人教版（2019） 必修第一册Welcome Unit Discovering Useful Structures 课件 （共32张PPT）

(共32张PPT)
Welcome Unit
Discovering Useful Structure
Analyse basic sentence structures
1.How do you express your ideas, by sentences or single words
2.What is a simple sentence
A simple sentence is a group of words that has a subject, a verb, and states a complete（完全的，完整的） thought.
3.What makes a sentence
主谓宾定状补同表
句子成分
定义：构成句子的各个部分叫做句子成分。句子成分有主要成分和次要成分；
主要成分：主语（subject）和谓语（predicate）
次要成分：表语（predicative）、宾语（object）、定语（attribute）、状语(adverbial)、补足语（complement）、同位语（appositive)
I met my best friend Tom at the station yesterday.
↓
主语
↓
谓
语
↓
定语
↓
宾
语
↓
同位语
↓
状
语
1.1 主语（subject）
Smoking is bad for health.
Apples are my favorite fruit.
I love you.
主语是一个句子所叙述的主体（动作的发出者），一般位于句首。由名词、代词或相当于名词的成分来充当
找一找句子中的中主语

Twenty years is a short time in history.
The poor are now living in the shelter.
Running is good for our health.
To study hard is your duty.
She likes dancing.
What I want is some apples .
十
大
词
类
实词
1.2 谓语（predicate)
谓语说明主语所做的动作或具有的特征和状态，一般放在主语之后.只能由动词和动词短语充当。
谓语的构成如下：
1、简单谓语：由一个动词或动词短语构成。
He practices running every morning.
2、复合谓语：由情态动词或其他助动词加动词原形构成。
You may keep the book for two weeks.
He has caught a bad cold.
一个简单句有且只有一个谓语。
Get up early is good for our health.
× 双谓语
Getting up early is good for our health. √
We have finished reading this book.
They can speak English well.
助动词和情态动词须和
实义动词一起构成谓语
He looked after two boys.
找出谓语
十
大
词
类
实词
We all like reading.
I would like to help you.
She is playing the piano now.
I love you.
宾语表示动作的对象或承受者，一般位于及物动词和介词后面。
由名词、代词或相当于名词的成分来充当。
1.3 宾语（object）
We have finished reading this book.
They can speak English .
He looked after two boys.
找出宾语
十
大
词
类
实词
1.4 表语（predicative)
表语用来说明主语的身份、性质、品性、特征和状态，放在连系动词之后。
状态系 动词：be 动词：am, is, are…
感官系动词：smell, feel, taste, sound, look …
变化系动词：become, get, turn, go, come, grow …
持续系动词：remain, stay, keep…
十
大
词
类
实词
1.4 表语（predicative)
My hobby is reading.
His job is to teach English.
He is a Canadian.
I feel good today.
找出表语
Everything looks nice.
His face turned red.
He is happy.
十
大
词
类
实词
1.5 定语(attribute)
Guilin is a beautiful city.
China is a developing country.
There are thirty women teachers in our school.
定语是对名词或代词起修饰作用的词、短语或句子
He is a clever boy.
His father works in a steel work.
There are 54 students in our class.
He bought some sleeping pills.
找出定语
实词
Light travels most quickly.
1.6 状语(adverbial)
状语修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子，
是说明动作或状态特征的句子成分。
1. How about meeting beginning at six
2. Last night she didn’t go to the dance party because of the rain.
3. I shall go there if it doesn’t rain.
4. Mr Smith lives on the third floor.
时间状语
原因状语
条件状语
地点状语
I will be back in a while.
They are playing on the playground.
He was late because he got up late.
He got up so late that I missed the train.
找出状语
十
大
词
类
实词
We saw her entering the room.
They elected him their monitor.
They painted their boat white.
Let the fresh air in.
补语最常见的是宾语补足语，通常紧跟在宾语之后，对宾语进行补充说明。
1.7 补语 (complement)
I want to paint the desk pink.
I find English difficult.
The news made everyone excited.
找出补语
十
大
词
类
实词
We just got the news that they had won .
My friend Sue is a writer.
They two wanted to go with us.
对句中某一成分作进一步说明或解释的句子成分叫做同位语。
1.8 同位语 (Apposition)
找出同位语
We have two children, a boy and a girl.
Basic sentence structures
基本句子结构
SV主谓
SVO主谓宾
SVP（SP）主系表
SVOO主谓双宾
SVOC主谓宾+宾补
SVA主谓+状
SVOA主谓宾+状
There be...存现句
Exercises
1.She was a little anxious.
2.She would not make any new friends
3.She found her teachers and classmate friendly and helpful.
4.The teacher told them a funny story.
5.Everyone laughed so much.
6.There is a lot to explore.
SVP（SP）主系表
SVO主谓宾
SVOC主谓宾+宾补
SVOO主谓双宾
SVA主谓+状
There be...存现句
What is the sentence element of the underlined part
1.The students got on the school bus.
2.He handed me the newspaper.
3.I shall answer your question after class.
4.He took many photos in Beijing.
5.His wish is to be a scientist.
6.He found it important to have a skill.
7.He wants to finish the work in time.
8.Would you please tell me your address
9.He sat there,reading a book.
10.She saw a man enter the room.
S主语
IO间宾
V谓动
O宾语
O宾语
OC宾补
P表语
O宾语
DO直宾
A状
Exercises
Read the sentences and analyse the structures.
1. The 100-year-old school lies in the center of the city.
S V A
2. We must act.
S V
3.The maths homework looks easy.
S P
4.The teacher found the classroom empty.
S V O C
5. My mum bought me a new dictionary.
S V IO DO
6. Tom is looking forward to meeting the new exchange student.
S V O
7. There is an English Corner at our school.
There be...
8. We had chemistry in the newly built lab.
S V O A
How would you like to go to school and travel the world at the same time For Tim, that dream has come true! This term, Tim and his classmates are living on a ship! They take the same subjects as you do, like maths and English.They also learn about ships and the sea. Tim writes his parents an email every week and tells them what happened on the ship. Tim loves living on the ship.Theres always something exciting to do. And,after a long day of study,he likes to watch the sun go down and wait for the stars to come out. Studying and doing homework seem much more fun when you are at sea!
Read the passage and analyse the structures of the underlined sentences.
1.That dream has come true!
2.Tim and his classmates are living on a ship!
Read the passage and analyse the structures of the underlined sentences.
S
V
S
V
A
1.That dream has come true!
2.Tim and his classmates are living on a ship!
Read the passage and analyse the structures of the underlined sentences.
S
V
S
V
A
Read the passage and analyse the structures of the underlined sentences.
3.They also learn about ships and the sea.
4.Tim writes his parents an email every week and tells them what happened on the ship.
S
S
V
V
IO
DO
A
IO
DO
V
O
Read the passage and analyse the structures of the underlined sentences.
5.There is always something exciting to do.
6.Studying and doing homework seem much more fun
There be...
S
P
Homework
1.write a test about your first day at senior school
2.摸底测试卷中选项中不认识的词查字典，做标记，积累
3.下周物品准备：听写本、作业本、书法本、笔记本、字典
THANK YOU