金陵中学高二上期初考试
第二部分阅读(共两节,满分50分)
第一节(共15小题:每小题2. 5分，满分37. 5分)
A
Risks at Your Table
Some of the “everyday foods” we eat hide some unhealthy features, which most people ignore. We take a look at some of the health risks being served to you!
Energy Drinks
You’re tired and you still have to face a physical or mental stress, so what a better friend than an energy drink to overcome the effort However, most energy drinks contain chemicals that are harmful if taken in quantities, with effects that are similar to the ones from several other illegal drugs, smoking and alcohol consumption.
White Bread
White bread is poorer in fiber and protein than other bread alternatives. Fiber helps our body to understand when it has eaten enough. The sense of fullness is important if we don’t want an extra-consumption of calories.
Breakfast Cereals
Breakfast cereals(麦片) fill out lots of shelves in every supermarket you get inside. They’re one of the favorite foods for our first meal of the day, because they’re simply delicious. What many people are not aware of is that these products are loaded with GM(转基因) organisms which affect our immune system. If you really can’t separate yourselves from breakfast cereals, maybe you could start considering some organic breakfast cereal alternatives.
Fat-Free Foods
Fat-free foods may look like the gold mine for a perfectly balanced and satisfying diet, but the reality is widely different. Fats are essential for many body functions and for its healthy development. A fat-cut is not advisable, especially when your workouts are regular. Plus, fat-free foods are usually high in processed sugar.
1. Which is particularly improper for a man going to the gym regularly
A. Energy drinks. B. White bread.
C. Breakfast cereals. D. Fat-free foods.
2. What do the four foods have in common
A. They are delicious and healthy. B. They contain harmful chemicals.
C. They hide some harmful features. D. They lack some essential nutrients.
3. In which section of a website can you probably find this passage
A. Health. B. Education. C. Economy. D. Science.
B
Speaking to The Guardian at the Third International Conference on Human genetic editing, Prof Jennifer Doudna, a 2020 Nobel chemistry prize winner, said, “We’ll definitely be seeing genetic therapies (治疗；疗法) for heart diseases, brain diseases, and eye conditions.” But she warned, “One of the riskiest and most realistic potentials is that trials of gene editing in embryos (胚胎) will probably follow.”
The technology can and will smooth the way for therapies for enhancing healthy humans, to make them faster, smarter, stronger, or more resistant to diseases, though enhancement would be more difficult than mending single faulty genes. According to the experts at the conference, including geneticists, public health researchers and philosophers, a wave of gene editing therapies were expected to reach clinics in the next five years or so. The therapies will correct disease-causing disorders in tissues and organs and become mature as researchers work out how to make multiple edits at once and reach difficult areas such as parts of the brain.
However, Doudna and the other experts also expressed their concern that the next generation of advanced genetic therapies raises serious issues that must be tackled to ensure the technology benefits patients and society. Prof Fran oise Baylis, a philosopher at Dalhousie University in Canada, was worried that in addition to the sure sign of genetic enhancement coming, the cost of the new therapies would be too high for much of the global population. Prof Mayana Zatz, at the University of S o Paulo, Brazil, said she was against editing genes for improvement but added, “There will always be people ready to pay for it in private clinics and it will be difficult to stop.”
One conclusion almost all experts shared was that while all these potential problems and risks did exist, a future full of promise would definitely be witnessed. After all, it is not technology itself but ways in which people employ it that decide the result.
4. Which is not considered as beneficial by Prof Jennifer Doudna
A. Gene editing for diseases in brain.
B. Gene editing for diseases in eyes.
C. Gene editing for diseases in heart.
D. Gene editing for diseases in embryos.
5. What can we infer in paragraph 2
A. Genetic therapies are more difficult than mending.
B. Society will benefit from genetic therapies entirely.
C. Genetic therapies have already reached some clinics.
D. All disorders can’t be corrected by genetic therapies.
6. What did Prof Fran oise Baylis and Prof Mayana Zatz agree on
A. The cost of the new therapies would be too high.
B. Editing genes for improvement is promising.
C. Editing genes for improvement is unavoidable.
D. Editing genes for improvement should carry on.
7. What is the attitude of most experts towards genetic therapies in the text
A. Opposed. B. Objective. C. Supportive. D. Unconcerned.
C
Time and how we experience it have always puzzled us. Physicists have created fascinating theories, but their time is measured by a pendulum (钟摆) and is not psychological time, which leaps with little regard to the clock or calendar. As someone who understood the distinction observed, “When you sit with a nice girl for two hours it seems like a minute, but when you sit on a hot stove, a minute seems like two hours.”
Psychologists have long noticed that larger units of time, such as months and years, fly on swifter wings as we age. They also note that the more time is structured with schedules and appointments, the more rapidly it seems to pass. For example, a day at the office flies compared with a day at the beach.
Expectation and familiarity also make time seem to flow more rapidly. Almost all of us have had the experience of driving somewhere we’ve never been before. Surrounded by unfamiliar scenery, with no real idea of when we’ll arrive, we experience the trip as if lasting a long time. But the return trip, although exactly as long, seems to take far less time. The novelty of the outward journey has become routine.
When days become as identical as beads (小珠子)on a string, they mix together, and even months become a single day. To counter this, try to find ways to interrupt the structure of your day-to stop time, so to speak.
Learning something new is one of the ways to slow the passage of time. One of the reasons the days of our youth seems so full and long is that these are the days of learning and discovery. For many of us learning ends when we leave school, but this doesn’t have to be.
8. What is the underlined sentence in Paragraph 1 is used to show
A. Physical theory has nothing to do with the true sense of time.
B. Physical time is different from psychological time.
C. Time should not be measured by a pendulum.
D. Psychological time is quite puzzling.
9. Which of the following will make you feel time flies faster
A. A day spent exploring something unknown.
B. Staying with a person who you dislike.
C. A day packed with appointments to handle.
D. Driving to a new place for the first time.
10. What does “novelty” in Paragraph 3 probably means
A. Amusement.
B. Excitement.
C. Imagination.
D. Unfamiliarity.
11. What is the purpose of the passage
A. To explain why time flies and how to slow it down psychologically.
B. To describe how we experience time psychologically.
C. To show the different ideas of physicists and psychologists on time.
D. To give various explanations about time.
D
Music streaming platforms (平台) such as Spotify and Apple Music have completely changed how people listen to music nowadays. By paying very affordable prices, people can access music very easily. However, while these platforms may provide benefits for some artists, up-and-coming artists are being left behind because they only focus on big names and creating profits.
Because of COVID-19, musicians have not been able to tour or perform live in many countries, which contributes to a large part of their income. In a YouTube interview, up-and-coming Texas artist Mobey mentioned that “The majority of my income comes from playing live shows. Usually that means around 50% — 70% of what we expect to make in a year”. With these factors, small artists are finding it increasingly difficult to make it in the industry due to the lack of investment (投资) into new talent.
Small artists on Spotify and Apple Music can expect to make little to nothing. An artist on Spotify can expect to earn an average of $0.003 per stream or around $3 per 1,000 streams for one of their songs. On Apple Music, artists can expect to make a little more with an average of $0.01 per stream, or around $10 with 1,000 streams. Even if they could hit around 1,000 streams, they have to pay music distribution (分发) platforms needed for their music to be shown on the streaming platforms such as DistroKid, whose cheapest plan is $20.
