Unit 5 Period 3 Encyclopaedias Reading 课件(共52张PPT) 牛津上海版八年级英语上册同步精品课堂

(共52张PPT)
Unit5 Encyclopaedias
Reading
百科全书
Cartoon talk
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Is my encyclopaedia useful, Lo
Yes, Hi.
Very useful.
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Answer the following questions.
What is an enclopaedia
An enclopaedia is a book that gives you information about a lot of different things.
/ n sa kl 'pi:d /
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Answer the following questions.
What does Hi think Lo is probably doing
Does Lo find the book useful
In fact, what is Lo doing
What will Hi probably be like when he knows that Lo is standing on his encyclopaedia
He thinks that Lo is probably reading his encyclapaedia and finding out some information from it.
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Yes, he does.
In fact, he is standing on the encyclopaedia to change the light bulb.
Look it up!
May’s father bought her an encyclopaedia.
Here are three articles she found in it.
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Before you read
A Read the title and introduction on page 75. Then answer the questions.
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What is May reading
Who gave her the encyclopaedia
How many articles did she find in it
What does the title ‘look up’ probably mean
She is reading an encyclopaedia.
Her father gave her the encyclopaedia.
She found three articles in it.
‘Look up’ means ‘find the meaning or information about something in a dictionary or encyclopaedia’.
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B Now, look at the subtitles. In which volume
of the encyclopaedias did May find them
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May found them in Volume 2.
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C How are the items arranged in an
encyclopaedia
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DINOSAURS
……
DIOGENES
……
DISNEY, WALT
……
In alphabetical order.
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Before you read
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A What are these
dinosaurs
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B What do dinosaurs make you think of
Choose and think of some adjectives and tell your classmates about your ideas.
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large
small
fierce
gentle
powerful
weak
brave
shy
beautiful
ugly
harmful
harmless
/f s/
/'hɑ:mfl/
/'hɑ:ml s/
angry and dangerous
hurting or damaging something
not hurting or damaging something
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C1 You are going to read the first article
about dinosaurs. Try this quiz before you read it.
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You can find dinosaurs in zoos.
a true b false
Dinosaurs are all dead.
a true b false
Ancient men ate dinosaurs.
a true b false
Dinosaurs were all large and fierce animals.
a true b false
Some dinosaurs can fly.
a true b false
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C2 How much do you know about dinosaurs Say
something about them. If you do not know much, you can ask your classmates for help.
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While you read
A Do you know how people learn about dinosaurs’ lives in the past
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skeleton
/'skel tn/
footprints
/'f tpr nt/
eggs
B1 May is reading the article now.
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DINOSAURS
Dinosaurs lived on the Earth over sixty million years ago. This was a long time before people existed. Dinosaurs lived everywhere. Some were as small as chickens. Others were as big as ten elephants. Some dinosaurs even had wings and could fly.
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Many dinosaurs were harmless. They were as gentle as sheep and ate plants.
Others were harmful. They were fiercer than tigers and ate meat.
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Dinosaurs all died out suddenly. Nobody knows
why.
We know about the lives of dinosaurs from the skeletons, eggs and footprints they left behind. (See Earth History)
Passage
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B2 May found these pictures on the Internet.
Can you find sentence(s) in the article to match each picture
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Dinosaurs lived on the Earth over sixty million years ago.
Some were as small as chicken.
Some dinosaurs even had wings and could fly.
Others were harmful. They were fiercer than tigers and ate meat.
Dinosaurs all died out suddenly.
We know about the lives of dinosaurs from the skeletons, eggs and footprints they left behind.
>>> When did dinosaurs live on the Earth
>>> Where did dinosaurs live
>>> Were dinosaurs small or big
>>> Were all dinosaurs harmful
>>> How do people know about the lives of dinosaurs
D May is doing an online quiz. Help her answer
the questions.
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They lived on the Earth over sixty million years ago.
They lived everywhere on the Earth.
Some were small and others were big.
No. Some dinosaurs were harmless.
