Unit6 Going to school
Grammar :
课内语法精讲
1. be/live near some place 离/住得离某地近 My school is _______ my home. 我家离学校很近。 I live _______ my school. 我住得离学校很近。【答案】near near
2. be/live far (away) from some place 离/住得离某地远 The hospital is ________ ________ the supermarket. 这家医院离超市很远。 She lives ________ ________ the hospital. 她住得离医院很远。
【答案】far (away) from far (away) from
3. go to some place by + n. 乘某种交通工具去某地 = go to sp. in/on a/an/the + n. = take a/an/the + n. to sp. I usually go to the park by car. 我通常坐车去公园。 = I usually go to the park in a car. = I usually take a car to the park. She sometimes goes to work by bus. 她有时乘公交车去上班。 = She sometimes goes to work on a bus. = She sometimes takes a bus to work.
4. go to some place on foot = walk to some place 步行去某地
My father likes going to work on foot. 我爸爸喜欢步行去上班。 = My father likes walking to work.
5. how long = how much time (时间)多久 How long/How much time do you spend going over your English? 你花多少时间复习英语?
6. It takes sb. + 时间 + to do sth. 做某事花了某人多少时间
It took me half an hour to go over my lesson. 复习功课花了我半个小时。 = I spent half an hour on my lesson.
7. a few, some, a lot of
a few一些;some一些;a lot of许多
这些都是表示数量的单词或短语。a few用来修饰可数名词,表示肯定,意为“少数的;几个;一些”。例如:
I have a few books. 我有一些书。
some是不定量代词,意为“一些”,既可以修饰可数名词,也能修饰不可数名词,常用于肯定句,当用在特殊疑问句中时表示渴望得到对方的肯定回答。例如:
I'd like to have some milk for breakfast. 早餐我想喝一些牛奶。
-Would you like some water?你想要喝水吗?
-No, thank you. 不,谢谢。
a lot of是一个形容词性短语,意为“许多,大量”,修饰可数名词或不可数名词,常用于肯定句中。例如:
There are a lot of trees in this park. 这个公园里有大量的树。
Tom earns a lot of money by hard work. 汤姆通过努力工作挣了许多钱。
8. a lot of + 可数名词/不可数名词 many + 可数名词 much + 不可数名词 a lot of用在肯定句中,否定和疑问句中应换成相应的much或many。 There is a lot of fruit in the market. 市场里有很多水果。 There ________ ________ fruit in the market. 市场里没有很多水果。 There are a lot of cars in the street. 街上有很多汽车。 ________ there ________ cars in the street? 街上有很多汽车吗?【答案】isn’t much Are, many
9. on the way to some place 在去某地的路上 on one’s way to some place 在某人去某地的路上 on the/one’s way home/here/there 在某人/在回家/去这里/去那里的路上 (这几个短语中,home/here/there是副词,前面不加介词to) On the way to the Bund, he saw a girl singing at the underground station. 在去外滩的路上,他看见一个女孩在地铁站唱歌。 On my way home, I lost my school uniform. I was very sad. 在回家的路上,我丢了校服。我很沮丧。
10. 连词when(1) when意为“当……时候”。
以when引导的时间状语,主句用一般将来时,从句用一般现在时。例如:
I will come when he finishes the work. 他完成工作时我会来。
When I arrived, I saw him waiting at the station. 当我到达的时候,我看见他在车站等车。
(2) when当……时候,例如:
We must switch off the lights when we leave the classroom. 离开教室时,我们必须关灯。
When he was listening to the radio, someone knocked at the door. 在他听收音机的时候,有人敲门。
11.How questions:How问句:(l) How long does it take you to get to…? 你花多长时间到达…? 句中的how long用含有“多长时间”词语的问句来问时间长短。可以用It takes sb some time to do sth的句型来回答,也可以用for, since等引导的时间状语来回答。例如: ① -How long have you studied English?你学了多长时间英语? -I have studied English for ten months. 我学了10个月。② -How long did it take you to watch cartoons?你花了多长时间看卡通?-Two hours. 两小时。 (2) How does Simon go to school?西蒙怎样去上学? how用于询问交通工具。例如:① -How are we going to get there?我们怎么去那儿? -By bus.乘公交车。 ② -How does your son go to work every day?你儿子每天怎么去上班? -He goes to work on foot.他每天走路去上班.
