课件26张PPT。英语第29讲 非谓语动词河北省第29讲 非谓语动词2010－2014年河北中考试题分析表2010－2014年河北中考试题分析表从上表中可以看出，近五年河北中考对非谓语动词的考查主要为不定式，如不定式作宾语、宾补、定语、状语等。同时也涉及了对不定式固定句型的用法的考查。
预计2015年河北中考对非谓语动词的考查仍将是不定式，同学们要注意一些省略to的动词不定式和不定式的否定形式。高频考向一 不定式
1．构成：to＋动词原形，即：to do形式。其否定形式为：not to do。如：
The teacher tells me to finish my homework after school.老师告诉我放学后完成我的家庭作业。
2．动词不定式具有名词、形容词和副词的特征，因此在句中可以作主语、表语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语和状语。?作主语
To help the old is our duty.帮助老人是我们的职责。
注意：动词不定式作主语时，为了保持句子的平衡，往往用it作形式主语，而把不定式短语置于谓语动词之后。
①“It's＋ adj.＋of sb.＋不定式”表示“某人(做某事)……”。这一句型中常用表示性质、品格的形容词，常用的有good(好的)，kind(友善的)，nice(好的)，polite(有礼貌的)，clever(聪明的)，foolish(愚蠢的)，lazy(懒惰的)，careful(细心的)，careless(粗心的)，right(正确的)，wrong(错误的)等。如：It's kind of you to help me.你帮了我，你真好。
②“It's＋ adj.＋for sb.＋不定式”表示“做某事对某人来说……”。常用的形容词有difficult(困难的)，easy(容易的)，hard(艰难的)，dangerous(危险的)，safe(安全的)，useful(有用的)，pleasant(舒适的)，interesting(有趣的)等。如：
It's dangerous for you to climb that tall tree.对你来说，爬上那个高树是危险的。?作表语
To eat is to live，but to live is not to eat.吃饭是为了活着，但活着并不是为了吃饭。
?作宾语
常接不定式作宾语的动词有：decide(决定)，expect(期望)，forget(忘记)，hope(希望)，pretend(假装)，try(尽力)等。如：
I want to borrow your bike.我想借你的自行车。?作宾语补足语
常接不定式作宾语补足语的动词有：ask(要求)，tell(告诉)，want(想要)，teach(教)，wish(希望)，help(帮助)，warn(警告)，invite(邀请)，encourage(鼓励)等。如：
Tina told her sister to turn down the TV.蒂娜告诉她的姐姐把电视机的音量调小点。
She asked me to answer the phone while she was out.当她出去的时候，她叫我接电话。3．不可数名词
不可数名词分为物质名词和抽象名词，它们一般没有复数形式。如果要表示不可数名词的数量则要借助于“a＋量词(可数名词)＋of＋不可数名词”短语，变复数时把a变为具体数词，量词变为复数形式。如：a bowl of water一碗水；two cups of tea两杯茶
初中阶段常见的不可数名词有：water，rice，tea，milk，food，fruit，meat，fish(鱼肉)，chicken(鸡肉)，beef，mutton，orange(橙汁)，sugar，salt，paper(纸)，porridge，bread，sand，juice，news，music，time(时间)，information，fun，advice等。3．不可数名词
不可数名词分为物质名词和抽象名词，它们一般没有复数形式。如果要表示不可数名词的数量则要借助于“a＋量词(可数名词)＋of＋不可数名词”短语，变复数时把a变为具体数词，量词变为复数形式。如：a bowl of water一碗水；two cups of tea两杯茶
初中阶段常见的不可数名词有：water，rice，tea，milk，food，fruit，meat，fish(鱼肉)，chicken(鸡肉)，beef，mutton，orange(橙汁)，sugar，salt，paper(纸)，porridge，bread，sand，juice，news，music，time(时间)，information，fun，advice等。注意：①有些名词既可作不可数名词，又可作可数名词，如：time(时间/次数，倍数)，fish(鱼肉/鱼)，room(空间/房间)，noise(噪音/响声)，paper(纸/试卷，文件)，chicken(鸡肉/鸡)，experience(经验/经历)
②表示不定数量时，不可数名词常用much，(a)little，a lot of，some，any等修饰。常用it来替代。【例3】 —Where are you going，Sam?