A new artist would find it very difficult to promote their music outside of their social media accounts which may not even have a large amount of followers. They probably cannot get large amounts of streams on their music since it is not being promoted due to the lack of exposure (宣传) they have on social media.
With the takeover of music streaming platforms, many artists are finding it increasingly difficult to make a sustainable (可持续) living from their love for music. A simple way these platforms can enable new artists to keep making music is to increase their payouts per stream for their music. Hopefully the music streaming industry will make similar changes to improve the situation of their artists.
12. What is the problem with music streaming platforms
A. They ignore small artists. B. They are not user-friendly.
C They are very difficult to manage. D. They limit the number of small artists’ songs.
13. What do artist Mobey’s words center on
A. His lack of investment. B. His total income in a year.
C. The main source of his income. D. The reason for his fewer live shows.
14. What do the figures in paragraph 3 show
A. How a music streaming platform works.
B. Small artists’ hope for music streaming platforms.
C. Small artists’ dislike for music streaming platforms.
D. Why small artists earn little on music streaming platforms.
15. What is the best title for the text
A. Music streaming platforms: Do they really put profits first
B. Music streaming platforms: Are they a chance or challenge to artists
C. Music streaming platforms: Have they harmed the industry for artists
D. Music streaming platforms: Could they offer music lovers better services
第二节(共5小题;每小题2. 5分，满分12. 5分)
Have you ever had someone tell you "If you eat before bed, you are more likely to get fat!" ___16___This belief originated when researchers found the relation between individuals snacking late at night and having a BMI that categorizes them as obese(肥胖的）。
Is eating late at night, especially after 8 pm, really going to make you gain weight One theory is that your metabolism(新陈代谢） slows down when you are asleep.___17___ Thus the calories you eat right before bed would not be burned off as much as they would be while you're awake. Although the science seems pretty sound, recent studies have shown that metabolism changes very little, if at all, while you are asleep. ___18___ The heart is still beating, lungs are still working, and the brain is still very active. All of these actions take energy, meaning while we are asleep, we are still burning calories.
___19___As we know one physiological effect of insulin(胰岛素）is storing fat. Food being consumed late at night will more likely be stored away due to the higher levels of insulin present in the blood system. However, insulin levels at night are shown to be no different than insulin levels during mid-day. If it is true that eating with high insulin levels causes you to gain weight, anyone eating anytime after the morning will become fat.
So how come individuals have higher BMI s when they snack at night It is simply a result of eating too many calories. Snacks that individuals tend to eat during the night are usually high in sugar and calories, such as ice cream, candy, potato chips and soft drinks. Put simply, if you eat more calories than you burn,regardless of the time of the day, you will gain weight. ___20___
A. With a slow metabolism, few calories are being burned.
B. While asleep, your body still functions in many ways.
C. All living matter undergoes a process of metabolism.
D. The time these snacks are consumed does not matter.
E. Without ever questioning it, people quickly assume this to be true.
F. Besides, insulin levels are dramatically lower in the morning than at night.
G. Another theory is that late-night snacking leads to rising insulin levels.
第三部分 语言运用
第一节 完形填空
The stage lights dimmed (变昏暗) and I took a quick look from behind the heavy black curtains into the audience. Blinded by the lights, I quickly ___21___. It seems that a great number of eyes were looking at me. I took a deep ___22___ as the music of my dance began to play. I entered the stage and began my ___23___, the graduation test of the classical Indian dance.
After a decade of learning, I was finally ready to take on the most difficult act. The test is the most important ___24___ in a dancer’s life as it pays respect to all the factors in one’s life that ___25___ the dance form: one’s culture and family.
The performance is undertaken only by the most ___26___ and determined students. It is a difficult process that requires much ___27___. For more than six months, I spent two to three hours every day ___28___ these dances. Many times, I ___29___ myself to my physical and mental breaking point, but still I would not stop. I could not give up. There was always so much more to do and so much more to ____30____
I discovered a lot about myself in those tiring hours. I learned that I was far too stubborn to give up, and I was too proud to prove myself wrong after I had set an unrealistic goal. Even with physical pain and mental stress, I forced myself to meet my ____31____. Even when I was at the end of my limit, there was always something ____32____ me on, forcing me not to give up.
Fortunately, I made it. What I had done ____33____ the success. It was in those hours that I learned what a dancer ____34____ is. Those time was evidence that I could achieve something I ____35____ out to do.
21. A. pulled back B. set off C. reached out D. broke away
22. A. sleep B. thought C. breath D. sorrow
23. A. career B. understanding C. response D. performance
24. A. routine B. lesson C. accident D. event
25. A. develop B. purchase C. introduce D. promote
26. A. focused B. beautiful C. intelligent D. considerate
27. A. talent B. strength C. devotion D. cooperation
28. A. recording B. practicing C. discussing D. designing
29. A. applied B. addicted C. treated D. pushed
30. A. forget B. design C. learn D. research
31. A. explanation B. expectation C. expense D. impression
32. A. driving B. competing C. benefiting D. representing
33. A. increased B. deserved C. expanded D. exposed
34. A. completely B. mainly C. truly D. distantly
35. A. put B. carry C. turn D. set
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The city of Zibo has never seen so many visitors.
As the sun begins to set, the aroma of sizzling meat falls the air and draws in more ____36____ (hunger) customers. On each street, queues stretch outside restaurants for more than a hundred meters. Some restaurants even run out of key ingredients as early as 7p.m. ____37____ the night. All hotels are also operating at full capacity.
The city was barely known by outsiders ____38____ it went viral on Chinese social media platforms recently. Most visitors are young people, who share their experience of traveling to Zibo to experience the city’s barbecue culture on social platforms, ____39____ (attract) even more visitors.
Zibo- style barbecue’s classic three-piece set contains roast lamb, green onions, and nan bread, which, ____40____ (combine), make a mouth-watering combo (组合). The fame of Zibo barbecue used to be limited to just Shandong Province. ____41____ (previous), barbecue in Northeast China was much more popular across the country.
Behind Zibo’s sudden fame ____42____ (be) the efforts and services of the local government, as well as a good reputation of local businesses, ____43____ receive favorable reviews from visitors who share their experiences online.
To promote Zibo-style barbecue, Zibo has launched two dozen “special barbecue trains,” where local tourism officials would serve tourists ____44____ (they). At the city’s train station, shuttle buses transport tourists to various barbecue stalls directly. Netizens joke that the high-speed trains _____45_____ (pack) with visiting tourists and that the air onboard is filled with cumin.
