Module 2 Unit 4 Computers Period 2 Words 词汇拓展延伸 牛津上海版九年级英语上册 课件 (共17张PPT)

(共17张PPT)
Words
词汇拓展延伸
Unit4 Computers
1.bar n. 条，块
e. g. a bar of chocolate/soap 一条巧克力／肥皂
The kids never eat candy bars. 孩子们从来不吃糖棒。
【友情提示】bar还可表示“柜台”的意思。
e. g. It was so crowded I couldn't get to the bar. 人太多了，我无法挤到柜台那儿。
2. tiny adj. 很小的，微小的
e. g. Ants are tiny insects. 蚂蚁是十分微小的昆虫。
Look! There is tiny worm moving towards me. 看！有只小虫向我爬来。
3. depend v. 依靠，依赖
e. g. Try to guess. Do not depend on your dictionary all the time. 猜猜看。不要总是依赖你的字典。
【知识拓展】That depends. [口]要看情况而定。
It all depends. [口]要看情况而定。
You may depend upon it. [口]肯定无疑；放心好了。
4. realize v. 意识到，认识到
e. g. I didn’t realize you were going to leave. 我不知道你准备走了。
Jackie realized that he had done wrong. 杰克意识到自己错了。
【指点迷津】realize, understand
realize与understand是近义词，共同的含义是“意识到，弄明白”常常可以互换使用。
e. g. But they don't realize/understand one important thing. 但是有一件重要的事他们不明白。
The man laughed when he realized/understood what had happened. 那个人明白所发生的事情时便哈哈大笑了起来。
另外，realize可以表示“实现”。
e. g. The Chinese people are sure to realize the modernization of their country. 中国人民必将实现国家现代化。
而understand还可以表示“听懂，理解”。
e. g. The English understand each other, but I don't understand them.
英国人说话都能互相听懂，可是他们讲话我却听不懂。
5. super超级的，极好的
e. g. My father is a super cook. 我父亲是个很好的厨师。
Thank you for inviting me here. We really had a super time.谢谢你邀请我到这里来。我们真的度过了一段美好的时光。
You have done a super job, my dear son. 我亲爱的儿子，你做得真好。
【近义】great adj. 伟大的，非常的 excellent adj. 卓越的，极好的
6. rarely adv. 很少的，罕有的
e. g. People rarely eat snake in England. 英国人很少吃蛇。
They can calculate very fast and rarely give wrong answers. 他们能计算得很快并且很少犯错误。
【友情提示】rarely的频繁程度要比seldom低，但比hardly ever高。
7. type v.（用文字处理系统或打字机）打字，打印
e. g. I can't type as rapidly as you. 我打字打得没你那么快。
Every day he typed what he composed. 他每天都用打字机把他创作的作品打下来。
【知识拓展】type还可以表示“类型，典型”。
e. g. The type of skirt is all the go. 这种裙子很时髦。
He is a fine type of the youth. 他是青年人的一个典范。
type在解释为“典型”时，它的形容词形式是typical。
e. g. The picture is typical of its kind. 这幅画在同类绘画中有代表性。
8. importantly adv. 重大地；重要地
e. g. More importantly, we should use the computers to improve our studies.
更重要的是，我们应该使用电脑采提高我们的学习。
【知识拓展】unimportantly adv.不重要地 important adj. 重要的；重大的 importance n. 重要性
9. operate v.
(1)操作；运转
e. g. Do you know how to operate this new recorder 你知道如何使用这部新的录音机吗？
Nearly all the tractors operate on diesel oil. 几乎所有的拖拉机都用柴油开动。
(2) 动手术
e. g. The doctors operated on her stomach. 医生给她的胃动了手术。
【友情提示】“给某人做手术”常用词组operate on sb。
e. g. Did you operate on that patient 你给那位病人做手术了吗？
10. meaning n. 意义，含义
e. g. It doesn't seem to have much meaning.似乎无多大意义。
【知识拓展】mean v. 意谓，用意 meaningful adj. 意味深长的 meaningless adj. 无意义的
11. true adj. 符合事实的，确实的，如实的，真实的
e. g. All the rumours turned out to be true. 所有的传闻结果都确有其事。
【知识拓展】true的反义词是false。
e. g. The actor in role of an old man wears false whiskers. 扮演老头的演员戴着假胡子。
12. raise v. 提出
e. g. I wanted to raise a question to the chairman but in a moment I lost my nerve.
