2023—2024学年顺德一中高二年级开学测验
英语试题
命题人：高二英语备课组
本试卷共70题，共8页，满分120分，考试用时90分钟
2023.09
注意事项：
1、答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名和考生号、试室号、座位号填写在答题卡上，并用2B铅笔在答题卡的相应位置填涂考生号。
2、选择题作答时，选出每小题答案后，用28铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案信息点涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案。写在本试卷上无效。
3、非选择题作答时，必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡指定区域内的相应位置上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新答案；不准使用铅笔和涂改液。写在本试卷上无效。
4、考生必须保持答题卡的整洁。考试结束后将答题卡交回。
第一部分 阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2.5分，满分50分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Maya Lin, designer and sculptor, has created some of the most iconic works and spaces with the belief that art can address important issues. Her latest projects are no different, from museums to sculptures for Presidential centers.
Lin, 62, grew up in Ohio, the daughter of college professors who were Chinese immigrants. As a 21-year-old student at Yale University, she gained national fame when her entry won a design competition for the new Vietnam Veterans Memorial in Washington, DC. Her winning design — two black granite (花岗岩) walls carved with the names of US service members who died in the Vietnam War (1954-1975) or remain missing — is considered one of the most influential in modern architecture.
Lin went on to design the 1989 Civil Rights Memorial in Montgomery, Alabama, and dozens of other projects globally, all with social and environmental justice in mind. She told The Wall Street Journal she uses facts in her art. She said, “I am going to present you with what the story is, but I am not going to draw the conclusion for you.” Currently underway is Lin’s plan for the new Museum of Chinese in America in New York City. Lin said she wants it to be a celebration of Chinese American stories and contributions to the country.
Lin is also designing a sculpture to honor former President Barack Obama’s mother, who died in 1995, at the Obama Presidential Center in Illinois. When Obama awarded Lin the Presidential Medal of Freedom in 2016, he called her work “physical acts of poetry, each reminding us that the most important element in art or architecture is human emotion.”
1. What is Maya Lin’ principle to make her creation
A. Art is to lead to reputation. B. Art is a physical act of poetry.
C. Art can be a way to address affairs. D. Art is to create something distinguished.
2. What is expressed in her work for the Vietnam Veterans Memorial
A. The influence of the Vietnam War on America.
B. US soldiers’ sacrifice in the Vietnam War.
C. The bloody and cruel scenes of the Vietnam War.
D. Vietnamese soldiers’ fearless fight in the Vietnam War.
3. Where will the sculpture of Barack Obama’s mother be housed
A. Vietnam Veterans Memorial in Washington, DC.
B. Civil Rights Memorial in Montgomery, Alabama.
C. Obama Presidential Center in Illinois.
D. Museum of Chinese in America in New York City.
4. Which of the following best suits the topic of the passage
A. Stirring up emotions in art B. Designing with talents
C. Becoming a great Chinese immigrant D. Creating the most influential architecture
【答案】1. C 2. B 3. C 4. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了著名设计师兼雕塑家Maya Lin的生平事迹。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“Maya Lin, designer and sculptor, has created some of the most iconic works and spaces with the belief that art can address important issues. (设计师兼雕塑家Maya Lin创作了一些最具标志性的作品和空间，她相信艺术可以解决重要的问题)”可知，Maya Lin坚信艺术可以解决重要问题。故选C。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“Her winning design — two black granite (花岗岩) walls engraved with the names of US service members who died in the Vietnam War (1954-1975) or remain missing-is considered one of the most influential in modern architecture.(她的获奖设计是两面黑色花岗岩墙壁，上面刻有在越南战争（1954年至1975年）中死亡或失踪的美国军人的名字，被认为是现代建筑中最有影响力的设计之一)”可知，她在越南退伍军人纪念碑的作品中表达了在越南战争中美国士兵的牺牲。故选B。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Lin is also designing a sculpture to honor former President Barack Obama’s mother, who died in 1995, at the Obama Presidential Center in Illinois.(Maya Lin还在伊利诺伊州的奥巴马总统中心设计了一座雕塑，以纪念1995年去世的前总统巴拉克·奥巴马的母亲)”可知，奥巴马母亲的雕塑会挂在伊利诺伊州的奥巴马总统中心。故选C。
【4题详解】
主旨大意题。本文主要讲述了著名设计师兼雕塑家Maya Lin的生平事迹，通过所创作出的艺术作品表达了不同的情感。由此可知，B选项“在艺术中唤起情感”符合文章的主题。故选A。
B
Oliver, the CTO of a high-tech company, loved to participate in all conversations at the C-suite level, regardless of topic. He was often the first to raise his hand for a project, appeared to have infinite capacity to get high-quality work done, and offered to assist his peers and direct reports. Oliver seemed to be all-in; optimistic, energetic, supportive, and someone who constituted to everyone.
However, the more Oliver participated, the more others around him were slighted. Instead of sparking creatively in others, his ideas outshone everyone else’s. He consumed time speaking in meetings, exhausting the oxygen level in the room. Oliver felt pumped up by how many of his ideas had been deployed but frustrated by others’ lack of sufficient effort.
While the CEO appreciated Oliver’s yield, she recognized he had to change his approach to keep the rest of the team productive. In response, Oliver worked out a plan to help address his cooperation challenges using techniques many other executives had deployed.
When we over-participate, we believe that we're being helpful. However, “helpfulness” is defined by the recipient, not the giver. Instead of improving his relationships with colleagues, Oliver robbed them of fulfillment by furnishing masses of ideas. They felt discouraged, interrupted, and excluded. To fix the issue, Oliver learned the value of asking two specific questions before offering his own ideas: “What have you thought of ” and “What would be most helpful for you at this point ” Surveying others to understand what’s helpful illuminates better avenues for our contribution: directly through our ideas, through coaching colleagues to create their own, or by building on what someone else has generated.
