Unit 5 Humans and Nature Writing Workshop—2023-2024学年高一英语北师大版（2019）必修第二册课时分层练
【夯实基础】
知识点1 名词的用法
1.Join a small group bike tour for an evening of _____ (explore) in the heart of Washington, D. C.
2.Some people might think handwriting is not important anymore because of computers and voice _____(recognize) programs.
3.In fact, it's a common _____(say) that in New Zealand, you can get four seasons in one day!
知识点2 形容词的用法
4.Generally, the further south you go, the _____(cold) it will be.
5.No matter what you like to do, there is a way to get involved in _____ (vary) activities on Earth Day.
【提升能力】
6.这种虎原产于印度。
The tigers _____ _____ _____ India.
7.橄榄树象征和平与财富。
An olive tree is _____ _____ _____ peace and wealth.
8.我们应该减少、再利用和回收废物来保护自然。
We should _____, _____ and recycle waste to protect nature.
9.如果我们团结协作，我们就能为后辈保护自然。
If we _____ _____, we can protect nature for future generations.
10.如果说成功是一扇门，那么通向这扇门的路就是用困难铺成的。
If success is a gate, the road to this gate must _____ _____ _____ _____ difficulties.
【综合素养】
11. As we "happen to be" the best creature in the world, it's our duty to look after other species. Here are some points which might help to protect wildlife.
Join organizations like Greenpeace and World Wildlife Fund. They have devoted themselves to protecting the earth and its animals. Many volunteers join organizations like these and work for the environment. ①_________
②_________ Don't buy anything made from ivory and things like this. Baby seals are hunted for their skin, as it is used to make expensive coats. Don't buy them.
③_________ You can write a heartfelt and logical letter to the government stating your ideas about this problem and how it can be solved.
Recycle and reuse. It will reduce the need to have more raw materials to produce something. ④_________ And wild animals' home will not be destroyed.
Governments should create more secure zones and national parks for wild animals. ⑤_________ Governments should apply strict laws to stop hunting.
I hope this post is helpful. Share your views about this issue and let your voice be heard.
A. Stop hunting for pleasure.
B. Let your voice be heard.
C. As a result, fewer trees will be cut down.
D. You can build a bird house and feed local birds.
E. Refuse fur coats and medicines made from rare animals.
F. You can find some organizations like these and join them.
G. There they will be able to move freely without worrying about hunters.
12. Fish come in all kinds of shapes, sizes and colors. They first appeared in the oceans of the earth about 500 million years ago. Today there are tens of thousands of different kinds of fish and new species are discovered every year.
Where fish live
①_________ They preferably live in areas where warm and cold currents meet. And about 40% of fish species are in fresh water. Some of them live in the clear water of rivers while others prefer muddy pond water. A few types of fish can swim in both salt and fresh water.
Senses
Fish have organs that tell them what is happening in the water around them. They can see left and right at the same time. They not only can hear sounds in the water but can also sense sounds that happen on the surface. ②_________
Bodies of fish
Fish have no neck. The head and the body are combined. Most fish are shaped like cigars so that they can travel very quickly. Fish are cold-blooded. ③_________ The skin of most fish is made out of a special slippery substance. Fish breathe oxygen from the water they live in.
④_________
Fish were among the first animals hunted by primitive human beings. Millions of people all over the world depend on fish as a main form of nutrition. In many coastal countries, such as Japan or Norway, people depend on fishing to make a living. ⑤_________ They eat other sea animals and are eaten by other sea creatures, thus keeping up the balance of nature.
A.Dangers to fish
B.The importance of fish
C.Fish are a part of the food chain.
D.Most of the world's fish live in salt water.
E.Their body temperature changes with their surroundings.
F.Fish are also endangered by pollution of the world's oceans.
G.Fish can also feel water movements, thus feeling the dangers that approach them.