我想向会议主席提一个问题，但立刻我又没有了勇气。
【知识拓展】我们还学过这个词的一些其他用法。
e. g. Please raise your hands if you have questions. 有问题请举手。
We will raise some money for SPCA. 我们将为动物保护协会集资。
People often raise dogs as their pets. 人们常将狗作为宠物来饲养。
与raise词形比较接近的一个词是rise，意为“上升，升起”，是不及物动词，过去式、过去分词为rose, risen。
e. g. What causes sea level to rise 什么引起海平面上升？
The sun rises in the east. 大阳从东方升起。
13. obey v. 服从，遵守；顺从
e. g. He had always obeyed his parents without question. 他对父母一向绝对服从。
All I had to do now was to obey him in silence. 这时，我要做的只是默默地服从他。
14. program
(l) n. 程序
e. g. All these programs are software. 所有的这些程序都是软件。
(2) v. 编程
e. g. Please program the computer to do the job instead of manual operation.
请给电脑编制一个程序，以便进行这项工作代替手工操作。
【知识拓展】programmer n.（计算机）程序编制员，程序设计师
mand n. 指令; 命令
e. g. The computer will obey your commands quickly. 计算机能够很快的听从你的指令。
【知识拓展】command还可作动词，表示“命令”。
e. g. He commanded his man to retreat. 他命令手下撤退。
She commanded the release of the prisoners. 她下令释放囚犯。
command较正式用词，强调权威性、全局性和强制性。
order: 普通用词，侧重指具体的命令。
direction: 正式用词，指口头或书面的指示或命令。内容不一定详尽，语气较缓和，不太强调强制性。也可指指导性的说明。
instruction:书面用词，指不容违反、不容推翻的命令。也多指包含具体说明的指示。
16. drive n. 驱动器
e. g. hard-disk drive硬盘驱动器 floppy-disk drive软盘驱动器 CD-ROM drive光盘驱动器
17. over超过
e. g. The girl donated over 100 books to the children in Wenchuan district.
那个女孩子向汶川地区的孩子们捐赠了100多本书。
The old man is over 90. 这位老人90多岁了。
【知识拓展】在初中阶段，over用作介词的用法还有：
(1)在……之上(反义词是under)
e. g. There is a bridge over the river. 河上有一座桥。
(2)遍及
e. g. There are trees all over our school. 我们学校遍地是树。
You should go over your lessons carefully. 你应该仔细地复习功课。
(3)over prep.（指时间）在……期间
e. g. I stayed at home over the holidays. 假期中，我一直在家。
18. writing n. 作品，著作；笔迹
e. g. the writings of Lu Xun 鲁迅的作品
I can never read your writing. 我怎么也看不明白你的笔迹。
【近义】works n. 作品
【知识拓展】write v. 写，写作 writer n. 作家
Using
1．Who is the (tall) in your class
2．Asking questions is one of the （easy）ways to lead you to active learning.
3．As is known to all, China has the （big）population around the world.
4．Young children need to sleep at (little) nine hours every night. Enough sleep is very important.
5．Some students usually sleep (little) than six hours at night.
6．Lina was looking forward to (write) to her pen pal when she got home from her journey.
7．We are looking forward to (raise) some cute pet dogs.
8．You can look up the (mean) of the word in the dictionary.
9．We seem to have forgotten the true of Christmas.(mean)
10．Jackie is good at (type) the words at a fast speed.
11．When he stood up, they realized that he was even (tall) than they had thought.
12．Why not find a job and end your on your parents (depend)
13．The (long) river in Africa is the Nile.
14．The more carefully you check your paper, (good) grades you will get.
15．I like watching TV and one of my favourite (program) is Animal World.
