课件25张PPT。英语第34讲 完形填空河北省第34讲 完形填空2010－2014年河北中考试题分析表近五年河北中考完形填空由说明文向记叙文过渡，题材更加新颖。考点涉及动词、名词、形容词和副词等实词，穿插一定的介词、连词等虚词的辨析。(另外，不会连续考查某一个知识点，如动词考查也是隔空设题，且均为词义辨析，不会出现对语法的考查。)注意上下文联系，突出考查综合运用英语的能力，全面测试学生的阅读理解能力、词汇运用能力、逻辑分析能力和推理判断能力。
预计2015年河北中考完形填空仍会以记叙文为主。考查仍会以名词、动词、形容词和副词的词义辨析为主。“完形填空”题是一种旨在考查学生语法和词汇知识综合运用能力的典型题型。它结合了单项选择题和短文填空的优点，既考查词语搭配、近义词辨异、动词时态、句型结构、复合句的关联和习惯用法等，又考查了逻辑推理和事理推断能力。同学们只有具备了扎实的语言基本功、较好的阅读能力及归纳判断能力，才能适应这一题型。(一)“完形填空”题要求填入的词：
1．语法结构所要求的功能词。如：连接词，连接代词，连接副词，关系代词，关系副词等。
2．具有语法变化的普通词。如：动词的时态、语态、语气，名词的数，代词的格，形容词和副词的等级等。
3．固定搭配短语或词组中的特定词。
4．同义词、近义词等易混淆词。
5．根据上、下文意思及结构必须填入的确定词。(二)“完形填空”题解题策略：
1．解题前要通读全文，领悟大意。
完形填空常以文章或段落的形式出现，因此，要通读全文，把握文章整体大意尤为重要。很多同学为了省时间，只看选项，不看文章。不看上下文，不寻找文章中句子与句子的关系，结果做出来的答案往往是错误的。
2．解题时要全面考虑，确定选项。
完形填空有些答案的四个选项从词汇搭配、语法和句子结构等角度考虑均行得通，但由于文章是一个完整的统一体，词、句、段三者存在着内在逻辑关系，因此考生还要从上下文中寻找有关的信息，对文章的情节进行逻辑推理，抓住含有关键信息的词语，理顺句子之间的关系，确定正确的答案。其具体做法有：?重视首句寻求信息
完形填空本是一篇残缺的文章，留下首句可以帮助考生了解文章的主题，可以了解短文的概貌与作者的意图。要充分利用首句的标示作用，利用它为解题找到一个突破口，从而展开思维。
【例1】 My stutter (口吃) had always been much of a problem.I'd had so many specialists for my ________ over the years.(2013，北京，35)
A．speech B．study C．dream D．fear
解析：由首句“我的口吃已经成为一个大问题”可知，作者在说话方式上很“独特”。speech指“说话方式”。
答案：__A__My mother only had one eye.And because of this，I never wished her to show up in my school，being afraid that my classmates would __1__ I had an ugly mother.(2014，十堰，41)
(D)1.A.run out B．put out
C．come out D．find out
?明辨褒贬语境，判断是非
几乎每篇完形填空的语境都有一定的褒贬性，这种褒贬性反映了主人公的特定心理、情绪状态和作者的写作意图，因此利用好文章的语境褒贬性就能对文章进行准确的逻辑判断，从而在吃透文章并准确理解文意的基础上推断出每一空的准确信息，找出能反映语境褒贬性的标志性词语或句子，大胆预测下文。【例2】 At last，his dream came true，and his parents were of him.(2013，长沙，40)
A．famous B．strict C．proud D．afraid
解析：由全文可知，父母看到儿子通过努力实现了自己的梦想，应该感到自豪。
答案：__C__They thought the woman looked very __2__．They went up to her and said，“Are you going to town？If you are，we will help carry your basket.”(2014，河北，47)
(B)2.A.bored B．tired
C．pleased D．surprised
?巧用平行结构，判断逻辑
平行结构指的是结构相同或相似、意思密切关联、语气一致的句子或短语组成串排列的语言现象。平行结构形式上整齐匀称，内容上联系紧密。命题者常从平行结构的句式相同或相似这一角度，利用其意义上的关联和对比这一特点来设题。了解这一点可大大提高解题效率。【例3】 Jim Smith was a poor boy.One day he was very cold and ________．He came to a house and asked a young woman only for a glass of water.(2013，云南，41)
A．hot B．hungry C．cool D．strong
解析：由上文“he was very cold”可知，与cold相对的是“饿”。
答案：__B__注意：①有些名词既可作不可数名词，又可作可数名词，如：time(时间/次数，倍数)，fish(鱼肉/鱼)，room(空间/房间)，noise(噪音/响声)，paper(纸/试卷，文件)，chicken(鸡肉/鸡)，experience(经验/经历)
②表示不定数量时，不可数名词常用much，(a)little，a lot of，some，any等修饰。常用it来替代。【例3】 —Where are you going，Sam?