答案以及解析
1.答案：exploration
2.答案：recognition
3.答案：saying
4.答案：colder
5.答案：various
6.答案：were native to
7.答案：the symbol of
8.答案：reduce；reuse
9.答案：work together
10.答案：be made up of
11.答案：FEBCG
解析：①根据空前句Many volunteers join organizations like these and work for the environment.(许多志愿者加入像这样的组织,为环境工作。)可知,你可以参加一些这样的组织。故选F。
②根据下文Baby seals are hunted for their skin, as it is used to make expensive coats.(人们猎杀海豹幼崽是为了它们的皮,因为它被用来制作昂贵的大衣。)可知,要拒绝毛皮大衣和稀有动物做成的药。故选E。
③根据空后句You can write a heartfelt and logical letter to the government stating your ideas about this problem and how it can be solved.(你可以给政府写一封真诚的、合乎情理的信,陈述你对这个问题的看法以及如何解决它。)可知,要说出你的心声。故选B。
④根据空后句And wild animals' home will not be destroyed.(并且野生动物的家园不会被摧毁。)可知C项符合语境。故选C。
⑤根据空前句Governments should create more secure zones and national parks for wild animals.(政府应该为野生动物建立更多的安全区和国家公园。)可知,有了安全区,野生动物就可以自由走动,不用担心狩猎者。故选G。
12.答案：①-⑤ DGEBC
解析：①根据下文"And about 40% of fish species are in fresh water.(大约40%的鱼类生活在淡水中。)"以及本段小标题"Where fish live(鱼生活在哪里）"可知，大多数鱼是生活在咸水中的。D选项"Most of the world's fish live in salt water.(世界上大多数的鱼生活在咸水中。）"符合语境。故选D。
②根据上文"Fish have organs that tell them what is happening in the water around them.(鱼的器官告诉它们周围的水里发生了什么。）"可知，本段内容与鱼的感官有关。G选项"Fish can also feel water movements, thus feeling the dangers that approach them.(鱼也能感觉到水的运动，从而感觉到接近它们的危险。）"符合语境。故选G。
③根据上文"Fish are cold-blooded.（鱼是冷血动物。）"可知，空处与鱼的体温有关。E选项"Their body temperature changes with their surroundings.(它们的体温随着周围环境的变化而变化。）"符合语境。故选E。
④根据下文"Millions of people all over the world depend on fish as a main form of nutrition.(全世界有数百万人以鱼为主要营养来源。）"可知，本段是讲述鱼的重要性。B选项"The importance of fish(鱼的重要性）"适合作为本段小标题。故选B。
⑤根据下文"They eat other sea animals and are eaten by other sea creatures, thus keeping up the balance of nature.(它们吃其他海洋动物，也被其他海洋生物吃，从而保持了自然界的平衡。）"可知，鱼是食物链的一部分。C 选项"Fish are a part of the food chain.(鱼是食物链的一部分。）"符合语境。故选C。
2Unit 5 Humans and Nature Lesson 3 Race to the Pole—2023-2024学年高一英语北师大版（2019）必修第二册课时分层练
【夯实基础】
知识点1 名词的用法
1.They have made full ______(prepare) for the upcoming sports meeting.
2.There's tension and ______(anxious) from the beginning as Nick and Amy battle for your trust.
知识点2 形容词的用法
3.The elephant had heard the __________(distance) alarm calls of animals and her mood suddenly changed.
4.Drinking water really can keep you ________(cheer).
知识点3 副词的用法
5.________(anxious), she took the dress out of the package and tried it on, only to find it didn't fit.
【提升能力】
6.现在轮到你了。
Now ______ ______ ______.
7.机会是留给那些有准备的人的。
Chances favour ______ ______ ______.
8.他让我们在午饭期间一直笑个不停。
He ______ ______ ______ during the lunchtime.
9.这次晋升最后证明是他职业生涯的一个转折点。
The promotion ______ ______ ______ a turning point in his career.
10.令民众担心的事是能否找到阻止污染的方法。
______ ______ ______ ______ is whether ways will be found to stop pollution.
【综合素养】
11. In the past 50 years, the amount of water in the open ocean with zero oxygen has gone up more than fourfold. In coastal water bodies, including river mouths and seas, low-oxygen sites have increased more than tenfold since 1950. Scientists expect oxygen to continue dropping even outside these zones as the Earth warms.
