新概念英语第三册 Lesson 22 Daniel Mendoza 讲义

Lesson 22Daniel Mendoza
Part 1: Text
Some plays are so successful that they run for years on end. In many ways, this is unfortunate for the poor actors who are required to go on repeating the same lines night after night. One would expect them to know their parts by heart and never have cause to falter. Yet this is not always the case.
A famous actor in a highly successful play was once cast in the role of an aristocrat who had been imprisoned in the Bastille for twenty years. In the last act, a gaoler would always come on tothe stage with a letter which he would hand to the prisoner. Even though the noble was expected to read the letter at each performance, he always insisted that it should be written out in full. One night, the gaoler decided to play a joke on his colleague to find out if, after so many performances, he had managed to learn the contents of the letter by heart. The curtain went up on the final act of the play and revealed the aristocrat sitting alone behind bars in his dark cell. Just then, the gaoler appeared with the precious letter in his hands. He entered the cell and presented the letter to the aristocrat. But the copy he gave him had not been written out in full as usual. It was simply a blank sheet of paper. The gaoler looked on eagerly, anxious to see if his fellow-actor had at last learnt his lines. The noble stared at the blank sheet of paper for a few seconds. Then,squinting his eyes, he said: 'The light is dim. Read the letter to me.' And he promptly handed the sheet of paper to the gaoler. Finding that he could not remember a word of the letter either, the gaoler replied: 'The light is indeed dim, sire. I must get my glasses.' With this, he hurried off the stage. Much to the aristocrat's amusement, the gaoler returned a few moments later with a pair of glasses and the usual copy of the letter which he proceeded to read to the prisoner.
Part 2: New words and expressions
1.run [r n] v.(戏剧，电影等)连演，连映
2.lines n.(剧本中的)台词
3.part [pa:t] n.剧中的角色，台词
4.falter ['f :lt ] v.支吾，结巴说
5.cast [ka:st] v.选派……扮演角色
6.role [r ul] n.角色
7.aristocrat [' rist kr t] n.贵族
8.imprison [im'prizn] v.关押
9.Bastille n.巴士底狱
10.gaoler n.监狱长，看守
11.colleague ['k li:g] n.同事
12.curtain ['k :tn] n.(舞台上的)幕布
13.reveal [ri'vi:l] v.使显露;泄漏
14.cell [sel] n.单人监房，监号
15.blank [bl k] a.空白的
16.squint [skwint] v.眯着(眼)看，瞄
17.dim [dim] a.昏暗的
18.sire ['sai ] n.(古用法)陛下
19.proceed [pr 'si:d] v.继续进行
★run [r n] v.(戏剧，电影等)连演，连映
1.v. 跑；行驶；运转；运营；持续；
run a hotel 经营一家旅馆
run after (v.+prep.) 伺候
2. n. 路程；奔跑；趋向
in the long run 从长远来看,终究
★lines n.(剧本中的)台词
go up in one's lines 忘台词
blow one's lines 忘记台词
An actor must be able to memorize his lines.
演员须善于熟记台词。
★part [pa:t] n.剧中的角色，台词
1. n. 部分；零件；角色；部位
take part in 参加
take sb's part 支持某人,站在某人一边
2.v. 断裂；分离；离开；分开；不赞成
part the curtain 拉开窗帘
part the dogs 把狗分开
part the stream 使溪水分流
3.adv. 部分地
Their feelings were part excitement, part fear.
他们即兴奋又害怕。
★falter ['f :lt ] v.支吾，结巴说
The business faltered and then failed.
商行生意衰退，最后倒闭了。
The sick man faltered a few steps and then fell.
这个病人摇摇晃晃地走了几步，然后就跌倒了。
★cast [ka:st] v.选派……扮演角色
1.v. 掷；抛；投；铸造
cast a stone 扔石头
cast machine parts 铸造机器零件
cast off one's daughter 与女儿断绝关系
2.n. 演员阵容；投掷
choose the cast 选演员
★role [r ul] n.角色
1.play a role 扮演角色
2.the role of … 的角色
Olivier played the role of Hamlet .
奥列维尔扮演哈姆雷特的角色。
★aristocrat [' rist kr t] n.贵族
an impecunious aristocrat 穷贵族
white-handed aristocrats 四体不勤的贵族
★imprison [im'prizn] v.关押
You can imprison my body but not my mind.
你可以禁锢我的身体，却束缚不了我的心灵。
★gaoler n.监狱长，看守
The kind gaoler agreed to post the letter for the prisoner.
好心的看守答应帮犯人寄信。
★colleague ['k li:g] n.同事
our language colleague 我们的研究语言的同事
work as sb's colleague 和某人共事
例：He is a colleague of mine. 他是我的同事。
She and I are colleagues. 她和我是同事。
★curtain ['k :tn] n.(舞台上的)幕布
1.n. 窗帘；门帘；幕(布)
draw down a curtain 把幕放下来
draw up a curtain 把幕拉上去
drop the curtain 演出结束
behind the curtain 秘密地,在幕后
2.vt. (用帘)装饰；(以帘)遮蔽
I curtain all the rooms with my sister.
我和妹妹给所有房间都装了窗帘。
★reveal [ri'vi:l] v.使显露;泄漏
reveal true face 暴露真面目
reveal a secret to sb 对某人泄露秘密
reveal sth to sb 向·····透漏
The minister revealed the secret to me.部长向我透露了秘密。
★cell [sel] n.单人监房，监号
1.n. 细胞
cancer cell 癌细胞
cell division 细胞分裂
2.prison cell 囚室
★blank [bl k] a.空白的
blank check 空白支票
blank expression 茫然的表情
例：There was a blank look on his face.