—There isn't any ________ in the fridge.I'll go and buy some.(2014，凉山)
A．vegetables B．beef C．eggs D．money
解析：由is可知此处应用可数名词单数或不可数名词，故排除A、C选项。再根据句意来判断。
答案：__B__【例4】 I saw some ________ and ________ dancing in the street the day before yesterday.(2013，绥化)
A．Germen；Englishmen B．Germans；Englishmans
C．Germans；Englishmen D．Germen；Englishmans
解析：German的复数形式为Germans；Englishman的复数形式为Englishmen。
答案：__C__高频考向三 名词所有格
①有生命的东西的名词所有格，一般用在词尾加“'s”这种形式来表示。
如：It's my mother's handbag.这是我妈妈的手提包。
②以-s或-es结尾的名词末尾只加“'”。有些表示时间、距离、国家、城镇等无生命的事物的名词，也可以加“'s”构成所有格。如：
It's only twenty minutes' walk.这只是步行20分钟的路程。
Who won the girls' 100-meter race？谁赢了女子100米赛跑？
③不以-s或-es结尾的复数名词末尾仍要加“'s”。如：Where's the People's Hospital，please？请问人民医院在哪儿？
It's the policemen's bedroom.这是警察宿舍。④表示两个或多个人共同拥有的人或物时，只需在并列名词的后一个名词词尾加“'s”。若表示两者各自所拥有时，则每个名词后均加“'s”。试比较：
Lily and Lucy's father is a worker.莉莉和露茜的父亲是工人。
Lily's and Lucy's fathers are both workers.莉莉的父
亲和露茜的父亲都是工人。
⑤有些名词如：诊所、家、店铺等名词所有格后加“'s”后，可以省去表示相关处所的名词。如：the doctor's(医生诊所)，Mr.White's(怀特先生家)，the book-seller's(书店)。⑥of所有格主要表示无生命的东西。如：
a map of China一幅中国地图
⑦既表示所属关系又表示数量时要用双重所有格。如：an old friend of my uncle's，a photo of Jim's family等。【例5】 ________ desk is long and wide.They like it very much.(2014，齐齐哈尔)
A．Sonia's and Jane's B．Sonia and Jane's
C．Sonia and Jane D．Sonia's and Jane
解析：A项表示两个人各自的桌子，后应接复数名词；B项表示两个人共有的桌子，后接单数名词；C项不可以直接作定语。
答案：__B__一、单项选择。
1．—How many __B__ are there?
—About fifty.(2014，广安)
A．tomatos B．tomatoes C．tomato D．traveling
2．Recently people care more about the safety of __A__．Everyone wants to eat healthily.(2014，衡阳)
A．foods B．clothes C．buildings D．traveling3．Miss Black is a friend of __A__，she always looks after my sister.(2014，龙东)
A．Mary's mother's B．Mary's mother'
C．Mary mother's D．Mary mother
4．There are fifty __B__ in our school.They are all friendly to us.(2014，安顺)
A．woman teachers B．women teachers
C．woman teacher D．women teacher5．—I hear you have to get up early every morning.
—Right.It's one of the __D__ of my family.(2014，泰安)
A．plans B．jobs C．programs D．rules
6．I'm tired.This is not the right __A__ to ask me to go for a walk.(2014，杭州)
A．moment B．chance C．place D．season7．Could you please get me some __C__？I'm hungry.(2014，黔西南)
A．apple B．water C．bread D．egg
8．—Excuse me，where did you get the book?
—I borrowed it from the __B__．(2013，重庆)
A．cinema B．library C．park D．station9．—The sweater is not the right __C__ for me.
—Well，shall I get you a bigger one or a smaller one？(2013，绍兴)
A．price B．color C．size D．material
10．You'd better read the __C__ first before you use the camera.(2013，嘉兴、舟山)
A．websites B．expressions
C．instructions D．advertisements二、词汇运用。
A)根据句意及汉语提示完成单词。
11．Uncle Wang bought two watches (手表) yesterday.
12．There are a lot of sheep (绵羊) on the grass.