From the skeletons, eggs and footprints they left behind.
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After you read
A Surf the Internet and find more information about dinosaurs. Tell your classmates about the lives of dinosaurs on the Earth.
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B Complete the sentences with ‘harmful’,
‘harmless’, ‘careful’, ‘careless’, ‘useful’, ‘useless’, ‘helpful’ or ‘helpless’.
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________ people may cause hill fires in forests.
A dictionary is really a ________ tool book.
The map is really ________ in the village. It helps a lot.
You should always be ________ when crossing a road.
The knife is blunt. It’s ________ now.
It’s ________ to your eyes to read in the bus.
He is as ________ as a baby.
The dog seems fierce, but it’s ________.
Careless
useful
helpful
careful
useless
harmful
helpless
harmless
Before you read
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A May is reading the encyclopaedia article about a thinker — Diogenes. But she doesn’t know about him at all. So she surfed the Internet and found some more information about him.
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Diogenes lived in Greece.
Do you know where Greece is
□ In Asia
□ In Africa
□ In Europe
/' fr k /
/'j r p/
Greece

/ɡri:s/
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Diogenes was a great thinker from Greece. He took his lantern here and there to look for intelligent people …
/'θ k (r)/
A thinker is someone who thinks or reasons in a certain way
A lot of people laughed at him because he always lived in his …. But he didn’t mind at all.
□ house
□ jar
□ bag

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/ ɑ:(r)/
B May is reading the article now.
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DIOGENES
Diogenes was a famous thinker. He
lived in Greece about two thousand
years ago. He taught that the way to be happy was to own as few things as possible. All he owned was a big jar that he lived in, a coat, a bag and a cup. He was very happy. One day, Diogenes saw a boy drinking water from his hands by a fountain, so he threw away his cup and became even happier. (See Greece)
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After you read
A1 Someone called Diogenes ‘a dog’. Surf the Internet and find more information about him and tell why people called him ‘a dog’.
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A2 Once, Alexander the Great went to visit
Diogenes. He offered to help Diogenes. What do you think Diogenes said Give your reasons. Then surf the Internet to find the answers.
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B Have a debate. The FOR side thinks what
Diogenes said was right and the AGAINST side thinks that the way to be happy is to own as many things as possible.
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Before you read
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A May is very interested in cartoons. She has collected many pictures of cartoon characters. Do you know their names
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Mickey Mouse
Donald Duck
Snow White
Goofy
Pluto
cartoon characters
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B Who created these cartoon characters
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/kr 'e t/
Walt Disney
What else did Walt Disney create
Disneyland
is an amusement park.
/ 'mju:zm nt pɑ:k/
C1 How many Disneyland parks are there in the
world
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Disneyland in Los Angeles
Disneyland in Orlando
EuroDisney
Tokyo Disneyland
Hong Kong Disney
C2 There will be another Disneyland park in
Shanghai soon. What do you think it will be like
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While you read
A May has read the encyclopaedia article about Walt Disney. She would like to give us quizzes.
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B This is the first quiz. May wants us to
complete the paragraph with the words you have learned in ‘Before you read’.
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Disneyland is a famous (1)__________ (2)__________ in the USA. Disneyland was created by (3)__________ (4)__________ (1901 – 1966), who is famous for his cartoon (5)__________: Mickey (6)__________, Donald (7)__________, Goofy, (8)__________ White and many (9)__________.
amusement
park
Walt
Disney
characters
Mouse
Duck
Snow
others
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C Now the second quiz. May has mixed the
sentences together. Try to put them in the correct order.
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Disney left school.
Disney was born in the USA.
He sold newspapers and delivered mail.
He studied art at night.
He got a job that he really liked – drawing cartoons for films.
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Disney left school.
Disney was born in the USA.
He sold newspapers and delivered mail.
He studied art at night.
He got a job that he really liked – drawing cartoons for films.
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Disney was born in the USA. After leaving school, he sold newspapers and delivered mail. At the same time, he studied art at night. Finally he got a job that he really liked—drawing cartoons for films.