5. What can we learn about Oliver
A. He lacks creativity. B. He favours competition.
C. He works enthusiastically. D. He behaves irresponsibly.
6. What is a result of Oliver’s over-participation
A. The team generated more diverse ideas.
B. Oliver’s colleagues became less productive.
C. Group meetings were more time-consuming.
D. Oliver’s teammates were inspired to work harder.
7. What technique did Oliver employ to fix the issue
A. Hearing others’ voices. B. Providing specific ideas.
C. Strengthening his leadership. D. Building strong relationships.
8. Which of the following can be the best title for the text
A. When Leaders Fail to Keep the Team Productive
B. When Contributing Gets in the Way of Cooperating
C How a Great Team Welcomes Ideas in a Discussion
D. How Active Participation Gives Rise to a Better Team
【答案】5. C 6. B 7. A 8. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了Oliver工作很热情，但是他的过度参与反而降低了团队的工作效率，他参与得越多，他周围的人就越受冷落。于是Oliver通过倾听他人的声音，来指导同事创造他们自己的想法，从而提高团队工作效率。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“Oliver, the CTO of a high-tech company, loved to participate in all conversations at the C-suite level, regardless of topic. He was often the first to raise his hand for a project, appeared to have infinite capacity to get high-quality work done, and offered to assist his peers and direct reports. Oliver seemed to be all-in; optimistic, energetic, supportive, and someone who constituted to everyone.(Oliver是一家高科技公司的首席技术官，他喜欢参与所有的高层对话，无论是什么话题。他常常是第一个为一个项目举手的人，似乎有无限的能力完成高质量的工作，并主动提出帮助他的同事和直接下属。Oliver似乎全力以赴；乐观、精力充沛、乐于助人，是每个人的楷模)”可推知，Oliver工作很热情。故选C。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“However, the more Oliver participated, the more others around him were slighted. Instead of sparking creatively in others, his ideas outshone everyone else’s. He consumed time speaking in meetings, exhausting the oxygen level in the room. Oliver felt pumped up by how many of his ideas had been deployed but frustrated by others’ lack of sufficient effort. (然而，Oliver参与得越多，他周围的人就越受冷落。他的想法没有激发别人的创造力，反而比别人的更有创意。他花时间在会议上发言，耗尽了房间里的氧气水平。Oliver对自己的许多想法被采纳感到鼓舞，但对其他人的努力不足感到沮丧)”可知，Oliver参与得越多，其他同事就越沮丧、不受重视、无法激发创造力，Oliver过度参与的结果是同事们的工作效率降低了。故选B。
【7题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段中“To fix the issue, Oliver learned the value of asking two specific questions before offering his own ideas: “What have you thought of ” and “What would be most helpful for you at this point ” Surveying others to understand what's helpful illuminates better avenues for our contribution: directly through our ideas, through coaching colleagues to create their own, or by building on what someone else has generated.(为了解决这个问题，Oliver学会了在提出自己的想法之前问两个具体问题的价值：“你有什么想法？”以及“此时什么对你最有帮助？”通过调查他人来了解什么是有帮助的，可以为我们的贡献指明更好的途径：直接通过我们的想法，通过指导同事创造他们自己的想法，或者在其他人的想法的基础上继续发展)”可知，Oliver通过问其他同事问题，来倾听他人的声音来解决这个问题。故选A。
【8题详解】
主旨大意题。根据最后一段“When we over-participate, we believe that we're being helpful. However, “helpfulness” is defined by the recipient, not the giver. Instead of improving his relationships with colleagues, Oliver robbed them of fulfillment by furnishing masses of ideas. They felt discouraged, interrupted, and excluded. To fix the issue, Oliver learned the value of asking two specific questions before offering his own ideas: “What have you thought of ” and “What would be most helpful for you at this point ” Surveying others to understand what's helpful illuminates better avenues for our contribution: directly through our ideas, through coaching colleagues to create their own, or by building on what someone else has generated. (当我们过度参与时，我们认为自己是在帮助别人。然而，“帮助”是由接受者定义的，而不是给予者。Oliver非但没有改善与同事的关系，反而提出了大量的想法，剥夺了他们的成就感。他们感到沮丧、被打断、被排斥。为了解决这个问题，Oliver学会了在提出自己的想法之前问两个具体问题的价值：“你有什么想法？”以及“此时什么对你最有帮助？”通过调查他人来了解什么是有帮助的，可以为我们的贡献指明更好的途径：直接通过我们的想法，通过指导同事创造他们自己的想法，或者在其他人的想法的基础上继续发展)”结合文章主要讲述了Oliver工作很热情，但是他的过度参与（对团队的贡献）反而降低了团队的工作效率，他参与得越多，他周围的人就越受冷落，不利于合作。于是Oliver通过倾听他人的声音，来指导同事创造他们自己的想法，从而提高团队工作效率。可知，B选项“当贡献妨碍合作时”最符合文章标题。故选B。
C
The heat dome roasting millions of people across the Pacific Northwest, sending temperatures in usually temperate places to record-breaking triple digits, has already claimed hundreds of lives. And those are just the ones we can count so far.
Climate change has increased average temperatures by 1℃ Celsius over the past century, making heat waves like this one more frequent and intense than those from any other point in recorded history. A worldwide study published last month in Nature Climate Change found global warming responsible for 37 percent of heat-related deaths between 1991 and 2018. As temperatures tick ever higher, that figure may well rise.
The following is what happens if you’re one of the next people whom extreme heat kills, according to W. Lawrence Kenney, an expert at Penn State University.
First, your brain sends a series of messages to your sweat glands (腺体) telling them to ramp up sweat production. Then your heart starts beating faster to pump blood to the skin. That’s your body attempting to make your skin hotter than the air outside, in hopes of moving heat away from you. Sometimes that alone is enough to create problems for a weak or aging heart. If your body fails to cool you down, its internal temperature might start to climb. At that temperature, the tissues in the brain become affected. Before long, you might not know where you are or what time it is. You might collapse. You may lose consciousness. While you struggle to stay awake and avoid dizzying confusion, the excessive internal heat will likely trigger an inflammatory (发炎的) response. Left untreated, what follows is organ failure that leads to all but certain death.
And that’s just part of what we know about how extreme heat kills you.
“It’s important for people to understand that there’s still a lot we don’t know about heat stroke and who’s most susceptible (易受影响的) to it,” Kenney said. “That’s because we can’t ethically study it in humans in the laboratory. A lot of what we know comes from studies on animal models, like mice and rats, or from body examinations of people who have died of heat stroke.”
