新概念英语第三册 Lesson 31 A lovable eccentric 讲义

Lesson 31A lovable eccentric
Part 1: Text
True eccentrics never deliberately set out to draw attention to themselves. They disregard social conventions without being conscious that they are doing anything extraordinary. This invariably wins them the love and respect of others, for they add colour to the dull routine of everyday life.
Up to the time of his death, Richard Colson was one of the most notable figures in our town. He was a shrewd and wealthy business-man, but the ordinary town-folk hardly knew anything about this side of his life. He was known to us all as Dickie and his eccentricity had become legendary long before he died. Dickie disliked snobs(势利小人) intensely. Though he owned a large car, he hardly ever used it, preferring always to go on foot. Even when it was raining heavily, he refused to carry an umbrella. One day, he walked into an expensive shop after having been caught in a particularly heavy shower. He wanted to buy a &300 fur coat for his wife, but he was in such a bedraggled condition that an assistant refused to serve him. Dickie left the shop without a word and returned carrying a large cloth bag. As it was extremely heavy, he dumped it on the counter. The assistant asked him to leave, but Dickie paid no attention to him and requested to see the manager. Recognizing who the customer was, the manager was most apologetic and 'reprimanded the assistant severely. When Dickie was given the fur coat, he presented the assistant with the cloth bag. It contained &300 in pennies. He insisted on the assistant's counting the money before he left 72,000 pennies in all! On another occasion, he invited a number of important critics to see his private collection of modern paintings. This exhibition received a great deal of attention in the press, for though the pictures were supposed to be the work of famous artists, they had in fact been painted by Dickie. It took him four years to stage this elaborate joke simply to prove that critics do not always know what they are talking about.
Part 2: New words and expressions
1.lovable ['l v bl] a.可爱的
2.eccentric [ik'sentrik] n.(行为)古怪的人
3.disregard ['disri'ga:d] v.不顾，无视
4.convention [k n'ven n] n.习俗，风俗
5.conscious ['k n s] a.感觉（意识）到的
6.invariably [in'v ri bli] ad.总是，经常地
7.routine [ru:'ti:n] n.常规；惯例; a.常规的
8.shrewd [ ru:d] a.精明的
9.eccentricity ['eksen'trisiti] n.怪癖
10.legendary ['led nd ri] a.传奇般的
11.snob [sn b] n.势利小人，谄上欺下的人
12.intensely ad.强烈地
13.bedraggled [bi'dr gld] a.拖泥带水的；又脏又湿的
14.dump [d mp] v.把……砰的一声抛下
15.apologetic [ p l 'd etik] a.道歉的
16.reprimand ['reprima:nd] v.训斥
17.stage [steid ] v.暗中策划
18.elaborate [i'l b rit] a.精心构思的；精致的

★lovable ['l v bl] a.可爱的
例句：Lucy is a lovely girl.
原词：love
★eccentric [ik'sentrik] n.(行为)古怪的人
eccentric behavior 古怪的行为
fairly/highly/unusually eccentric 非常古怪
slightly eccentric 有点古怪
eccentric in dress 衣着古怪
eccentric in one's habits 习性古怪
例句：He is an eccentric person.他是一个古怪的人。
He was eccentric in dress. 他衣着古怪
★disregard ['disri'ga:d] v.不顾，无视
in disregard of 不顾,无视
with disregard 不顾地
disregard for 不注意…
disregard lightly 轻视
disregard openly 公开忽视
disregard totally/utterly 全然无视
例句：You can't just disregard the security problem.
你可不能忽视安全问题。
regard加前缀dis，否定含义
★convention [k n'ven n] n.习俗，风俗
attend/hold a convention 出席/召开会议
break with convention 打破常规
annual convention 年会
social convention 社会习俗
at the convention of 在…会议上
例：At the recent convention a declaration was adopted.
在最近举行的大会上通过了一项宣言。
curstom，tradition
custom 历史悠久的社会习俗,不受时间影响
e.g: It is a custom of giving presents at Christmas.
tradition 传统,比custom有更悠久的历史
e.g: Spending Christmas day is a tradition for western people.
★conscious ['k n s] a.感觉（意识）到的
1.be conscious to the last 临终时仍很清醒
2.be conscious of 意识到的,知道的
例句：He was conscious of his guilt. 他自知有罪。
3.be conscious that+句子
I am conscious that I have done right.
我相信自己做得不错。
★invariably [in'v ri bli] ad.总是，经常地
e.g: an invariable temperature 恒温
★routine [ru:'ti:n] n.常规；惯例; a.常规的
1.n. 常规；惯例
break the routine 打破常规
build/establish a routine 建立常规〔程序〕
change a routine 改变惯常的做法
follow the (old) routine 墨守成规
例句：They did it as a matter of routine.