Using
1.— Must I go now?
— No, you________. It’s early now.
A.don’t have to B.mustn’t C.can’t D.shouldn’t
2.My Mum will come to see me, ________ she will bring me something nice.
A.if B.but C.and D.when
3.---It is very dangerous to cross the road when the traffic lights are red.
---I can’t agree with you more, ________ a few people still do that.
A.and B.so C.but D.or
4.You make lunch, ________ I take care of(照顾) the baby.
A.but B.when C.after D.and
5.Communication is a ________ between the young and the old.
A.way B.road C.bridge D.boat
6.Mary wants to be a violinist someday. She tries her best to realize her ________.
A.thought B.wish C.dream D.score
7.—Do you usually go to school ________ bus or ________ foot?
—I walk to school.
A.by; on B.by; by C.on; by D.in; on
8.What time ________ your brother ________ breakfast every morning?
A.are, have B.is, have C.does, has D.does, have
9.—________ is it from here to the bus stop?
—About one minute’s walk.
A.How long B.How much C.How old D.How far
10.He wants to become a teacher. If he works hard, his dream will ________.
A.get up B.think of C.come true D.come in
Keys
1.A
【详解】句意:——我现在必须走吗?——不,你不必。现在还早。
考查情态动词的用法。don’t have to不必;mustn’t禁止;can’t不能;shouldn’t不应该。根据“Must I go now?”及下文回答“It’s early now.”可知,此处是你不必走,选项A符合题意,故选A。
2.C
【详解】句意:我妈妈会来看我,她会给我带来一些好东西。
考查连词辨析。if如果;but但是;and和,表承接;when什么时候。根据“will come to see me,”和“she will bring me something nice”可知,空格前后是顺承关系,故选C。
3.C
【详解】句意:——当红灯的时候穿过马路是危险的。——我再同意不过了,但是仍然有些人那样做。根据A. and和;B. so因此;C. but但是;D. or或者,否则;根据It is very dangerous to cross the road when the traffic lights are red和 I can’t agree with you more, 以及 a few people still do that之间的关系,可知是“但是”;故选C。
4.D
【详解】句意:你做午饭,我照看孩子。
but表示转折,when表示当….时候,after在….之后,and表示并列。由句意可知,前后两句是并列关系,故选D。
5.C
【详解】句意:沟通是年轻人和老年人之间的桥梁。
考查名词辨析,way方式;road路;bridge桥梁;boat小船。根据“between the young and the old”可知交流是一座桥梁。故选C。
6.C
【详解】句意:玛丽希望有一天能成为小提琴手。她尽她最大的努力去实现她的梦想。
考查名词辨析。thought想法;wish愿望;dream梦想;score分数。根据“Mary wants to be a violinist someday.”可知此处表示努力实现成为小提琴手的梦想。故选C。
7.A
【详解】句意:——你通常坐公交上学还是走路?——我走路去学校。
考查介词短语。by通过;on在……上;in在……里面;by bus表示“坐公交车”,中间不加冠词;on foot表示“走路”。故选A。
8.D
【详解】句意:你弟弟每天早上几点吃早餐?
考查时态、特殊疑问句。根据“every morning”可知句子是一般现在时,主语“your brother”是单数名词,句子含有实意动词,助动词用does,排除A和B;does后用动词原形,排除C。故选D。
9.D
【详解】句意:——从这里到公共汽车站有多远?——大约一分钟的路程。
考查特殊疑问句。How long多久;How much多少,多少钱;How old多大年纪;How far多远。根据“About one minute’s walk.”可知询问距离,用How far。故选D。
10.C
【详解】句意:他想成为一名教师。如果他努力学习,他的梦想就会实现。
考查动词短语辨析。get up起床;think of考虑;come true实现;come in进来。根据“If he works hard, his dream will”可知,如果努力学习,梦想就会实现,故选C。
Using
11.—When do you go to the park?
—________ Saturday ________ Sunday. I’m free this weekend.
A.Both; and B.Either; or C.Any, and D.Neither; nor
12.I have __________ homework to do and Julie has __________ books to read.
