课件19张PPT。(四) 完形填空(四) 完形填空命题方向与技巧该题型能够测试学生综合运用英语的能力,也是考生感到难做的一种题型,其难度系数为中偏高。完形填空题设置往往分为两类:(1)意义完形。即根据上下文的语境,寻找句子意思上的内在含义来进行选择;(2)语法填空。即要求考生根据某些语法知识进行分析,从而判断出正确答案。
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近年来,各地中考题多采用“意义完形”的题型。因此,同学们在答题时要注意在特定语境下通过上下文、句与句、段与段之间的关系,充分利用自己的英语知识,全盘考虑,综合性地进行分析、判断、推理,在空白处填上最佳选项,使短文结构和意思正确、完整。(四) 完形填空解题步骤(1)通读全文,了解大意。调动大脑的逻辑思维能力,借助文中关键词语的语义信息,抓住全文大意。阅读过程中考虑文章是什么内容,抓住五个“wh”, 即when, where, who, what, why。切忌做题时不通读全文,采取边阅读边填空甚至没有读懂全文就胡乱填的错误做法。
(2)首尾兼顾,初定选项。通读全文后,应进行逐句推敲,从意义上和结构上确定答案的范围,注意散布不同位置的词类。(四) 完形填空(3)疑难问题,仔细斟酌。对于个别一时难以确定的选项,要再读原文,寻找任何可能的蛛丝马迹,前后联系,对比排除,确定选项。
(4)还原复读,查漏补缺。填完后,检查句子的词类及搭配,纠正错误,弥补疏漏。(四) 完形填空例题解析Once there lived two brothers. The elder was called Simon and the younger Victor. They__1__ each other very much, and always took care of one another. Every day they worked from morning __2__ night, getting as much grain (谷物) as possible from their fields.(四) 完形填空One late autumn evening, after their work in the__3__ was done, Simon said to his wife, “Victor got married last month. He has many bills(账单) to pay. I think I will put a bag of rice in his barn(谷仓).” “Oh, that's a good idea,” said his wife. “But please don't tell him,” said Simon. “If he knows I put the rice there, he will __4__ take it.”
(四) 完形填空So late that night Simon took a bag of rice to Victor's barn. The next day, while looking at his own barn, he found__5__ strange. “I took a bag of rice to Victor's house last night, __6__ I still have the same number of bags in my barn. __7__ did that happen?”
Simon decided to take another bag of rice to his brother's barn that night. But the next morning, he found the__8__ number of bags in his barn again! “This is very strange,” he thought.(四) 完形填空That night he __9__ again. He carried a large bag of rice on his shoulder(肩膀), and walked down the road to his younger brother's house. In the bright moonlight, he could see another __10__ coming down the road. He was carrying something on his__11__ too.
“Younger Brother!” Simon cried. “What are you doing?”(四) 完形填空“I was __12__ you, Older Brother,” said Victor. “Your family is __13__ than mine. I thought you needed more rice.” The two brothers quickly__14__ that they had been taking rice to each other. They __15__ what had happened. “It is good to have a brother like you,” they both said. And they lived happily ever after.
(四) 完形填空1.A. disliked B.hated C.loved D.enjoyed
2.A. until B.at C.through D.with
3.A. shops B.fields
C.hospitals D.factories
4.A. never B.sometimes
C.usually D.ever
5.A. everything B.anything
C.nothing D.something(四) 完形填空6.A. so B.and C.but D.or
7.A. How B.What C.Why D.Where
8.A. small B.different C.huge D.same
9.A. planned B.failed C.hoped D.tried
10.A. brother B.Person C.sister D.wife
11.A. back B.shoulder C.head D.hand
(四) 完形填空12.A. proud of B.polite to
C.angry with D.worried about
13.A. smaller B.richer
C.larger D.happier
14.A. remembered B.realized
C.imagined D.explained
15.A. laughed about B.dreamed about
C.pointed at D.shouted at(四) 完形填空 [解析] 首先,快速阅读全文,目的是掌握全文大意,获得对文章的总体印象。同时,也明确作者的观点。这时,可以忽略文章细节,跳过空格,快速浏览关键词句,从而得知本文的大意。本文是一篇记叙文,介绍了一对兄弟互相关心,哥哥暗中为弟弟家里送大米,但是自家的米却没有少,一天夜里哥哥发现原来弟弟也在做同样的事,体现了浓浓手足情。
其次,开始细读,试着填空,边填空边在上下文中寻找信息。注意前面讲过的解题技巧。请同学们自己做一下。
(四) 完形填空1.C 根据后面句子“他们总是互相照顾”可知选C。
2.A 他们“从早到晚地”劳作,故选A。
3.B 他们从地里收获谷物,所以“在地里”劳作,故选B。
4.A 根据上文“please don't tell him”可知“如果他知道了,就不会接受”。所以选A。
5.D 根据上文内容可知一定是发现了奇怪的事情,所以选D。(四) 完形填空6.C 前后两个句子的意思明显表示转折,所以选C。
7.A 句意为“那是怎么发生的”。故选A。
8.D 根据之前的故事情节可知一定是口袋数量没有变化。所以选D。
9.D 他再一次去尝试,所以选D。
10.B 句意:在月光下,他看到路上另一个人走了过来。所以选B。
11.B 句意:那人的肩膀上也背着口袋。所以选B。(四) 完形填空12.D 根据下文可知弟弟认为“你的家庭更大,需要更多的大米”,应该是“担心”,所以选D。
13.C
14.B 句意:弟兄俩马上意识到了两人在互相送大米。故选B。
15.A 他们对能够拥有这样的兄弟感到高兴而大笑,所以选A。
最后,将答案放入原文中,从头到尾再读一遍,检查文章意思是否通畅,是否存在语法错误等。(四) 完形填空必须具备的基本知识和能力(1)必须掌握基本的英语语言知识
必须掌握大纲规定掌握的英语知识,如词汇、语法、句子结构、词法运用、词语辨析、固定搭配等知识。
(2)要具有分析和推理的能力
完形填空中前后句子之间存在着内在的逻辑关系,或为因果,或互相并列,或表示转折,或表示让步,或提出条件等。考生必须在熟练掌握基本语言知识的前提下,具备分析、推理、判断的能力才能选出正确答案。
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(四) 完形填空(3)应具备联想的能力
即考生根据测试题所提供的信息,充分运用自己所掌握的各种知识进行合理的想象。
(四) 完形填空