literacy Now.
B ．He’s taught students critical thinking.
C ．He’s invented online double checking.
D ．He’s asked teachers to share experiences.
34 ．What is the fourth paragraph mainly about
A ．What’s been done about online literacy.
B ．What effect online literacy has on us.
C ．How we can stop misinformation online.
D ．How we could beat online misinformation.
35 ．What does Johnson think about teaching internet literacy
A ．People should learn about safe surfing.
B ．It should be covered in driver’s education.
C ．It calls for the efforts of online education.
D ．Finland and Canada have experience in this.
(2023 春 · 浙江温州 · 高一校联考期中) I was born and raised in England in a culture where privacy and “keeping yourself to yourself” were valued traditions. Speaking to strangers was not encouraged. People were most hospitable (好客的) and friendly — but only once they had been introduced to new people.
However, I have been lucky enough to spend some time in both Italy and the US, where I found traditions of hospitality and politeness to be very different.
I experienced Italian hospitality first-hand on a crowded railway carriage traveling, one afternoon, from Genoa to Florence. Sinking gratefully into an empty seat, I was berated (斥责) in rapid Italian by a gentleman who was returning to this seat — it had not been “spare” after all. I apologized in English, and got up to allow him back into the seat. The gentleman obviously had no understanding of the English language, but he, too, realized my genuine mistake. He smiled and gestured for me to remain in the seat, and he himself remained standing in the corridor for the rest of the journey. The other passengers of the carriage smiled and nodded at me and made me feel quite welcome amongst them. I feel that if this had been in England, a foreigner who made a mistake would not always be so kindly treated.
Transport was also obvious in the differences I noticed between English and American culture. I flew to New York on a plane with mainly English passengers. We sat together in near silence. Nobody spoke to me nor, as I expected, to anyone else they did not know. They felt it was not polite to disturb someone else’s privacy. However, when I traveled across the United States, whether by plane or Greyhound bus, I was never short of conversation. Conversation was going on all around me and whoever sat next to me was happy to introduce themselves and ask me about myself, which was usually a pleasant way to kill time. They obviously felt it would have been rude not to speak to another person, whether they were strangers or not.
36 ．What do we know about the passengers of the carriage when the author was travelling in Italy
A ．They were all on the side of the gentleman.
B ．They all laughed at the author for this mistake.
C ．They all showed their understanding of the author’s mistake.
D ．They would not bear a mistake like the author’s in public.
37 ．According to the last paragraph, English passengers sat in near silence because________.
A ．they were too tired to speak B ．they are short of topics to talk about
C ．they were all strangers to each other D ．privacy was a valued tradition in England
38 ．The purpose of the author is to tell us ________.
A ．his traveling experiences
B ．how to adapt ourselves to a new culture
C ．the culture shock he experienced in Italy and the US
D ．cultural differences in hospitality and politeness
39 ．What is the author’s attitude towards American’s traditions of hospitality and politeness
A ．Approving. B ．Confused. C ．Negative. D ．Disapproving.阅读理解之议论文 10 篇
(2023 春 · 北京 · 高一北京师大附中校考期中) The question of whether it is possible to dissociate the artist from their work has been debated for a long time. Even though positive critical reviews about an artist’s behavior can improve their artistic accomplishments, people should treat artists as individuals who have lived apart from their work.
One of the reasons is that even artists have shortcomings. Like any other human being, an artist can err, and we cannot be severely judgmental of every person that falls into error. Cancel culture with endless criticism is concerned more with how we should disregard the artists when they make mistakes than with how their weaknesses can be used by the artists to create art that is unique.
Perhaps Kevin Hart’s words support this thought. He asks, “When did we get to a point where life was supposed to be perfect Where people were supposed to operate perfectly all the time ” When people start seeing artists as human beings, they’ll see them for who they are and review their behavior not on the basis of their art but on the basis of their humanity.
It should be also noted that there are works of art that are inspired by the artist’s experience. For example, the themes in the Harry Potter books are so connected with J. K. Rowling’s wicked worldview that it is virtually impossible to distinguish the two from each other. Since canceling artists based on their worldview would mean the reception to their art will suffer, artists become tense and unwilling to express themselves, which will kill creativity, eventually leading to the death of edians, singers or painters who should be integrating contemporary issues with their works become boring, and art stops functioning as the social mirror it ought to be.
An artist who makes mistakes still has art with intrinsic ( 内在 的) value, benefiting entire communities or cultures. For instance, when Kendrick Lamar launched his album and frequently used the F-slur in one of his songs, there was much-heated discussion. He was entirely mistaken in using the F-slur, but as an artist, he still had a wide-reaching impact on society. Similarly, one can respect the late Michael Jackson because of how he impacted pop music and the inclusion of black musicians in mainstream media despite his personal weaknesses, opinions, worldviews and associations.
While these artists may engage in their terrible behavior, the art they produce today may serve as an example for others to produce outstanding work in the future. Some would refer to this process as a cycle. Good art should, therefore, be judged due to its value and not the value of the artist.
1 ．Which would Kevin Hart probably agree with
A ．People should perform perfectly all the time.
B ．Artists’ shortcomings might be their inspiration.
C ．If artists have weaknesses, we’d better cancel them.
D ．Artists should be evaluated based on their humanity.
2 ．Why will “cancel culture” lead to the death of art
A ．Artists will be unwilling to create any artwork.
B ．Artists will stop concerning with contemporary issues.
C ．Artists will lose their desire for expression and creativity.
D ．Artworks are unavoidably inspired by artists’ experiences.
3 ．How can an artist with mistakes benefit others
A ．The artist may make some new words popular.
B ．The artist’s opinions may provoke heated discussion.
C ．The artist will benefit entire communities or cultures.
D ．The artist’s art may give others ideas of artistic creation.
4 ．Which would be the best title of the passage
A ．Judge Art Due to Its Value
B ．Separate the Art From the Artist
C ．Regard Artists as Human Beings
D ．Stop Criticizing Artists’ Behavior
(
【答案】
1
．
B 2
．
C 3
．
D 4
．
B
【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章
论证了我们应该把艺术家视为与作品相分离的个体， 评判优秀艺术作品
的标准应该是作品本身的价值，而不是艺术家的价值这一观点
。
1
．
推理判断题。根据第二段
“
One
of
the
reasons
is
that
even
artists
have
shortcomings
.
Like
any
other
human being
,
an
artist
can
err
,
and
we
cannot
be
severely
judgmental
of
every
person
that
falls
into
error
.