9. What can we learn from Paragraph 2
A. Rise in temperature is positively related to heat-related deaths.
B. Heat waves are weaker and can be seen less frequently nowadays.
C. Climate change has mainly triggered temperature decrease over the past century.
D. Global warming contribute to most deaths related to heat between 1991 and 2018.
10. What will happen to the person killed by extreme heat
A. His heart will receive messages from the brain to pump blood.
B. His body will turn cooler due to the quick response of the skin.
C. He will have skin problems for weak or aging tissues.
D. He will suffer from confusion, faint or even break down.
11. Which of the following words can replace “ramp” in Paragraph 4
A. Take. B. Speed. C. Turn. D. Build.
12. By quoting Kenney’s words, the writer wants to ________.
A. reveal how studies on animal models are carried out in the laboratory
B. explain why humans cannot be used for experiments to study heat stroke
C illustrate many factors have influenced heat stroke and the deaths
D. prove people know little about heat stroke and its contributing factor
【答案】9. A 10. D 11. B 12. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了热穹顶等气温过高现象与死亡的关系。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“A worldwide study published last month in Nature Climate Change found global warming responsible for 37 percent of heat-related deaths between 1991 and 2018. As temperatures tick ever higher, that figure may well rise.(上个月发表在《自然气候变化》杂志上的一项全球研究发现，1991年至2018年期间，37%的热相关死亡是由全球变暖造成的。随着气温越来越高，这个数字很可能会上升)”可知，温度越高，高温死亡率越高，两者呈正相关。故选A。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“Before long, you might not know where you are or what time it is. You might collapse. You may lose consciousness.(不久之后，你可能不知道自己在哪里，也不知道现在是什么时间。你可能会崩溃。你可能会失去知觉)”可知，中暑而亡的人会经历“意识不清，晕倒或者身体垮掉”这一过程。故选D。
【11题详解】
词义猜测题。根据下文“Then your heart starts beating faster to pump blood to the skin. That’s your body attempting to make your skin hotter than the air outside, in hopes of moving heat away from you. (然后你的心跳开始加快，将血液泵入皮肤。这是你的身体试图让你的皮肤比外面的空气更热，希望把热量从你身上转移出去)”可知，划线词所在的句子意思是：首先，你的大脑向汗腺发送一系列信息，告诉它们增加汗液的分泌。由此可知，划线词ramp意为“加速”。故选B。
【12题详解】
推理判断题。根据第五段“And that’s just part of what we know about how extreme heat kills you.(这只是我们所知道的极端高温如何致人死亡的一部分)”以及第六段“‘It’s important for people to understand that there’s still a lot we don’t know about heat stroke and who’s most susceptible to it,’ Kenney said.(肯尼说：“重要的是要让人们明白，我们对中暑还有很多不了解的地方，也不知道谁最容易中暑)”可知，通过引用专家的话，作者想要证明人们对中暑及其促成因素了解较少。故选D。
D
Lucy Hobbs came to the University of Wisconsin already knowing she wanted to study nursing so she could make a positive difference in the lives of others. Once she was on campus, she realized she could make an even greater impact on her future patients by adding a second major (专业), one in Spanish.
“I was drawn to nursing because I want a career that will be fulfilling and will help me serve others,” says Hobbs. “I chose to add a major in Spanish because I love learning about other cultures, and I want to do something for those easily ignored populations in my nursing career.”
In addition to her nursing and Spanish curriculum, Hobbs found multiple interesting ways to bring her majors together, including things like research and study abroad. Hobbs was part of a research project that is documenting the experiences of Spanish-speaking populations in western Wisconsin during Covid-19. The research team included students and teachers in languages, history and nursing.
In addition to her research,studying abroad was also helpful. She spent part of the spring 2020 semester studying in Costa Rica. “This was my first time outside of the U.S. and I learned so much about Costa Rican culture,” Hobbs says.
While she found many opportunities within her majors, Hobbs also had meaningful experiences on campus that were outside of nursing and Spanish. For example, she worked as a resident assistant in the dorms and is a member of the University Honors Program. “All these experiences helped me to enhance my time on campus by giving me opportunities to meet amazing and inspiring individuals who I believe will remain lifetime friends,”
Hobbs says, “All these experiences also helped to shape how I think about the future.” After she graduates in May, Hobbs will begin her nursing career working in the emergency room at UW Health’s University Hospital in Madison.
13. What did Hobbs do after she entered university
A. She realized her interest in nursing.
B. She decided to learn more besides her major.
C. She made a difference in others’ lives.
D. She influenced her future patients greatly.
14. Why did Hobbs add a major in Spanish
A. To help others with their Spanish.
B. To do research in various cultures.
C. To receive further education in Spain.
D. To provide nursing care for less focused people.
15. What is helpful in Hobbs’s achieving her goals
A. Going abroad to change her life.
B. Beginning her nursing career early.
C. Developing as many hobbies as she could.
D. Getting different experiences besides her study.
16. Which of the following best describes Hobbs
A. Humorous. B. Intelligent.
C. Hardworking. D. independent
【答案】13. B 14. D 15. D 16. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Lucy Hobbs上大学后决定在护理专业之外学习西班牙语并参与各种研究实践活动，以实现未来服务好病人的愿望。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段的“Once she was on campus, she realized she could make an even greater impact on her future patients by adding a second major (专业), one in Spanish. (一到学校，她就意识到她可以通过增加第二个专业——西班牙语专业——对她未来的病人产生更大的影响)”可知，上大学后Hobbs决定在专业之外学习更多的知识。故选B。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段的“I chose to add a major in Spanish because I love learning about other cultures, and I want to do something for those easily ignored populations in my nursing career.(我选择了西班牙语专业，因为我喜欢学习其他文化，我想在我的护理生涯中为那些容易被忽视的人群做些事情)”可知，Hobbs学习西班牙语专业是为那些被关注较少的人提供护理服务。故选D。
【15题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段的“In addition to her research, studying abroad was also helpful.(除了她的研究，出国留学也很有帮助)”，第五段的“While she found many opportunities within her majors, Hobbs also had meaningful experiences on campus that were outside of nursing and Spanish.(虽然她在自己的专业内找到了很多机会，但Hobbs在校园里也有很多在护理和西班牙语之外的有意义的经历)”及最后一段的“All these experiences also helped to shape how I think about the future.(所有这些经历也帮助塑造了我对未来的看法)”可知，除了学习之外，获得不同的经历有助于Hobbs实现她的目标。故选D。
【16题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段的“Once she was on campus, she realized she could make an even greater impact on her future patients by adding a second major (专业), one in Spanish. (一到学校，她就意识到她可以通过增加第二个专业——西班牙语专业——对她未来的病人产生更大的影响)”和第三段的“In addition to her nursing and Spanish curriculum, Hobbs found multiple interesting ways to bring her majors together, including things like research and study abroad.(除了护理和西班牙语课程外，Hobbs还发现了多种有趣的方式来整合她的专业，包括研究和海外学习)”可知，Hobbs是个非常勤奋、努力的人。故选C。
E
Christy and Ted Wilson set aside time every Sunday evening to go over their shared to-do list. Most of the items are tasks like scheduling doctor appointments and organizing play dates for their three young children.
In every relationship, there’s a question of who is pulling their weight around the house. Now that a majority of married-couple families have two working parents, the old “rough day at the office” excuse doesn’t really cut it.
Women still handle more of the household activities, but men increasingly are spending time on food preparation and cleanup. To keep things fair or at least to avoid fights, couples are turning to technology. They are using project management apps designed for the workplace to divide up and track household to-dos and reserving a portion of their date nights to compare chores. In some cases, they are even turning it into a game, setting rewards for getting things done.
The imbalance doesn’t always follow gender lines (性别界线). There was a time when Mr. Wilson was in more of a “Mr. Mom” role: He was attending business school, while Mrs. Wilson was clocking long hours as a lawyer. So Mr. Wilson had more flexibility to take on more of the child-care and household-management work. The couple’s roles changed after Mr. Wilson graduated and started an e-commerce company. “We have had a lot of switching back and forth of who was in the driver’s seat in terms of household management so one person wasn’t too put upon,” she said. They began using calendars to keep the family schedules straight and sharing a to-do list in the Notes app on their phones. Each can take on chores the other dislikes.