—There isn't any ________ in the fridge.I'll go and buy some.(2014，凉山)
A．vegetables B．beef C．eggs D．money
解析：由is可知此处应用可数名词单数或不可数名词，故排除A、C选项。再根据句意来判断。
答案：__B__【例4】 I saw some ________ and ________ dancing in the street the day before yesterday.(2013，绥化)
A．Germen；Englishmen B．Germans；Englishmans
C．Germans；Englishmen D．Germen；Englishmans
解析：German的复数形式为Germans；Englishman的复数形式为Englishmen。
答案：__C__高频考向三 名词所有格
①有生命的东西的名词所有格，一般用在词尾加“'s”这种形式来表示。
如：It's my mother's handbag.这是我妈妈的手提包。
②以-s或-es结尾的名词末尾只加“'”。有些表示时间、距离、国家、城镇等无生命的事物的名词，也可以加“'s”构成所有格。如：
It's only twenty minutes' walk.这只是步行20分钟的路程。
Who won the girls' 100-meter race？谁赢了女子100米赛跑？
③不以-s或-es结尾的复数名词末尾仍要加“'s”。如：Where's the People's Hospital，please？请问人民医院在哪儿？
It's the policemen's bedroom.这是警察宿舍。④表示两个或多个人共同拥有的人或物时，只需在并列名词的后一个名词词尾加“'s”。若表示两者各自所拥有时，则每个名词后均加“'s”。试比较：
Lily and Lucy's father is a worker.莉莉和露茜的父亲是工人。
Lily's and Lucy's fathers are both workers.莉莉的父
亲和露茜的父亲都是工人。
⑤有些名词如：诊所、家、店铺等名词所有格后加“'s”后，可以省去表示相关处所的名词。如：the doctor's(医生诊所)，Mr.White's(怀特先生家)，the book-seller's(书店)。⑥of所有格主要表示无生命的东西。如：
a map of China一幅中国地图
⑦既表示所属关系又表示数量时要用双重所有格。如：an old friend of my uncle's，a photo of Jim's family等。【例5】 ________ desk is long and wide.They like it very much.(2014，齐齐哈尔)
A．Sonia's and Jane's B．Sonia and Jane's
C．Sonia and Jane D．Sonia's and Jane
解析：A项表示两个人各自的桌子，后应接复数名词；B项表示两个人共有的桌子，后接单数名词；C项不可以直接作定语。
答案：__B__一、单项选择。
1．—How many __B__ are there?
—About fifty.(2014，广安)
A．tomatos B．tomatoes C．tomato D．traveling
2．Recently people care more about the safety of __A__．Everyone wants to eat healthily.(2014，衡阳)
A．foods B．clothes C．buildings D．traveling3．Miss Black is a friend of __A__，she always looks after my sister.(2014，龙东)
A．Mary's mother's B．Mary's mother'
C．Mary mother's D．Mary mother
4．There are fifty __B__ in our school.They are all friendly to us.(2014，安顺)
A．woman teachers B．women teachers
C．woman teacher D．women teacher5．—I hear you have to get up early every morning.
—Right.It's one of the __D__ of my family.(2014，泰安)
A．plans B．jobs C．programs D．rules
6．I'm tired.This is not the right __A__ to ask me to go for a walk.(2014，杭州)
A．moment B．chance C．place D．season7．Could you please get me some __C__？I'm hungry.(2014，黔西南)
A．apple B．water C．bread D．egg
8．—Excuse me，where did you get the book?
—I borrowed it from the __B__．(2013，重庆)
A．cinema B．library C．park D．station9．—The sweater is not the right __C__ for me.
—Well，shall I get you a bigger one or a smaller one？(2013，绍兴)
A．price B．color C．size D．material
10．You'd better read the __C__ first before you use the camera.(2013，嘉兴、舟山)
A．websites B．expressions
C．instructions D．advertisements二、词汇运用。
A)根据句意及汉语提示完成单词。
11．Uncle Wang bought two watches (手表) yesterday.