Cancel
culture with
endless
criticism
is
concerned
more
with
how
we
should
disregard
the
artists
when
they
make
mistakes
than with
how
their
weaknesses
can
be
used
by
the
artists
to
create
art
that
is
unique
.(
其中一个原因是， 即使是艺术家，
他们也是有缺点的。像任何其他人一样， 艺术家也
会犯错误， 我们不能对每一个犯错误的人都严厉地评判。
充斥着无尽批评
的封杀文化更关心的是， 当艺术家犯错时， 我们应该如何忽视他们， 而不是艺术家如何利
用他们的弱点来创造独特的艺术
)”
和第三段中
“
Perhaps
Kevin
Hart
’
s
words
support
this
thought
.(
也许凯文
·
哈
特的
话支持了这种想法
)”
可知，上文提出艺术家也会犯错误，我们不能对每一个犯错误的人都严厉地评判，
)
(
而是应当关注艺术家如何利用他们的弱点来创造独特的艺术。
Kevin Har
t
赞同这种想法， 所有他也会赞成
“
艺
术家的缺点可能就是他
们的灵感
”
的说法。故选
B
项。
2
．细节理解题。根据第四段中
“
Since
canceling
artists
based
on their worldview would mean the reception to their
art
will
suffer
,
artists
become
tense
and
unwilling
to
express
themselves
,
which
will
kill
creativity
,
eventually leading
to
the
death
of
art
.(
因
为世界观而封杀艺术家，就意味着对其艺术的认可会受到影响，艺术家会变得
紧张，不愿意表达自己，这就会扼杀创造力，最终导致艺术的死亡
)”
可知，
“
封杀文化
”
会导
致艺术的死亡
是因为它会让
艺
术家将失去表达和创造的欲望。故选
C
项。
3
．细节理解题。根据最后一段中
“While these artists may engage in their terrible behavior, the art they produce today
may
serve
as
an
example
for
others
to
produce
outstanding
work
in
the
future
.(
虽然这些艺术家可能会从
事他们可怕的行为，但他们今天创作的艺术作品可能
会成为未来其他人创作杰出作品的榜样
)”
可知，一个
犯了错误的艺术家的艺术可能会给其他人带
来艺术创作的灵感，从而给其它人带来益处。故选
D
项。
4
．主旨大意题。通读全文， 结合第一段中
“The question of whether it is possible to dissociate the artist from the
ir work
has
been
debated
for
a
long
time
.
Even
though
positive
critical
reviews
about
an
artist
’
s
behavior
can improve
their
artistic
accomplishments
,
people
should
treat
artists
as
individuals
who
have
lived
apart
from
their work
.(
是否有可能
将艺术家与他们的作品分开的问题已经争论了很长时间。尽管对艺术家行为的正面评论
可
以提高他们的艺术成就，但人们应该把艺术家视为与作品分离的个体
)”
和最后一段中
“
Goodart
should
,
therefore
,
be
judged
due
to
its
value
and not the value of the artist.(
因此，评判优秀艺术作品的标准应该是它的
价值，而不是艺术家的价值
)”
可知，文章第一段中
提出观点：应该把艺术家视为与作品相分离的个体。文
章最后总结：评判优秀艺术作品的标准应该是作品的价值，而不是艺术家的价值，再
次强调应该把艺术家
与作品分
开
评价。所以
B
项
“
将艺术与艺术家分开
”
是最佳标题。故选
B
项。
)
(2023 春 ·浙江杭州 · 高一期中) For years, people had been warned that New Orleans was vulnerable (脆弱 的). The FEMA had stated that a hurricane hitting the city would be one of the deadliest disasters in the history of U.S. But then, in September 2004, New Orleans had been spared by Hurricane Ivan. However, it had provided the city with a clear warning. It had showed the need to prepare for the next hurricane. But the authorities did not act quickly or decisively enough. Eleven months later, Hurricane Katrina destroyed the city.
In 2003, the Harvard Business Review published an article titled Predictable Surprises: The Disasters You Should Have Seen Coming. The authors, Max Bazerman and Michael Watkins, argued that while the world is changeable, unpredictability is often not the problem. The problem is that we still fail to act, even if faced with clear risks. Psychologists describe this inaction as normalcy bias (偏见). In the face of disaster, people have often been slow to recognize the danger and do nothing until it is too late.
Part of the problem may simply be that we get our clues from others. In a famous experiment conducted in
the late 1960s, psychologists filled smoke into a room in which the participants were filling in a questionnaire. When the subject was sitting alone, he or she tended to note the smoke and calmly leave to report it. But when in a group of three, they were much less likely to react: each person remained passive, ensured by the passivity of the others.
Another cognitive (认知的) shortcut is optimism bias. In an experiment, psychologists Neil Weinstein asked more than 250 students to predict pleasant future such as good jobs and clear risks such as an early heart attack. To their surprise, the students felt that good things were likely to happen to themselves, while unpleasant things waited for other students, although they didn’t have any evidence to support that idea.
5 ．What contributed to the destruction of the city when the hurricane came
A ．Absence of warnings. B ．Inaction of the authorities.
C ．Shortage of supplies. D ．Unpredictability of the disaster.
6 ．Which of the following action can be described as normalcy bias
A ．People didn’t go to hospital due to the confidence in physical condition.
B ．Americans followed others to buy toilet paper crazily during the pandemic.
C ．Few people got prepared for the pandemic at first because others didn’t do so.
D ．Residents in New Orleans worked together to build shelters facing a hurricane.
7 ．How does the author introduce the two cognitive shortcuts
A ．By telling stories. B ．By listing facts.
C ．By making definition. D ．By giving examples.
8 ．Which of the following is the best title for the text
A ．Are Disasters Predictable
B ．Are We Ready for the Next Disaster
C ．Why Do We Fail to Prepare for Disasters
D ．What Is the Common Bias in Face of Disasters
(
【答案】
5
．
B 6
．
C 7
．
D 8
．
C
【导语】本文是一篇议论文，主要论述的是为什么我们总是无法在
灾难来临前做好准备。
5
．
细节理解题。根据第一段的
“
But
the
authorities
did
not
act
quickly
or
decisively
enough
.
Eleven
months
later
,
Hurricane Katrina destroyed the city.(
但当局的行动不够迅速和果断。
11
个月后， 飓风
Katrina
摧毁了这
座城市。
)”
可知，飓风来袭时，当局不作为导致了这座城市的毁灭。故选
B
。
6
．推理判断题。根据第二段的
“
The problem is that we still fail to act, even if faced with clear risks. Psychologists
descri
be
this
inaction
as
normalcy
bias
(
偏见
).
In
the
face
of
disaster
,
people
have
often
been
slow
to
recognize
the
)
(
danger
and
do
nothing
until
it
is
too
late
.(
问题是，即使面临明显的风险，我们仍然没有采取行动。心理学家
将这种
不
作为描述为正常偏见。面对灾难，人们往往迟迟没有意识到危险，直到为时已晚才采取行动。
)”
可
知，
C
选项
“
Few
people
got
prepared
for
the
pandemic
at
first
because
others
didn
’
t
do
so
.(
一开始很少有人为
大流行做
好准备，因为其他人没有这样做。
)”
说明了人们没有意识到危险，直到为时已晚才采取行动是一
种正常偏见，故选
C
。
7
．推理判断题。
根
据倒数第二段的
“
Part
of
the
problem
may
simply
be
that
we
get
our
clues
from
others
.
In
a famous
experiment
conducted
in
the
late
1960
s
,
psychologists
filled
smoke
into
a
room
in
which
the
participants were
filling
in
a
questionnaire
.(
部分问题可能仅仅是我们从别人那里获得线索。在
20
世纪
60
年代末进行的
一项著
名实验中， 心理学家向一间正在填写问卷的房间里注入烟雾。
)”
和最后一段的
“Anothercognitive (
认
知的
)
shortcut
is
optimism
bias
.