17. What does the underlined part “pulling their weight around the house” in Paragraph 2 probably mean
A. Taking on the household chores. B. Sharing the burden of buying a house.
C. Running around the house to lose weight. D. Making excuses for not doing any housework.
18. Why does the couple turn to project management apps
A. To stop their arguments over dates. B. To play phone games with each other.
C. To share and follow household to-dos. D. To reward themselves for doing the housework.
19. What can we infer from the Wilsons’ example
A. Gender plays a key role in management.
B. Couples need to switch their roles each day.
C. Digital apps can only handle household arguments.
D. Understanding and sharing can help solve problems.
20. What would be the best title for the text
A. Ways to finish housework. B. Advantages of the Notes app.
C. A family to-do list goes digital. D. Working parents face difficulties.
【答案】17. A 18. C 19. D 20. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述家庭分工走向数字化，职场父母使用一些应用程序来分配和追踪家庭待办事项。
【17题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第二段中“Now that a majority of married-couple families have two working parents, the old “rough day at the office” excuse doesn’t really cut it.(现在，大多数已婚夫妇家庭都有两个工作的父母，老的“在办公室里一切都很不顺”的借口并没有真正起作用)”和第三段中的“Women still handle more of the household activities, but men increasingly are spending time on food preparation and cleanup.(女性仍然要处理更多的家务活，但男性越来越多地把时间花在食物准备和清理上)”可知，大多数已婚夫妇都在工作，在家庭生活中都承担着自己的责任，pulling their weight around the house在此处意为“承担家务”。故选A项。
【18题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中的“They are using project management apps designed for the workplace to divide up and track household to-dos and reserving a portion of their date nights to compare chores.(他们正在使用专为工作场所设计的项目管理应用程序来划分和跟踪家庭事务，并预留一部分晚间约会时间来比较家务)”可知，夫妻俩转向项目管理应用是为了划分和跟踪家庭事务。故选C项。
【19题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段中的“The imbalance doesn’t always follow gender lines (性别界线). There was a time when Mr. Wilson was in more of a “Mr. Mom” role: He was attending business school, while Mrs. Wilson was clocking long hours as a lawyer. So Mr. Wilson had more flexibility to take on more of the child-care and household-management work. (这种不平衡并不总是遵循性别界限。曾几何时，Wilson先生更像是一个“妈妈先生”的角色：他在商学院上学，而Wilson夫人则是一名很忙的律师。所以Wilson先生有更大的灵活性来承担更多的儿童保育和家庭管理工作)”和““We have had a lot of switching back and forth of who was in the driver’s seat in terms of household management so one person wasn’t too put upon,” she said. (她说：“在家庭管理方面，我们经常在由谁来掌舵这个问题上来回转换，这样就不会让一个人受到太大的压力。”)”可知，Wilson一家人的相处方式并不受性别界限，Wilson先生也会充当“妈妈先生”的角色，Wilson夫人认为家庭管理应该两人共同分担，可得出两夫妻的家庭管理是建立在互相理解、接纳的基础上，理解有助于解决问题。故选D项。
【20题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第三段中的“To keep things fair or at least to avoid fights, couples are turning to technology. (为了保持公平或者至少是为了避免争吵，夫妻们正在转向科技)”，第四段中的“They began using calendars to keep the family schedules straight and sharing a to-do list in the Notes app on their phones. (他们开始使用日历来保持家庭日程的整洁，并在手机上的Notes应用程序中共享待办事项列表)”以及全文内容可知，文章主要讲述家庭分工走向数字化，职场父母使用一些应用程序来分配和追踪家庭待办事项，C项“一个家庭的待办事项清单变得数字化”符合文意。故选C项。
第二部分 选句填空（共10小题，每小题2.5分，满分25分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。
Wasted-time worry
The idea that time is our most precious resource can bring with it a sense of time-pressure. We are always told “Time is money and time is running out”, so we must manage it well. We take time-management courses, download the latest productivity app and divide our day into blocks, so our time is never wasted.
______21______ . It tells us we should be doing more with our time or doing something else. We can spend an afternoon regretting for the time we wasted that morning, spoiling hours that would otherwise have been available to us. Sometimes it’s not just the hours we worry about wasting, ______22______ —the countless minutes spent on tiny chores, answering emails, replying to texts, waiting for other people. Often, when we worry about wasting time, we are comparing ourselves to how productive we assume other people are. It makes us feel that everyone is using their time well except ourselves.
We need to shift away from trying to maximize our time and reduce our worry about wasting it. We don’t have to view every moment we don’t spend the way we expected to as a waste. There may be value in those moments too. ______23______ . In a society that emphasizes the productive use of time, we can easily forget that time we enjoyed wasting is not wasted time.
Then how much should we be working Researchers say on most days, three to four hours of high-quality, focused mental work is about our maximum. ______24______ .
We often encounter empty time, throwing us into boredom, panic or anxiety, or add to our wasted-time worry. ______25______ . For example, we can become more comfortable with empty moments rather than rushing to make the best of every second. We can allow us to pause and think. We can see our commuting time as a chance to let our mind wander rather than checking social media.
A. Working beyond that can be a waste
B. Working to maximum is the secret to success
C. but the scraps of time that get lost in between
D. We can simply appreciate the part they played in our life
E. However, we need some hours in the day to waste as we wish
F. We can simply set aside more moments for the work of the day
G. Yet in our crazy attempts to account for every hour, we fall into wasted-time worry
【答案】21. G 22. C 23. D 24. A 25. E
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了人在生活中拥有浪费时间的担忧，但是作者认为这是不必要的。
【21题详解】
根据后文的“It tells us we should be doing more with our time or doing something else.(它告诉我们，我们应该用我们的时间做更多的事情或做其他事情。)”可知，此处强调的是我们总是被告知要充分利用时间，利用时间去做更多的事情或者其他的事情，故我们深深陷入一种时间焦虑或者时间担忧的情绪中。G选项“Yet in our crazy attempts to account for every hour, we fall into wasted-time worry.(然而，在我们疯狂地试图解释每一个小时的时候，我们陷入了浪费时间的担忧中。)”与下文的It呼应，符合语境。故选G。
【22题详解】
根据前文的“Sometimes it’s not just the hours we worry about wasting,(有时候，我们担心浪费的不仅仅是时间，)”可知，此处强调的是有时候，我们担心浪费的不仅仅是时间，后文应该与此构成转折关系，即强调我们还有其他的担心。C选项“but the scraps of time that get lost in between(但是在这中间丢失的零碎时间)”与前文构成转折关系，并指出其他的担忧是在一些琐碎的小事中丢失零碎时间，引出下文“the countless minutes spent on tiny chores, answering emails, replying to texts, waiting for other people(无数分钟花在琐碎的琐事上，回复邮件，回复短信，等待他人)”举例讲在一些琐碎的小事中丢失零碎时间。故选C。
【23题详解】
根据前文的“We don’t have to view every moment we don’t spend the way we expected to as a waste. There may be value in those moments too.(我们不必把没有按预期方式度过的每一刻都视为浪费。这些时刻也可能有价值。)”可知，此处强调我们没有必要把没有按预期方式度过的每一刻都视为浪费，后文应该强调我们可以承认被浪费时间的价值。D选项“We can simply appreciate the part they played in our life.(我们可以简单地欣赏它们在我们生命中所扮演的角色。)”承接上文，承认被浪费时间在生命中的价值。故选D。
【24题详解】
根据前文“Researchers say on most days, three to four hours of high-quality, focused mental work is about our maximum. (研究人员表示，在大多数日子里，三到四个小时的高质量、专注的脑力劳动是我们的极限。)”指出，三到四个小时的高质量、专注的脑力劳动是我们的极限。后文对此极限进行探讨。A选项“Working beyond that can be a waste.(超出这个范围工作可能是一种浪费。)”中的that指代前文的three to four hours of high-quality。故选A。
【25题详解】
根据后文“For example, we can become more comfortable with empty moments rather than rushing to make the best of every second. (例如，我们可以更适应空虚的时刻，而不是急于充分利用每一秒。)”可知，此处举例说明我们可以在某些时候虚度光阴，而不是急于充分利用每一秒。E选项“However, we need some hours in the day to waste as we wish。(然而，我们一天中需要一些时间来随心所欲地浪费。)”强调我们一天中需要一些时间来随心所欲地浪费，与下文呼应。故选E。
B
Can creativity be taught That’s a question without a simple yes or no answer. Creativity may not be able to be taught directly, but what you can get better at is frequently targeting at the circumstances of life which bring up the greatest chances for true creative expression. ___26___, but more like something which manifests （显现） itself inside those who learn to develop it and create the right conditions for it.