12．There are a lot of sheep (绵羊) on the grass.
13．The cat caught two mice (老鼠) last night.
14．Gina would like some juice (果汁) to drink.
15．Jack went to have two teeth (牙齿) pulled out yesterday afternoon.B)根据句意及首字母提示完成单词。
16．Nick，can you give me some information about that event?
17．Friday is Linda's favorite day，because she has P．E.on that day.
18．There is not enough room in the corner to put the table.
19．It's a secret．You shouldn't tell it to others.
20．Ben likes the shape of the cake.It's a heart.考点跟踪突破34 完形填空
训练一
(一)(2014，济宁)
Adam Lee is a very popular man in Ottawa.He is not famous in sports or the arts，__1__ people in the streets know about him，especially the __2__．
For those people，he is “Gloves Lee.” How did he get that __3__？He looks like any other businessman，wearing a suit and carrying a briefcase (公文包)．But he's __4__．His briefcase always has some gloves.
In winter，Mr.Lee walks in the streets，looking around at people.He stops when he __5__ someone with no gloves.He gives them a pair and then he moves on，looking for more people with cold __6__．
On winter days，Mr.Lee __7__ gloves.During the rest of the year，he buys gloves.People who have heard about him __8__ him gloves，and he has many in his apartment.
Mr.Lee began doing this 21 years ago.Now，many poor people in the city know him and __9__ his behavior.But people who don't know him are sometimes surprised by him.They don't realize that he just wants to make them happy.A pair of gloves may be a __10__ thing，but it can make a big difference in winter.
(C)1.A.or B．so C．but D．and
(D)2.A.old B．young C．rich D．poor
(B)3.A.job C．name C．chance D．message
(B)4.A.calm B．different C．crazy D．honest
(D)5.A.helps B．chooses C．greets D．sees
(A)6.A.hands B．feet C．faces D．ears
(C)7.A.searches for B．picks up
C．gives away D．puts on
(B)8.A.call B．send C．lend D．show
(A)9.A.understand B．dislike
C．study D．excuse
(C)10.A.big B．good C．small D．useful
(二)(2014，重庆)
“Who would you like to change your life with if possible？” Last week，we asked many middle school students this question.The following are some of their __11__．
Zhang Yike，12
I want to change my life with my friend，Wang Xiaohui.She is studying in England now.She has __12__ to many countries，such as the US and France.They are the places I wish to visit.What's more，she __13__ much better English than me.If I change my life with her，I can visit many beautiful countries，eat delicious __14__ and meet different kinds of people there.
Qiu Haoran，14
I'd like to change my life with my Chinese teacher Miss Zhao.Miss Zhao is a very kind lady.She __15__ a lot，so she always has so many __16__ stories to tell us.We all like her classes.I also want to be such an excellent teacher and be __17__ with my students.
Tan Bo，13
I will change my life with my elder brother.My brother is a college student now.He doesn't have to go to class all the time.He can study __18__ he is interested in.And he even has a part-time job to make money.To __19__，all of these sound very interesting.I really want a life __20__ that.
(A)11.A.answers B．problems
C．questions D．changes
(C)12.A.gone B．come C．been D．moved
(B)13.A.says B．speaks C．talks D．tells
(C)14.A.drink B．air C．food D．water
(B)15.A.teaches B．knows C．thinks D．asks
(D)16.A.long B．short
C．terrible D．interesting
(C)17.A.busy B．angry C．popular D．serious
(D)18.A.that B．which C．who D．what
(A)19.A.me B．him C．you D．them
(D)20.A.at B．on C．for D．like
(三)(2014，安徽)
Once there lived a farmer called Henry.He had a brother，Mike，in town who was an excellent gardener. His skill and his beautiful trees were __21__ everywhere.
One day，Henry went to town to visit Mike.“Look，my brother，” said Mike，“Here is the best __22__ tree from my garden.Take it home and __23__ it so that you，and your children，and your children's children can enjoy it.” Henry was __24__ with the apple tree and went back home.The next morning，he began to __25__ where he should plant it.
“If I plant it on the hill，” said he to himself，“the wind might catch it and __26__ down the fruit; If I plant it close to the road，people who pass by will pick some of them; But if I plant it...”
__27__ he planted the tree in the corner behind his house，where no one else could notice it.But the tree bore (结出) no fruit the first year，nor the second.Then Henry sent for his brother and said to him __28__，“You have cheated me.This is the third year and it bring me __29__ but leaves.”