In
an
experiment
,
psychologists
Neil
Weinstein
asked
more
than
250
students
to predict
pleasant
future
such
as
good
jobs
and
clear
risks
such
as
an
early
heart
attack
.(
另一个认知捷径是乐观
偏
见。在一项实验中，心理学家
Neil
Weinstein
要求
250
多名学生
预测美好的未来，比如好工作，以及明确
的风险，比如心脏病发作。
)”
可知，作者是通过举例介绍这两种认知捷径的，故选
D
。
8
．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第二段的
“
The
problem
is
that
we
still
fail
to
act
,
even
if
faced
with
clear risks
.
Psychologists
describe
this
inaction
as
normalcy
bias
(
偏见
).
In
the
face
of
disaster
,
people
have
often
been slow
to
recognize
the
danger
and
do
nothing
until
it
is
too
late
.(
问题是， 即使面临明显的风险， 我们仍然没有采
取行动。
心
理学家将这种不作为描述为正常偏见。面对灾难， 人们往往迟迟没有意识到危险， 直到为时已
晚
才采取行动。
)”
，倒数第二段的
“
Part
of
the
problem
may
simply
be
that
we
get
our
clues
from
others
.(
部分问
题
可
能仅仅是我们从别人那里获得线索。
)”
和最后一段的
“
Another
cognitive
(
认知的
)
shortcut
is
optimism bias
.(
另一个认知
捷
径是乐观偏见。
)”
可知， 本文主要论述的是为什么我们总是无法在灾难来临前做好准备，
因
此
最好的题目是
C
选项
“
Why
Do
We
Fail
to
Prepare
for
Disasters
(
为什么我们没有为灾难做好准备？
)”
。
故选
C
。
)
(2023春 · 辽宁沈阳 · 高一校联考期中)
ChatGPT, a powerful Al chatbot tool, has swept the world in the past months. While it has been dominating social media with its frighteningly good essays, ChatGPT has also caused both excitement and worries in education.
According to a US survey of more than 1,000 students, over 89 percent of them had used ChatGPT to help with a homework task. Some students even got high scores thanks to papers written by ChatGPT.
Some universities and schools have banned the use of ChatGPT, such as public schools in New York City,
CNN reported. The move comes out of growing concerns that the tool could make it easier for students to cheat on schoolwork and be used to spread inaccurate (不精确的) information. “While the tool may be able to provide quick and easy answers to questions, it does not build critical-thinking and problem-solving skills, which are essential for academic (学术的) and lifelong success,” Jenna Lyle, said in a statement.
Apart from strict bans, teachers are redesigning their courses in an attempt to block the use of ChatGPT. Some college professors in the US are now including more oral exams and handwritten papers instead of typed ones, The New York Times reported.
However, not all educators are saying “no” to ChatGPT. Some Canadian universities are not planning on banning the tool. Instead, they are working on policies ( 政 策) about its proper usage, for both students and lecturers.
Bhaskar Vira, pro-vice-chancellor for education at University of Cambridge in the UK, said that bans on AI software like ChatGPT are not sensible. “I’m of the opinion that we have to recognise that AI is a tool people will use but then adapt our learning, teaching and examination processes so that we can continue to have integrity (诚 信) while recognizing the use of the tool,” he told Varsity, the school newspaper of the university.
Vira’s opinion on ChatGPT is shared by Peter van der Putten, assistant professor at Leiden University in the Netherlands. “It’s there, just like Google is there. You can write it into your policies for stopping cheating but it’s a reality that the tool exists,” he told Sky News.
9 ．Why did the author mention the US survey data in Paragraph 2
A ．To criticize the use of ChatGPT in education.
B ．To show the popularity of ChatGPT among students.
C ．To show the places of using ChatGPT for academic tasks.
D ．To highlight the negative effects of ChatGPT on academic integrity.
10 ．What is the concern that led some universities and schools to ban the use of ChatGPT
A ．The tool is too expensive.
B ．The tool is not user-friendly.
C ．The tool can cause physical harm to students.
D ．The tool may be used to spread inaccurate information.
11 ．Why are some educators redesigning their courses
A ．To make them more difficult. B ．To allow the use of ChatGPT.
C ．To decrease the workload of students. D ．To prevent students from using ChatGPT.
12 ．What is the opinion of Peter van der Putten on the use of ChatGPT
A ．It should be used with proper policies and guidelines.
B ．It is not a useful tool for students.
C ．It should be used without limits.
D ．It should be banned.
(
【答案】
9
．
B 10
．
D 11
．
D 12
．
A
【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文
章主要介绍了人工智能聊天机器人
ChatGPT
在教育界掀起了一场风暴以及
教育
界
是如何应对的。
9
．推理判断题。
根据文章第二段中
“
According
to
a
US
survey
of
more
than
1,000
students
,
over
89
percent
of them
had
used
ChatGPT
to
help
with
a
homework
task
.
Some
students
even
got
high
scores
thanks
to
papers written
by
ChatGPT
. (
根据美国一项针对
1000
多名学生的调查，超
过
89%
的学生使用聊天语言来帮助完成
家庭作业。一
些学生甚至因为
ChatGPT
写的论文而获得了高分。
)”
可知，
ChatGPT
很受学生欢迎。故选
B
项。
10
．细节理解题。根据文章第三段
“T
h
e
move
comes
out
of
growing
concerns
that
the
tool
could
make
it
easier
for
students
to cheat on schoolwork and be used to spread inaccurate information. (
此举是因为人们越来越担心该工
具会让
学
生更容易在功课上作弊， 并被用来传播不准确的信息。
)”
可知， 一些大学和学校禁止
ChatGPT
的
原因是他们担心该工具会让学生更容易在作业中作弊和被用来传播不
精确的信息。故选
D
项。
11
．细节理解题。根据文章第四段
“Apart from strict bans, teachers are redesigning their courses in an attempt to
block
the
use
of
ChatGPT
. (
除了严格禁止外，教师们正在重新设计他们的课程，试图阻止
ChatGPT
的使
用。
)
可知，老师
们重新设计课程的原因是想要试图阻止
ChatGPT
的使用。故选
D
项。
12
．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段
““
I
’
m
of
the
opinion
that
we
have
to
recognise
that
AI
is a tool people will use
but
then
adapt
our
learning
,
teaching
and
examination
processes
so
that
we
can
continue
to
have
integrity
(
诚信
)
while
recognizing
the
use
of
the
tool
,”
he
told
Varsity
,
the
school
newspaper
of
the
university
. (“
我的观点是，我
们必须认识到人工智能是一种人们会使用的工具， 但随后调整我们的学习、教学和考试过程， 这样我
们
才
能在认识到这种工具的使用的同时保持诚信，
”
他在接受该校校报《
Varsity
》采
访时表示。
)
可知，
Vira
认
为禁用
ChatGPT
是不理智 的 ，并且最后一段 中 的
“
Vira
’
s
opinion
on
ChatGPT
is
shared
by Peter van der
Putten
,”
可
知
，
Peter van der Putten
赞同
Bhaskar Vira
的观点， 人工智能是一种工具， 它应该辅以适当的政策
和
准则一起使用。故选
A
项。
)
(2023 春 ·广东深圳 · 高一深圳市高级中学校考期中)You are given many opportunities in life to choose to be a victim or creator. When you choose to be a victim, the world is a cold and difficult place. “They” did things to you which caused all of your pain and suffering. “They” are wrong and bad, and life is terrible as long as “they”
are around. Or you may blame yourself for all your problems, thus internalizing (内化) your victimization. The
truth is, your life is likely to stay that way as long as you feel a need to blame yourself or others.