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Disney’s most famous cartoon character, Mickey Mouse, was a real mouse. It sometimes sat on Disney’s desk while he was working. Disney drew the mouse and put it in a cartoon. Soon Mickey became a star and Disney became rich and famous. (See Cartoons)
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Passage
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After you read
A Surf the Internet and find more information about Mickey Mouse. Tell your classmates how Mickey Mouse came into being.
B What is your favourite cartoon character
Discuss in your groups and tell your classmates and give your reasons.
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Using
Encyclopaedias can give you facts and information about all kinds of subjects. There are different kinds of encyclopaedias, such as encyclopaedia of science and encyclopaedia of music.
Do you know which encyclopaedia the following two articles are from
Philippe Bizot
Philippe Bizot is a famous Mime Master （哑剧大师） from France. He was born in 1967 and began learning mime when he was just eight years old. Since then, he has never stopped studying it. At the age of 20, he got the “International Paris Mime Prize”. In the past 30 years, he has given shows to people across the world. Bizot thinks living in a world without words makes people imagine. With no other things or conversations, Bizot gives the shows only by using his body, gestures and facial expressions（面部表情）.
Special Sea Animals
Do you know that not only the fish but also some animals live in the sea For example, the whale is not a fish. It can’t breathe in the water. It swims in the water. But it comes up for air. The blue whale is the world’s biggest animal. There are other sea animals too. One is called the dolphin. Dolphins need air to live. They breathe air as whales do. Dolphins are very clever.
They sometimes seem to speak to each other. Many other animals live near the sea. Seals and otters （水獭） love the sea. They swim and play there. They eat smaller fish and sea plants.
1．When did Bizot start to learn mime
A．In 1975. B．In 1985. C．In 1987. D．In 1997.
2．What does the underlined word “gestures” probably mean in Chinese
A．语言 B．手势 C．感受 D．态度
3．The second article probably comes from the encyclopaedia of ________.
A．plants B．planet C．animals D．nature
4．Which of the following is a fish
A．The dolphin. B．The whale. C．The otter. D．The shark.
5．Which of the following is NOT TRUE according to the passage
A．Encyclopaedias can give facts about science and music.
B．Bizot didn’t say any words when he was giving a show.
C．The fish swims in the water but can’t breathe in the water.
D．Seals and otters eat smaller fish and sea plants.
Keys
【答案】1．A 2．B 3．C 4．D 5．C
【导语】本文告诉百科全书能够为我们提供关于各种学科的事实和信息，并介绍了两篇来自百科全书的文章。一篇关于哑剧大师菲利普 比佐特，一篇关于海洋动物的。
1．细节理解题。根据“He was born in 1967 and began learning mime when he was just eight years old.”可知Bizot在8岁的时候就开始学习哑剧，也就是1975年。故选A。
2．词义猜测题。根据“Bizot thinks living in a world without words makes people imagine. With no other things or conversations, Bizot gives the shows only by using his body, gestures and facial expressions (面部表情).”可知，Bizot是一名哑剧大师，他通常通过身体、手势和面部表情来表演节目，可知推知“gestures”应是“手势”的意思。故选B。
3．推理判断题。根据“Do you know that not only the fish but also some animals live in the sea ”可知，第二篇文章主要介绍了生活在海洋里的一些动物。由此可知，这篇文章可能来自动物的百科全书，故选C。
4．细节理解题。根据“For example, the whale is not a fish… There are other sea animals too. One is called the dolphin…Many other animals live near the sea. Seals and otters (水獭)love the sea.”可知，海豚、鲸鱼、海豹是动物，不是鱼。由此可知，鲨鱼是鱼。故选D。
5．推理判断题。根据“For example, the whale is not a fish. It can’t breathe in the water. It swims in the water. But it comes up for air.”可知，鲸鱼不是鱼，它在水中游泳，不能在水中呼吸。但鱼却不是，它既能在水中游泳，也能在水中呼吸。C项说法错误，但符合题意。故选C。
Using
Some fish weigh more than a fridge. Some fish look like cows. Now, getting to know these very special creatures is becoming easier. On a new website (www.eol.org), called the Encyclopaedia of Life (EOL), you will find basic facts on about 30,000 species-or kinds-of fish.