Limit your selection of tools to only the most vital. ___27___. You’ll be sharper than someone who merely fights with a larger set of tools.
Learn how to be resourceful. ___28___. Creativity is not just about creating something new but making old things work better as well. Think of crazy possibilities as well as practical ones. You might find inspiration for a workable solution in one of your ideas.
Don’t listen to feedback （反馈） and keep following your own path. The problem of asking for feedback is that the feedback will be given according to the person’s past experience. Others will unconsciously push you in a direction that they see as best. ___29___. Just don’t let criticism （even the constructing type） destroy your creativity during the creative process.
___30___. Routines are positive if they strengthen a healthy creative consciousness and negative if they destroy that. The key is to discover a creative routine that puts you in a more creative mindset.
A. Creativity is not like a lightning strike
B. Having a routine is actually not a bad idea
C. You can literally do anything you like with them
D. Resourcefulness is about making the most of what you have to work with
E. The more limited your set of tools is, the more creative the output will be
F. This is done with good intentions, but it actually hurts your natural creativity
G. While breaking your routine once in a while to force new ways of thinking is good
【答案】26. A 27. E 28. D 29. F 30. B
【解析】
【分析】本文为议论文。创造力是被教会的吗？作者对此做出了分析和解释，认为经常处于有创造性的生活环境中，人的创造力是可以得到更好的激发的。
【26题详解】
根据下文but more like something which manifests （显现） itself inside those who learn to develop it and create the right conditions for it.的转折关系可知，创造力不是像闪电突然爆发的，而是更像是在那些有所准备的人的内心深处显现出来的东西。故选A 。
【27题详解】
根据上一句可知，只选择最重要的工具。本句做出解释，表明原因：你的工具越有限，产出就会越有创意。故选E。
【28题详解】
根据空格前后句意可知，此处为衔接，对上一句“resourceful”进行解释，并且引出下文“创造力不仅仅是创造一些新的东西，而是让旧的东西更好地工作。”故选项D. Resourcefulness is about making the most of what you have to work with.要充分利用你所拥有的一切，符合题意，故选D。
【29题详解】
根据本段话主题句Don’t listen to feedback （反馈） and keep following your own path. 可知，要坚持走自己的路，不要听从别人的经验之谈，别人会无意识地把你推向他们认为最好的方向。这样做是出于好意，但实际上会伤害你的自然创造力。故选F 。
【30题详解】
根据段落结构可知，此处为主题句。根据本段论述的中心大意可知，好的习惯是积极的，要养成能够让你的思维更具创造力的好习惯，所以，形成惯例其实不是一个坏主意，故选B 。
第三部分 完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Lionel Messi was born on June 24, 1987, in Argentina. He was nicknamed “Leo”. He was the third child in a middle-class family who loved football. ____31____, young Leo developed a passion for football himself.
At four years old, Leo joined the Grandoli local club, where he was ____32____ by his father. Leo practiced day in and day out, ____33____ outings with his friends before a game. His father continued Leo’s ____34____ even though he battled with money and struggled to make the best of his child. Football made Leo happy and ____35____ him. He began to dream of becoming a professional footballer.
His grandmother used to ____36____ accompany Leo to training sessions as a child. When he was 10, his grandmother passed away. The family was shocked and her ____37____ affected Messi beyond description. He didn’t ____38____ a football for weeks, but his father encouraged him to carry on. He returned, aiming to make his grandmother ____39____. After every goal, he would point two fingers towards the sky, dedicating the ____40____ to his grandmother.
But as he grew older, his height remained the same. He was ____41____ with an inability to grow. This meant he ____42____ being a dwarf unless he received special treatment, which would cost $1,500 per month.
Despite all of these ____43____, Messi remained positive and hopeful. Hard effort paid off. F. C Barcelona hired Messi and signed a (n) ____44____ with him on a napkin.
As the seasons went on, the talented football player kept improving and breaking his own records. Now he has ____45____ his goal of bringing home a world cup and made history.