A.much; many B.many; many C.many; much D.much; much
13.It is raining hard, but the boy doesn’t stop _______ football in the playground.
A.to play B.played C.playing D.play
14.Two ________ students of our school are having a sports meeting now.
A.hundreds B.hundred of C.hundred D.hundreds of
15.Follow the teachers' instructions, __________ you may get hurt when exercising.
A.so B.or C.but D.and
16.—I want to be a teacher when I grow up.
—Work hard, ________ your dream will come true.
A.or B.but C.though D.and
17.I need to interview someone in a frozen fish factory ______ I want to find how fish is frozen.
A.because B.if C.when D.so
18.—Is there a park near here?????????????
—No, there isn’t. _____there is a post office.
A.And B.But C.So D.When
19.Last night, the shop was closed ________ she didn't buy any chocolate.
A.so B.if C.or D.when
20.—How much do you know about Qu Yuan?
—I know only ________, not too ________.
A.a few…many B.little…much C.a little…much D.few…many
Keys
11.B
【详解】句意:——你什么时候去公园?——星期六或星期天。这个周末我有空。
考查连词的用法。Both...and... “两者都”;Either...or... “(两者中)任一的,或者…或者…”;Any, and任何,和;Neither...nor... “既不…也不…”。根据"I will be free this weekend."可以判断周末哪一天都可以,所以用Either…or…意思是"或者…或者…",故选B。
12.A
【详解】句意:我有很多作业要做,朱莉有很多书要读。
考查代词辨析。much许多,修饰不可数名词;many许多,修饰可数名词复数;分析句子可知,homework是不可数名词,其前应使用much修饰;books是可数名词复数,其前应使用many修饰。故选A。
13.C
【详解】句意:雨下得很大,但男孩没有停止在操场上踢足球。
考查非谓语动词。play踢;play football“踢足球”;stop doing sth.“停止做某事”;stop to do sth.“停下来去做某事”;根据“It is raining hard,”可知,雨下得很大,但是男孩没有“停止踢足球”,此处使用stop doing sth.,表示“停止做某事”符合语境。故选C。
14.C
【详解】句意:我们学校的200名学生正在开运动会。
考查数词表达。表示确切的数量,用基数词+数词单数形式,所以此空应填hundred,故选C。
15.B
【详解】句意:遵照老师的指示做,否则你在运动的时候会受伤。
考查连词。so因此;or否则;but但是;and和。根据句意可知前后两句有选择关系,要么遵照指示,要么受伤。故选B。
16.D
【详解】句意:——我长大后想要成为一名教师。 ——努力工作,你的梦想将会实现。
考查连词辨析。or或者,否则;but但是;though虽然;and和。根据 “work hard”和 “your dream will come true”可知前后两个句子是顺承关系,用and,此处构成结构:祈使句,and+陈述句。故选D。
17.A
【详解】句意:我需要采访冷冻鱼工厂的工作人员,因为我想知道鱼是如何冷冻的。
考查连词辨析。because因为;if如果;when当……时候;so因此。根据“I need to interview someone in a frozen fish factory”和“I want to find how fish is frozen”可知,前后句为因果关系,前果后因,应用because连接。故选A。
18.B
【详解】此题考查连词,And 和,并且; But 但是; So 因此;When既然,当……时。句意:这儿附近有公园吗?——不,没有。但是有一家邮局。故选B。
19.A
【详解】试题分析:句意:昨天晚上那个商店关门了,因此她没买到巧克力。A. so因此,so后表示的是原因; B. if 如果; C. or或者; D. when当……时候。根据句意故选A。
考点:考查连词的用法。
20.C
【详解】句意:——你对屈原了解多少?——我只知道一点点,不太多。
考查代词辨析。a few一些,修饰可数名词;few几乎没有,修饰可数名词;a little一些,修饰不可数名词;little几乎没有,修饰不可数名词;many太多,修饰可数名词;much太多,修饰不可数名词。根据第一空“I know only...”可知,此处表示对屈原了解的知识,是指不可数名词,表示“知道一点”,用a little;第二空表示“不太多”,也是修饰不可数名词,用much。故选C。
Using
21.It ________ her ten minutes to go to school by bike.