But as surprising as 30,000 fish sounds, it’s just a baby step for the website. Its designers dream of making it the largest biological (生物学的) encyclopaedia ever, with a web page for every living specie.
Although there are already a lot of websites about living things, and a lot of encyclopaedias too, they’re not the best tools for scientists, say the encyclopaedia’s designers. Scientists need websites with information that has been double-checked by other scientists. A dream site would include links to all the basic research and also automatically (自动的) update itself as new research is published. Finally, even people who aren’t scientists should be able to use such a site to get to know what’s living in their backyards-or anywhere else in the world.
Think of it as one huge book that can keep growing in size—to millions of pages. If those pages were made of paper, the book would become large and heavy and hard to update. However, because it’s used online. Anyone who has a computer can search its pages easily. Moreover, those new pages can be added quickly.
6．What’s The Encyclopeadia of Life
A．An organization studying special species.
B．A website where people can find information of 30,000 fish.
C．A meeting where people discuss the research of the living things.
D．A large, heavy book which is a record of living things.
7．What is “a baby step” in paragraph 2
A．An important project. B．A difficult problem.
C．A new beginning. D．A tiny success.
8．What can be inferred (推测) from today’s websites and encyclopacdias about living things
A．They are not the best tools for scientists. B．They provide wrong information.
C．They seldom update the information. D．They are easy to search for information.
9．What’s the aim (目标) of the EOL designers
A．To make the encyclopaedia popular.
B．To provide description of every species.
C．To give correct information to the scientists.
D．To challenge the other websites and encyclopaedias.
10．Which one is the best title of this passage
A．A “Book” of life. B．A dream website.
C．An automatic encyclopaedia. D．A surprising tool.
Keys
【答案】6．B 7．D 8．C 9．B 10．A
【导语】本文主要介绍了一个关于提供每个生物的基本情况的网站。
6．细节理解题。根据“On a new website (www.eol.org), called the Encyclopaedia of Life (EOL), you will find basic facts on about 30,000 species-or kinds-of fish.”可知，它是一个人们可以找到约3万种鱼类的基本情况的网站。故选B。
7．词义猜测题。根据“Its designers dream of making it the largest biological (生物学的) encyclopaedia ever, with a web page for every living species.”可知，它的设计者梦想使它成为有史以来最大的生物学的百科全书，因此记录3万种鱼类的基本情况只是该网站一个小小的成功。划线单词表示“小小的成功”。故选D。
8．推理判断题。根据“Scientists need websites with information that has been double-checked by other scientists. A dream site would include links to all the basic research and also automatically (自动的) update itself as new research is published”可知，今天关于生物的网站和百科全书很少更新信息。故选C。
9．细节理解题。根据“Its designers dream of making it the largest biological (生物学的) encyclopaedia ever, with a web page for every living specie.”可知，设计者的目标是提供每个物种的描述。故选B。
10．最佳标题题。本文主要介绍了一个关于提供每个生物的基本情况的网站，因此最佳标题为“一本关于生命的‘书’”。故选A。
Using
During the Qingming Festival, Ann and her parents went back to their hometown. Ann knew nothing about the Qingming Festival. So she 11 her mother to buy her an encyclopaedia about 12 . Here’s an article about the Qingming Festival. The Qingming Festivalis in April. It’s really a good time for people to go outside and enjoy the 13 scenery of springtime and go to the graves (墓) of beloved ones. Since 2008, the Qingming Festival has been a 14 holiday in China.
The holiday is also called Tomb Sweeping Day in English, because people will go to the tombs and clean them on this day.