第三节 词汇检测(共 20 小题;每小题0.5分，满分10分)
I. 词汇考查范围：B4U1
46. Body language, especially gestures, v__________ among cultures.(根据首字母单词拼写)
47. I began reading eagerly and g__________, impatient to satisfy my hunger for books. (根据首字母单词拼写)
48. As a new spokesman, he often thinks of how he can respond more a__________ on such occasions. (根据首字母单词拼写)
49. The completion of this project will s_________ the economy of this region if not the whole of China. (根据首字母单词拼写)
50. New ideas need to be g________ for the bright future of our company. （根据首字母单词拼写）
51. Bear always in mind the __________ (bitter) of the old society.(所给词的适当形式填空)
52. There are so many __________ (adore) animals out there, but they all need a home. (所给词的适当形式填空)
53. My father is fairly responsible, repeatedly placing great __________ (强调，重视)(pl/复数形式) on teamwork, mutual trust and respect, and the importance of family life and ties.(根据汉语提示单词拼写)
54. The earthquake caused damage to property __________ (估计) at $6 million. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
55. It may take a long time for some people to __________ (消化，吸收，理解) new idea. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
II. 词汇考查范围：高一暑假词汇练习与测试卷一、二
56. What’s considered typical or proper social conduct in one country may be regarded as o__________ or improper in another.(根据首字母单词拼写)
57. As far as I know, he __________ (survive) on a small bottle of water in the desert before he was found.(所给词的适当形式填空)
58. The greedy merchants sought to make maximum profits by killing antelopes (羚羊) and selling their fur in the 1990s, and as a c__________, the number of antelopes declined sharply. (根据首字母单词拼写)
59. Wandering along the beach, she could smell the salty air, hear the crashing waves and feel the pull of the sand b__________ her feet. (根据首字母单词拼写)
60. Earthquakes are among the most __________ (destroy) natural disasters that can strike without warning. (所给词的适当形式填空)
61. Originally, they __________ (intend) to drive to the countryside for a holiday, but this was postponed because of traffic jams along the way. (所给词的适当形式填空)
62. In the professor’s introduction, he made it clear that our c__________ would be hard-earned and we should apply ourselves to the lesson. (根据首字母单词拼写)
63. The school drew up some __________ (指导方针) on how to use social media websites properly for students. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
64. Don’t respond to any e-mails ________ (request) personal information, no matter how official they look. （所给词的适当形式填空）
65. A recent survey __________ (indicate) that there is no direct link between the amount of money and the quality of life. (所给词的适当形式填空)金陵中学高二上期初考试
第二部分阅读(共两节,满分50分)
第一节(共15小题:每小题2. 5分，满分37. 5分)
A
Risks at Your Table
Some of the “everyday foods” we eat hide some unhealthy features, which most people ignore. We take a look at some of the health risks being served to you!
Energy Drinks
You’re tired and you still have to face a physical or mental stress, so what a better friend than an energy drink to overcome the effort However, most energy drinks contain chemicals that are harmful if taken in quantities, with effects that are similar to the ones from several other illegal drugs, smoking and alcohol consumption.
White Bread
White bread is poorer in fiber and protein than other bread alternatives. Fiber helps our body to understand when it has eaten enough. The sense of fullness is important if we don’t want an extra-consumption of calories.
Breakfast Cereals
Breakfast cereals(麦片) fill out lots of shelves in every supermarket you get inside. They’re one of the favorite foods for our first meal of the day, because they’re simply delicious. What many people are not aware of is that these products are loaded with GM(转基因) organisms which affect our immune system. If you really can’t separate yourselves from breakfast cereals, maybe you could start considering some organic breakfast cereal alternatives.
Fat-Free Foods
Fat-free foods may look like the gold mine for a perfectly balanced and satisfying diet, but the reality is widely different. Fats are essential for many body functions and for its healthy development. A fat-cut is not advisable, especially when your workouts are regular. Plus, fat-free foods are usually high in processed sugar.
1. Which is particularly improper for a man going to the gym regularly
A. Energy drinks. B. White bread.
C. Breakfast cereals. D. Fat-free foods.
2. What do the four foods have in common
A. They are delicious and healthy. B. They contain harmful chemicals.
C. They hide some harmful features. D. They lack some essential nutrients.
3. In which section of a website can you probably find this passage
A. Health. B. Education. C. Economy. D. Science.
【答案】1. D 2. C 3. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍的是餐桌上的几种有健康风险的食物。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据Fat-Free Foods部分中的“A fat-cut is not advisable, especially when your workouts are regular. Plus, fat-free foods are usually high in processed sugar.(减少脂肪是不可取的，尤其是当你经常锻炼的时候。另外，无脂食品通常含有大量的加工糖。)”可知，经常锻炼的人使用脱脂的食物是不可取的，所以经常去健身的人脱脂的食物是特别不恰当的。故选D项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据首段中的“Some of the “everyday foods” we eat hide some unhealthy features, which most people ignore. We take a look at some of the health risks being served to you!(我们吃的一些“日常食物”隐藏着一些不健康的特征，这是大多数人所忽视的。让我们来看看这些给你带来的健康风险吧！)”可知，本文主要介绍的是我们使用的一些隐藏着不健康特征的日常食物，所以这四种食物的共同点是拥有想一些有害的特征。故选C项。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据首段中的“We take a look at some of the health risks being served to you!(让我们来看看这些给你带来的健康风险吧!)”以及介绍的四种食物都与健康相关，所以本文可以在网站中的健康部分中见到。故选A项。
B
Speaking to The Guardian at the Third International Conference on Human genetic editing, Prof Jennifer Doudna, a 2020 Nobel chemistry prize winner, said, “We’ll definitely be seeing genetic therapies (治疗；疗法) for heart diseases, brain diseases, and eye conditions.” But she warned, “One of the riskiest and most realistic potentials is that trials of gene editing in embryos (胚胎) will probably follow.”
The technology can and will smooth the way for therapies for enhancing healthy humans, to make them faster, smarter, stronger, or more resistant to diseases, though enhancement would be more difficult than mending single faulty genes. According to the experts at the conference, including geneticists, public health researchers and philosophers, a wave of gene editing therapies were expected to reach clinics in the next five years or so. The therapies will correct disease-causing disorders in tissues and organs and become mature as researchers work out how to make multiple edits at once and reach difficult areas such as parts of the brain.
However, Doudna and the other experts also expressed their concern that the next generation of advanced genetic therapies raises serious issues that must be tackled to ensure the technology benefits patients and society. Prof Fran oise Baylis, a philosopher at Dalhousie University in Canada, was worried that in addition to the sure sign of genetic enhancement coming, the cost of the new therapies would be too high for much of the global population. Prof Mayana Zatz, at the University of S o Paulo, Brazil, said she was against editing genes for improvement but added, “There will always be people ready to pay for it in private clinics and it will be difficult to stop.”
One conclusion almost all experts shared was that while all these potential problems and risks did exist, a future full of promise would definitely be witnessed. After all, it is not technology itself but ways in which people employ it that decide the result.
