新概念英语第三册 Lesson 24 A Skeleton in the Cupboard 讲义

Lesson 24A Skeleton in the Cupboard
Part 1: Text
We often read in novels how a seemingly respectable person or family has some terrible secret which has been concealed from strangers for years. The English language possesses a vivid saying to describe this sort of situation. The terrible secret is called 'a skeleton in the cup board '. At some dramatic moment in the story the terrible secret becomes known and a reputation is ruined. The reader's hair stands on end when he reads in the final pages of the novel that the heroine, a dear old lady who had always been so kind to everybody, had, in her youth, poisoned every one of her five husbands.
It is all very well for such things to occur in fiction. To varying degrees, we all have secrets which we do not want even our closest friends to learn, but few of us have skeletons in the cupboard. The only person I know who has a skeleton in the cupboard is George Carlton, and he is very proud of the fact. George studied medicine in his youth. Instead of becoming a doctor, however, he became a successful writer of detective stories. I once spent an uncomfortable week-end which I shall never forget at his house. George showed me to the guestroom which, he said, was rarely used. He told me to unpack my things and then come down to dinner. After I had stacked my shirts and underclothes in two empty drawers, I decided to hang in the cupboard one of the two suits I had brought with me. I opened the cupboard door and then stood in front of it petrified. A skeleton was dangling before my eyes. The sudden movement of the door made it sway slightly and it gave me the impression that it was about to leap out at me. Dropping my suit, I dashed downstairs to tell George. This was worse than 'a terrible secret'; this was a real skeleton ! But George was unsympathetic. 'Oh, that,' he said with a smile as if he were talking about an old friend. 'That's Sebastian. You forget that I was a medical student once upon a time.'
Part 2: New words and expressions
1.skeleton ['skelit n] n.骷髅
2.Seemingly ad.表面上地
3.Respectable [ris'pekt bl] a.体面的，雅观的
4.conceal [k n'si:l] v.隐藏，隐瞒
5.vivid ['vivid] a.生动的
6.dramatic [dr 'm tik] a.令人激动的，扣人心弦的
7.ruin ['ruin] v.毁坏
8.heroine ['her uin] n.女主人公
9.fiction ['fik n] n.小说
10.varying a.不同的
11.medicine ['medisin] n.医学
12.guestroom n.(家庭中的)客房
13.unpack [' n'p k] vt.(从箱中)取出
14.stack [st k] v.(整齐地)堆放，排放；n.堆
15.underclothes [' nd kl u z] n.内衣
16.drawer [dr :] n.抽屉
17.petrify ['petrifai] v.使惊呆
18.dangle ['d gl] v.悬挂
19.sway [swei] v.摇摆
20.unsympathetic [' n'simp 'θetik] a.不表同情的，无动于衷的
21.medical ['medik l] a.医学的
★skeleton ['skelit n] n.骷髅
family skeleton 家丑
skeleton in the closet 家丑
The block is still just a skeleton of girders.
这片建筑还只是仅有主梁的骨架。
★Seemingly ad.表面上地
He is seemingly to have lost enthusiasm in dancing.
他似乎对跳舞已经失去了热情。
★Respectable [ris'pekt bl] a.体面的，雅观的
1.adj. 不错的，可观的
a respectable sum of money 相当数目的一笔钱
2.adj. 体面的，雅观的
She is a respectable woman. 她是个受人尊敬的女人。
Externally, the house looked respectable. 从外表看，这房子是够体面的。
★conceal [k n'si:l] v.隐藏，隐瞒
1.conceal sb/oneself/sth from sb/sth 隐蔽…以避开…,对…隐藏(某事)
He didn't conceal anything from you. 他对你什么也没有隐瞒。
2.conceal oneself behind the trees 藏在树后
conceal by the cloud 被云遮住
3.conceal one's anger 隐藏怒气
conceal present 把礼物藏起来
conceal the weapon 隐藏武器
★vivid ['vivid] a.生动的
vivid in sb's memory 记得清清楚楚
vivid with life 生气勃勃
vivid colors 鲜艳的色彩
vivid description 生动的描述
This place conjures up vivid memories.这个地方使人回忆起许多生动的往事。
My daughter is a child with vivid imagination.我女儿是一个想象力活跃的孩子。
★dramatic [dr 'm tik] a.令人激动的，扣人心弦的
dramatic art 戏剧艺术
dramatic changes 日新月异的变化
He enjoys the dramatic arts.
他喜爱戏剧艺术。
She plays a very dramatic woman with flashing eyes.
她饰演一位双眼闪光的引人注目的妇人。
★ruin ['ruin] v.毁坏
go to rack and ruin因忽视而导致毁坏、混乱或瓦解
in ruins 严重受损,破败不堪
mother's ruin 烈性饮料
例：The rain ruined my painting. 这场雨把我的画给毁了。
He lives in a ruined temple. 他住在一座破庙里。
★heroine ['her uin] n.女主人公
She became the heroine of China.
