课件44张PPT。Unit 2 English around the worldUnit 2
English around the world
Using languageReadingStandard English and dialects ?How many dialects are there in China?dialects family in China 北方方言吴语闽南语客家话湘语赣语粤语Chinesedialects in
Guangdong province粤方言客方言闽方言代表地区
梅州代表地区
广州代表地区
潮汕Do you think there are some dialects in English?English dialects in different countriesBritainthe U.S.ACanadaAustraliaIndiaNew Zealand Read the text quickly and answer the question.
Is there standard English?Step 1Step 2
Read the text carefully and answer the following question.1. How many dialects of American English have been listed in the text?
American English has many dialects, especially the midwestern, southern, African American, Spanish dialects. 2.Why do people from neighbouring towns in U.S. speak a little differently?
Because when Americans moved from one place to anther, they took their dialects with them.3.Why are there so many dialect in American English?
That’s because people have come from all over the world. And geography plays a part in making dialects.1.standard
n.&adj.标准，规格；标准的，规格的
come up to the standard
meet standards
set a standard
standard of living
by international standards Language pointsfrom the standards
on a standard
a car of standard size
a standard composer2. Believe it or not, there is no such thing as standard English .
在应用such，so（如此）时应特别注意，如果作定语的词是no ，all，most，some，any，another，many，much，a few，few，little，a little，several，one等词语的时候，应用such，such应放置于这些词之后； 若为其他形容词，such 则应该放置于这些词之前。如果修饰名词的形容词是many，much，few，little时，不能用such，而要用so，且so 要置于这些词之前。3. expect
Vt.(理所当然)期望，预料，认为，预期
usage: expect sb to do sth
expect +that-clause
expect sth
expect to do sthI expect so. 我想是这样。I expect not. I don’t expect so.我想不是这样。expect & wait for
expect 主要指心理状态（a state of mind），含有期盼的意味。
wait for 则指另一种行动（a sort of activity），特别指什么都不干而专门等待。4. specially & especially 尤其，特别地
specially: 指为某一特殊目的而专门采用的某一个方式。
especially:指有意突出到显眼或例外的程度，表达某事不寻常，过分或特别重要。5. eastern 东方的，东部的
eastern一类的词与east一类的词辨析
专有名词，尤其是所表示的地方具有明确的固定范围的专有名词，特别是政治区分，一般用east。普通名词和所指的地方没有明确的固定范围的专有名词多用eastern。east 重点在形容方位或从哪个方向来的；而eastern则指从某一固定的地方看某一个方向，或指某物来自何方或某地朝哪个方向。He is interested in Eastern philosophy.
他对东方哲学感兴趣。
Eastern regions will have heavy rain today.
东部区域今天将有大雨。
China faces the Pacific on the east.
中国东临太平洋。
China is in the east of Asia. 6. play a part in
1>be involved in an activity. 参加某活动.
She plays an active part in local politics.
2>make a contribution to sth; have a share in sth. 对某事起作用，有贡献；参与
She played a major part I the success of the scheme.
We all have a part to play in the fight against crime. 7. Recognize
vt.辨认出来，承认，公认
phrases: recognize one’s voice
recognize sb to be ……被承认为……
be recognized to be……
recognize that……
注意：recognize是一个终止性动词。是指原来很熟悉，经过一段时间的间隔或别的原因后又重新认出来。Listening
1 Before you listen, look at the picture below and read the exercises. In doing so, you can get some idea about the listening and predict the content.