31. A. Surprisingly B. Personally C. Naturally D. Eventually
32. A. coached B. pushed C. raised D. scolded
33. A. considering B. skipping C. blocking D. arranging
34. A. description B. expectation C. motivation D. instruction
35. A. motivated B. benefited C. comforted D. affected
36. A. entirely B. routinely C. sincerely D. properly
37. A. company B. attention C. absence D. presence
38. A. touch B. pick C. grab D. tackle
39. A. amazed B. unique C. sacred D. proud
40. A. outcome B. victory C. credit D. wonder
41. A. diagnosed B. infected C. surrounded D. associated
42. A. turned out B. ended up C. kept up D. stood out
43. A. changes B. crises C. losses D. obstacles
44. A. file B. signature C. contract D. initiative
45. A. pursued B. challenged C. scored D. achieved
【答案】31. C 32. A 33. B 34. D 35. A 36. B 37. C 38. A 39. D 40. B 41. A 42. B 43. D 44. C 45. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。这篇文章主要讲述了阿根廷足球运动员梅西的成长经历和职业生涯，包括他从小就对足球的热情，以及在面对身高障碍和祖母去世等困难时如何坚持努力，并最终成为一名成功的足球运动员。
【31题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：很自然，年轻的利奥自己也对足球产生了热情。A. Surprisingly令人惊讶的 ；B. Personally个人地；C. Naturally自然地；D. Eventually最终。根据“He was the third child in a middle-class family who loved football.(他是一个中产阶级家庭中的第三个孩子，喜欢足球。)”可知，梅西从小热爱足球。自然而然地就形成了对足球的热衷。 故选C。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：四岁时，利奥加入了格兰多利当地俱乐部，在那里他由父亲执教。A. coached指导；B. pushed推动；C. raised抬起；D. scolded责骂。根据“At four years old, Leo joined the Grandoli local club(四岁时，利奥加入了格兰多利当地俱乐部) ”可知，后面的where引导的的是定语从句，补充说明他父亲在那家俱乐部工作，所以是亲自教他儿子。故选A。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：利奥日复一日地练习，在比赛前不去和朋友们一起郊游。A. considering考虑；B. skipping跳过；不参加；C. blocking阻挡；D. arranging安排。 根据“Leo practiced day in and day out(利奥日复一日地练习)”可知，他一门心思日复一日的练习足球，所以他没有和朋友一起外出玩耍的时间。skip 意为“不参加”。故选B。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他的父亲继续接受利奥的教导，尽管他与金钱作斗争，努力让孩子发挥出最好的一面。A. description描述；B. expectation期望；C. motivation动机；D. instruction指导。根据前文“At four years old, Leo joined the Grandoli local club, where he was coached by his father.(四岁时，利奥加入了格兰多利当地俱乐部，在那里他由父亲执教。)”可知，梅西加入俱乐部以来就是由他父亲教他。所以即使他父亲自己遇到困难，仍然继续教他儿子。instruction 意为“指导”。故选D。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：足球让利奥很开心，也激励了他。A. motivated激励；B. benefited受益；C. comforted安慰；D. affected影响。根据后文“He began to dream of becoming a professional footballer.(他开始梦想成为一名职业足球运动员。)”可知，足球给梅西带来快乐，也激励他追求梦想。故选A。
【36题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：小时候，他的祖母经常陪利奥参加训练。A. entirely完全；B. routinely日常地；C. sincerely真诚；D. properly适当。根据“used to(过去常常)”可知，小时候是祖母每天陪伴梅西完成训练任务。routinely意为“日常地”，符合原意。故选B。
【37题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：家人都很震惊，她的缺席给梅西带来了难以形容的影响。A. company公司；B. attention注意力；C. absence缺席；D. presence出席。根据“When he was 10, his grandmother passed away.(在十岁那年，他的祖母去世了。)”可知，祖母的离世，让全家人倍感难过。梅西也深受影响。absence意为缺席，此处意为“离开，离世”。故选C。
【38题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他好几个星期都没碰足球，但他的父亲鼓励他继续踢下去。A. touch触摸；B. pick挑选；C. grab抓住；D. tackle应对。根据后文“but his father encouraged him to carry on. (父亲鼓励他继续踢下去。)”可知，由于祖母的离世给梅西带来了很大的影响，以至于他几个星期没有碰球。他的父亲才鼓励他化悲痛为力量，继续踢球。故选A。
【39题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他回到训练场，目的是让他的祖母感到骄傲。A. amazed惊奇的；B. unique独特的；C. sacred神圣的；D. proud自豪的；骄傲的。根据“He returned(他回到训练场)”可知，父亲鼓励梅西化悲痛为力量继续踢球触动了梅西，梅西重返训练场，是想要祖母为他感到骄傲。故选D。
【40题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：每进一球，他都会把两根手指指向天空，把胜利献给他祖母。A. outcome结果；B. victory胜利；C. credit信用；D. wonder惊奇。根据“After every goal, he would point two fingers towards the sky.(每进一球，他都会把两根手指指向天空。)”可知，梅西每次进球，手指向天空，这是在向天堂的祖母传递进球的胜利。故选B。
【41题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他被诊断为不能生长。A. diagnosed诊断；B. infected感染；C. surrounded包围；D. associated关联。根据“But as he grew older, his height remained the same(随着年龄增加但身高不长。)”可知，梅西停止身高的增长，暗示他可能生病。结果被诊断为不能生长。.故选A。
【42题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：这意味着，除非他每月花1500美元进行特殊医治，否则他最终会成为一名侏儒。A. turned out结果是；B. ended up结束；C. kept up坚持；D. stood out突出。根据后文“unless he received special treatment(如果不进行特殊治疗)”可知，梅西如果不进行特殊治疗，结果可能会很不理想。end up being a dwarf意为“以侏儒告终”，是一个不好的结果，符合原意。 故选B。
【43题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：尽管有这些障碍，梅西仍然保持着积极和希望。A. changes变化；B. crises危机；C. losses损失；D. obstacles障碍。从上文可知，祖母离世的打击到梅西身高停止生长，这些都是他遇到的一些困难和挫折。但是梅西依旧保持积极乐观，对未来充满希望。obstacles意为“ 障碍”，与困难挫折是同义表达。故选D。
【44题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：艰苦的努力得到了回报。巴塞罗那足球俱乐部聘请了梅西，并与他签了一份非正式的合同。A. file文件；B. signature签名；C. contract合同；D. initiative倡议。根据“Hard effort paid off.(艰苦的努力得到了回报。)”可知，后文是补充说明他得到的回报：即与巴塞罗那俱乐部签署合同。故选C 。
【45题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：现在，他已经实现了将世界杯带回家的目标，并创造了历史。A. pursued追求；B. challenged挑战；C. scored得分；D. achieved实现。根据后文“bringing home a world cup and made history.(把世界杯带回家并创造历史。)”可知，梅西实现了自己的目标。故选D。
第四部分 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Yu Rong, a Chinese artist, thinks of a new way to introduce ____46____ ancient story of Hua Mulan in her picture book. In the book, I Am Hua Mulan, she tells the story by ____47____ (combine) paper-cutting with international artistic styles. She places Shaanxi paper-cuts over western-style pencil sketches (素描) ____48____ (create) a typical presentation of Chinese elements, which turns out to be a successful and impressive breakthrough.
Hua Mulan, ____49____ story has been told by generations in China, was a fighter from the Northern Wei Dynasty (386-534). As a ____50____ (devote) daughter, she dressed herself as a man to serve in the army ____51____ place of her father. Mulan’s characteristics, such as courage, kindness and a disinterested attitude toward fame and fortune, made ____52____ (she) one of the most respected historical Chinese heroines. Mulan’s story has been adapted ____53____ (frequent) in modern media. For example, in 1998, Disney produced a film named Mulan, which ____54____ (consider) a great success by critics and the public.
To better tell the story, Yu Rong takes inspiration from her several visits to sites of ancient battles and Henan Province’s Yu Opera _____55_____ after years of preparations she finally makes this extraordinary work.