"Oxygen is fundamental to life in the ocean," said Denise Breitburg, a marine ecologist at the Smithsonian Environmental Research Center. "The decline in ocean oxygen ranks among the most serious effects of human activities on the Earth's environment. Actually, it's a great loss to all the support services that rely on recreation and tourism, including hotels, restaurants, taxis and everything else. The reverberations (影响) of unhealthy ecosystems in the ocean can be extensive."
In areas traditionally called "dead zones", like those in Chesapeake Bay and the Gulf of Mexico, oxygen plummets(暴跌) to so low levels that many animals die. As fish avoid these zones, their habitats become smaller and they're easier to be attacked or caught. But the problem goes far beyond "dead zones". Even smaller oxygen decline can prevent growth in animals, hinder reproduction and lead to disease or even death. It also can cause the release of dangerous chemicals such as nitrous oxide, a greenhouse gas up to 300 times more powerful than carbon dioxide. While some animals can boom in "dead zones", overall biodiversity falls.
Climate change is the key criminal in the open ocean. Warming surface waters make it harder for oxygen to reach the inside of the ocean. Furthermore, as the ocean as a whole gets warmer, it holds less oxygen. In coastal waters, too much nutrient pollution from land creates algal blooms, which run out of oxygen as they die and break down.
People's livelihoods are also on the line, the scientists reported, especially in developing nations. Smaller fisheries (渔场) may be unable to relocate when low oxygen destroys their harvests or forces fish to move elsewhere. So we humans have to carry on a war now and win the war.
1.What does the first paragraph mainly talk about
A.The ocean has been losing its oxygen. B.The amount of sea water is increasing.
C.The coastal water bodies are dangerous. D.The Earth becomes warmer and warmer.
2.What can we infer from Denise Breitburg's words
A.Different oceans have different levels of oxygen.
B.The decline in ocean oxygen has great influences.
C.The future of tourism relies on the levels of ocean oxygen.
D.The decrease in ocean oxygen is the most serious environment problem.
3.How does the "dead zone" affect sea animals
A.It offers more food. B.It forms dangerous gas.
C.It reduces their living areas. D.It produces more carbon dioxide.
4.How can we win the war according to the text
A.By closing smaller fisheries. B.By controlling humans' bad activities.
C.By improving people's living standards. D.By stopping nutrients entering the ocean.
12. The well-known adventurer (冒险家) and explorer Steve Fossett, born in 1944 in America, was famous for his extraordinary efforts to set world records in flying, ballooning and sailing. He set or broke over 100 records in five different sports, many of which are still held. Many of his most extraordinary adventures were as a pilot. He once said that he did not like risks. This might sound strange considering his activities. But he said what he tried to do was to reduce risk with careful planning, technological development and the help of the best scientists and other experts. In 2007, during a short- distance flight, his plane disappeared and he died at the age of 63.
In 1903 Benjamin Spock was born in America. After he attended Yale University he joined a sports team that competed in rolling boats, which in 1924 won the gold medal at the Olympic Games in Paris. He used to work at a camp for disabled children for three summers during his years at Yale. And the experience probably led to his decision to enter Yale Medical School, and finally completing his medical degree at Columbia University in New York. From 1933 he worked as a baby doctor, trying to fit the theories (理论) about how children develop with what mothers told him about their children. During the 1950s, Dr Spock became famous. He wrote articles for magazines, appeared on TV programmes, taught at universities and gave speeches to talk to parents about their concerns (担心). Benjamin died in 1998 at 95. Yet his advice still continues to affect the lives of millions of children and their parents.
An 80-year-old Japanese mountain climber who has had four heart surgeries (手术) reached the top of Mount Qomolangma on Thursday, becoming the oldest to climb up the world's highest mountain on May 23, 2013. It was Yuichiro Miura. As a famous adventurer, he skied down Mount Qomolangma from the South Col in 1970, a deed that became the subject of a documentary. He has since skied down the highest mountains on each of the seven continents, following
the tradition of his late father, who skied down Europe's Mont Blanc at 99. "If you wish strongly and have courage and endurance, then you can get to the summit (顶峰) of your dream," Miura said.