A.take B.takes C.spends D.needs
22.We plan to ________ China in a car this summer. I am so excited!
A.cross B.make C.drop D.brush
23.The boy runs quickly to ________ up with his father.
A.love B.leave C.catch D.close
24.I’ve never seen so ________ snow before. Let’s make a snowman, shall we?
A.little B.many C.much D.few
25.Let Steven _________ you to the station.
A.drive B.drives C.drove D.will drive
26.We can save water ________ fixing a dripping tap.
A.by B.with C.through D.for
27.Don’t ________ your toys on the table, or I will throw them away.
A.make B.leave C.forget D.clean
28.—Jack is coming by ________ train tomorrow.
—Let’s go to ________ railway station to meet him.
A.a; the B./; a C./; the D.a; /
29.—Must I do my homework now?
—__________ You can do it tomorrow.
A.No, you needn’t. B.No, you mustn’t. C.Yes, you must. D.No, you doesn’t have to.
30.Keep an English diary,??______your English will improve.
A.or B.since C.when D.and
Keys
21.B
【详解】句意:她骑自行车上学要花十分钟。
考查动词辨析。take花费,动词原形;takes花费,第三人称单数形式;spends花费,主语通常为人;needs需要。根据题干,结合句意,可知本句考查固定句型:It takes/took sb some time to do sth,意为“做某事花费某人多少时间”,故选B。
22.A
【详解】句意:我们计划今年夏天开车横穿中国。 我太兴奋了!
考查动词辨析。cross穿越;make使;drop落下;brush刷。根据“China in a car”可知此处指开车穿越中国。故选A。
23.C
【详解】句意:男孩跑得很快,想赶上他的父亲。
考查动词辨析。love爱;leave离开;catch赶上;close关闭。根据“The boy runs quickly to ... up with his father.”可知,男孩跑得快的目的是想赶上他父亲;catch up“赶上,追上”,固定短语。故选C。
24.C
【详解】句意:我以前没有看到如此多的雪。我们来堆个雪人吧,好吗?
考查形容词辨析。little很少的,修饰不可数名词;many很多的,修饰可数名词复数;much很多,修饰不可数名词;few很少的,修饰可数名词复数。根据“Let’s make a snowman, shall we?”可知,能堆雪人所以有很多雪,且snow是不可数名词,因此用much修饰。故选C。
25.A
【详解】句意:让史蒂芬开车载你去火车站吧。
考查动词不定式作宾语补足语。根据“Let Steven”可知let sb do sth表示“让某人做某事”,此处do为省略to的不定式,作宾语补足语。故选A。
26.A
【详解】句意:我们可以通过修理滴水的水龙头来节约用水。
考查介词辨析。by通过,凭借;with和;through穿过,通过;for为了。根据“We can save water ... fixing a dripping tap.”可知,此处表示节水的方式是修理滴水的水龙头,“by+动名词”可用来表方法、方式、手段等。故选A。
27.B
【详解】句意:不要把你的玩具留在桌子上,否则我就把它们扔掉。
考查动词辨析。make制作;leave留下;forget忘记;clean打扫干净;根据“on the table”可知,此处表示“把玩具留在桌子上”,使用leave,表示“留下” 符合语境。故选B。
28.C
【详解】句意:——杰克明天乘火车来。——我们去火车站接他吧。
考查冠词。a、an 是不定冠词,表示泛指,都表示一个,a用于读音以辅音音素开头的单词前,an用于读音以元音音素开头的单词前,零冠词用于一些特殊的结构中;the表示特指。第一个空,by+交通工具,表示乘坐某种交通工具,中间不加冠词,A/D不正确;第二个空,特指火车站,用定冠词the,B不正确。故选C。
29.A
【详解】句意:——我必须现在做作业吗?——不,你不必。你可以明天做。
考查一般疑问句。根据“Must I do my homework now?”可知是含有must的一般疑问句,又根据“You can do it tomorrow.”可知是否定回答,含有must的一般疑问句,否定回答要用needn’t,故选A。
30.D
【详解】句意:坚持写英语日记,你的英语就会提高。
考查连词用法。or或者;since自……以后,因为;when什么时候;and和,与;就。根据Keep及“will improve”判断前后句为逻辑的递进关系,填and最恰当。故选D。