Along the River Duing the Qingming Festival is a famous 15 about this festival. It was drawn by Zhang Zeduan. People also 16 many poems about the Qingming Festival. Among them, the most 17 one may be Du Mu’s poem Qingming. After reading the article, Ann 18 the Qingming Festival better. Besides this, Ann also read the articles about other festivals, such as the Spring Festival, May Day and the National Day. She learned a lot from this encyclopaedia.
When Ann came back to school, she shared the experience with her 19 . And they have also found some meaningful things about the festival. They decided to study 20 and respect the old.
11．A．helped B．found C．asked D．introduced
12．A．animals B．festivals C．seasons D．plants
13．A．local B．beautiful C．empty D．expensive
14．A．practical B．secret C．public D．valuable
15．A．painting B．music C．book D．magazine
16．A．wrote B．sang C．laid D．heard
17．A．careful B．famous C．helpful D．boring
18．A．felt about B．talked about C．knew about D．cared about
19．A．parents B．classmates C．drivers D．sisters
20．A．quietly B．hard C．slowly D．quickly
Keys
【答案】
11．C 12．B 13．B 14．C 15．A 16．A 17．B 18．C 19．B 20．B
【导语】本文讲述了清明节期间，安和父母回老家，安对清明节一无所知，于是母亲给她买了一本关于节日的百科全书。这是一篇关于清明节的文章，除此之外，她还读了其他节日的文章，如春节、五一节和国庆节。
11．句意：于是她让妈妈给她买一本关于节日的百科全书。
helped帮助；found发现；asked问；introduced介绍。根据“So she...her mother to buy her an encyclopaedia”可知，安让妈妈给她买一本百科全书，故选C。
12．句意：于是她让妈妈给她买一本关于节日的百科全书。
animals动物；festivals节日；seasons季节；plants植物。根据“Here’s an article about the Qingming Festival.”可知，是关于节日的，故选B。
13．句意：对于人们来说，这真的是一个很好的时间去户外，享受春天美丽的风景，去亲人的坟墓。
local当地的；beautiful美丽的；empty空的；expensive昂贵的。根据“enjoy the...scenery of springtime”可知，是欣赏美丽的风景，故选B。
14．句意：自2008年以来，清明节成为中国的公共节日。
practical实际的；secret秘密的；public公共的；valuable有价值的。根据“Since 2008, the Qingming Festival has been a...holiday in China.”可知，2008年以来清明节成为中国的公共节日，故选C。
15．句意：《清明上河图》是一幅关于清明节的名画。
painting绘画；music音乐；book书；magazine杂志。根据“Along the River Duing the Qingming Festival is a famous...about this festival.”可知，《清明上河图》是一幅画，故选A。
16．句意：人们还写了许多关于清明节的诗。
wrote写；sang唱歌；laid放；heard听见。根据“People also...many poems about the Qingming Festival.”可知，是写诗，故选A。
17．句意：其中最著名的要数杜牧的《清明》了。
careful仔细的；famous出名的；helpful有帮助的；boring无聊的。根据“Among them, the most...one may be Du Mu’s poem Qingming.”可知，杜牧的《清明》很出名，故选B。
18．句意：看了这篇文章后，安对清明节有了更好的了解。
felt about摸索；talked about谈论；knew about了解；cared about关心。根据“After reading the article, Ann...the Qingming Festival better.”可知，读完文章，对清明更了解，故选C。
19．句意：当安回到学校后，她和同学们分享了这段经历。
parents父母；classmates同学；drivers司机；sisters姐妹。根据“When Ann came back to school, she shared the experience with her...”可知，回到学校，所以是跟同学分享，故选B。
20．句意：他们决定努力学习，尊重老人。
quietly安静地；hard努力地；slowly缓慢地；quickly迅速地。根据“They decided to study...and respect the old.”可知，是努力学习，故选B。
Using
The Encyclopaedia Britannica (大英百科全书) is a world-famous encyclopaedia. It is a collection of information about things humans know. It i 21 all kinds of subjects, such as science, history and so on.