Those who choose to be creators look at life quite differently. They know there are individuals who might like to control their lives, but they don’t let this get in the way. They know they have their weaknesses, yet they don’t blame themselves when they fail. Whatever happens, they have choice in the matter. They believe their dance with each sacred (神圣的) moment of life is a gift and that storms are a natural part of life which can bring the rain needed for emotional and spiritual growth.
Victims and creators live in the same physical world and deal with many of the same physical realities, yet their experience of life is worlds apart. Victims relish (沉溺) in anger, guilt, and other emotions that cause others- -and even themselves--to feel like victims, too. Creators consciously choose love, inspiration, and other qualities which inspire not only themselves, but all around them. Both victims and creators always have choice to determine the direction of their lives.
In reality, all of us play the victim or the creator at various points in our lives. One person, on losing a job or a special relationship, may feel as if it is the end of the world and sink into terrible suffering for months, years, or even a lifetime. Another with the same experience may choose to first experience the grief, then accept the loss and soon move on to be a powerful creative force in his life.
In every moment and every circumstance, you can choose to have filler, richer life by setting a clear intention to transform the victim within, and by inviting into your life the powerful creator that you are.
13 ．What does the word “They” in paragraph 1 probably refer to
A ．People and things around you. B ．Opportunities and problems.
C ．Creators and their choices. D ．Victims and their sufferings.
14 ．According to Paragraph 2, creators ________.
A ．seem willing to experience failures in life B ．possess the ability to predict future life
C ．handle ups and downs of life wisely D ．have potential to create something new
15 ．The examples mentioned in Paragraph 4 show that ________.
A ．different reactions to sufferings lead to different life paths.
B ．people need family support to deal with challengers in life.
C ．it takes creators quite a long time to get rid of their pains.
D ．one’s experiences determine his attitude toward life.
16 ．What is the author’s purpose in writing this passage
A ．To define victims and creators.
B ．To evaluate victims against creators.
C ．To explain the relationship between victims and creators.
D ．To suggest the transformation from victims to creators.
【答案】 13 ．A 14 ．C 15 ．A 16 ．D
【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章通过对比选择成为生活的受害者或创造者对生活产生的不同影响来告诫我
们要改变我们看待事情的观念，使自己从受害者的角色变为创造者。
13． 词义猜测题。根据第一段前四句“You are given many opportunities in life to choose to be a victim or creator. When you choose to be a victim, the world is a cold and difficult place. “They” did things to you which caused all of your pain and suffering. “They” are wrong and bad, and life is terrible as long as “they” are around.” (在生活中， 你有很多机会选择成为受害者或创造者。当你选择成为受害者时， 这个世界是一个冷酷而艰 难的地方。“他们”对你做了一些事，造成了你所有的痛苦和折磨。“他们”是错误的，坏的，只要“他们”在 身边，生活就很可怕。) 可知，当自己选择成为受害者时，对周围的人和物会持消极否定的态度，认为他
们造成了自己的痛苦，使自己的生活苦不堪言，故这里“They”指代周围的人和物。故选 A 项。
14．细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“They believe their dance with each sacred (神圣的) moment of life is a gift and that storms are a natural part of life which can bring the rain needed for emotional and spiritual growth.” (他们相信他们与生命中每一个神圣时刻的舞蹈都是一份礼物， 暴风雨是生命中自然的一部分， 可以带来 情感和精神成长所需的雨水。)可知，创造者对待生命中的福与祸都持积极乐观的态度。故选 C 项。
15．推理判断题。根据第四段后两句“One person, on losing a job or a special relationship, may feel as if it is the end of the world and sink into terrible suffering for months, years, or even a lifetime. Another with the same experience may choose to first experience the grief, then accept the loss and soon move on to be a powerful creative force in his life.” (一个人，在失去一份工作或结束一段特殊的关系时， 可能会觉得好像是世界末日， 陷入几个月、几年甚至一生的可怕痛苦中。另一个有同样经历的人可能会选择先经历悲伤， 然后接受损失， 很快就会爆发他生命中强大的创造力。) 可知，面对痛苦，有的人可能从此一蹶不振，但有的人能够克服 痛苦，成为更强大的自己，故而对痛苦的不同反应导致了不同的人生道路。故选 A 项。
16．推理判断题。根据最后一段“In every moment and every circumstance, you can choose to have filler, richer life by setting a clear intention to transform the victim within, and by inviting into your life the powerful creator that you are” (在任何时刻、任何情况下， 你都可以通过设定一个清晰的意图来改变内心受害者的角色， 并 邀请你这个强大的创造者的角色进入你的生活，从而选择充实、丰富的生活。) 并结合上文对受害者和创 造者对待生活不同态度的论述可知， 作者写这篇文章的目的是为了改变我们看待事情的观念， 使自己从受 害者的角色变为创造者。故选 D 项。
(2023 秋 · 高一单元测试) What Makes a Soccer Player Great
Soccer is played by millions of people all over the world, but there have been only a few players who were
truly great. How did these players get that way — was it through training and practice, or are great players “born not made”
Firstly, these players came from places that have had famous stars in the past — players that a young boy can look up to (敬仰) and try to imitate. In the history of soccer, only six countries have ever won the World Cup, three from South America and three from Europe. There has never been a national team or a really great player from North America or from Asia.
Secondly, these players all had years of practice in the game. Alfredo Di Stefano was the son of a soccer player, as was Pele. Most players began playing the game at the age of three or four.
Finally, many great players come from the same kind of neighbourhood — a poor, crowded area where a boy’s dream is not to be a doctor, lawyer or businessman, but to become a rich, famous athletes or entertainer. For example, Liverpool, which produced the Beatles, had one of the best English soccer teams in recent years. Pele practised in the street with a “ball” made of rags. And George Best learned the tricks that made him famous by bouncing the ball off a wall in the slums (贫民区) of Belfast.
All great players have a lot in common, but that doesn’t explain why they are great. Hundreds of boys played in those Brazilian streets, but only one became Pele. The greatest players are born with some unique qualities that set them apart from all the others.
17 ．According to the passage, which of the following statements is TRUE
A ．Soccer is popular all over the world, but truly great players are rare.
B ．Millions of people all over the world are playing soccer, but only six countries have ever had famous stars in the past.
C ．Soccer is played by millions of people all over the world, but only six countries from South America and West Europe have ever had great national teams.
D．Soccer is one of the most popular games all over the world, but it seems least popular in North America or Asia.
18 ．The underlined word “tricks” at the end of Paragraph 4 is closest in meaning to “________”．
A ．experience B ．cheating
C ．skills D ．training
19 ．Liverpool and Brazilian streets are two geographic terms used to illustrate (说明) ________.
A ．where soccer players get their way
B ．how neighbourhood affects a soccer player’s success
C ．why they can produce the best soccer teams
D ．what a poor, crowded area will provide a future soccer player with
20 ．In the last paragraph, the statement “ ...but only one became Pele” indicates that ________.