4. Which is not considered as beneficial by Prof Jennifer Doudna
A. Gene editing for diseases in brain.
B. Gene editing for diseases in eyes.
C. Gene editing for diseases in heart.
D. Gene editing for diseases in embryos.
5. What can we infer in paragraph 2
A. Genetic therapies are more difficult than mending.
B. Society will benefit from genetic therapies entirely.
C. Genetic therapies have already reached some clinics.
D. All disorders can’t be corrected by genetic therapies.
6 What did Prof Fran oise Baylis and Prof Mayana Zatz agree on
A. The cost of the new therapies would be too high.
B. Editing genes for improvement is promising.
C. Editing genes for improvement is unavoidable.
D. Editing genes for improvement should carry on.
7. What is the attitude of most experts towards genetic therapies in the text
A. Opposed. B. Objective. C. Supportive. D. Unconcerned.
【答案】4. D 5. D 6. C 7. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍的是专家们在第三届国际人类基因编辑会议上讨论了基因编辑治疗的潜力和风险。他们认为，未来五年内将会有一波基因编辑治疗进入临床应用，但也存在成本高昂和伦理问题等风险。基因编辑治疗可以治疗心脏病、脑疾病和眼部疾病等，但在胚胎中进行基因编辑是风险最大的。基因编辑治疗的发展前景广阔，但需要解决伦理和社会问题。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“ But she warned, “One of the riskiest and most realistic potentials is that trials of gene editing in embryos (胚胎) will probably follow.”(但她警告说，“最危险和最现实的可能性之一是，胚胎基因编辑的试验可能会随之而来。”)”可知，Jennifer Doudna教授认为在胚胎中进行基因编辑是风险最大的。故选D。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中“The technology can and will smooth the way for therapies for enhancing healthy humans, to make them faster, smarter, stronger, or more resistant to diseases, though enhancement would be more difficult than mending single faulty genes. (这项技术可以并将为增强健康人类的治疗铺平道路，使他们变得更快、更聪明、更强壮或更抵抗疾病，尽管增强比修复单个有缺陷的基因更为困难)”可知，相比于基因修复，通过基因治疗疾病增强健康人类，使人类变得更快、更聪明、更强壮或更抵抗疾病，这是更困难的，由此推断并非所有的疾病都能通过基因疗法得到纠正。故选D。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“Prof Fran oise Baylis, a philosopher at Dalhousie University in Canada, was worried that in addition to the sure sign of genetic enhancement coming, the cost of the new therapies would be too high for much of the global population.(加拿大达尔豪斯大学的哲学家Baylis教授担心，除了基因增强即将到来的明确迹象外，新疗法的成本对全球大多数人来说太高了。)”以及根据后文中“Prof Mayana Zatz, at the University of S o Paulo, Brazil, said she was against editing genes for improvement but added, “There will always be people ready to pay for it in private clinics and it will be difficult to stop.”(巴西圣保罗大学的Mayana Zatz教授表示，她反对为改善而编辑基因，但她补充说：“总会有人愿意在私人诊所支付费用，这将很难阻止。”)”可知， Baylis教授和Mayana Zatz教授所一致认为的是基因疗法是不可避免的，它是即将到来的。故选C。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中“One conclusion almost all experts shared was that while all these potential problems and risks did exist, a future full of promise would definitely be witnessed. (几乎所有专家都同意的一个结论是，虽然所有这些潜在的问题和风险确实存在，但一个充满希望的未来肯定会出现)”可知，作者认为，虽然对于基因疗法未来有着潜在的问题和风险确实存在，但对于基因疗法的未来是充满希望的，由此作者对该疗法的态度是客观的。故选B。
C
Time and how we experience it have always puzzled us. Physicists have created fascinating theories, but their time is measured by a pendulum (钟摆) and is not psychological time, which leaps with little regard to the clock or calendar. As someone who understood the distinction observed, “When you sit with a nice girl for two hours it seems like a minute, but when you sit on a hot stove, a minute seems like two hours.”
Psychologists have long noticed that larger units of time, such as months and years, fly on swifter wings as we age. They also note that the more time is structured with schedules and appointments, the more rapidly it seems to pass. For example, a day at the office flies compared with a day at the beach.
Expectation and familiarity also make time seem to flow more rapidly. Almost all of us have had the experience of driving somewhere we’ve never been before. Surrounded by unfamiliar scenery, with no real idea of when we’ll arrive, we experience the trip as if lasting a long time. But the return trip, although exactly as long, seems to take far less time. The novelty of the outward journey has become routine.
When days become as identical as beads (小珠子)on a string, they mix together, and even months become a single day. To counter this, try to find ways to interrupt the structure of your day-to stop time, so to speak.
Learning something new is one of the ways to slow the passage of time. One of the reasons the days of our youth seems so full and long is that these are the days of learning and discovery. For many of us, learning ends when we leave school, but this doesn’t have to be.
8. What is the underlined sentence in Paragraph 1 is used to show
A. Physical theory has nothing to do with the true sense of time.
B. Physical time is different from psychological time.
C. Time should not be measured by a pendulum.
D. Psychological time is quite puzzling.
9. Which of the following will make you feel time flies faster
A. A day spent exploring something unknown.
B. Staying with a person who you dislike.
C. A day packed with appointments to handle.
D. Driving to a new place for the first time.
10. What does “novelty” in Paragraph 3 probably means
A. Amusement.
B. Excitement.
C. Imagination.
D. Unfamiliarity.
11. What is the purpose of the passage
A. To explain why time flies and how to slow it down psychologically.
B. To describe how we experience time psychologically.
C. To show the different ideas of physicists and psychologists on time.
D. To give various explanations about time.
【答案】8. B 9. C 10. D 11. A
【解析】
【分析】本文为一篇说明文。文章主要讲述的是同样的事情，同样的时间，但是心理层面的时间和物理概念的时间是有差别的。文章解释了时间为什么过得很快以及怎么样让它变慢。
【8题详解】
词句猜测题。根据文章第一段第一句“Physicists have created fascinating theories, but their time is measured by a pendulum (钟摆) and is not psychological time, which leaps with little regard to the clock or calendar. (物理学家创造了令人着迷的理论，但他们的时间是用钟摆来衡量的，而不是心理时间，心理时间与时钟或日历无关)”可知，划线句子When you sit with a nice girl for two hours it seems like a minute, but when you sit on a hot stove, a minute seems like two hours.(当你和一个好女孩坐在一起两小时，看起来像一分钟，但当你坐在一个热烘烘的炉子上，一分钟看起来像两个小时)是为了说明物理概念的时间和心理的时间是有区别的。故选B。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段“They also note that the more time is structured with schedules and appointments, the more rapidly it seems to pass. For example, a day at the office flies compared with a day at the beach. (他们还指出，日程安排和约会安排得越多，时间过得就越快。例如，在办公室的一天比在海滩的一天要快得多)”可知，时间安排得越紧，时间过得越快。故选C。
【10题详解】
词句猜测题。根据文章第三段“Surrounded by unfamiliar scenery, with no real idea of when we’ll arrive, we experience the trip as if lasting a long time. (周围都是不熟悉的风景，我们不知道什么时候会到达，我们的旅行仿佛持续了很长时间)”可知，因为对周边的环境不熟悉才觉得时间过得慢。这种情况成为了生活的一种常规。由此可猜测划线部分是“不熟悉”。故选D。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Learning something new is one of the ways to slow the passage of time. One of the reasons the days of our youth seems so full and long is that these are the days of learning and discovery. (学习新东西是减缓时间流逝的方法之一。我们的青年时代之所以显得充实而漫长，其中一个原因就是这是学习和发现的时期)”可知，本文的目的是解释时间为什么过得很快，以及怎么样让它变得慢。故选A。
D
Music streaming platforms (平台) such as Spotify and Apple Music have completely changed how people listen to music nowadays. By paying very affordable prices, people can access music very easily. However, while these platforms may provide benefits for some artists, up-and-coming artists are being left behind because they only focus on big names and creating profits.