Keys
1．tallest
【详解】句意：谁是你班上最高的？根据“in your class”可知表示范围，此处应使用最高级形式，tall“高的”，形容词，最高级为tallest。故填tallest。
2．easiest
【详解】句意：提问是引导你积极学习的最简单方法之一。此处是结构one of the+最高级+名词复数“最……的……之一”，easy的最高级是easiest“最简单的”。故填easiest。
3．biggest
【详解】句意：众所周知，中国是世界上人口最多的国家。根据“around the world”可知，此处是和全世界的国家作比较，所以用big的最高级biggest。故填biggest。
4．least
【详解】句意：小孩子每晚至少需要睡9个小时。充足的睡眠是非常重要的。at least“至少”，空格处应填入little的最高级least“最少的”，故填least。
5．less
【详解】句意：有些学生晚上通常睡不到六个小时。根据“than”可知应用little的比较级less。故填less。
6．writing
【详解】句意：当琳达从旅行中回家的时候，她正期待着给她的笔友写信。look forward to doing“期待做某事”，根据所给词汇可知，用动名词writing作宾语。故填writing。
7．raising
【详解】句意：我们期待着养一些可爱的宠物狗。look forward to doing sth“期待做某事”，使用动名词作宾语，故填raising。
8．meaning
【详解】句意：你可以在字典里查这个词的意思。the meaning of“……的含义”。故填meaning。
9．meaning
【详解】句意：我们似乎忘了圣诞节的真正意义。形容词true后应填名词；mean的名词形式是meaning，意为“意义”。故填meaning。
10．typing
【详解】句意：Jackie擅长用很快的速度来打字。be good at doing sth“擅长做某事”。故空格处用动名词。故填typing。
11．taller
【详解】句意：当他站起来时，他们意识到他甚至比他们想的更高。根据空前程度副词even“甚至”以及空后than“比较”可知，此处是两者进行比较，空处要用形容词tall的比较级形式taller。故填taller。
12．dependence
【详解】句意：为什么不找一份工作并且结束对你父母的依赖呢？根据“your”可知此处应填名词，depend“依赖”，动词，其名词dependence“依赖”符合语境，此处作不可数名词，故填dependence。
13．longest
【详解】句意：非洲最长的河流是尼罗河。根据“The...river in Africa is the Nile.”可知，尼罗河是非洲最长的河流，根据“in Africa”可知，比较范围是三者及以上，用最高级，故填longest。
14．the better
【详解】句意：你越仔细检查你的试卷，你就会获得越好的成绩。根据“The more carefully you check your paper”可知此处考查the+比较级，the+比较级的句型，表示“越……就……”。good的比较级是better，故填the better。
15．programs
【详解】句意：我喜欢看电视，我最喜欢的节目之一是《动物世界》。根据“one of”可知，空格处用名词复数，故填programs。
Using
16．As we all know, the weather in southwest China is (dry) than any other time in history.
17．Mark is (smart) than his cousin, but less hard-working.
18．The building over there is than this one. (height)
19．I just started (write) my poem.
20．When I got to the hospital, doctors on the sick man.（operate）
21．The doctors are performing an (operate) on the boy.
22．Most , he will learn a lesson from what he did. (important)
23．I think that math is one of （important）subjects in middle school.
24．We’re happy to see our city is developing (quick) than before.
25．—Why didn’t you answer my call yesterday
—Sorry, I (type) a letter.
26．I would like (depend) on my own ability to finish the task.
27．It’s harmful to (dependence) too much on mobile phones.
28．I have never seen a (tiny) person than this. How unbelievable!
29．A human cell is ten times (tiny) than the width of your hair.
30．Do you know this is the world’s (tiny) camera
Keys
16．drier
【详解】句意：正如我们所知道的一样，中国西南的天气比历史上任何时候都更干。根据“than”可知，应是比较级，所以横线上是drier。故填drier。
17．smarter
【详解】句意：马克比他的表哥聪明，但工作不那么努力。根据“than”可知此处用比较级smarter“更聪明的”。故填smarter。
18．higher
【详解】句意：那边的那座楼比这座高。根据“is ... than”可知，空处用形容词的比较级，height的形容词为high，其比较级是higher“更高的”。故填higher。
19．writing
【详解】句意：我刚刚开始写诗。start doing sth“开始做某事”，空处用动名词作宾语。故填writing。
20．were operating
【详解】句意：当我到达医院时，医生正在给病人做手术。根据“When I got to the hospital, doctors”可知句子是过去进行时，表示过去正在发生的动作，结构为was/were+动词的现在分词，主语doctors是复数，be动词用were，故填were operating。
21．operation
【详解】句意：医生们正在给男孩动手术。operate“开刀，动手术”，动词。an后面用名词，operate的名词为operation。故填operation。
22．importantly
【详解】句意：最重要的是，他将从他的所作所为中吸取教训。important是形容词，此处是修饰一句话，应用副词。故填importantly。
23．the most important
【详解】句意：我认为数学是中学最重要的科目之一。“one of the+最高级+名词复数”表示“最……之一”，空格处应用important的最高级the most important，故填the most important。
24．more quickly
【详解】句意：我们很高兴看到我们的城市比以前发展得更快了。根据“developing”可知，此处用副词“quickly”修饰动词，又由than可知，此处用副词比较级形式“more quickly”，意为“更快”。故填more quickly。
25．was typing
【详解】句意：——你昨天为什么不接我的电话？——对不起，我在打一封信。根据“yesterday”可知，这里表示我昨天那时候正在打一封信，因此用过去进行时态，主语是“I”，因此be动词为was，type现在分词为typing。故填was typing。