她成为中国的女英雄。
★fiction ['fik n] n.小说
read a fiction 读小说
detective fiction 侦探小说
legal fiction 法律上的假定
例：He has read many American fictions.
他读过很多部美国小说。
★varying a.不同的
time varying 随时间变化的...
vary v. 改变
vary between sth 在两者之间变化
vary from A to B 从A到B变化
★medicine ['medisin] n.医学
★medical ['medik l] a.医学的
ask for medicine 求药
study medicine 研究医学,学医
swallow medicine 吞吃药
take medicine 吃药
take one's medicine 认罚,忍受不快的事物
medical adj. 医疗的，医学的
medical attendants 医护人员
★guestroom n.(家庭中的)客房
room 房间
bedroom 卧室
spare room 客房
master bedroom主卧
★unpack [' n'p k] vt.(从箱中)取出
un前缀-加在动词、名词上构成动词，表示“反动作”的意义。
un-加在形容词、副词、名词及用于作形容词的分词上，表示“不，无，未，非”等否定的意义。
pack意思为打包，unpack意思为取出。
★stack [st k] v.(整齐地)堆放，排放；n.堆
1. v. stack the cards against 阻止某人成功,对某人不利
stack up 堆积，累积
例：Please stack the materials up here.请把材料堆在这里。
2. n.堆
He placed his books in a neat stack.
他把书整整齐齐放成一堆。
★underclothes [' nd kl u z] n.内衣
相当于underwear；underclothing
★drawer [dr :] n.抽屉
lock the drawer 把抽屉锁上
open a drawer 开抽屉
in the drawer 在抽屉里
drawer n. 绘图者/出票人
★petrify ['petrifai] v.使惊呆
They were petrified with fear. 他们都吓呆了。
★dangle ['d gl] v.悬挂
1.v. 摇晃；悬垂；挂着；追求
keep someone dangling 使某人悬望
keep someone dangling around 使某人悬望
dangle round 追求(某人),希望得...
dangle after 追求
例：The leaves dangled in the wind.
树叶随风摇摆。
2.n. 摇摆；摇摆物
例：Do not swing it backwards or let it dangle.
不要将腿向后摇摆或者悬吊空中。
★sway [swei] v.摇摆
sway the minds of people 动摇人心
sway deeply/strongly 深刻地影响
例：Nothing could sway him from his decision.
没有什么能动摇他的决心。
★unsympathetic [' n'simp 'θetik] a.不表同情的，无动于衷的
un前缀，参考unpack前缀用法
例：By nature he is not an unsympathetic man.
他本性倒并不是没有同情心。
Part 3: Notes on the text
★We often read in novels how a seemingly respectable person or family has some terrible secret which has been concealed from strangers for years.
1.conceal sth from sb 都某人某事
He concealed his job from his wife.
2. seemingly 貌似，看似（常常含有但可能并非如此的含义）
3.which用来解释前面提到的secret的内容
★The English language possesses a vivid saying to describe this sort of situation. The terrible secret is called 'a skeleton in the cupboard'.
1.saying n. 话；说话；谚语，格言
e.g: All time is no time when it is past. 机不可失，时不再来。
One is never too old to learn. 活到老，学到老。
2. the sort of 那种
She's the sort of person who stands out in a crowd.
她是那种在人群中很显眼的人。
3.a skeleton in the cupboard 家丑，不可告人的丑事
★At some dramatic moment in the story the terrible secret becomes known and a reputation is ruined.
a reputation is ruined=ruin one’s reputation 某人的声誉扫地
例：The rain ruined my holiday. 大雨毁了我的假期。
关于reputation的搭配
to earn/establish/build a reputation赢得、确立、树立声誉
to have a good/bad reputation
acquire a reputation as a first-class cook获得顶级厨师的名声
to damage/ruin sb’s reputation有损、毁坏某人的名声
live up to one’s reputation名副其实
★The reader's hair stands on end when he reads in the final pages of the novel that the heroine, a dear old lady who had always been so kind to everybody, had, in her youth, poisoned every one of her five husbands.
1.one’s hair stands on end 某人感到毛骨悚然 = sb feel horrified （adj.带有恐怖感的, 惊骇的）
e.g: My hair stands on end. 我感到毛骨悚然
set/make one’s hair stands on end 使某人感到毛骨悚然
2. a dear old lady who 句式分析：who指代 old lady
3.be kind to sb. 对···很友好
Jerry is kind to his calssmates.