A ．Pele is the greatest soccer player
B ．the great players are born with some unique qualities
C ．Pele’s birthplace sets him apart from all the others
D ．the success of a soccer player has everything to do with the family background
【答案】 17 ．A 18 ．C 19 ．D 20 ．B 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要分析了到底是什么成就了伟大的球员。 17．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Soccer is played by millions of people all over the world, but there have been only a few players who were truly great.(全世界有数百万人踢足球，但真正伟大的球员却寥寥无几。)”可知， 足球在全世界都受欢迎，但伟大的运动员却不多。故选 A 。 18．词句猜测题。根据第四段画线词后“that made him famous by bouncing the ball off a wall in the slums (贫 民区) ofBelfast. (通过把球弹到贫民区的墙上， 学会了使他成名的……)”可知， George Best 是在练习使自己 成名的足球技巧。选项A“experience (经历)”；选项 B“cheating (欺骗)”；选项 C“skills (技巧)”；选项 D“training (训练)”。故选 C 。 19．推理判断题。根据文章第四段所举的利物浦和巴西街道的例子是为了说明上文的观点， 也就是第四段 “Finally, many great players come from the same kind of neighbourhood—a poor, crowded area where a boy’s dream is not to be a doctor, lawyer or businessman, but to become a rich, famous athletes or entertainer.(最后，许 多伟大的运动员都来自同一类型的社区——一个贫穷、拥挤的地区，在那里，男孩的梦想不是成为医生、 律师或商人，而是成为富有、著名的运动员或艺人。)”讲明这样贫穷、拥挤的地区为未来的足球运动员提 供了梦想。故选 D 。 20．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“All great players have a lot in common, but that doesn’t explain why they are great. Hundreds of boys played in those Brazilian streets, but only one became Pele. The greatest players are born with some unique qualities that set them apart from all the others.(所有伟大的球员都有很多共同点，但这并不 能解释他们为什么伟大。成百上千的男孩在巴西的街道上玩耍， 但只有一个成为了贝利。最伟大的球员天 生就有一些独特的品质，使他们与众不同。)”可知，文章最后一段这句话是为了告诉我们伟大的球员天生 就有一些独特的品质。故选 B 。
(2023 春 · 山东聊城 · 高一山东聊城一中校考期中) Cleaning up the table, I caught sight of small round plastic pieces. I discovered they were the tops or covers of color markers I had kept on the table. The only difference was that someone got those covers and chewed them into shapelessness. On another part of the table, I saw the color markers dried up without covers. I was almost sure I knew who had done it and I could not
understand the motivation behind his actions.
As I considered my discovery, my frustration and disappointment gradually went away when I remembered that as a child, I did several weird( 奇怪的)things that must have bothered my mother. I cut our shoes, I chewed pens and pencils, and I wrote and drew pictures on walls and destroyed many items at home. The mind of a child is curious and explorative, seeking to understand and test the limits of many things. Of course, it can be costly, but what is growing up if no mistakes are made
We call it paying the school fees of life. If a child plays with a hot iron and it burns them, it is a given that they will not go near the iron again. Sometimes I watch the children in my neighborhood playing dangerous games. Occasionally, I have got myself involved and spoken up, but sometimes I let it pass. Until someone has fallen off his bike, they may not want to be told to stop riding with reckless abandon(毫无顾忌). Until a child has fallen down, they will not listen when asked to get down from the tree. However, wisdom shows that if the behavior is deadly, you should get involved in time.
Creativity is a valuable quality. And this is why we should encourage children to remain innovative rather than be simple recipients of everything they have known and seen. Allow children to make mistakes, but this must be followed with supervision(监督), monitoring, and correction.
21 ．What happened to the author’s color markers
A ．They were stolen.
B ．They were destroyed.
C ．They were thrown away.
D ．They were cleaned by mistake.
22 ．What does the author mainly want to show in Paragraph 3
A ．Mistakes are unavoidable for children.
B ．Some lessons of life are too painful to bear.
C ．Children often put themselves in danger.
D ．Children can learn from their mistakes.
23 ．What would be the best title for the text
A ．What is growing up without making mistakes
B ．How to help children grow up quickly
C ．How to deal with children’s mistakes
D ．What really matters in growing up
(
【
答
案】
21
．
B 22
．
D 23
．
A
【导语】本文是一篇议论文。作者认为只要不是非常危险的错
误
,
应该允许孩子在成长的过程中犯错。
)
(
21
．
细
节理解题。根据第一段
“
Cleaning
up
the
table
,
I
caught
sight
of
small
round
plastic
pieces
.
I
discovered
they were
the
tops
or
covers
of
color
markers
I
had
kept
on
the
table
.
The
only
difference
was
that
someone
got
those covers
and
chewed
them
into
shapelessness
. (
在收拾桌子时， 我看到了一些圆形的小塑料片。我发现它们是我
放在桌
子
上的彩色标记的顶部或盖子。唯一不同的是，有人拿到了那些盖子，把它们咬得不成形。
)”
可知，
作者放在桌上的彩笔被人毁坏了。故选
B
。
22
．推理判断题。根据第三段
“We call it paying the school fees of life. If a ch
ild
plays
with
a
hot
iron
and
it
burns
them
,
it
is
a
given
that
they
will
not
go
near
the
iron
again
.
Sometimes
I
watch
the
children
in
my
neighborhood
playing
dangerous
games
. (
我
们称之为支付生活的学费。如果一个孩子玩一个热熨斗， 它把他们烫伤了， 那
么他们就不会再靠近熨斗了。
)”
可推知，作者认为孩子可以从错误中学习。故选
D
。
23
． 主旨大意题。通读全文， 并结合第二段的
“
The
mind
of
a
child
is
curious
and
explorative
,
seeking
to understand
and
test
the
limits
of
many
things
.
Of
course
,
it
can
be
costly
,
but
what
is
growing
up
if
no
mistakes are
made
(
孩子的思维是好奇和探索的，试图理解和测试许多事情的极限。当然，这可能代价高昂，但如
果不犯错误
，
成长起来会怎么样？
)”
可知，文章主要谈论看了孩子需要通过在犯错中成长。故选
A
。
)
(2023 春· 辽宁沈阳· 高一统考阶段练习)Kindness is seen as a true strength, and the success of civilizations (文明) relies on kindness. As parents and teachers, we also teach children from a young age to “be kind to one another” and “treat others the way you want to be treated.”
In addition to being helpful to our interpersonal relationships, research has shown that kindness can even contribute to our well-being. According to the Mayo Clinic, when we perform acts of kindness, the pleasure center in our brain is activated, releasing the stress-reducing hormone ( 激素). Individuals who volunteer on a regular basis report greater life satisfaction. And what is even greater is that kindness rarely stops with just one person. There can be a positive contagion ( 扩散) effect, where other people are inspired to be nice if they receive a random act of kindness. The question then arises: Could kindness be harmful to us when it has such clear benefits Let’s think about this in the workplace or in an organization.
You are the new person on the team and you want to be well-liked and respected by your colleagues. You are a kind person and tell your team, “Let me know how I can help you; I’m always available to help.” Though you may truly mean this, unfortunately there are people in this world who can see your kindness as a weakness. This can lead to you being taken advantage of by others.