26．to depend
【详解】句意：我想要依靠我自己的能力完成这项任务。“would like to do”想要做某事，所以横线上是to depend。故填to depend。
27．depend
【详解】句意：过分依赖手机是有害的。dependence“依靠，依赖”，是名词，depend“依靠，依赖”，是动词，It is+形容词+to do sth表示“做某事是……的”，it是形式主语，to do sth是真正主语，此处用动词原形，故填depend。
28．tinier
【详解】句意：我从未见过比这个更小的人。真难以置信！根据than可知，此空应填比较级，否定词never+比较级等于最高级的用法，表示“没有比……更……的了”。故填tinier。
29．tinier
【详解】句意：人类细胞比头发的宽度还要小十倍。根据“than”可知此处用tiny的比较级tinier。故填tinier。
30．tiniest
【详解】句意：你知道这是世界上最小的照相机吗？分析句子结构可知，空前为the world’s“世界上的”，为比较范围，三者及以上，用最高级tiniest“最小的”，修饰名词camera“照相机”。故填tiniest。
Using
“Wild Man of shennongjia（神农架）” has long been a mystery to people. Since the 1970s, many local people have sighted the wild man in the area. From 1976 to 1981, the Chinese scientists had made three scientific expeditions（科学考察）during which they only found some indirect evidence. But recently Chinese scientists are again becoming excited 31 the fact that a large hairy animal may live in central China. Now they hope it won’t be too long before they are able to 32 its existence（存在）. Their confidence is the result of a new discovery of the mystery animal in Hubei Province.
Ten Chinese engineers, enjoying a holiday in a National Forest Park, were driving down a road. As their bus turned a corner, the men were 33 amazed by what they saw. Three tall animals, covered with long black hair, were crossing the road. On seeing the animal, the engineers immediately stopped and ran after them. However, when they saw how the animals moved 34 the forest with great speed and strength, they did not dare to follow any further.
A．suddenly B．through C． about D．missed E. prove
Using
However, scientists are delighted by the discovery, because the engineers were all very educated people and scientists feel they can 35 what they described.
After the discovery, scientists returned to the forest and 36 some hair and measured footprints. About 20 inches appears to be the animal’s foot! Chinese scientists have now set up a special group to exchange information and make a 37 of the forest. But in the meantime, some people 38 to believe that this half-man, half-monkey exists. They will not believe that it is real until one of the animals have been caught.
A．collected B．study C． refuse D．rely on E. look at
Keys
31．C 32．E 33．A 34．B 35．D 36．A 37．B 38．C
【导语】本文讲述了科学家们对“神农架野人”的探究。
31．句意：但最近，中国科学家再次对一种大型多毛动物可能生活在中国中部的事实感到兴奋。根据“the fact that a large hairy animal may live in central China”及备选词可知，这里指对这一事实感到兴奋，be excited about意为“对……感到兴奋”，故选C。
32．句意：现在他们希望不用太久就能证明它的存在。根据“Their confidence is the result of a new discovery of the mystery animal in Hubei Province.”及备选词可知，这里指证明它的存在，prove意为“证明”，是动词，be able to do sth.意为“能做某事”，故选E。
33．句意：当他们的巴士转弯时，这些人突然被他们看到的景象惊呆了。根据“amazed by what they saw”及备选词可知，这里指突然被他们看到的景象惊呆了，suddenly意为“突然地”，故选A。
34．句意：然而，当他们看到这些动物如何以极快的速度和力量在森林中穿行时，他们不敢再继续跟随。根据“…the forest with great speed and strength”及备选词可知，这里指在森林中穿行，through the forest意为“穿过森林”，故选B。
35．句意：然而，科学家们对这一发现感到高兴，因为工程师们都是受过良好教育的人，科学家们觉得他们可以依赖他们所描述的内容。根据“because the engineers were all very educated people”及备选词可知，这里指可以依赖他们所描述的内容，rely on意为“依赖，依靠”，情态动词后跟动词原形，故选D。
36．句意：发现后，科学家们回到森林，采集了一些头发并测量了足迹。根据“some hair and measured footprints”及备选词可知，这里指采集了一些头发，该句为一般过去时，所以此处应用动词过去式，collected意为“收集”，故选A。
37．句意：中国科学家现在已经成立了一个专门小组来交换信息并对森林进行研究。根据“Chinese scientists have now set up a special group to exchange information”及备选词可知，这里指对森林进行研究，make a study意为“做研究”，故选B。
38．句意：但与此同时，一些人拒绝相信这种半人半猴的存在。根据“But in the meantime…believe that this half-man, half-monkey exists”及备选词可知，这里指拒绝相信这种半人半猴的存在，该句为一般现在时，主语为复数形式，谓语动词用原形，refuse意为“拒绝”，故选C。