Discuss your ideas
with your partner. 2 Imagine that you are in Houston, Texas, a city in the American South. This is an example of the local dialect. Listen and read through the text and take note of the accent and intonation. Hey, y’all, this here is Buford. I come from a big oil town in Texas. Now, y’all need to understand that we ain’t really a state, but a whole ’nother country. Now let me tell ya a story ’bout when I was just a pup. One hot summer’s day I was swimmin’ with my cousins Little Lester and Big Billy Bob. We was jumpin’ in the water and feelin’ good. Then along comes this catfish ’bout the size of a house. Well, alright, maybe a little smaller than that. Little Lester starts to thinkin’ it’s goin’ to eat him sure ’nough. Man, you shoulda seen him! He got outta the water fast as lightning and climbed up a tree. Big Billy Bob and I just laughed and laughed. To this day, Lester won’t go near that place. 3 Listen again and put these sentences in the right sequence.
__ Lester climbed a tree.
__ Buford, Billy Bob and Lester went
swimming.
__ Lester thought the catfish would eat him.
__ Buford and Billy Bob laughed.
__ Lester saw a catfish.
__ Now Lester is too afraid to visit the place. 1234564 Answer the following questions after listening.
1> What does Buford think of Texas? How do you know? He believes it’s almost a different country from the USA. The listening text tells us.2> How large was the catfish?
3> Why did Lester get out of the water so quickly? He thought the catfish would eat him.The boys thought that the catfish was almost the size of a house.4> Why did Buford and Big Billy Bob laugh? They laughed because Lester believed the catfish would hurt him.Reading and speaking
1 Amy and her American friends are visiting London. They plan to visit Amy’s aunt and decide to go there by underground, but cannot find the nearest underground station. So she asks directions and then tells her friends.
Read the dialogue and circle
the words that mean the same. undergroundleft-hand sidego straight ontwo streetsright-hand side2 Work in pairs. Choose one of the situations and make a dialogue. Use the following expressions to help you. Pay attention to the intonation you use while talking.Pardon? I beg your pardon? I don’t understand. How do you spell that? Could you say that again please? Could you speak more slowly please? Sorry, I can’t follow you!
Could you repeat that please? 1 You and your friend are American. You have arrived in a strange city in England to watch a football match. You need to find a cab/taxi to take you to the football ground.
2 You and your friend are British. You are visiting America. Your car needs some more petrol but you cannot find a petrol station. Ask directions to the nearest one. Sample dialogue for situation 2:S1: Excuse me sir. Could you tell me where the nearest petrol station is?
S2: You mean gas station? Yes of course. It’s straight ahead till you reach the traffic lights. Then turn left and cross one street. Then you’ll see it on your left.
S1: What’s that again? I don’t understand. How many blocks is that?S2: Blocks? There is no blocks! You just go along this road till you reach the traffic lights.
S1: I see – for one block? Can you speak more slowly please? I want to write this down.
S2: See those traffic lights? Go straight ahead until you reach them and turn left. S1: Yes, I see. That’s two blocks. Then do I take a left?
S2: Yes and then cross one road and it is on your left-hand side.
S1: Thanks. I go one block and it’ll be on my left. Thanks so much.Writing
1 Brainstorm with a partner on the following topic: Why should we learn English? Then try to make a poster to show your ideas.Why should we learn English?to read English books to talk to native speakers Sample posterWhat is it important to learn English?
Reasons for learning English:
1. World trade is done in English;
2. International organizations (such as the UN) use English;
3. We need contact with the developed
Western world to build our country;4. Many developing countries also use
English in their dealings;
5. Most businessmen do not have time
to learn new languages every time
they enter a new international
market.
So China’s future lies in learning English to a certain extent.HomeworkReview all the new words and expressions.