1.What can be inferred from Steve Fossett's story
A.No amount of planning can prevent the possibility of risk in life.
B.Careful planning and high technology can help reduce risk to zero.
C.The scientists and other experts contribute to Steve Fossett's death.
D.The risk in short-distance flights can hardly be avoided completely.
2.What is the main achievement of Benjamin Spock according to the author
A.His courage to challenge medical field.
B.His contribution to children and their parents.
C.His active social activities to help the poor family.
D.His winning the Olympic gold medal in rolling boats.
3.What can we learn from Yuichiro Miura's experience
A.Luck and misfortune come in turn.
B.It is never too late to learn.
C.He who makes no mistakes makes nothing.
D.Nothing is impossible for a willing heart.
4.Which of the following can best describe the common personality of the three people
A. Honest. B. Dangerous.
C. Strong-willed. D. Stressed.
答案以及解析
1.答案：preparations
2.答案：anxiety
3.答案：distant
解析： 考查形容词。句意：大象听到了远处动物的告警声，它的心情突然变了。根据句意可知此处用形容词修饰alarm calls。故填distant。
4.答案：cheerful
解析：考查形容词。句意：喝水真的能让你保持愉快。分析句子可知此处包含" keep sb.+adj."结构，故用形容词作补语。故填cheerful。
5.答案：Anxiously
解析： 考查副词。句意：她焦急地从包裹里拿出那件衣服试穿，却发现它不合身。根据句意可知此处用副词作状语。故填Anxiously。
6.答案：comes your turn
7.答案：those prepared mind
8.答案：had us laughing
9.答案：proved to be
10.答案：What worries the public
11.答案：1-4.ABCB
解析：本文是一篇说明文。由于人类活动的影响导致全球变暖,气候变化影响到了海洋生物的生存,又反作用于人类的生计,人类必须采取措施应对此问题。
1.主旨大意题。通过第一段我们知道了海洋面临的现状:在过去的50年里,海洋中零氧水域的水量增加了四倍多。低氧场所自1950年以来增加了十多倍。通过这些现状,科学家预计,随着地球变暖,即使在这些区域之外,氧气也会继续下降。由此可知海洋正在失去氧气。故选A。
2.推理判断题。根据第二段Denise Breitburg说的Oxygen is fundamental to life in the ocean和The decline in ocean oxygen ranks among the most serious effects of human activities on the Earth's environment... The reverberations(影响) of unhealthy ecosystems in the ocean can be extensive.可知,海洋氧气的减少是人类活动对地球环境最严重的影响之一,这种不健康的海洋生态系统的影响还会扩大。由此可见海洋氧气的减少有很大影响。故选B。
3.细节理解题。根据第三段中的In areas traditionally called "dead zones"... oxygen plummets(暴跌) to so low levels that many animals die. As fish avoid these zones, their habitats become smaller and they're easier to be attacked or caught.可知,"死亡地带"的氧气大幅下跌,导致许多动物死去。当鱼类避开这些区域时,它们的栖息地变小,使它们更容易被攻击或捕获。故选C。
4.推理判断题。根据第二段中的The decline in ocean oxygen ranks among the most serious effects...taxis and everything else.可知,是人类活动造成了海洋氧气减少,所以要解决此问题必须控制人类的有害活动。故选B。
12.答案：1-4 ABDC
解析：1.推理判断题。根据第一段对冒险家史蒂夫·福塞特的描述可知，他是一个喜欢通过精心计划来降低做事风险的人，可是最后他却在一次短途飞行中意外身亡。由此可推知，再多的计划也无法杜绝生活中危险的可能性。故选A。
2.细节理解题。根据第二段对本杰明·斯波克的描述及最后一句Yet his advice still continues to affect the lives of millions of children and their parents.可知，他是一位儿科医生，即使在他去世后，他的建议仍在影响着千千万万的孩子以及他们的父母。故选B。
3.推理判断题。根据第三段对三浦雄一郎的描述及其最后一句中的If you wish strongly and have courage and endurance, then you can get to the summit of your dream可知，他的经历告诉我们"有志者事竟成"。故选D。
4.推理判断题。根据全文讲述的三个故事可以看出，这三个人物有一个共同的特征：意志坚定，为自己喜欢的事坚持到生命的最后一刻。strong-willed 意为"意志坚定的"。故选C。
2Unit 5 Humans and Nature Lesson 2 Professional Rescue Team—2023-2024学年高一英语北师大版（2019）必修第二册课时分层练
【夯实基础】
知识点1 名词的用法
1._____(interrupt) are one of the worst things to deal with while you're trying to get work done.