Let’s fast forward a year. You have been in your position now for one year, and you are working with the same team. You are noticing that your colleagues continue asking for your help over and over again. In fact, the only time they communicate with you is when they need something. You have been so helpful to your colleagues
and there has rarely been any return from them.
In a very broad sense, it is advantageous to be kind to others, and your kind acts will be appreciated ( 感激) and, perhaps, paid forward. However, you need to be wiling to say “no” . Recognize when your plate is already too full. When people ask you a favor, assess ( 评估) if you have the time, energy, and attention to give to them. To truly be kind, sometimes you need to be more comfortable saying “no” to others and saying “yes” to yourself.
24 ．What has the Mayo Clinic found concerning kindness
A ．It does good to our mind.
B ．It reduces hormone levels.
C ．It adds years to people’s life.
D ．It leads to the success of civilizations.
25 ．What might the new person feel one year later
A ．Grateful. B ．Bored. C ．Disappointed. D ．Energetic.
26 ．What does the underlined part in the last paragraph mean
A ．When you’re too full to eat anything.
B ．When your kind acts get appreciated.
C ．When you should ask others a favor.
D ．When you’re physically and mentally tired.
27 ．What can be the best title for the text
A ．Your kindness counts for your well-being!
B ．Are we tiring ourselves with kindness
C ．Why are acts of kindness important
D ．Never quit kindness at work!
(
【答
案
】
24
．
A 25
．
C 26
．
D 27
．
B
【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章讲
述
了善良是一种美德， 能增强人的幸福感。但有时候你的善良会被别人
利用，所以要想真正善
良，有时你需要更自在地对别人说
“
不
”
，对自己说
“
是
”
。
24
．细节理解题。根据第二段
“
According
to
the
Mayo
Clinic
,
when
we
perform
acts
of
kindness
,
the
pleasure center
in
our
brain
is
activated
,
releasing
the
stress
-
reducing
hormone
(
根据梅奥诊所的说法，当我们做出善举
时，我们大脑中的愉悦中心会被激活，
释放出减压激素
)”
可知，梅奥诊所发现善举对我们的心智有益，故
选
A
项。
25
．推理判断题。根据第四段
“You are noticing that your colleagues continue asking f
or
your
help
over
and
over again
.
In
fact
,
the
only
time
they
communicate
with
you
is
when
they
need
something
.
You
have
been
so
helpful to
your
colleagues
and
there
has
rarely
been
any
return
from
them
. (
你注意到你的同事不断地向你寻求帮
助。
)
(
事实上， 他们与你沟通的唯一时间是在他们需要什么的时候。你对你的同事很有帮助， 他们几乎没有任何
回报
)”
可推理出，对于新人来说，一年
以后同时不断向你寻求帮助以至于达到理所当然，没有任何回报的
程度，你
会
对此感到失望，故选
C
项。
2
6
．词义猜测题。根据最后一段划线词上文
“
However
,
youneed
to
be
wiling
to
say
“
no
” . (
然而，你需要有意
愿
说不
)”
以及下文
“
When
people
ask
you
a
favor
,
assess
(
评估
)
ifyou
have
the
time
,
energy
,
and
attention
to
give to
them
(
当人们向你请求帮助时， 评
估你是否有时间、精力和注意力给予他们
)”
可知， 当人们向你寻求帮助
的时候， 你要评估自己是否有时间和精力给予帮助， 由此可推理出如果你已经身心俱
疲， 就要勇敢地说不，
因此划线词表达的含义应为
“
身心都很疲劳
”
，故选
D
项
。
27
．主旨
大意题。根据第一段
“
Kindness
is
seen
as
a
true
strength
, (
善良被视为一种真正的力量
)”
、第二段
“
Could kindness
be
harmful
to
us
when
it
has
such
clear
benefits
(
当善良有如此明显的好处时， 它会对我们有害吗？
)
”
以及最后一段
“
However
,
you
need
to
be
wiling
to
say
“
no
” .
Recognize
when
your
plate
is
already
too
full
.
When people
ask
you
a
favor
,
assess
(
评估
)
ifyou
have
the
time
,
energy
,
and
attention
to
give
to
them
. (
然而， 你需要有
意愿说不， 要能识别出你身心俱疲的时候， 当人们向你请求帮助时， 评估你
是否有时间、精力和注意力给
予他们
)”
可知， 文章在第一二段提出了善良是一种美
德， 但过多的善良可能会让你身心俱疲，
B
项
“
Are
we
tiring
ourselves
with
kindness
(
我们是不是因为善
良而疲惫不堪？
)”
表达的含义与上述分析一致， 故选
B
项。
)
(2023 秋 ·江苏盐城 · 高一盐城市第一中学校联考期末) What impresses you most when you think back to your years at university For me, it is my first Greek philosophy class from Dr. Degenaar at Stellenbosch
University.
Dr. Degenaar came into the lecture room on the first Friday morning of the term and asked us to write down our own definition of the “soul” . Here was the “teacher” asking us what we thought—it was an almost literally mind-blowing experience. He was not telling us what he thought but asking us how we saw something. The following discussion was interesting. That was my first experience of real learning in a classroom.
Almost 50 years have passed since that experience. Of the other lecturers who “taught” me during that year. I remember they “taught” me the history of Greek philosophy, but I remember little of that history and absolutely nothing of those lecturers. And most of what I remember about Greek philosophy is what I learned in Dr. Degenaar’s class, for my own interest.
I took further courses with Dr. Degenaar in the following years. Like the first class, there was little “lecturing” at us, but far more involvement of us all in a process of mutual ( 共 同 的) discovery in which we learned a lot about each other and the important issues of the day. The excitement of discovery stays with me. Then it took me almost another 20 years to get a deeper understanding of what had happened in that lecture hall:
experiential learning.
Traditionally, learners have been seen as “empty containers” waiting to be “filled” with learning given them by the teacher. The learner is, therefore, dependent on the teacher for what to think and how to pliance (遵从) is rewarded and so independent and original thinking is not developed.
In contrast, in experiential learning, the learner is encouraged to think for himself/herself not to repeat the thought patterns of the teacher. The learning happens not because of what a “teacher” or “lecturer” says but because of what the learner does. In this sense, I think this is the best way to learn and everyone should try it and learn from it.
28 ．What did the author think of his first Greek philosophy class
A ．Boring. B ．Amazing.
C ．Confusing. D ．Challenging.
29 ．Why does the author compare Dr. Degenaar and the other lecturers
A ．To prove Dr. Degenaar’s devotion to his career.
B ．To stress Dr. Degenaar’s great influence on him.
C ．To point out Dr. Degenaar’s popularity among students.
D ．To show the author’s deep interest in Greek philosophy.
30 ．How does experiential learning differ from traditional learning
A ．It combines theory with practice. B ．It has no limit on learning places.
C ．It encourages independent thinking. D ．It focuses more on the result of learning.
31 ．What’s the author’s purpose in writing the text
A ．To introduce his respected teachers.
B ．To share his favorite university lesson.
C ．To explain the factors of experiential learning.
D ．To recommend an effective learning approach.
(
【答
案
】
28
．
B 29
．
B 30
．
C 31
．
D
【导
语
】本文为一篇议论文。作者通过比较大学时代的教授希腊哲学课的
Degenaar
博士的体验式学习法和
其他讲师使用的
“
视学生为容器
”
的传统学习法，指出：体验式学习法鼓励学习者思考，是最好的学习方
式
。
28
．推理
判
断题。根据第二段
“
Dr
.