Finish exercises 1-2 on page 53 on your workbooks.课件54张PPT。Unit 2 English around the worldUsing language and reading in workbook汉语方言分布图There is no such thing as “standard English”. What people usually mean by this is grammatical English. However, there are many variants of what is considered standard or grammatical ways of saying things. These variants are called dialects. All countries have dialects and because the USA is so large it has many too. Lead instandard 标准, 规格
dialect 方言
southern 南部的
midwestern 中西部的
Spanish 西班牙的 New words play a part 扮演一个角色
eastern 东部的
northwestern 西北方的
recognize 辨认出, 认出1. Why are there so many dialects in the US? Because people have come from all over
the world. Geography also plays a part in
making dialects. It’s believed to be the English spoken on
TV and the radio.2. What’s the standard English?Read the passage and answer the questions.3. Can you tell an interesting or funny story that shows great difference between dialects in Chinese/English?Example: keys or kiss
One friend of mine was giving an English lesson to a class of adults who had recently come to live in the United States. After placing quite a number of everyday objects on a table he asked various members of the class to give him the ruler, the book, the penand so on. The class went very smoothly, and the students seemed interested and serious about the work that they were engaged in until my friend turned to an Italian and said, “Give me the keys.” The man looked surprised and somewhat at a loss (有点手足无措). Seeing this, my friend thought thatthe student hadn’t heard him clearly, so he repeated, “Give me the keys.” The Italian shrugged(耸肩) his shoulders. Then, he threw his arms around the teacher’s neck and kissed him on both cheeks.In China, there are so many local dialects although the government encourage the whole nation to speak putonghua, which regarded as “standard” Chinese. However, local people also speak their own dialects. Discussion
Work in pairs. Discuss any Chinese dialects you know of or can speak.1. What is standard English?
什么是标准英语?
standard (n.)标准, 规格 (adj.) 标准的
meet standard 符合标准
standard of living 生活水平
on a standard 根据某一标准Language pointsThe mountains are not high ____
world standard.
A. by B. at C. to D. on2. Believe it or not, there’s no such a
thing as standard English.
信不信由你,世界上没有所谓的标准 英语。
believe it or not 信不信由你
Believe it or not, all the people present have agreed to the plan.3. This is because in the early days of radio, those who reported the news were expected to speak excellent English.
这是因为在早期的电台节目里，人们期望新闻播音员讲极好的英语。这是一个主从复合句。主句是This is, 从句是由because引导的表语从句: those were expected to speak excellent English. 在表语从句中又含有一个由who引导的定语从句，修饰表语从句的主语those。 当一个句子的主语为this, that或it时， 可以用because引导表语从句。如：
That is because he doesn’t like coffee.
那是因为他不喜欢咖啡。
It may be because the exam was too difficult.
那或许是因为考试太难了。4. However, on TV and the radio you will hear differences in the way people speak.
然而, 甚至在电视上或收音机里都会听到人们在说话时的差异。
the way后面接定语从句时, 关系代词用that/in which或不用关系代词。
I did it in the way that/in which you taught me.I don’t like ___ you speak to her.
A. the way
B. the way in that
C. the way which
D. the way of which5. America English has many dialects, especially the Midwestern, southern, African American and Spanish dialects.
美国英语有很多方言, 尤其是在中西部, 南部, 黑人和西班牙方言。 especially 尤其, 表达事物不寻常或
特别重要
specially 专门(指专为某一目的)Our garden is beautiful, especially in autumn.
I came here specially to see you. African
adj. 非洲的
In the new African countries the governments are trying to provide education for adults.
n. 非洲人
Fish is a staple in the diet of
many Africans.Spanish
adj. 西班牙的 a Spanish dance
n.西班牙语
Do you speak Spanish?6. Geography also plays a part in making
dialects.
地理位置对方言的产生也有影响。
play a part in的意思是：起重要作用；
扮演角色。
He has played an important part in
saving the girl.
He was invited to play a part in this TV
play.拓展：play a role in与play a part in的意思相同，常可以互换。表示“扮演角色”还可以用act, act a / the role of等。如：
Who is acting Hamlet?
She is acting the role of Juliet.[即学即练] 根据括号内的提示，用play a
part in的适当形式完成句子。
1. My friend Jim is looking forward to ______________________（扮演角色的机会）this series.
2. A good diet _______________________
_______________ （在帮助人们长寿方面起着非常大的作用）. plays a large part in helping people live longer a chance to play a part in 7. Although many America move a lot,
they still recognize each other’s dialects.