他们那样做只是例行公事。
2.adj. 常规的；例行的；
routine duties 日常职责
routine procedure 常规程序
routine report 例行报告
例句：It's just a routine medical examination; nothing to get worried about.
这只是例行的体格检查,没有什么可担心的。
★shrewd [ ru:d] a.精明的
shrewd argument 高明的论点
shrewd dealer 精明的商人
shrewd plan 高明的计划
shrewd politician 精明的政治家
例句：Her brother is a shrewd businessman.她兄弟是个精明的生意人。
★eccentricity ['eksen'trisiti] n.怪癖
His eccentricity had become legendary long before he died.
在他去世之前他的古怪脾气就早已闻名遐尔了。
I can't understand the eccentricity of Henry's behavior.
我不理解亨利的古怪举止。
★legendary ['led nd ri] a.传奇般的
1.e.g.He is a legendary hero.他是个传奇式的英雄。
2.n.legend
There are many legends in China.中国有许多传说。
★snob [sn b] n.势利小人，谄上欺下的人
snob effect 逆反效应
e.g.Every one begrudged helping this snob.
每个人都不愿意帮助这势利小人。
He is a snob of the first water. 他是个头号势利小人。
★intensely ad.强烈地
1.e.g.Shorter men often express themselves more intensely than those of normal height.较矮的男人通常比正常身高的男人更强烈地表现自我。
2.intend adj. 强烈的
intense cold 严寒
intense heat 酷暑
intense discussion 激烈的讨论
3.intensive adj. 加强的，强烈的
an intensive English course
★bedraggled [bi'dr gld] a.拖泥带水的；又脏又湿的
e.g: He looked weary and bedraggled.
★dump [d mp] v.把……砰的一声抛下
dump a load of gravel 倾卸一车沙砾
dump down 砰地放下
be dumped from 被解雇
dump into 倾销
dump on（upon） 将…卸在某地,投放
e.g.They dump surplus goods abroad.他们向国外倾销过剩货物。
Where can I dump the rubbish 我把这堆垃圾倒在哪里好呢
★apologetic [ p l 'd etik] a.道歉的
be apologetic about ...
He was apologetic about his late arrival.
apologize v.道歉
apologize to sb. for sth. 为某事向某人道歉
apology n. 道歉
make an apology to sb. for sth. 为某事向某人道歉
owe sb. an apology 欠某人一个道歉
★reprimand ['reprima:nd] v.训斥
reprimand sb. for sth.（很正式的）
I was reprimanded by my manager for being late.
blame 责备（语气程度很弱）
blame sb. for sth.
e.g: The teacher blamed him for his coming late.
scold 斥责（语气稍重一点）
e.g: Don't scold me for such a trifle.
reproach 斥责
e.g: He often reproached his children.
reprimand v./n. 严厉斥责；谴责 (语气最强)
e.g: The boss reprimanded his employees severely.
★stage [steid ] v.暗中策划
stage an art show 举办艺术展
stage a charity football game 举办足球义赛
stage a comeback 复出
stage a new play 上演新剧
n. 舞台
historical stage 历史舞台
movable stage 可转动的舞台
political stage 政治舞台
retire from the stage 退出舞台
set the stage 布置舞台
take to the stage 登台,当演员
★elaborate [i'l b rit] a.精心构思的；精致的
It's an elaborate design. 这是一种精心的设计。
The matter is so elaborate that we can't solve it.
这事情太复杂,我们解决不了。
v. 精心制作
elaborate literary works 精心编辑文学作品
elaborate a plan 制订计划
Part 3: Notes on the text
★True eccentrics never deliberately set out to draw attention to themselves.
1.set out to 打算，着手做某事
=set out doing sth
2. draw attention to s b. 吸引某人的注意
pay attention to sb/sth
pay no attention to sb/sth
★They disregard social conventions without being conscious that they are doing anything extraordinary.
1. disregard 见单词解析
2. be conscious that+句子
3.social conventions 世俗
★This invariably wins them the love and respect of others, for they add colour to the dull routine of everyday life.
1.win respects and love of sb 赢得关爱和尊重
2.for 引导原因状语从句
3.add color to the dull life 为枯燥的生活增加色彩
★Up to the time of his death, Richard Colson was one of the most notable figures in our town.
up to的用法
1. “ up to ”意为“多达。。。。”。
e.g: I can take up to five people in my car.
2. “ up to ”意为“不多于，不迟于”。
e.g: Read up to page 78.
3. “ up to ”意为“可与某事物相比，比得上”。
e.g: As a doctor， he is not up to Mr. Smith.