Because of COVID-19, musicians have not been able to tour or perform live in many countries, which contributes to a large part of their income. In a YouTube interview, up-and-coming Texas artist Mobey mentioned that “The majority of my income comes from playing live shows. Usually that means around 50% — 70% of what we expect to make in a year”. With these factors, small artists are finding it increasingly difficult to make it in the industry due to the lack of investment (投资) into new talent.
Small artists on Spotify and Apple Music can expect to make little to nothing. An artist on Spotify can expect to earn an average of $0.003 per stream or around $3 per 1,000 streams for one of their songs. On Apple Music, artists can expect to make a little more with an average of $0.01 per stream, or around $10 with 1,000 streams. Even if they could hit around 1,000 streams, they have to pay music distribution (分发) platforms needed for their music to be shown on the streaming platforms such as DistroKid, whose cheapest plan is $20.
A new artist would find it very difficult to promote their music outside of their social media accounts which may not even have a large amount of followers. They probably cannot get large amounts of streams on their music since it is not being promoted due to the lack of exposure (宣传) they have on social media.
With the takeover of music streaming platforms, many artists are finding it increasingly difficult to make a sustainable (可持续的) living from their love for music. A simple way these platforms can enable new artists to keep making music is to increase their payouts per stream for their music. Hopefully the music streaming industry will make similar changes to improve the situation of their artists.
12. What is the problem with music streaming platforms
A. They ignore small artists. B. They are not user-friendly.
C. They are very difficult to manage. D. They limit the number of small artists’ songs.
13. What do artist Mobey’s words center on
A. His lack of investment. B. His total income in a year.
C. The main source of his income. D. The reason for his fewer live shows.
14. What do the figures in paragraph 3 show
A. How a music streaming platform works.
B. Small artists’ hope for music streaming platforms.
C. Small artists’ dislike for music streaming platforms.
D. Why small artists earn little on music streaming platforms.
15. What is the best title for the text
A. Music streaming platforms: Do they really put profits first
B. Music streaming platforms: Are they a chance or challenge to artists
C. Music streaming platforms: Have they harmed the industry for artists
D. Music streaming platforms: Could they offer music lovers better services
【答案】12. A 13. C 14. D 15. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍的是一些新的流媒体平台对新的艺术家并不友好，这些平台只关注大牌和创造利润，忽视小艺术家，让他们几乎赚不到钱。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“However, while these platforms may provide benefits for some artists, up-and-coming artists are being left behind because they only focus on big names and creating profits.(然而，虽然这些平台可能会为一些艺术家带来好处，但崭露头角的艺术家却被抛在了后面，因为他们只关注大牌和创造利润。)”可知，音乐流媒体平台往往会忽视那些崭露头角的音乐家，因为他们只关注大牌和创造利润。故选A。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中“In a YouTube interview, up-and-coming Texas artist Mobey mentioned that “The majority of my income comes from playing live shows. Usually that means around 50%-70% of what we expect to make in a year”. (在YouTube的一次采访中，德克萨斯的新秀艺术家Mobey提到：“我的大部分收入来自现场演出。通常这意味着我们一年的预期收入的50%-70%左右。”)”可知，Mobey的话主要阐述的是他的收入来源。故选C。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段中“Small artists on Spotify and Apple Music can expect to make little to nothing. (Spotify和Apple Music上的小艺人几乎赚不到钱。)”以及“An artist on Spotify can expect to earn an average of $0.003 per stream or around $3 per 1, 000 streams for one of their songs. On Apple Music, artists can expect to make a little more with an average of $0.01 per stream, or around $10 with 1, 000 streams. (在Spotify上，艺人平均每次播放能赚到0.003美元，或者一首歌曲每播放1000次能赚到3美元左右。在Apple Music上，艺人平均每次播放0.01美元可以多赚一点，播放1000次可以赚10美元左右。)”以及“Even if they could hit around 1,000 streams, they have to pay music distribution (分发) platforms needed for their music to be shown on the streaming platforms such as DistroKid, whose cheapest plan is $20.(即使他们的音乐播放量达到1000次左右，他们也必须向音乐发行平台付费，这样他们的音乐才能在像DistroKid这样的流媒体平台上播放，其最便宜的计划是20美元。)”可知，本段中的数字解释了Spotify和Apple Music上的小艺人几乎赚不到钱的原因。故选D。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段中“However, while these platforms may provide benefits for some artists, up-and-coming artists are being left behind because they only focus on big names and creating profits.( 然而，虽然这些平台可能会为一些艺术家带来好处，但崭露头角的艺术家却被抛在了后面，因为他们只关注大牌和创造利润。)”以及通读全文可知，文章主要介绍的是一些新的流媒体平台对新的艺术家并不友好，这些平台只关注大牌和创造利润，忽视小艺术家，让他们几乎赚不到钱。C选项“Music streaming platforms: Have they harmed the industry for artists (音乐流媒体平台：它们是否损害了艺人的利益？)”概括文章主题。故选C。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2. 5分，满分12. 5分)
Have you ever had someone tell you "If you eat before bed, you are more likely to get fat!" ___16___This belief originated when researchers found the relation between individuals snacking late at night and having a BMI that categorizes them as obese(肥胖的）。
Is eating late at night, especially after 8 pm, really going to make you gain weight One theory is that your metabolism(新陈代谢） slows down when you are asleep.___17___ Thus the calories you eat right before bed would not be burned off as much as they would be while you're awake. Although the science seems pretty sound, recent studies have shown that metabolism changes very little, if at all, while you are asleep. ___18___ The heart is still beating, lungs are still working, and the brain is still very active. All of these actions take energy, meaning while we are asleep, we are still burning calories.
___19___As we know, one physiological effect of insulin(胰岛素）is storing fat. Food being consumed late at night will more likely be stored away due to the higher levels of insulin present in the blood system. However, insulin levels at night are shown to be no different than insulin levels during mid-day. If it is true that eating with high insulin levels causes you to gain weight, anyone eating anytime after the morning will become fat.
So how come individuals have higher BMI s when they snack at night It is simply a result of eating too many calories. Snacks that individuals tend to eat during the night are usually high in sugar and calories, such as ice cream, candy, potato chips and soft drinks. Put simply, if you eat more calories than you burn,regardless of the time of the day, you will gain weight. ___20___