Degenaar
came
into
the
lecture
room
on
the
first
Friday
morning
of
the
term
and asked
us
to
write
down
our
own
definition
of
the
‘
soul
’ .
Here
was
the
‘
teacher
’
asking
us
what
we
thought
—
it
was an
almost
literally
mind
-
blowing
experience
.
He
was
not
telling
us
what
he
thought
but
asking
us
how
we
saw something
.
The
following
discussion
was
interesting
.
That
was
my
first
experience
of
real
learning
in
a
classroom
.
(
Degenaar
博
士在本学期的第一个周五早上来到讲堂，让我们写下自己对
‘
灵魂
’
的定义。这是
‘
老师
’
问我们
)
的想法——这几乎是一次令人兴奋的经历。他不是在告诉我们他是怎么想的，而是在问我们是怎么看的。 接下来的讨论很有趣。那是我第一次在课堂上真正的学习。)”可知，作者认为他的第一堂希腊哲学课令人 兴奋，很有趣，是作者第一次在课堂上真正的学习，这是一堂令作者惊奇的课。故选 B 项。 29．推理判断题。根据第一段“What impresses you most when you think back to your years at university For me, it is my first Greek philosophy class from Dr. Degenaar at Stellenbosch University. (当你回想起你的大学岁 月时，什么给你印象最深？对我来说，这是我在斯泰伦博斯大学上的第一堂德格纳尔博士的希腊哲学 课。)”，以及第三段“Almost 50 years have passed since that experience. Of the other lecturers who ‘taught’ me during that year. I remember they ‘taught’ me the history of Greek philosophy, but I remember little of that history and absolutely nothing of those lecturers. And most of what I remember about Greek philosophy is what I learned in Dr. Degenaar’s class, for my own interest. (那次经历已经过去近 50 年了。那一年里教过我的其他讲 师。我记得他们‘教’我希腊哲学史，但我对那段历史记得很少，对那些讲师更是一无所知。我对希腊哲学 的大部分记忆都是我在 Degenaar 博士的课上学到的，出于我自己的兴趣。)”可知，通过比较 Degenaar 博 士和其他讲师的课， 作者只对 Degenaar 博士的课记忆深刻， 强调了Degenaar 博士对他的巨大影响。故选 B 项。 30．细节理解题。根据最后一段“In contrast, in experiential learning, the learner is encouraged to think for himself / herself not to repeat the thought patterns of the teacher. (相反， 在体验式学习中， 学习者被鼓励独立思考， 而 不是重复老师的思维模式。)”可知，体验式学习不同于传统学习，这个学习方式鼓励学习者独立思考，故 选 C 项。 31 ．推理判断题。根据最后一段“In contrast, in experiential learning, the learner is encouraged to think for himself/herself not to repeat the thought patterns of the teacher. The learning happens not because of what a ‘teacher’ or ‘lecturer’ says but because of what the learner does. In this sense, I think this is the best way to learn and everyone should try it and learn from it. (相反， 在体验式学习中， 学习者被鼓励独立思考， 而不是重复老 师的思维模式。学习的发生不是因为‘老师’或‘讲师’说了什么， 而是因为学习者做了什么。从这个意义上说， 我认为这是最好的学习方式， 每个人都应该尝试并从中学习。 )”可知， 作者通过比较 Degenaar 博士的体验 式学习法和其他讲师使用的传统学习法，指出：体验式学习法鼓励学习者思考，是最好的学习方式，所以 作者的写作目的是推荐一种有效的学习方法。故选 D 项。
(2023 春·江西 · 高一统考期中)More educators and researchers are bringing attention to misinformation (错 误信息) through the internet and social media. Teaching media literacy (素养) can be a problem. Those against teaching internet literacy say it’s the same as thought control, which prevents some teachers from using it in class. Erin, a mother from Massachusetts who has worked as a reporter, said that media literacy is a skill as
important as computer engineering for the economy. She created a nonprofit group called Media Literacy Now to
support digital literacy education. “Basic communication is part of our information economy, and there will be huge implications for our economy if we don’t get this right,” she said.
Shawn Lee. who teaches social studies in Seattle, Washington, has taught about double -checking online reports, getting information from more than a few places and using critical (批评的) thinking. He also created an organization for teachers to share experiences.
Teaching internet literacy to fight misinformation may be more effective than new laws. Some US states have added new standards for teaching internet literacy. Subjects can include how the internet and social media work, how to find misinformation by looking at many sources. Other ways of identifying misinformation might include looking for missing background information or recognizing emotional headlines.
Media and internet literacy is taught around the world. Finland and Canada have developed programs over the years to teach young people about the media. The goal is to get young people to understand what in the news and on the internet is a fact, and what isn’t.
Media and internet literacy is often compared to driver’s education. “We need speed limits, we need well designed roads and good regulations to ensure cars are safe. But we also teach people how to drive safely,” a director of education Johnson said.
This combination of government, industry and educators is considered the model that is needed for internet and media literacy. Education is needed for an effective answer to fight internet misinformation.
32 ．What’s the view of people against teaching internet literacy
A ．It needs laws to prove its effect.
B ．It adds to teachers’ heavy work.
C ．It’s like controlling people’s thought.
D ．It may face strong criticism of parents.
33 ．What has Shawn done to support internet literacy
A ．He’s created Media Literacy Now.
B ．He’s taught students critical thinking.
C ．He’s invented online double checking.
D ．He’s asked teachers to share experiences.
34 ．What is the fourth paragraph mainly about
A ．What’s been done about online literacy.
B ．What effect online literacy has on us.
C ．How we can stop misinformation online.
D ．How we could beat online misinformation.
35 ．What does Johnson think about teaching internet literacy
A ．People should learn about safe surfing.
B ．It should be covered in driver’s education.
C ．It calls for the efforts of online education.
D ．Finland and Canada have experience in this.
(
【答案
】
32
．
C 33
．
B 34
．
D 35
．
A
【导语】本文
是
一篇议论文。作者主要阐述了加强网络信息分辨的教育， 让人们学会分辨网上的虚假信息，
进
而
更好地培养人们的网络素养。
32
．细节理解题。根据第一段中
“Teac
hing
media
literacy
(
素养
)
can
be
a
problem
.
Those
against
teaching
internet
literacy
say
it
’
s
the
same
as
thought
control
,
which
prevents
some
teachers
from
using
it
in
class
. (
教授媒体素养
可能是一个问题。那些反对教授互联网素养的人说， 它与思想控制相同， 这阻止了一些老师在课堂上使
用
它。
)”
可知人们反对教授网络素养是因为人们认为它就像是思想控制，故选
C
项。
3
3
．细节理解题。根据第三段
“
Shawn
Lee
.
who
teaches
social
studies
in
Seattle
,
Washington
,
has
taught
about double
-
checking
online
reports
,
getting
information
from
more
than
a
few
places
and
using
critical
(
批评 的
)
thinking
.