2.Such a diet is widely believed to offer _____(protect) against a number of cancers.
3.The _____(lose) of her phone caused her much inconvenience.
知识点2 形容词的用法
4.Her son is _____ (ambition) to become a great inventor.
知识点3 副词的用法
5.Students are waiting _____ (anxious) for the result of the final exam.
【提升能力】
6.这是一场时间战。
It is _____ _____ _____ _____.
7.这些人仍然活着。
These people _____ _____ _____.
8.我们无法想象他们承受了多大的压力。
We can't imagine _____ _____ _____ they _____ _____.
9.总之，尽最大努力减少痛苦和牺牲是他们的职责。
In a word, _____ _____ _____ _____ try their best to reduce suffering and the loss of life.
10.在救援尝试中，他们的首要和最重要的目标就是拯救生命。
In the rescue attempts, their _____ _____ _____ _____ goal is _____ _____ _____.
【综合素养】
11. China has made great improvements in environmental protection during the past 70 years. ①________ Each species (物种) on Earth has a role to play in the ecosystem.
In recent decades, a series of wildlife-protection movements have been carried out by the central government. ②________ The giant panda and the crested ibis are among these success stories.
The giant panda used to have a population of 1,114 in the 1970s. It now totals 1,864 thanks to 52 protection areas. ③________ By the end of last year, seven of the nine pandas released had survived in the wild. ④________ In 1981, only seven crested ibises were found in Yang County, Shaanxi Province. Since then, breeding programs have helped the population reach 2,000. China has even sent crested ibises to Japan and South Korea in recent years to help with the species' survival.
⑤________ Key projects will be continually carried out to improve protection, including making the lists of wild animals and plants under state protection, and fighting against illegal wildlife trade.
A. As environmental damage has increased, signs of change have appeared around the world.
B. Another species was once thought to be extinct.
C. Scientists have worked to feed pandas and then release them into the wild.
D. People call for immediate protection of the remaining species.
E. The protection of several species in danger of extinction has made impressive progress thanks to the methods.
F. China will continue its efforts of the wildlife protection.
G. Protecting wildlife is, without doubt, an important part.
12. Earthquake rescue robots experienced their final tests in Beijing. Their designers said with these robots, rescuers would be able to buy more time to save lives during an earthquake.
This kind of robot looking like a helicopter is a flying robot. It's about 3 metres long, and it took about 4 years to develop the model. Its main functions (作用) are to collect information from the air, and send goods of up to 30 kilos to people trapped by an earthquake. It has a high-definition 360-degree panoramic (全景的) camera. It can work day and night and is also able to send the latest pictures from the quake area.
Dr Qi Junlong, a researcher at Chinese Academy of Sciences, said, "The most important feature of this flying robot is that it doesn't need a distant control. We just set the destination information on it, and then it takes off, and lands by itself. It flies as high as 3,000 metres, and as fast as 100 kilometres per hour."
This robot has a different function—it can change as the environment changes. Its main job is to search for any signs of life in places where human rescuers are unable to go. As well as a detector (探测器) that finds victims and detects poisonous gases, a camera is placed in the 3-metre-long robot, which can work in the dark. Another use for the rescuers is the supply bot. With its 10-metre-long pipe, people who are trapped in the ruins will be able to get supplies including oxygen and liquids.
Experts have said that the robots would enter production and serve as part of the national earthquake rescue team as soon as possible.
1. What does Dr Qi Juntong think makes this robot mainly different from the others
A.It has more functions.
B.It has a unique shape.
C.It has more advanced cameras.
D.It can work by itself once given the information.
