新概念英语第三册 Lesson 16 Fifty pence worth of trouble 讲义

Lesson 16Fifty pence worth of trouble
Part 1: Text
Mary and her husband Dimitri lived in the tiny village of Perachora in southern Greece. One of Mary's prize possessions was a little white lamb which her husband had given her. She kept it tied to a tree in a field during the day and went to fetch it every evening. One evening, however, the lamb was missing. The rope had been cut, so it was obvious that the lamb had been stolen. When Dimitri came in from the fields, his wife told him what had happened. Dimitri at once set out to find the thief.
He knew it would not prove difficult in such a small village. After telling several of his friends about the theft, Dimitri found out that his neighbour, Aleko, had suddenly acquired a new lamb. Dimitri immediately went to Aleko's house and angrily accused him of stealing the lamb. He told him he had better return it or he would call the police. Aleko denied taking it and led Dimitri into his back-yard. It was true that he had just bought a lamb, he explained, but his lamb was black. Ashamed of having acted so rashly, Dimitri apologized to Aleko for having accused him. While they were talking it began to rain and Dimitri stayed in Aleko's house until the rain stopped. When he went outside half an hour later, he was astonished to find that the little black lamb was almost white. Its wool, which had been dyed black, had been washed clean by the rain !
Part 2: New words and expressions
1.prize [praiz] a.珍贵的，宝贵的
2.tie [tai] v.拴，系
3.theft [θeft] n.偷盗行为，偷盗案
4.accuse [ 'kju:z] v.指控
5.deny [di'nai] v.否认
6.ashamed [ ' eimd] a.感到羞耻，惭愧
7.apologize [ 'p l d aiz] v.道歉
8.dye [dai] v.染
★prize [praiz] a.珍贵的，宝贵的
1.n. (for) 奖品，奖赏，奖金
e.g. 那些男孩子为赢得奖品而互相竞争。
The boys competed with each other for the prize.
has win a prize得奖的，获奖的
e.g. 她是最有希望得奖的女孩。
She is the most likely girl to win the prize.
2. 奖品的，作为奖品 given as a prize
e.g. 他要用这笔奖金支付我的部分学费。
He will use the prize money to help pay for my education.
3. 一流的，完全的
e.g. 她总是把事情弄糟；她是个不折不扣的大笨蛋。
She always makes a mess of things; she’s a prize idiot.
4.Vt. to value highly珍视；珍爱
e.g. (1) 这男孩子把他的自行车看作最宝贵的财产。
The boy’s bicycle was his most prized possession.
(2) 他把我的友谊看得比其他什么更宝贵。
He prized my friendship above everything else.
注：课文中prize adj. 珍贵的，宝贵的
★tie [tai] v.拴，系
1. [用绳、带等] 系、拴、扎、捆
e.g. (1) 把这标签系到你的手提箱上。
Tie this label onto your suitcase.
(2) tie……to……把……拴/系在……
她把马拴在一棵树上。
She tied her horse to a tree.
2. 打结，系上
tie a knot 打结
Could you tie your own shoe laces yet
你学会系自己的鞋带了吗？
3. n. 领带，领结
4.联系，关系
1) 亲属关系 family ties
2) 友好关系 ties of friendship
5. be tied up 忙于某事
★theft [θeft] n.偷盗行为，偷盗案
identity theft 身份盗窃
graft and theft 贪污盗窃
例：Avarice drove him into theft.
贪婪驱使他偷窃。
★accuse [ 'kju:z] v.指控
1.指责，谴责；控告，告发
1) 他被控犯了谋杀罪。He was accused of murder.
2) 你是在指责我欺骗吗？
Are you accusing me of cheating
accuse ……of 因……指控/指责，用accuse表达的“指责/指控”通常比较直接、尖锐，但所
指控/指责的事情也可能并不是很严重，如：
e.g. 她指责我工作中粗枝大叶。
She accused me of being careless in my work.
在“指控”较严重的事情上，accuse类同于charge,但后者更强调有“正式的法律程序”之意。此外，这两个词在结构使用上不同，比较：
e.g.(1)他因受贿被指控。
He was accused of taking bribes.