13．The cat caught two mice (老鼠) last night.
14．Gina would like some juice (果汁) to drink.
15．Jack went to have two teeth (牙齿) pulled out yesterday afternoon.B)根据句意及首字母提示完成单词。
16．Nick，can you give me some information about that event?
17．Friday is Linda's favorite day，because she has P．E.on that day.
18．There is not enough room in the corner to put the table.
19．It's a secret．You shouldn't tell it to others.
20．Ben likes the shape of the cake.It's a heart.考点跟踪突破29 非谓语动词
1．We can make a fire __A__ the room warm so that we can chat for a while.
A．to keep B．keeping C．keep D．kept
2．—You look so tired.(2014，遂宁)
—My mother makes me __A__ playing the piano for 2 hours every day.
A．practice B．to practice
C．practicing D．practiced
3．Plan your time carefully and make sure you have some time __B__ what you like every day.
A．do B．to do C．doing D．done
4．We should do what we can __B__ our environment.(2014，绥化)
A．protect B．to protect
C．protecting D．protected
5．The old man prefers to __C__ at home rather than ________ to have a picnic.(2014，绥化)
A．staying；going B．stay；going
C．stay；go D．to stay；to go
6．So far the exchange program has brought many foreigners to China __B__ Chinese.(2014，绵阳)
A．study B．to study C．studying D．studied
7．Paul looks forward to __C__ his pen pal as soon as possible.(2014，梅州)
A．meets B．meet C．meeting D．met
8．My parents always tell me __D__ more vegetables and fruit.(2014，北京)
A．eat B．eating C．eats D．to eat
9．—Mr.Miller，I am afraid that I can't finish this work in a week.(2014，黔南)
—My boy，be brave and tell yourself __C__．
A．don't give up B．not give up
C．not to give up D．to give up
10．—Tom，have you ever watched the talent show The Voice of China?
—Yes，Lucy，if you are good at singing，you may consider __B__ a try.(2014，玉林)
A．to have B．having C．has D．have
11．When I walked past the park，I saw some old people __C__ Chinese Taiji.(2013，莱芜)
A．do B．did
C．doing D．are doing
12．The little boy pretended __D__ when his mother came in.(2013，白银)
A．sleeping B．asleep
C．to asleep D．to be asleep
13．—Why do we eat vegetables every day，Mum?
—__A__ healthy，my dear.(2013，大庆)
A．To keep B．Keep C．Keeping D．Kept
14．—Did it take you a lot of time __C__ English last weekend？(2013，达州)
—No.I went to the countryside to see my grandfather.
A．practicing speaking B．practicing spoken
C．to practice speaking D．practice spoken
15．Mary called and asked her husband __D__ home at once，because she locked her daughter in the home.(2013，陕西)
A．to leave B．leave C．go D．to go
16．—I didn't hear you come in just now.
—That's good.We tried __B__ any noise，for you were sleeping.(2013，广东)
A．not make B．not to make
C．to make D．making
17．I hope everyone can care about __A__ the environment and stop ________ things.(2013，三亚)
A．protecting；wasting B．protecting；to waste
C．protect；wasting D．protect；to waste
18．The book is well worth __C__．I plan ________ one.
A．read；to buy B．reading；buying
C．reading；to buy D．to read；to buy
19．It took me two weeks __B__ reading the novels written by Guo Jingming.
A．finish B．to finish
C．finishes D．finishing
20．Mike is used to __A__ to school every day.He thinks it's good for his health.
A．walking B．walk
C．walks D．to walking
21．Don't forget __B__ your umbrella.It's raining outside.
A．taking B．to take C．to taking D．takes
22．—I don't know __C__ next.
—Why not ________ your teacher for advice?
A．what to do；to ask B．how to do；to ask
C．what to do；ask D．how to do；ask
23．—Why don't you write?
—Sorry.I don't have a pen __B__．
A．to write B．to write with
C．writing D．writing with
24．Try to sing more English songs，and you will find it interesting __D__ a foreign language.
A．learning B．learns
C．learn D．to learn
25．If price rises too high，the government has to do something __D__ it.
A．stop B．stopped C．stopping D．to stop