4. “ up to ”意为“有某种能力的，能胜任的”。
e.g: He's not up to his work.
5. “ up to ”意为“从事于，忙于”。
e.g: What's he up to？
6. “ up to ”意为“由 决定，由 负责”。
e.g: It's up to you whether you accept the present or not.
7. “ up to ”意为“（时间）直到”。
e.g: Up to now he's been quiet.
8. “ up to ”后面接表示时间、日期的名词时，意为“跟得上形势，时髦”。
e.g: Most of her clothes are up to date.
9. “ up to ”后面接表示刻度、标准的词语时，意为“达到某种要求或水平”。
e.g: Is their spoken English up to the company's standard？
★He was a shrewd and wealthy business-man, but the ordinary town-folk hardly knew anything about this side of his life. He was known to us all as Dickie and his eccentricity had become legendary long before he died. Dickie disliked snobs(势利小人) intensely.
1.be known to 众所周知
be knows to sb as····作为····被人所熟知
2. snobs 见单词解析
★Though he owned a large car, he hardly ever used it, preferring always to go on foot. Even when it was raining heavily, he refused to carry an umbrella.
1.prefer to do 宁愿...prefer doing to doing
= prefer to do rather than do(二者相比)宁愿做...
2.refused to do sth 拒绝做某事，不愿意做····
★One day, he walked into an expensive shop after having been caught in a particularly heavy shower. He wanted to buy a &300 fur coat for his wife, but he was in such a bedraggled condition that an assistant refused to serve him.
1. be caught in 突然遇到，碰上
be caught in a heavy snow 突遇大雪
2.such+名词+that+句子
so+adj.+that +句子
二者都表示如此·····以至于的含义。
e.g: He is such a clever boy that everybody likes him.
=He is so clever a boy that everybody likes him.
★Dickie left the shop without a word and returned carrying a large cloth bag. As it was extremely heavy, he dumped it on the counter. The assistant asked him to leave, but Dickie paid no attention to him and requested to see the manager. Recognizing who the customer was, the manager was most apologetic and 'reprimanded the assistant severely.
1.as 引导原因状语从句
2. dump 参考单词解析
3. ask sb to do sth 要求某人做某事
4.pay no attention to sb. 不理会某人
5.request sb to do sth 要求某人做某事
demand 在语气上还要强烈，并且不愿意接受否定的回答
e.g: I demand my rights.
ask 口头或写信要求得到某物
e.g: He asked me for help.
6. recognizing 动名字做逻辑主语
★When Dickie was given the fur coat, he presented the assistant with the cloth bag. It contained &300 in pennies.
present sb with sth / present sth to sb 把某物交给某人(比较正式)
hand sth to sb/ hand sb sth 把某物递给某人
present 呈给，献给，颁奖
★He insisted on the assistant's counting the money before he left 30,000 pennies in all! On another occasion, he invited a number of important critics to see his private collection of modern paintings.
1.insist on doing sth 坚持做某事
insist that + should do 接句子
He insisted that the shop assistant should count the money before he left.
2.On another occasion 还有一次，另一次
3. a number of+名词复数 许多，大量的
★This exhibition received a great deal of attention in the press, for though the pictures were supposed to be the work of famous artists, they had in fact been painted by Dickie.It took him four years to stage this elaborate joke simply to prove that critics do not always know what they are talking about.
1. for 引导原因状语从句
2.be supposed to 被认定为
3.It takes/took sb. +时间+to do sth 花费某人多少时间做某事
4. the press 新闻界
Part 4: Grammar&Difficult points
动名词的逻辑主语
1.动名词的逻辑主语（动作的发出者）一般用名词所有格（’s）或物主代词（my，your，his，her，our，their）充当。这种用名词所有格或物主代词＋动名词构成的形式叫复合结构。如：
Would you mind my opening the window？你介意我打开窗户吗？
Would you mind opening the door？请把门打开。
第一句是我来开窗，第二句是你来开门。）
2.在口语中和非正式文体中常用人称代词宾格作动名词的逻辑主语。如：
The doctor suggested them having their health check-up once a year.
医生建议他们每年检查一次身体。
★例句：
你介意汤姆抽烟吗？Would you mind Tom/Tom’s smoking
你介意我抽烟吗？ Would you mind me/my smoking
Tom’s coming is what we have expected.
His coming is what we have expected.
★ 如果名词是表示无生命事物时，只用“名词的普通格(名词)+doing”，不用名词的所有格。
Can you hear the noise of the machine running
你能听到机器运转的声音吗？
Part 5: Homework
1.背诵lesson 31单词&课文（重点语句解析需背诵）
2.重点词记忆
3.练习总结课文