A. With a slow metabolism, few calories are being burned.
B. While asleep, your body still functions in many ways.
C. All living matter undergoes a process of metabolism.
D. The time these snacks are consumed does not matter.
E. Without ever questioning it, people quickly assume this to be true.
F. Besides insulin levels are dramatically lower in the morning than at night.
G. Another theory is that late-night snacking leads to rising insulin levels.
【答案】16. E 17. A 18. B 19. G 20. D
【解析】
【分析】本文是说明文。文章通过常听到的一句话“睡前吃东西会胖！”这一观点引出两种理论：1.睡着时，代谢比较慢；2.睡着时，胰岛素分泌较多。最后得出晚上吃零食体重指数会更高是由于摄入太多卡路里，并且和吃零食的时间没有关系。
【16题详解】
上文“Have you ever had someone tell you "If you eat before bed, you are more likely to get fat" （是否曾有人告诉你“如果你睡前吃东西，你更容易发胖”？）”及下文“This belief originated when researchers found the relation between individuals snacking late at night and having a BMI that categorizes them as obese.（当研究人员发现人们在深夜吃零食和体重指数间的关系时,这一观点就产生了。）”可知，下文所说的“This belief ”指的就是前文提出问题之后，所给出的相关肯或否的回答。E项中的“Without ever questioning it”就是对上文问题的肯定回答，“people quickly assume this to be true.”和下文用深夜零食和体重指数的关系来解释人们为什么认为这是真的一致。故选E项。
【17题详解】
上文“One theory is that your metabolism(新陈代谢） slows down when you are asleep.（一种理论认为，当你睡着时，你的新陈代谢会减慢。）”以及下文“Thus the calories you eat right before bed would not be burned off as much as they would be while you're awake.（因此，睡前摄入的卡路里不会像清醒时那样被消耗掉。）”可知，设空处用来说明新陈代谢减慢和卡路里之间的关系，起到承上启下的作用。A项前半句“With a slow metabolism”承接上文所讲的新陈代谢减慢，后半句“few calories are being burned”引出下文所说的卡路里。故选A项。
【18题详解】
上文“metabolism changes very little, if at all, while you are asleep.（当你睡着的时候，如果有新陈代谢的话，变化也很小。）”以及下文“The heart is still beating, lungs are still working, and the brain is still very active.（心脏还在跳动，肺还在工作，大脑仍然非常活跃。）”可知，设空处为睡着时，新陈代谢和身体机能的关系。B项前半句“While asleep”承接上文睡着时这一前提，后半句“your body still functions in many ways.”引出下文各项身体器官的机能。故选B项。
【19题详解】
根据文章行文逻辑及前文已经提及的“One theory is …（一个理论是……）”以及下文“As we know, one physiological effect of insulin is storing fat.（众所周知，胰岛素的一个生理作用是储存脂肪）”说明设空处为另一种和胰岛素相关的理论。G项中“Another theory is…”和上文One theory is 相对应，“that late-night snacking leads to rising insulin levels”和下文所提胰岛素和脂肪关系一致。故选G项。
【20题详解】
上文“if you eat more calories than you burn, regardless of the time of the day, you will gain weight.（如果你摄入的卡路里比你燃烧的多，不管一天中的哪个时间，你的体重都会增加）”说明卡路里摄入多于燃烧时就会长胖，与摄入时间无关。D项“The time these snacks are consumed does not matter.”与上文一致，说明吃这些零食的时间并不重要。故选D项。
第三部分 语言运用
第一节 完形填空
The stage lights dimmed (变昏暗), and I took a quick look from behind the heavy black curtains into the audience. Blinded by the lights, I quickly ___21___. It seems that a great number of eyes were looking at me. I took a deep ___22___ as the music of my dance began to play. I entered the stage and began my ___23___, the graduation test of the classical Indian dance.
After a decade of learning, I was finally ready to take on the most difficult act. The test is the most important ___24___ in a dancer’s life as it pays respect to all the factors in one’s life that ___25___ the dance form: one’s culture and family.
The performance is undertaken only by the most ___26___ and determined students. It is a difficult process that requires much ___27___. For more than six months, I spent two to three hours every day ___28___ these dances. Many times, I ___29___ myself to my physical and mental breaking point, but still I would not stop. I could not give up. There was always so much more to do and so much more to ____30____
I discovered a lot about myself in those tiring hours. I learned that I was far too stubborn to give up, and I was too proud to prove myself wrong after I had set an unrealistic goal. Even with physical pain and mental stress, I forced myself to meet my ____31____. Even when I was at the end of my limit, there was always something ____32____ me on, forcing me not to give up.
Fortunately I made it. What I had done ____33____ the success. It was in those hours that I learned what a dancer ____34____ is. Those time was evidence that I could achieve something I ____35____ out to do.
21. A. pulled back B. set off C. reached out D. broke away
22 A. sleep B. thought C. breath D. sorrow
23. A. career B. understanding C. response D. performance
24. A. routine B. lesson C. accident D. event
25. A. develop B. purchase C. introduce D. promote
26. A. focused B. beautiful C. intelligent D. considerate
27. A. talent B. strength C. devotion D. cooperation
28. A. recording B. practicing C. discussing D. designing
29. A. applied B. addicted C. treated D. pushed
30. A. forget B. design C. learn D. research
31. A. explanation B. expectation C. expense D. impression
32. A. driving B. competing C. benefiting D. representing
33. A. increased B. deserved C. expanded D. exposed
34. A. completely B. mainly C. truly D. distantly
35 A. put B. carry C. turn D. set
【答案】21. C 22. C 23. D 24. D 25. A 26. A 27. C 28. B 29. D 30. C 31. B 32. A 33. B 34. C 35. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要叙述了作者从小开始学习印度古典舞蹈，十年之后参加舞蹈毕业考试。成功之后，作者对以前的学习过程进行了反思。作者认为只有最专注、最有毅力的学生，承受身心的压力才能获得成功，也知道了什么是真正的舞者。
【21题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：我被灯光照得睁不开眼，赶紧伸出手来。A. pulled back撤回；B. set off出发；C. reached out伸出；D. broke away脱离。根据上文“Blinded by the lights”可知，灯光太强，作者睁不开眼，伸手去挡光。故选C。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我的舞曲开始响起时，我深吸了一口气。A. sleep睡觉；B. thought想法；C. breath呼吸；D. sorrow悲伤。根据上文“It seems that a great number of eyes were looking at me”可知，作者感觉有好多人在观看，所以很紧张，于是“深呼吸（breath）”来缓解紧张。故选C。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我进入了舞台，开始了我的表演，印度古典舞蹈的毕业考试。A. career事业；B. understanding理解；C. response反应；D. performance表演。根据后文“the graduation test of the classical Indian dance”可知，作者要开始表演了。故选D。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这个测试是一个舞者生命中最重要的事件，因为它尊重一个人生命中发展舞蹈形式的所有因素：一个人的文化和家庭。A. routine常规；B. lesson课；C. accident事故；D. event事件，大事。结合后文“in a dancer’s life as it pays respect to all the factors in one’s life”可知，这个比赛因为尊重一个人生命中发展舞蹈形式的所有因素，所以是一个舞者生命中最重要的事件（event）。故选D。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这个测试是一个舞者生命中最重要的事件，因为它尊重一个人生命中发展舞蹈形式的所有因素：一个人的文化和家庭。A. develop发展；B. purchase购买；C. introduce介绍；D. promote促进。根据后文“the dance form:one’s culture and family”可知，这个测试是舞者一生中最重要的事情，因为它尊重于一个人一生中发展（develop）舞蹈形式的所有因素：一个人的文化和家庭。故选A。