Everything you learn from Encyclopedia Britannica is clear and correct. For example, if you are interested in the history of computers, you can find the answer in the book. It helps children and adults develop a love of learning! So it is becoming more and more p 22 all over the world.
Its first edition (版本) was published in the 18th c 23 , and since then, there have been 15 editions. The 15th edition is made up of 32 volumes (册子) with 40 million words on half a million topics. It can w 24 over 30 kilograms! And the price of it is about 3000 yuan, it is a little e 25 .
Today there is a DVD edition of the Britannica. You can also find it online.
Keys
【答案】21．(i)ncludes 22．(p)opular 23．(c)entury 24．(w)eigh 25．(e)xpensive
【导语】主要介绍了大英百科全书。
21．句意：它包括各种学科，如科学、历史等。根据“all kinds of subjects”可知，包括各种学科，结合首字母提示，且主语是第三人称单数，includes符合句意。故填(i)ncludes。
22．句意：所以它在全世界越来越受欢迎。根据“It helps children and adults develop a love of learning!”可知，是越来越受欢迎，结合首字母提示，popular符合句意。故填(p)opular。
23．句意：它的第一版于18世纪出版。根据“18th”可知，第一版于18世纪出版，结合首字母提示，century符合句意。故填(c)entury。
24．句意：它的重量可以超过30公斤！根据“can”可知，需要一个动词原形；再者根据“over 30 kilograms”可知，重量可以超过30公斤，结合首字母提示，weigh符合句意。故填(w)eigh。
25．句意：价格是3000元左右，有点贵。根据“And the price of it is about 3000 yuan”可知，价格有点贵，结合首字母提示，expensive符合句意。故填(e)xpensive。
Using
根据下列语篇和所给的首字母，写出所缺的单词，并注意正确形式(单复数等，每空只写一词)。
Here are some pieces of i 26 from an encyclopaedia.
Protozoa
Protozoa are the smallest a 27 . We can’t see them, but they do a lot for us. Protozoa are useful for fish and other animals. Some protozoa are good for human beings by eating dangerous bacteria(细菌). But some parasites make human beings ill.
Fish
There are over 20,000 different k 28 of fish. Some of them are very small, but some are big. For example, the whale shark is over 60 feet long. Most fish breathe through gills(鳃). Gills make them get o 29 in water. Most fish use fins and tails for swimming.
Amphibians
Amphibians have eggs in water, and young amphibians are like small fish. The tadpole lives in water. It has a tail and gills. So it can breathe under water. When it becomes a frog, it doesn’t have the gills or the tail, but then it has l 30 for walking on land. Most amphibians can both walk on land and swim in water.
Keys
【答案】26．(i)nformation 27．(a)nimals 28．(k)inds 29．(o)xygen 30．(l)egs
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了百科全书里的几种动物。
26．句意：这是一些来自百科全书的信息。根据“Here are some pieces of i...from an encyclopaedia.”和后文内容可知，介绍的是来自百科全书的信息，information“信息”符合语境，不可数名词，故填(i)nformation。
27．句意：原生动物是最小的动物。根据“Protozoa are the smallest a...”可知，原生动物是最小的动物，animal“动物”符合语境，此处表示复数含义，使用名词复数形式，故填(a)nimals。
28．句意：世界上有超过2万种不同的鱼。根据“There are over 20,000 different k...of fish.”可知，世界上有超过2万种不同的鱼。kind“种类”，此前有“20,000 different”修饰，使用名词复数形式，故填(k)inds。
29．句意：鳃使它们在水中获得氧气。根据“Most fish breathe through gills(鳃). Gills make them get o...in water.”可知，鱼用鳃在水中获得氧气，oxygen“氧气”符合语境，在动词后作宾语，故填(o)xygen。
30．句意：当它变成青蛙的时候，它没有鳃和尾巴，但是它有在陆地上行走的腿。根据“but then it has l...for walking on land”可知，青蛙有腿，可以在陆地上行走，leg“腿”符合语境，此处表示复数含义，使用名词复数形式，故填(l)egs。