2.What does the underlined word "which" in paragraph 4 refer to
A. A camera. B. A detector. C. A rescuer. D. A supply.
3.What can we learn about this robot from the text
A.It is carried by the helicopter.
B.It weighs about 30 kilos.
C.It is a machine with a length of 10 metres.
D.It hasn't been put into production so far.
4.What is the text mainly about
A.What the robot looks like.
B.An introduction to a robot.
C.How the robot is made.
D.Information about earthquakes.
答案以及解析
1.答案：Interruptions
2.答案：protection
3.答案：loss
4.答案：ambitious
5.答案：anxiously
6.答案：a battle against time
7.答案：are still alive
8.答案：how much pressure；are under
9.答案：it's their duty to
10.答案：first and most important；to save lives
11.答案：GECBF
解析：本文是一篇说明文,主要介绍了中国在野生动物保护方面付出的努力和取得的进步。
①根据前文"China has made great improvements in environmental protection during the past 70 years."可知,在过去的70年里,中国在环境保护方面取得了很大的进步。再根据后文"Each species(物种) on Earth has a role to play in the ecosystem."可知,地球上的每一个物种都在生态系统中扮演着重要的角色。由此可知,G项"保护野生动物无疑是一个重要的环节。"承上启下,符合语境。故选G。
②根据前文" In recent decades, a series of wildlife- protection movements have been carried out by the central government. 可知,近几十年来,中央政府开展了一系列的野生动物保护运动。由此可知,E项"一些濒临灭绝的物种的保护由于采取了这些措施而取得了令人瞩目的进展。"概括了上文提到的运动的成就,并引出下文的"The giant panda and the crested ibis"的例子。故选E。
③根据后文" By the end of last year, seven of the nine pandas released had survived in the wild."可知,到去年年底,放归的9只大熊猫中有7只在野外存活了下来。由此可知,C项"科学家们一直致力于喂养大熊猫,然后将它们放归野外。"符合语境。故选C。
④根据后文可知,1981年,在陕西省的洋县,只发现七只朱鹮。而近年来,中国甚至将朱鹮送往日本和韩国,以帮助该物种的生存。由此可知,B项"另一个物种曾经被认为已经灭绝。"引出下文,符合语境。故选B。
⑤根据后文提到继续实施重点保护工程,包括制定国家保护野生动植物名录和打击非法野生动物贸易可知,F项"中国将继续加强野生生物保护。"符合语境。故选F。
12.答案：1-4 DADB
解析：1.细节理解题。根据第三段中的The most important feature of this flying robot is that it doesn't need a distant control. We just set the destination information on it, and then it takes off, and lands by itself.可知，这个机器人不需要远程控制，一旦给它输入信息它就可以自己行动，这是与其他机器人不一样的地方。故选D。
2.词义猜测题。根据第四段中的As well as a detector that finds victims and detects poisonous gases, a camera is placed in the 3-metre-long robot, which can work in the dark.可知，除了能发现受害者和检测有毒气体以外，这种3米长的机器人还装有一台相机，它可以在黑暗中工作。所以which指代的是a camera。故选A。
3.细节理解题。根据最后一段Experts have said that the robots would enter production...as soon as possible.可知这款机器人会尽快投入生产和应用。故选D。
4.主旨大意题。本文是一篇说明文，介绍了一款即将投入生产的用于地震救灾的机器人。故选B。
2Unit 5 Humans and Nature Topic Talk & Lesson 1 A Sea Story—2023-2024学年高一英语北师大版（2019）必修第二册课时分层练
【夯实基础】
知识点1 名词的用法
1.It is said that the thief is being kept under ______(observe).
2.The ______(fisherman) were my old friends, but they were unable to recognize me.
3.For a sudden heart failure, the single best chance for _____(survive) is having someone nearby step in and do CPR quickly.
知识点2 形容词的用法
4.I'm ______（shock）at his determined attitude towards this matter.
知识点3 副词的用法
5.As a teacher, you should treat all the students ______(equal).
【提升能力】
6.面对困难，我们永远都不应放弃。
We should never give up ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ .
7.人们挤进剧院里，里面挤满了观众。
The crowd ______ ______ the theatre which ______ ______ ______ audience.
8.那天只花了6个小时就使得我身心俱疲。
That was the day ______ ______ ______ only six hours ______ ______ my body and soul.
9.昨天， 一些可怕的事情发生在我身上。
Yesterday, ______ ______ ______ ______ me.
10.非常幸运，他设法从快速上涨的洪水中逃脱了。
With the greatest of luck he ______ ______ ______ ______ the rising flood waters.
【综合素养】
11.Living with an animal is like living with a human friend. Here are some suggestions for a pet owner.
Be calm. Try to always be calm when dealing with your pets, whatever they've done. If you're upset at them, take a moment to calm yourself down first. ①_____ Also make your movements gentle and slow.
Be the boss. ②_____ Set aside time to practice these rules with your pet each day. If your pet breaks a rule, use body language to let them know it is not okay.
③_____ Just be in the same room with them. Let them be near you while you make dinner, watch TV or read a book. The more you're around one another, the better chances you have of becoming friends.
Never use violent actions or language. If your pet does something you disagree with, don't physically hurt them or scream at them. ④_____ However, what you really want is not their fear but love.
See the world through your pet's eyes. Be empathetic(设身处地的) when dealing with your pet. You don't know what's going on in its mind. So it's best to try to read its body language and imagine what it must be going through. ⑤_____
A. Be patient.
B. Set rules and stick to them.
C. Stay with your pets often.
D. Hurting them will make them fear.
E. In these ways you can treat it as well as possible.
F. Taking a deep breath is a useful way to keep calm.
G. Body language is different depending on the animals.
12.The Amazon Rainforest: A Natural Treasure
Welcome to the Amazon rainforest. As the largest rainforest in the world, it plays a significant role in maintaining the fine balance of the Earth's ecosystem.
The Amazon rainforest crosses into eight countries. With an area of 5.5 million square kilometers, the Amazon rainforest is more than half the size of China. The Amazon River, from which the rainforest gets its name, is about 6,400 kilometers in length. On its journey from the mountains to the ocean, the river supports many different ecosystems. ①_____
The forest's different levels support an unbelievable variety of wildlife. At the bottom, there is a system of roots beneath the ground. Above that is the mass of leaf litter on the dark forest floor. ②_____ Then there are the towering ancient hardwoods, and finally the tops of the tallest trees many metres above the ground. Each level of the forest forms its own little world, and is home to different kinds of living things.
More than 1,300 species of birds and over 400 species of mammals hide among the jungle's plant life. The jaguar(美洲豹) is one example. It has yellowish-brown coat with black spots. While a significant number of jaguars survive here, they are only one element of this forest's food chain. ③_____ These frogs, in turn, feed on insects which eat leaves and fruit. When a jaguar dies, a tiny army of microorganisms helps break down its body and return the nutrients to the earth.
The Amazon rainforest breathes life into the planet by absorbing carbon dioxide and producing over 20 percent of all the Earth's oxygen. ④_____ Moreover, the Amazon rainforest is a treasure house of species that can be used for food or medicine. Yet there is one major danger to these irreplaceable plants and animals: us.
⑤_____ As the impact of human activities such as agriculture and cattle fanning continues to grow and the list of species in danger of extinction becomes longer, we are left with a question: can we afford to damage the "lungs of the planet"
A.They feed on many species, including frogs.
B.Thus, it's often known as the "lungs of the planet".
C.Rivers tend to be the easiest way to enter the forest.
D.The next level is made up of shorter plants with large leaves.
E.They give this area the richest species of plants and animals on the Earth.
F.Currently the trees in the Amazon rainforest absorb around 500 billion tonnes of carbon dioxide each year.
G.Over the past 50 years, 17 percent of the rainforest has disappeared due to human activities.