【26题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：只有最专注、最坚定的学生才会参加演出。A. focused专心的；B. beautiful美丽的；C. intelligent聪明的；D. considerate体贴的。结合文章第二段第一句中“the most difficult act”可知，这次表演只有最专注的（focused）和最有决心的学生才能参加。故选A。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这是一个艰辛的过程，需要投入很多。A. talent才能；B. strength力量；C. devotion努力，投入；D. cooperation合作。结合第二段第一句中“the most difficult act”可知，这次表演是一段艰辛的过程，需要投入很多。故选C。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在六个多月的时间里，我每天花两到三个小时练习这些舞蹈。A. recording记录；B. practicing练习；C. discussing讨论；D. designing设计。结合上文“I spent two to three hours every day”可知，作者为了参加比赛，在过去的六个多月的时间里，每天都会花两到三个小时练习（practice）舞蹈。故选B。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：很多次，我把自己推向身体和精神的极限，但我仍然不会停止。A. applied申请；B. addicted沉迷于；C. treated治疗；D. pushed推。结合空格所在句后半句“but still I would not stop”和下文“I could not give up”可知，但是“我”仍然不会停止，不会放弃。说明很多次，“我”都会把自己推向（push）身体和精神崩溃的极限。故选D。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：总有那么多的事情要做，那么多的东西要学。A. forget忘记；B. design设计；C. learn学习；D. research研究。结合上文“There was always so much more to do and so much more to”可知，此处指总有那么多事情要做，还有那么多东西要学（learn）。故选C。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：即使有身体上的疼痛和精神上的压力，我也强迫自己满足我的期望。A. explanation解释；B. expectation期望；C. expense费用；D. impression印象。结合上文中“Even with physical pain and mental stress”可知，在面临身体上的疼痛和精神上的压力的情况下，“我”还是要强迫自己去达到“我”的期望（expectation）。故选B。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：即使当我处在我的极限时，总有一些东西驱使我，强迫我不放弃。A. driving驱使；B. competing竞争；C. benefiting有益于；D. representing代表。根据后文“forcing me not to give up”可知，有东西驱使作者不放弃。故选A。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我所做的值得拥有这次成功。A. increased增加；B. deserved值得，应得；C. expanded扩大；D. exposed暴露。结合上文作者为了比赛每天练习，面临身体上的疼痛和精神上的压力最后终于取得成功和后文的“the success”可知，作者所付出的一切值得（deserve）拥有这次成功。故选B。
【34题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：正是在那几个小时里，我明白了真正的舞者是什么。A. completely完全地；B. mainly主要地；C. truly真正地；D. distantly远离地。结合上文“It was in those hours that I learned what a dancer”可推知，正是那几个小时让作者学会了什么是真正的舞者。故选C。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：那些时间证明了我可以实现我设定的目标。A. put放置；B. carry搬运；C. turn转向；D. set设置。根据上文“I could achieve something I”可知，此处指作者可以实现自己设定的目标。短语set out to do表示“着手做某事，开始去做”。故选D。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The city of Zibo has never seen so many visitors.
As the sun begins to set, the aroma of sizzling meat falls the air and draws in more ____36____ (hunger) customers. On each street, queues stretch outside restaurants for more than a hundred meters. Some restaurants even run out of key ingredients as early as 7p.m. ____37____ the night. All hotels are also operating at full capacity.
The city was barely known by outsiders ____38____ it went viral on Chinese social media platforms recently. Most visitors are young people, who share their experience of traveling to Zibo to experience the city’s barbecue culture on social platforms, ____39____ (attract) even more visitors.
Zibo- style barbecue’s classic three-piece set contains roast lamb, green onions, and nan bread, which, ____40____ (combine), make a mouth-watering combo (组合). The fame of Zibo barbecue used to be limited to just Shandong Province. ____41____ (previous), barbecue in Northeast China was much more popular across the country.
Behind Zibo’s sudden fame ____42____ (be) the efforts and services of the local government, as well as a good reputation of local businesses, ____43____ receive favorable reviews from visitors who share their experiences online.
To promote Zibo-style barbecue, Zibo has launched two dozen “special barbecue trains,” where local tourism officials would serve tourists ____44____ (they). At the city’s train station, shuttle buses transport tourists to various barbecue stalls directly. Netizens joke that the high-speed trains _____45_____ (pack) with visiting tourists and that the air onboard is filled with cumin.
【答案】36. hungry
37. in 38. before/until
39. attracting
bined
41. Previously
42. are 43. which
44. themselves
45. are packed
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要对淄博的走红进行了相关介绍。
【36题详解】
考查形容词。句意：当太阳开始落山时，空气中弥漫着咝咝作响的肉香味，吸引了更多饥饿的顾客。形容词hungry作定语修饰名词customers，hungry意为“饥饿的”。故填hungry。
【37题详解】
考查介词。句意：在夜里，所有酒店也都满负荷运转。in the night固定搭配“在夜里，在夜间”。故填in。
【38题详解】
考查连词。句意：最近在中国社交媒体平台上走红之前，这座城市几乎不为外人所知。分析句子可知，空处缺从属连词连接句子引导时间状语从句，不为人所知是发生在走红之前的动作，用before。再者not…until意为“直到……才……”。也可以填写until。故填before/until。
【39题详解】
考查现在分词。句意：大多数游客都是年轻人，他们在社交平台上分享自己去淄博体验这座城市烧烤文化的经历，吸引了更多的游客。分析句子可知，主系表结构完整的句子，who引导非限制性定语从句修饰先行词young people，空后短语是前句产生的意料之中的结果，attract用现在分词作结果状语，故填attracting。
【40题详解】
考查过去分词。句意：淄博烧烤的经典三件套餐包括烤羊肉、大葱和馕，这三者结合在一起，构成了令人垂涎的套餐。分析句子可知，非限制性定语从句中已有谓语make，combine是非谓语动词，which指代 roast lamb, green onions, and nan bread，逻辑主语roast lamb, green onions, and nan bread和非谓语动词combine之间形成动宾关系，combine用过去分词表被动，故填combined。
【41题详解】
考查副词。句意：以前，东北地区的烧烤在全国更受欢迎。副词previously做状语修饰句子，首字母大写，故填Previously。
【42题详解】
考查时态和主谓一致。句意：淄博突然成名的背后是当地政府的努力和服务，以及当地企业的良好声誉，这些企业得到了游客的好评，他们在网上分享了他们的经历。讲述一般性事实，时态用一般现在时，该句是全部倒装，主语the efforts and services of the local government复数，谓语复数形式，故填are。
【43题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：淄博突然成名的背后是当地政府的努力和服务，以及当地企业的良好声誉，这些企业得到了游客的好评，他们在网上分享了他们的经历。该空引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是local businesses，指物，关系词在从句中作主语，用关系代词which，故填which。
【44题详解】
考查代词。句意：为了推广淄博烧烤，淄博已经推出了24列“烧烤专列”，由当地旅游官员亲自为游客提供服务。officials亲自为游客服务，反身代词表示他们自己，故填themselves。
【45题详解】
考查时态和主谓一致。句意：网友们开玩笑说，高铁里挤满了游客，车上的空气充满了孜然味。固定搭配be packed with“用……填满，填充，挤满……”，讲述一般性事实，时态用一般现在时，主语the high-speed trains复数，谓语复数形式，故填are packed。
第三节 词汇检测(共 20 小题;每小题0.5分，满分10分)
I. 词汇考查范围：B4U1
46. Body language, especially gestures, v__________ among cultures.(根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】varies##aries
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：肢体语言，尤其是手势，因文化而异。分析句子可知，此空应填动词作谓语，再由首字母和句意可知，应填vary，表“不同”，陈述客观事实，时态应用一般现在时，且主语Body language为三人称单数，故填varies。
47. I began reading eagerly and g__________, impatient to satisfy my hunger for books. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】greedily