When Mike saw where the tree was planted，he laughed and said，“You have planted the tree in such a cold corner without __30__ or warmth.How，then，could you expect flowers and fruit？”
(B)21.A.simple B．famous C．similar D．common
(C)22.A.pear B．grape C．apple D．banana
(D)23.A.sell B．wash C．hide D．plant
(C)24.A.tired B．patient C．pleased D．popular
(B)25.A.learn B．wonder
C．realize D．understand
(D)26.A.put B．cut C．push D．shake
(A)27.A.Finally B．Firstly
C．Luckily D．Certainly
(B)28.A.happily B．angrily
C．kindly D．carelessly
(A)29.A.nothing B．something
C．everything D．anything
(D)30.A.air B．earth
C．water D．sunlight
(四)(2014，陕西)
When I was about six years old，my brother David and I visited our aunt，Mary.We stayed in her house for a night.David was only 4 years old，and was still __31__ of the dark，so Mary left the hall light on when we slept.
However，David __32__ the grey moths (蛾) flying around the hall light.He asked Mary to make the moths go away.When she asked __33__，he simply said，“Because they are ugly and scary.I don't like them.”Mary laughed and said，“Being ugly outside doesn't __34__ not being beautiful inside.In fact，moths are one of the most beautiful animals in the animal world.”
“Once，the angels (天使) were __35__．They were sad because it was raining heavily.The __36__ little moths hated to see others so sad.They decided to make a rainbow (彩虹) to cheer up the angels.They thought if the butterflies (蝴蝶) __37__，they could make a beautiful rainbow together.”
“Then one of the moths went to ask the butterflies for help.But the butterflies didn't want to __38__ any of their colors，so the moths decided to make a rainbow themselves.They beat their wings very hard and the colors on them made a rainbow.They kept giving a little more and a little more __39__ the rainbow went across the sky.They had given away all their colors except grey，which didn't match the beautiful rainbow.”
“Then the once-colorful moths became __40__．The angels saw the rainbow and smiled...”My brother went to sleep with that story and hasn't feared moths since then.
(A)31.A.afraid B．sure C．proud D．happy
(B)32.A.liked B．hated C．let D．killed
(D)33.A.how B．what C．when D．why
(A)34.A.mean B．make C．know D．hope
(C)35.A.laughing B．playing C．crying D．talking
(A)36.A.kind B．angry C．ugly D．sad
(C)37.A.refused B．advised C．helped D．left
(A)38.A.give up B．pick up C．turn up D．look up
(B)39.A.unless B．until C．after D．since
(D)40.A.red B．yellow C．green D．grey
(五)(2014，天津)
Many years ago，when I was a student，the radio studio manager at WXBN interviewed me and it changed my life.
“How old are you？”he looked down at __41__．
“Fifteen.”I said.
“And you want a job in radio？Shouldn't you be __42__？” he asked.
How could I explain？I've always __43__ the radio.When I was about four or five years old，I remember sitting close to the radio in the living room，listening to my favourite programmes，and to the voices of my favourite presenters.It seemed that they were speaking to me in person.__44__ the age of nine，I asked for jobs in small radio stations.
As I grew older，my __45__ in radio grew.One day I learnt about Internet radio.Once a week，I played my favourite music from my father's computer to the listeners，talked about life at school，and then closed down and did my homework.
Soon my friends at junior high school started to listen，and then they wanted to __46__．We prepared the weekly programmes，articles about music，sports news，jokes and the weather report.
“OK，__47__ with me，”the WXBN manager said.I followed him into the studio.Then I sat down in front of a microphone.He was in another room，behind the glass wall.
“OK，let's do a sound check.Just tell me __48__ you had for breakfast.”
All radio presenters begin work with the same __49__．
“I had eggs，fruit and some milk.”
“OK，that's great！”the man behind the glass said.
And this was how my first real __50__ in radio began.
(A)41.A.me B．her C．you D．him
(C)42.A.on the news B．on business
C．at school D．at work
(B)43.A.repaired B．loved C．sold D．cleaned
(A)44.A.At B．In C．With D．For
(D)45.A.trouble B．habit
C．collection D．interest
(C)46.A.fight B．refuse C．help D．laugh
(D)47.A.speak B．sing C．read D．come
(A)48.A.what B．how C．that D．why
(C)49.A.station B．advertisement
C．question D．time
(B)50.A.game B．job C．joke D．report