【答案】46. the
bining
48. to create
49. whose 50. devoted
51. in 52. her
53. frequently
54. was considered
55. and##so
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一个叫做Yu Rong的艺术家把剪纸艺术和花木兰的故事结合起来，更好地讲述这个故事。
【46题详解】
考查冠词。句意：一位著名的艺术家Yu Rong想出了一种新的在她的图画书里介绍花木兰这个古老的故事的方法。此处特指花木兰的故事，应使用定冠词the，故填the。
【47题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：在《我是花木兰》一书中，她将剪纸与国际艺术风格相结合，讲述了这个故事。介词by后面应使用动名词作宾语，故填combining。
【48题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：她将陕西剪纸置于西式铅笔画之上，创造了一种典型的中国元素呈现，这是一个成功而令人印象深刻的突破。此处create在句中作目的状语，应使用动词不定式，故填to create。
【49题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：花木兰是北魏（386—534）时期的一名战士，她的故事在中国代代相传。空处引导非限制性定语从句，定语从句的先行词Hua Mulan与story之间存在所属关系，应用关系代词whose作从句定语。故填whose。
【50题详解】
考查形容词。句意：作为一个孝顺的女儿，她把自己打扮成男人代替父亲去参军。修饰名词daughter应用形容词devoted作定语，故填devoted。
【51题详解】
考查介词。句意：作为一个孝顺的女儿，她把自己打扮成男人代替父亲去参军。分析句子结构可知，此处不缺主要成分，用介词短语作状语即可，“代替”表达为in place of，故填in。
【52题详解】
考查代词。句意：木兰勇敢、善良、淡泊名利的性格使她成为中国历史上最受尊敬的女英雄之一。动词made后应使用宾格代词her，故填her。
【53题详解】
考查副词。句意：花木兰的故事经常被现代媒体改编。修饰动词adapt应用副词frequently作状语，故填frequently。
【54题详解】
考查时态语态。句意：例如，1998年，迪斯尼制作了一部名为《花木兰》的电影，被评论家和公众认为是一个巨大的成功。此处为非限制性定语从句的谓语动词，从句主语which（指代先行词film）与从句谓语动词consider之间存在被动关系，结合时间状语in 1998，用一般过去时的被动语态，谓语用单数。故填was considered。
【55题详解】
考查连词。句意：为了更好地讲述这个故事，Yu Rong从她多次访问古代战场和河南豫剧中获得灵感，并且/因此经过多年的准备，她终于完成了这部非凡的作品。此处理解为并列关系或因果关系，可用并列连词and或so。故填and/so。
第五部分 单词拼写（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
根据下列各句句意及所给单词的首字母或汉语提示，用单词的恰当形式填空，并把完整单词填写在答题卷相应的位置上。
56. Listening to__________（古典的）music can help you concentrate your attention and feel relaxed.(根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】classical
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：听古典音乐可以帮助你集中注意力，放松心情。古典的为classical，作定语。故填classical。
57. He was the first comedian I ever saw on the s__________. (根据首字母提示单词拼写)
【答案】stage##tage
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：他是我在舞台上看到过的第一位滑稽演员。根据句意和首字母提示，应填stage“舞台”作宾语，on the stage“在舞台上”是故定搭配，故填stage。
58. The painting needs more light and__________（阴影）to make it look real. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】shade
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：这幅画需要更多的明暗来使它看起来真实。根据并列连词and前名词light可知，用名词形式。“阴影”英文为shade，为不可数名词。根据汉语提示及句意，故填shade。
59. He reminded me to remember to pull out the charger（电充）when the b__________is full. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】battery##attery
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：他提醒我，当电池充满时，要记得把充电器拔出来。根据上文“pull out the charger（电充）”可知，空处填名词battery作主语，根据charger可知用该名词的单数形式。故填battery。
60. The young leader of the company is trying his best to o__________the present difficulty these days. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】overcome##vercome
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：公司的年轻领导正在尽最大努力克服目前的困难。try one’s best to do sth.尽某人最大的努力做某事。根据首字母提示及句意，用动词overcome，表示“克服”之意。故填overcome。
61. As we all know, fish prefer shallow water to deep water because the f__________is warmer. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】former##ormer
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：众所周知，鱼喜欢浅水而不喜欢深水，因为前者更暖和。根据句意和首字母提示应填former“（两者中）前者的”，the former表示“（两者中的）前者”，符合句意，故填former。
62. She is an o__________female worker. However she has made striking contributions to the community. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】ordinary##rdinary
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：她是一个普通的女工。然而，她为社区做出了惊人的贡献。分析句子结构可知，空后是名词，所以空处应填形容词作定语，根据所给首字母，应是ordinary“普通的”。故填ordinary。
63. You will break down sooner or later if you go on i________ your health. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】ignoring
【解析】
【详解】考查动词和动名词。句意：如果你继续忽视自己的健康，你迟早会出问题的。根据“You will break down sooner or later”可知，此处是指如果你继续忽视自己的健康。根据首字母i可知，此处应用动词ignore表示“忽视”。go on doing意为 “继续做某事”，为固定搭配，此处用动名词作介词on的宾语。故填ignoring。
64. When we got closer to the glass door, we found that it was a__________. It could close or open by itself. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】automatic##utomatic
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：当我们靠近玻璃门时，我们发现它是自动的。它可以自行关闭或打开。分析可知空处应为形容词作表语，结合句意可知表示“自动的”，故填automatic。
65. What if we were more f__________with our time We should not stick to the planned timetable without change. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】flexible##lexible
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：如果我们在时间上更灵活些呢？我们不应该毫不改变地坚持计划中的时间表。根据句意以及首字母提示可知，空处应用形容词flexible，表示“灵活的”，作句子表语，符合题意。故填flexible。
66. If you want to have a f__________understanding of the movement, click here. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】further##urther
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：如果你想对运动有进一步的了解，点击这里。分析句子，设空处使用形容词作定语，表示“进一步的，更多的”用further。故填further。
67. After reading the biography of Tu Youyou, I couldn’t help but show r__________for her determination. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】respect##espect
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：读完屠呦呦的传记，我不禁对她的决心表示敬意。分析句子设空处使用名词作宾语，句中show respect for为固定短语，意为“向……表示尊敬”用respect。故填respect。
68. There is a huge g__________in learning habits between top students and slower students. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】gap##ap
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：优等生和差生在学习习惯上存在着巨大的差距。分析句子结构可知，本句是there be句型，空前是形容词，所以空处应填名词作主语，根据所给首字母，应是gap意为“差距”，冠词a提示主语为单数。故填gap。
69. S_______ is the sport of riding on the top of a wave while standing or lying on a special board. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】Surfing
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：冲浪是一种站着或躺在特制的冲浪板上，在浪尖上冲浪的运动。根据单词首字母以及句意“冲浪”，可知应填名词surfing，作主语，不可数，句首单词首字母要大写。故填Surfing。
70. You should be able to guess the meaning of the word from the c__________. (根据首字母提示单词拼写)
【答案】context##ontext
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：你应该能够从上下文中猜出这个词的意思。根据句意以及首字母提示可知，空处应用名词context，表示“上下文”，用于定冠词the之后，作介词for的宾语。故填context。2023—2024学年顺德一中高二年级开学测验
英语试题
命题人：高二英语备课组
本试卷共70题，共8页，满分120分，考试用时90分钟
2023.09
注意事项：
1、答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名和考生号、试室号、座位号填写在答题卡上，并用2B铅笔在答题卡的相应位置填涂考生号。
2、选择题作答时，选出每小题答案后，用28铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案信息点涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案。写在本试卷上无效。
3、非选择题作答时，必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡指定区域内的相应位置上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新答案；不准使用铅笔和涂改液。写在本试卷上无效。
4、考生必须保持答题卡的整洁。考试结束后将答题卡交回。
第一部分 阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2.5分，满分50分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Maya Lin, designer and sculptor, has created some of the most iconic works and spaces with the belief that art can address important issues. Her latest projects are no different, from museums to sculptures for Presidential centers.