He
also
created
an
organization
for
teachers
to
share
experiences
. (
肖恩
·
李在华盛顿州西雅图教授社会
研究， 教授过双重检查在线报告， 从多个地方获取信息并使用批判性思维。他还创建了一个教师
分
享经验
的组织
。
)”
可知肖恩在学校教社会学，教学生在阅读网络报道时进行双重检查，并且需要带有批判性思维。
故选
B
项。
34
．主旨大意题。根据第四段
“
Teaching
internet
literacy
to
fight misinformation may be more effective than new
laws
.
Some
US
states
have
added
new
standards
for
teaching
internet
literacy
.
Subjects
can
include
how
the internet
and
social
media
work
,
how
to
find
misinformation
by
looking
at
many
sources
.
Other
ways
of identifying
misinformation
might
include
looking
for
missing
background
information
or
recognizing
emotional headlines
. (
教授互联网素养以打击错误
信息可能比新法律更有效。美国一些州增加了教授互联网素养的新
标准。主题可以包括互联网和社交媒体
如何运作， 如何通过查看许多来源来发现错误信息。识别错误信息
的其他方法可能包括寻找缺失的背景信息或识别情绪化
的标题。
)”
可知本段主要讲述如何教人们进行网络
信息分辨以应对虚假信息， 包括告知人们网络和社交媒体的运行方式， 教人们通过查看信息来源来辨
别
错
误信息，让人们学会寻找缺失信息、识别情绪化的标题等。故选
D
项。
35
．推理判断题。根据文章第六段
“Media and internet literacy is often compared to d
river
’
s
education
. “
We
need
speed
limits
,
we
need
well
designed
roads
and
good
regulations
to
ensure
cars
are
safe
.
But
we
also
teach
people
how
to
drive
safely
,”
a
director of education Johnson said. (
媒体和互联网素养经常被比作驾驶员的教育。
“
我们
)
需要限速，我们需要精心设计的道路和良好的法规来确保汽车安全。但我们也教人们如何安全驾驶”，教 育主任约翰逊说。)”可知约翰逊认为，网络信息分辨教育应该被看作与考驾照一样，需要相关的规章制度， 需要教育人们安全驾驶。这里说的“安全驾驶”指的是上网的安全教育。故选 A 项。
(2023 春 · 浙江温州 · 高一校联考期中) I was born and raised in England in a culture where privacy and “keeping yourself to yourself” were valued traditions. Speaking to strangers was not encouraged. People were most hospitable (好客的) and friendly — but only once they had been introduced to new people.
However, I have been lucky enough to spend some time in both Italy and the US, where I found traditions of hospitality and politeness to be very different.
I experienced Italian hospitality first-hand on a crowded railway carriage traveling, one afternoon, from Genoa to Florence. Sinking gratefully into an empty seat, I was berated (斥责) in rapid Italian by a gentleman who was returning to this seat — it had not been “spare” after all. I apologized in English, and got up to allow him back into the seat. The gentleman obviously had no understanding of the English language, but he, too, realized my genuine mistake. He smiled and gestured for me to remain in the seat, and he himself remained standing in the corridor for the rest of the journey. The other passengers of the carriage smiled and nodded at me and made me feel quite welcome amongst them. I feel that if this had been in England, a foreigner who made a mistake would not always be so kindly treated.
Transport was also obvious in the differences I noticed between English and American culture. I flew to New York on a plane with mainly English passengers. We sat together in near silence. Nobody spoke to me nor, as I expected, to anyone else they did not know. They felt it was not polite to disturb someone else’s privacy. However, when I traveled across the United States, whether by plane or Greyhound bus, I was never short of conversation. Conversation was going on all around me and whoever sat next to me was happy to introduce themselves and ask me about myself, which was usually a pleasant way to kill time. They obviously felt it would have been rude not to speak to another person, whether they were strangers or not.
36 ．What do we know about the passengers of the carriage when the author was travelling in Italy
A ．They were all on the side of the gentleman.
B ．They all laughed at the author for this mistake.
C ．They all showed their understanding of the author’s mistake.
D ．They would not bear a mistake like the author’s in public.
37 ．According to the last paragraph, English passengers sat in near silence because________.
A ．they were too tired to speak B ．they are short of topics to talk about
C ．they were all strangers to each other D ．privacy was a valued tradition in England
38 ．The purpose of the author is to tell us ________.
A ．his traveling experiences
B ．how to adapt ourselves to a new culture
C ．the culture shock he experienced in Italy and the US
D ．cultural differences in hospitality and politeness
39 ．What is the author’s attitude towards American’s traditions of hospitality and politeness
A ．Approving. B ．Confused. C ．Negative. D ．Disapproving.
(
【答案
】
36
．
C 37
．
D 38
．
D 39
．
A
【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章作
者通过自己在不同国家旅行的经历来告诉大家， 不同文化里人们对礼貌
的
定义是不同的。
36
．推理判断题。根据文章第三段
“
The
other
passengers
of
the
carriage
smiled
and nodded at me and made me feel
quite welcome amongst them.(
车厢里的其他乘客对我微笑点头，让我觉得在他们中间是很受欢迎的
)”
可
知，车厢里所有的人都对作者点头微笑，说明他们理解作者
的错误。故选
C
。
37
．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段
“We sat together in near sil
ence
.
Nobody
spoke
to
me
nor
,
as
I
expected
,
to anyone
else
they
did
not
know
.
They
felt
it
was
not
polite
to
disturb
someone
else
’
s
privacy
.(
我们几乎沉默地
坐
在一起。没有人跟我说话， 正如我所预料的， 也没有人跟他们不认识的人说话。他们觉得打扰别人的隐
私
是不礼貌的
)”
可知，英国乘客不跟不
认识的人说话，他们觉得打扰别人的隐私是不礼貌的。由此可推知，
隐私在英国是一项被重视的传统。故选
D
。
38
．
推理判断题。根据文章第一段
“
I
was
born
and
raised
in
England
in
a
culture
where
privacy
and
‘
keeping yourself
to
yourself
’
were
valued
traditions
.(
我在英国出生和长大，在那里，隐私和
“
独来独往
”
是被重视的传
统
)
”
和文章第二段
“
However
,
I
have
been
lucky
enough
to
spend
some
time
in
both
Italy
and
the
US
,
where
I
found
traditions
of
hospitality
and
politeness
to
be
very
different
.(
然而，
我很幸运地在意大利和美国度过了一段
时间，我发现那里的好客和礼貌传统非常不同
)”
可
推知，作者的目的是要告诉不同国家在好客和礼貌方面
的文化差异。故选
D
。
3
9
．推理判断题。根据最后一段中
“
However
,
when
I
traveled
across
the
United
States
,
whether
by
plane
or Greyhound
bus
,
I
was
never
short
of
conversation
.
Conversation
was
going
on
all around me and whoever sat next to
me
was
happy
to
introduce
themselves
and
ask
me
about
myself
,
which
was
usually
a
pleasant
way
to
kill
time
.(
然
而
，当我在美国旅行时，无论是乘飞机还是乘灰狗巴士，我从不缺少谈话。我周围的人都在交谈，
坐
在
我旁边的人都很高兴地介绍自己，问我关于我自己的事情，这通常是消磨时间的一种愉快的方式
)”
可
知
， 作者认为在美国旅行时与人谈话是消磨时间的一种愉快的方式， 所以作者对美国好客和礼貌的传统持
赞许态度。故选
A
项
。
)