答案以及解析
1.答案：observation
2.答案：fishermen
3.答案：survival
解析：句意为：当心脏病突发时，唯一最佳的存活机会就是有人在旁迅速对你实施心肺复苏。设空处作介词for的宾语，需要填名词。故填survival。
4.答案：shocked
5.答案：equally
6.答案：in the face of difficulties
7.答案：crowded into; was crowded with
8.答案：when it took; to break
9.答案：something terrible happened to
10.答案：managed to escape from
11.答案：①-⑤ FBCDE
解析：①根据上文"Be calm. Try to always be calm when dealing with your pets, whatever they've done. If you're upset at them, take a moment to calm yourself down first.(保持冷静。不管你的宠物做了什么，都要尽力保持冷静。如果你对它们感到不安，先花点时间让自己冷静下来。）"可知，本段主要说明了要冷静，F选项中的"keep calm"对应上文中的"calm yourself down"。故F选项"深呼吸是保持冷静的有效方法。"符合语境。故选F。
②根据下文"Set aside time to practice these rules with your pet each day. If your pet breaks a rule, use body language to let them know it is not okay.(每天抽出时间和你的宠物一起练习这些规则。如果你的宠物违反了规则，用肢体语言让它们知道这是不对的。)"可知，下文提到了和宠物练习规则，B选项中的rules对应下文中的"these rules"。故B选项"制定规则并坚持执行。"符合语境。故选B。
③根据下文"Just be in the same room with them. Let them be near you while you make dinner, watch TV or read a book. The more you're around one another, the better chances you have of becoming friends.(和它们待在一个房间里就行了。当你做饭、看电视或读书时，让它们在你身边。你们在一起的时间越长，就越有可能成为朋友。）"可知，下文提到了和宠物待在一个房间里，即经常和宠物在一起，故C选项"经常和你的宠物待在一起。"符合语境。故选C。
④根据上文"Never use violent actions or language. If your pet does something you disagree with, don't physically hurt them or scream at them.(不要使用暴力行为或语言。如果你的宠物做了一些你不同意的事情，不要对它们进行身体上的伤害或对它们吼叫。)"以及下文"However, what you really want is not their fear but love.(然而，你真正想要的不是它们的恐惧，而是爱。)"可知，上文提到不要使用暴力行为或语言，下文则提到了宠物的恐惧，由此可知伤害宠物会让宠物恐惧。故D选项"伤害它们将会使它们害怕。"符合语境。故选D。
⑤根据上文"See the world through your pet's eyes. Be empathetic when dealing with your pet. You don't know what's going on in its mind. So it's best to try to read its body language and imagine what it must be going through.(通过你的宠物的眼睛看世界。和宠物相处时要有同理心。你不知道它在想什么。所以最好试着读懂它的肢体语言，想象它正在经历什么。）"可知，本段为文章最后一段，结合上文介绍了与宠物相处的方法，可知本段再次呼应主题，指出通过这些方法来好好地对待宠物。故E选项"通过这些方法，你可以尽可能好地对待它。"符合语境。故选E。
12.答案：①-⑤ EDABG
解析：①过渡句。由上句On its journey from the mountains to the ocean, the river supports many different ecosystems.以及下文具体介绍亚马逊雨林的各种动植物可知, 设空处起到承上启下的过渡作用。E项(它们给这个地区带来了地球上最丰富的动植物物种。)符合语境。故选E。
②细节句。根据空前Above that is the mass of leaf litter on the dark forest floor.及空后Then there are the towering ancient hardwoods, and finally the tops of the tallest trees many metres above the ground.可知, 设空处应是起到衔接作用, 从下至上介绍亚马逊雨林每一层的生物形式。故选D。
③细节句。根据空后These frogs, in turn, feed on insects which eat leaves and fruit.中的These frogs可知, frogs应在上文出现过。但文中没有, 则必然在此空中。故选A。
④细节句。根据空前一句(亚马逊雨林通过吸收二氧化碳, 产生全球超过20%的氧气, 给地球带来生机。)可知, 设空处是对前一句的补充说明。B项(因此, 它经常被称作"地球之肺"。)符合语境, 且承接上句。故选B。
⑤过渡句。上一段最后一句指出亚马逊雨林面临我们人类所带来的威胁, 此空后进一步说明人类对亚马逊雨林的威胁所带来的后果, G项(在过去的50年里, 17%的雨林由于人类活动而消失。)衔接上下文。故选G。
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