他脸上毫无表情。
★squint [skwint] v.眯着(眼)看，瞄
1)n.斜视；一瞥
take/have a squint 看一下
take /have a squint at 看一下
2)v.眯眼看
He squinted through the peephole.
他眯起眼睛靠近窥视孔看了看。
★dim [dim] a.昏暗的
1.adj. 暗淡的；模糊的；笨的
dim room 光线暗淡的房间
dim sound 模糊不清的声音
dim and distant 很久以
2.v. 使暗淡；使失去光泽
dim sth out 使。。。。暗淡
dim sth up 使·····增强
The light of a candle is dimmed by sunlight.
烛光在日光下显得很黯淡
★sire ['sai ] n.(古用法)陛下
例句："It is probable, sire," replied Villefort.
“这是可能的，陛下，”维尔福回答。
★proceed [pr 'si:d] v.继续进行
1.proceed against sb
Do you really want to proceed against Rose
你真的想控告Rose吗
2.proceed along sth
I was proceeding along the high street to the north.我正顺着大街向北走。
3.proceed to sth
The flight is proceeding to London. 本次班机正飞往巴黎。
4.proceed on a journey 继续旅行
proceed with one's work 继续工作
Part 3: Notes on the text
★Some plays are so successful that they run for years on end.
1. run 连续
The play will run (for) thirty nights. 这戏将连演一个月。
2.so····that 如此····以至于，目的状语从句
注意区分so that，上一课已经讲过，可以搜索lesson 21去看一下。
★In many ways, this is unfortunate for the poor actors who are required to go on repeating the same lines night after night.
1.in many ways，再很多方面
2. be required to do sth 要求做某事
Jerry was required to finish the plans before the end of March.
3.night and night 夜以继日，没日没夜
★One would expect them to know their parts by heart and never have cause to falter. Yet this is not always the case.
1.one，指代上文提到的actors
2.expect sb to do sth 期望某人做某事
Jerry was expected to be a teacher in the future.
3. by heart 用心
★In the last act, a gaoler would always come on to the stage with a letter which he would hand to the prisoner.
1.in the last act 最后一幕
戏剧中act是“幕”，scene是“场” 拉一次幕，一幕可以有多场。
2.a letter和which，which指代的是latter
3. hand to 传递
★Even though the noble was expected to read the letter at each performance, he always insisted that it should be written out in full.
1.even though此处用法和eveneven if 可以互换
2.expect sb to do sth 期望某人做某事，文中用的是被动形式
3.insist 坚持
表示建议／要求／希望的动词加that宾语从句时, that从句必须使用should+动词原形的虚拟语气（其中should可以省略）。
4. written ot in full = fully = completely 全部都写出来
★One night, the gaoler decided to play a joke on his colleague to find out if, after so many performances, he had managed to learn the contents of the letter by heart.
1.decide to do sth 决定做某事
Jerry decided to go shopping after supper.
2.play a joke on sb 和某人开玩笑
3.find out 找出真相，发现，证实
★The curtain went up on the final act of the play and revealed the aristocrat sitting alone behind bars in his dark cell.
the final act=the last act
reveal 参考前面单词解析
★Just then, the gaoler appeared with the precious letter in his hands. He entered the cell and presented the letter to the aristocrat.
presend sth to sb 把某物给某人
hand sth to sb/pass sth to sb
★But the copy he gave him had not been written out in full as usual. It was simply a blank sheet of paper.
句中过去完成时结构
as usual 像往常一样
a blank sheet of paper 一张空白的纸
a blank future 渺茫的前途
give sb a blank look 茫然的看了一眼
★The gaoler looked on eagerly, anxious to see if his fellow-actor had at last learnt his lines.
look on 旁观
anxious 形容词做伴随状语
★The noble stared at the blank sheet of paper for a few seconds. Then,squinting his eyes, he said: 'The light is dim. Read the letter to me.'
1.stare at 盯着看
2.squint one's eyes 眯着眼睛
3.dim 昏暗
The room is too dim to read the letter.
★And he promptly handed the sheet of paper to the gaoler.
hand sth to sb 把某物递给某人
=pass sth to sb
★Finding that he could not remember a word of the letter either, the gaoler replied: 'The light is indeed dim, sire. I must get my glasses.'
finding that+从句
sire 详情见单词解析
★With this, he hurried off the stage. Much to the aristocrat's amusement, the gaoler returned a few moments later with a pair of glasses and the usual copy of the letter which he proceeded to read to the prisoner.
hurry off 匆匆离开
a pair of glasses 一副眼镜
a pair of shoes 一双鞋
proceed 详见单词解析
with 做伴随，后面的which指代前面的the copy of the letter
Part 4: Grammar&Difficult points
would的用法
1. will的过去时，表示过去将要发生的事情，即过去将来时，常用于间接引语中，译为“要；偏要；愿”。
例句：He said he would do his best.
Jerry said he would go shopoing later.
2. would，表示意愿
Jerry would not eat anything.
He would go in spite of our warnings. 他不听我们的劝告, 执意要去。
3.表示推测，大概，可能，应该是
I would be about ten years old when my brother left home. 我哥哥离开家时, 我大概十岁左右。
4.表示请求或个人想法、看法, 使语气更加婉转
Would you please show me the way to the station 劳驾, 请问到车站的路怎么走
5.用于虚拟语气的主句中。
If I were you, I would quit smoking.如果我是你，我就戒烟。
Part 5: Homework
1.背诵lesson 22单词&课文（重点语句解析需背诵）
2.重点词记忆
3.练习总结课文