虽然许多美国人经常搬家, 但他们
仍然能够辨认彼此的方言。
recognize意为： 认出，承认，认可 ，常构成短语recognize ... as / to be ...，表示： 把…看做 ； recognize sb. by sth. 表示： 从/根据某物认出某人。1. I hadn’t seen her for 20 years, but I recognized her as soon as she came into the room.
2. The government refused to recognize the new school.
3. He is recognized to be / as their natural leader.
4. I recognized her by her red hair.Activity 1 不同学生用家乡方言说出同一句话，体会不同地区的方言；
Activity 2 学生说出他们知道或者听过的方言；
Activity 3 学生讨论以下问题：
Why does the government encourage us to speak Putonghua? Group activity The Oxford English DictionaryReading task on P51How it began
1857: The Philological Society of London calls for a new English Dictionary
More work than they thought
1884: Five years into a proposed ten-year projectThe Oxford English Dictionary 的历史 One step at a time
1884-1928: The Dictionary is published in fascicles
Keeping it current
1933-1986: Supplements to the OED
Making it modern
1980s: The Supplements are integrated with the OED to produce its Second EditionInto the electronic age
1992: The first CD-ROM version of the OED is published
The future has begun
The present: The OED is now being fully revised, with new material published in parts onlineDo you know who is the writer of
The Oxford English Dictionary?James Murray, Samuel Johnson,
and Noah Webster.Samuel Johnson (1709-84) Noah Webster James A. H. Murray hard working, intelligent, determined, etc ScotlandNo formal education,taught
himself while workingWorked in a bank before beginning to compile the OEDMake notes about Murray’s life according to the passage.compiling the first edition of the OED
Its difficulties:
1 worded in a shed in his garden and behind his house
2 very cold as it was one metre underground3 no heating; he had to wear a coat and put his feet in a box to keep warm
4 no electric light; he worked at night with candlesQualities needed:
1 commitment
2 perseverance
3 accuracyAt first just James Murray; later his two daughters; finished by others editors after his death 1928First edition took forty-four years to compileI. 根据句意及所给单词的首字母或汉语提示，写出该单词的正确形式。
1. His work does not reach the ________ (标准).
2. Do you speak Sichuan _____ (方言)?
3. I’ve been studying _______ (西班牙语) for three months. standarddialectSpanish 4. Though he is young, he can speak e_______ English.
5. L_______ always comes before thunder.
6. We can’t get there by bus, so we have to use the s_____.excellentLightningsubwayII. 请用下列词组的适当形式填空。
believe it or not; be expected to; by underground; pay attention to; play an important part; in the way
1. Some people don’t like to go to work ______________.
2. The headmaster ___________________ in the good running of a school. by undergroundplays an important part3. ______________, he is really a foreigner.
4. You will _____________ work on Saturdays.
5. Please ______________ the difference between the two words.pay attention toBelieve it or notbe expected to根据括号内的提示翻译下列句子。
1. 我承认自己犯了一个错误（recognize）
2. 你在童年时读过的书对你以后的职业选
择会产生一定的影响。（play a part in）I recognized that I had made a mistake.The books you read as a child can play a part in the job you have later in life.3. 我给他们送去鲜花表示感谢。
（expression）
4. 他直接到朋友那儿请求帮助。 （straight）I sent them fresh flowers as an expression of thanks. He went straight to his friend to ask for help. 1. Review the words and language points
we have learnt in this unit.
2. Translation
(1)他们已经请求国际援助。
(2)带着有礼貌的微笑, 她走了出去。
(3)他出去工作了半年, 因为有病没能结束
工作就回来了。
(4)他喜欢发号施令, 但没有人愿意听他的。Homework?How many dialects are there in China?Dialects family in China 北方方言吴语闽南语客家话湘语赣语粤语ChineseDialects in
Guangdong province粤方言客方言闽方言代表地区
梅州代表地区
广州代表地区
潮汕地区