(2) 那商人因哄抬物价被指控。
The merchant was charged with jacking up prices.
be accused of doing sth 被指控···
★deny [di'nai] v.否认
1. deny doing sth 否认做某事
2.deny sb. sth= deny sth to sb 拒绝给某人某物
He denies her nothing.
3.it can not be denied that。。。不可否认的是·····
There is no denying the fact that·····
★ ashamed [ ' eimd] a.感到羞耻，惭愧
1.be ashamed to do sth 羞于做某事
You should be ashamed to tell such lies.
2. be ashamed of = be ashamed of oneself for sth 由于····感到羞愧
3. be ashamed for sth
I felt ashamed for your attitude to your mother.
to one's ashame 另谋人羞愧的是···
shame sb into doing sth 使某人羞愧不得不做
★apologize [ 'p l d aiz] v.道歉
apologize to sb for sth 为某事向某人道歉
=make an apology to sb for sth
例：He apologized to me for being late.
他因为迟到向我道歉
★dye [dai] v.染
1.他染头发。He dyes his hair.
2.她把连衣裙染成绿色。She dyed the dress green.
3.夕阳染红了天空。Sunset dyed the sky red.
Part 3: Notes on the text
★Mary and her husband Dimitri lived in the tiny village of Perachora in southern Greece.
1.in the tiny village of， of 在这里表示同位关系
例如：the city of Beijing
2. in southern Greece=in the south of Greece
★One of Mary's prize possessions was a little white lamb which her husband had given her.
one of+名词复数
prize possessions 真爱的（具有情感意义的）
★She kept it tied to a tree in a field during the day and went to fetch it every evening.
keep sb/sth doing sth 保持做某事
I am sorry to keep you waiting
★The rope had been cut, so it was obvious that the lamb had been stolen.
It is obvious （to sb.）that·····显然，很明显的
★Dimitri at once set out to find the thief.
set out to do sth 开始着手做某事
★He knew it would not prove difficult in such a small village.
prove是系动词，在本句中与be的作用是一样的。
prove 用法：
1）证明，证实，prove+名词/代词
2）prove sth to sb 向某人证明某事
★Aleko, had suddenly acquired a new lamb.
acquire 通过努力获得，得到（认可，学识）
accquire a high reputation
★Dimitri immediately went to Aleko's house and angrily accused him of stealing the lamb.
accuse sb of doing sth 指控某人做某事
be accused of doing sth 被指控做某事
★Aleko denied taking it and led Dimitri into his back-yard.
lead 引导 （led，led，leading）
He led us to his home.
★ It was true that he had just bought a lamb, he explained, but his lamb was black.
It was true that....but.... 诚然。。。。但是。。。。
It was true that the work is hard, but we must finish it on time.
★Ashamed of having acted so rashly, Dimitri apologized to Aleko for having accused him.
形容词短语作原因状语 ashamed of doing sth
apologize to sb for sth 为某事向某人道歉
★While they were talking it began to rain and Dimitri stayed in Aleko's house until the rain stopped.
1. begin to 开始
2. until 直到
短语：not······until··· 直到·····才
★When he went outside half an hour later, he was astonished to find that the little black lamb was almost white. Its wool, which had been dyed black, had been washed clean by the rain !
1.be astonished to 惊讶于某事
2.wool 羊毛
wool blanket 羊毛毯
3. wash clean 冲洗干净
Part 4: Grammar&Difficult points
形容词或形容词短语可以作状语，表示原因。这种状语一般位于句首，有时
也可位于句中。例如：
1. Angry at the girl oversleeping, Mr Green went down to wake her up. （＝
Mr Green went down to wake up the girl because he was angry with her for
oversleeping. ）格林先生下去叫醒她，是因为她睡过了头惹恼了他。
2. Lin Tao, glad to accept the suggestion, nodded his agreement. （＝
Because he was glad to accept the suggestion, Lin Tao nodded his
agreement. ）
因为林涛很乐意接受这个建议，所以他就点头同意了。
Part 5: Homework
1.背诵lesson 16单词&课文（重点语句解析需背诵）
2.书信写作
3.练习总结课文