【解析】
【详解】考查副词。句意：我开始急切而贪婪地阅读，迫不及待地想要满足我对书的渴望。根据首字母和句意可知，副词greedily“贪婪地”与副词eagerly并列，在句中作状语。故填greedily。
48. As a new spokesman, he often thinks of how he can respond more a__________ on such occasions. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】appropriately##ppropriately
【解析】
【详解】考查副词。句意：作为一名新发言人，他经常想到如何在这种情况下做出更恰当的回应。分析句子可知，句副词作状语。结合提示首字母为a, 可知，空处填副词appropriately。故填写appropriately。
49. The completion of this project will s_________ the economy of this region if not the whole of China. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】stimulate##timulate
【解析】
【详解】考查时态。句意：该项目的建成将刺激该地区的经济，即使不是整个中国的经济。分析句子可知，此空应填动词作谓语，再根据首字母和句意可知，应填stimulate，表“刺激”，该空用动词原形形式与前面助动词will构成一般将来时。故填stimulate。
50. New ideas need to be g________ for the bright future of our company. （根据首字母单词拼写）
【答案】generated##enerated
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：为了我们公司的光明未来，需要有新的想法。主语New ideas与generate之间为被动关系，所以用动词的过去分词形式。故填generated。
51. Bear always in mind the __________ (bitter) of the old society.(所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】bitterness
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：永远牢记旧社会的辛酸痛苦。分析句子可知，此空应填名词，bitterness表“痛苦”，为不可数名词，在本句中作宾语。故填bitterness。
52. There are so many __________ (adore) animals out there, but they all need a home. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】adorable
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：世界上有那么多可爱的动物，但它们都需要一个家。修饰名词animals应用形容词adorable，作定语。故填adorable。
53. My father is fairly responsible, repeatedly placing great __________ (强调，重视)(pl/复数形式) on teamwork, mutual trust and respect, and the importance of family life and ties.(根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】emphases
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：我父亲相当负责，一再强调团队合作、相互信任和尊重，以及家庭生活和关系的重要性。根据中文提示可知，表示“强调，重视”应用emphasis，为可数名词，且按要求，这里应用复数形式，在本句中作宾语。故填emphases。
54. The earthquake caused damage to property __________ (估计) at $6 million. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】estimated
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：地震造成的财产损失估计达600万美元。根据中文提示可知，表示“估算；估价”可用estimate，且本句中谓语动词是caused，此处应用非谓语动词，作定语，修饰名词property，且property与estimate之间为被动关系，所以用过去分词形式。故填estimated。
55. It may take a long time for some people to __________ (消化，吸收，理解) new idea. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】digest
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：有些人可能需要很长时间才能理解新思想。根据中文提示可知，表示“消化，吸收，理解”应用动词digest，与前面to构成不定式，在本句中作真正的主语。故填digest。
II. 词汇考查范围：高一暑假词汇练习与测试卷一、二
56. What’s considered typical or proper social conduct in one country may be regarded as o__________ or improper in another.(根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】odd##dd
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：在一个国家被认为是典型或恰当的社会行为，在另一个国家可能被认为是奇怪或不恰当的。be regarded as+adj. (被认为是……)，分析句子可知，此空应填形容词与or后面 improper为并列关系。再根据首字母和句意可知，应填odd，表“奇怪的”。故填odd。
57. As far as I know, he __________ (survive) on a small bottle of water in the desert before he was found.(所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】had survived
【解析】
【详解】考查动词时态。句意：据我所知，在他被发现之前，他在沙漠中靠一小瓶水生存。根据句意及常识可知，“先幸存，后被发现”，所以survive 发生在was found之前，符合过去完成时使用要求——过去的过去。故填had survived.
58. The greedy merchants sought to make maximum profits by killing antelopes (羚羊) and selling their fur in the 1990s, and as a c__________, the number of antelopes declined sharply. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】consequence##onsequence
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：20世纪90年代，贪婪的商人们为了获得最大的利润，猎杀羚羊并出售它们的皮毛，结果，羚羊的数量急剧下降。根据首字母和句意可知，是名词“结果”consequence，as a consequence是固定短语，表示“结果”，故填consequence。
59. Wandering along the beach, she could smell the salty air, hear the crashing waves and feel the pull of the sand b__________ her feet. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】beneath##eneath
【解析】
【详解】考查介词。句意：沿着海滩漫步，她能闻到咸味的空气，听到海浪的撞击声，感觉到脚下沙子的拉力。根据单词首字母以及句意“下面”可知应用介词beneath，故填beneath。
60. Earthquakes are among the most __________ (destroy) natural disasters that can strike without warning. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】destructive
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：地震是最具破坏性的自然灾害之一，可以在没有预警的情况下发生。分析句子可知，此空应填形容词destructive作定语，修饰后面名词disasters。故填destructive。
61. Originally, they __________ (intend) to drive to the countryside for a holiday, but this was postponed because of traffic jams along the way. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】had intended
【解析】
【详解】考查动词时态。句意：本来，他们打算开车去乡下度假，但由于沿途交通堵塞而推迟了。intend发生在was postponed之前用过去完成时，故填had intended。
62. In the professor’s introduction, he made it clear that our c__________ would be hard-earned and we should apply ourselves to the lesson. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】credits
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：在教授的介绍中，他明确表示，我们的学分来之不易，我们应该认真学习。根据“professor’s introduction教授的介绍”，“we should apply ourselves to the lesson.我们应该认真学习”以及首字母C的提示，可推知是“讲授讲课的场景”。因为设空处前有形容词性物主代词our，可推知填写名词作主语。综合分析后，“credit 学分”符合句意。因为学分是可数名词。故填写credits.
63. The school drew up some __________ (指导方针) on how to use social media websites properly for students. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】guidelines
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：学校制定了一些关于如何为学生正确使用社交媒体网站的指导方针。根据中文提示可知，表示“指导方针”可用guideline，为可数名词，且由some可知，这里应用名词复数形式，在本句中作宾语。故填guidelines。
64. Don’t respond to any e-mails ________ (request) personal information, no matter how official they look. （所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】requesting
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：不要回复任何要求提供个人信息的电子邮件，无论它们看起来多么正式。no matter how official they look是让步状语从句，逗号前面是主句。主句是祈使句，已经存在谓语，因此request必须使用非谓语形式，且request与e-mails之间是主谓关系，所以使用现在分词短语作后置定语，修饰限定名词e-mails。故填requesting。
65. A recent survey __________ (indicate) that there is no direct link between the amount of money and the quality of life. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】has indicated
【解析】
【详解】考查时态。句意：最近的一项调查表明，金钱数额与生活质量之间没有直接联系。分析句子可知，此空应填主句谓语动词，且A recent survey与indicate为主动关系，再由recent可知，这里应用现在完成时，主句主语单数，主句谓语单数形式。故填has indicated。