4.everyone （单独用every和one连在一起） every one of （与of搭配every和one要分开）
★It is all very well for such things to occur in fiction. To varying degrees, we all have secrets which we do not want even our closest friends to learn, but few of us have skeletons in the cupboard.
1.fiction n.小说（虚构, 编造） 集合名词, 小说的总称, 不可数
novel n.小说, 长篇故事（某一部具体的小说）
e.g: I prefer reading fiction to hearing about real events.
2.介词for引出不定式的逻辑主语
e.g: It is a great honor for us to be present at this rally.
3.skeletons in the cupboard 不可告人的事
It is all very well (让步的口气，表转折)…but 就算怎么样，即便怎样，但是。。
★The only person I know who has a skeleton in the cupboard is George Carlton, and he is very proud of the fact. George studied medicine in his youth.
1. be proud of, 感到自豪
We should be proud of our nobel prize winners.
等同于take pride in
e.g:He takes great pride in his children'sa chievements.
the pride of sth. 的意思是“是...的骄傲”
Jerry is the pride of his mother.
2. youth 青年时代
one's youth 某人青年时代
You should learn more skill in your youth.
★Instead of becoming a doctor, however, he became a successful writer of detective stories.
instead of doing… 表示相反、没有、取而代之的是…
Instead of doing homework at home，Jerry went out to play football.
★I once spent an uncomfortable week-end which I shall never forget at his house.
spend sth on/in doing sth sth
Jerry spent a week in finishing（on） the plan.
★George showed me to the guestroom which, he said, was rarely used. He told me to unpack my things and then come down to dinner.
1.show sb to spme place 带领/引领某人去某处
等同于lead the way to some place
2.rarely, 意思为 " seldom"
was rarely used = was little used 很少用，几乎不用
=The gueatroom was rarely used.
★I opened the cupboard door and then stood in front of it petrified.
1.in front of 在···前面
There is a hill in front of the hill.
区分：in the front of
There is blackboard in the front of the classroom.
2. stand····petrified 惊慌失措的站在那里
stand 作系动词使用+形容词
★A skeleton was dangling before my eyes. The sudden movement of the door made it sway slightly and it gave me the impression that it was about to leap out at me.
leap out at sb 跳出来扑向某人
Armstrong's words are often quoted as "That's one small step for man — one giant leap for mankind."
阿姆斯壮的话往往被人引述为，「这是人的一小步，却是人类的一大步。」
★Dropping my suit, I dashed downstairs to tell George.
1.现在分词作状语，表示强调
2.dash····to sb
Jeery dashed to his mother.
★This was worse than 'a terrible secret'; this was a real skeleton !
But George was unsympathetic. 'Oh, that,' he said with a smile as if he were talking about an old friend. 'That's Sebastian. You forget that I was a medical student once upon a time.'
as if 用法，引导虚拟语气（自行复习）
once upon a time 从前，以前
Part 4: Grammar&Difficult points
重点句式分析：
I once spent an uncomfortable weekend which I shall never forget at his house.
1.Which 指代 uncomfortable weekend
2.Shall 的用法：
1）过去时 should
(shall 可缩写为 'll , shall not 常缩写为 shan't , 美国人常用 will 代 替)
2）用于主语为第一人称单复数, 表示单纯将来，将要, 会
I shall be forty this week. 这周 我就满四十岁。
We shall be on holiday at this time next week. 我们将于下星期这个时候度假。
I shall ring you up as soon as I get home. 我一到家就给你打电话。
3）用于陈述句第二、三人称, 表示说话者的意图、警告、命令、决心等, 主语的行动受讲话者支配，必须, 应, 可
you shall go. 你可以去。
You shall have a reply by tomorrow. 到明天你可以得到回复。
4）在问句中, 征 询对方对于主语行动的意见(提供帮助, 提出建议、要求给予指示和征求意 见), 主要用于第一、三人称... 好吗 要不要...
Shall I carry your bag 我帮你拿手提包, 好吗
Shall he come to see you 要不要他来看你
5）用于第三人称, 在条约、规定、法令等文件中表示义务或规定，应, 必须
No reader shall remove a book from the library without consent of the librarian. 非经管理员同意, 读者不准把书带出图书馆。
The National Party Congress shall be convened every five years . 党的全国代表大会每五年举行一次。
6） 在表示意图、要求等的从句中，应该, 要
I wish that you shall stay here tonight. 我希望今晚你留在这里。
You say you will not do it, but I say you shall do it. 你说你不做这事, 但是我说, 你非做不可。
7） 用于将来时态的间接引语, 与直接引语中的 shall 相应，将
He says that he shall [will] be glad to see you. (=He says, “I shall be glad to see you.”) 他说他将乐意来看你。
Part 5: Homework
1.背诵lesson 24单词&课文（重点语句解析需背诵）
2.重点词记忆
3.练习总结课文