Lin, 62, grew up in Ohio, the daughter of college professors who were Chinese immigrants. As a 21-year-old student at Yale University, she gained national fame when her entry won a design competition for the new Vietnam Veterans Memorial in Washington, DC. Her winning design — two black granite (花岗岩) walls carved with the names of US service members who died in the Vietnam War (1954-1975) or remain missing — is considered one of the most influential in modern architecture.
Lin went on to design the 1989 Civil Rights Memorial in Montgomery, Alabama, and dozens of other projects globally, all with social and environmental justice in mind. She told The Wall Street Journal she uses facts in her art. She said, “I am going to present you with what the story is, but I am not going to draw the conclusion for you.” Currently underway is Lin’s plan for the new Museum of Chinese in America in New York City. Lin said she wants it to be a celebration of Chinese American stories and contributions to the country.
Lin is also designing a sculpture to honor former President Barack Obama’s mother, who died in 1995, at the Obama Presidential Center in Illinois. When Obama awarded Lin the Presidential Medal of Freedom in 2016, he called her work “physical acts of poetry, each reminding us that the most important element in art or architecture is human emotion.”
1. What is Maya Lin’ principle to make her creation
A. Art is to lead to reputation. B. Art is a physical act of poetry.
C. Art can be a way to address affairs. D. Art is to create something distinguished.
2. What is expressed in her work for the Vietnam Veterans Memorial
A. The influence of the Vietnam War on America.
B. US soldiers’ sacrifice in the Vietnam War.
C. The bloody and cruel scenes of the Vietnam War.
D. Vietnamese soldiers’ fearless fight in the Vietnam War.
3. Where will the sculpture of Barack Obama’s mother be housed
A. Vietnam Veterans Memorial in Washington, DC.
B. Civil Rights Memorial in Montgomery, Alabama.
C. Obama Presidential Center in Illinois.
D. Museum of Chinese in America in New York City.
4 Which of the following best suits the topic of the passage
A Stirring up emotions in art B. Designing with talents
C. Becoming a great Chinese immigrant D. Creating the most influential architecture
B
Oliver, the CTO of a high-tech company, loved to participate in all conversations at the C-suite level, regardless of topic. He was often the first to raise his hand for a project, appeared to have infinite capacity to get high-quality work done, and offered to assist his peers and direct reports. Oliver seemed to be all-in; optimistic, energetic, supportive, and someone who constituted to everyone.
However, the more Oliver participated, the more others around him were slighted. Instead of sparking creatively in others, his ideas outshone everyone else’s. He consumed time speaking in meetings, exhausting the oxygen level in the room. Oliver felt pumped up by how many of his ideas had been deployed but frustrated by others’ lack of sufficient effort.
While the CEO appreciated Oliver’s yield she recognized he had to change his approach to keep the rest of the team productive. In response, Oliver worked out a plan to help address his cooperation challenges using techniques many other executives had deployed.
When we over-participate, we believe that we're being helpful. However, “helpfulness” is defined by the recipient, not the giver. Instead of improving his relationships with colleagues, Oliver robbed them of fulfillment by furnishing masses of ideas. They felt discouraged, interrupted, and excluded. To fix the issue, Oliver learned the value of asking two specific questions before offering his own ideas: “What have you thought of ” and “What would be most helpful for you at this point ” Surveying others to understand what’s helpful illuminates better avenues for our contribution: directly through our ideas, through coaching colleagues to create their own, or by building on what someone else has generated.
5. What can we learn about Oliver
A. He lacks creativity. B. He favours competition.
C. He works enthusiastically. D. He behaves irresponsibly.
6. What is a result of Oliver’s over-participation
A. The team generated more diverse ideas.
B. Oliver’s colleagues became less productive.
C. Group meetings were more time-consuming.
D. Oliver’s teammates were inspired to work harder.
7. What technique did Oliver employ to fix the issue
A. Hearing others’ voices. B. Providing specific ideas.
C. Strengthening his leadership. D. Building strong relationships.
8. Which of the following can be the best title for the text
A. When Leaders Fail to Keep the Team Productive
B. When Contributing Gets in the Way of Cooperating
C. How a Great Team Welcomes Ideas in a Discussion
D. How Active Participation Gives Rise to a Better Team
C
The heat dome roasting millions of people across the Pacific Northwest, sending temperatures in usually temperate places to record-breaking triple digits, has already claimed hundreds of lives. And those are just the ones we can count so far.
Climate change has increased average temperatures by 1℃ Celsius over the past century, making heat waves like this one more frequent and intense than those from any other point in recorded history. A worldwide study published last month in Nature Climate Change found global warming responsible for 37 percent of heat-related deaths between 1991 and 2018. As temperatures tick ever higher, that figure may well rise.
The following is what happens if you’re one of the next people whom extreme heat kills, according to W. Lawrence Kenney, an expert at Penn State University.
First, your brain sends a series of messages to your sweat glands (腺体) telling them to ramp up sweat production. Then your heart starts beating faster to pump blood to the skin. That’s your body attempting to make your skin hotter than the air outside, in hopes of moving heat away from you. Sometimes that alone is enough to create problems for a weak or aging heart. If your body fails to cool you down, its internal temperature might start to climb. At that temperature, the tissues in the brain become affected. Before long, you might not know where you are or what time it is. You might collapse. You may lose consciousness. While you struggle to stay awake and avoid dizzying confusion, the excessive internal heat will likely trigger an inflammatory (发炎的) response. Left untreated, what follows is organ failure that leads to all but certain death.
And that’s just part of what we know about how extreme heat kills you.
“It’s important for people to understand that there’s still a lot we don’t know about heat stroke and who’s most susceptible (易受影响的) to it,” Kenney said. “That’s because we can’t ethically study it in humans in the laboratory. A lot of what we know comes from studies on animal models, like mice and rats, or from body examinations of people who have died of heat stroke.”
9. What can we learn from Paragraph 2
A. Rise in temperature is positively related to heat-related deaths.
B. Heat waves are weaker and can be seen less frequently nowadays.
C. Climate change has mainly triggered temperature decrease over the past century.
D. Global warming contribute to most deaths related to heat between 1991 and 2018.
10. What will happen to the person killed by extreme heat
A. His heart will receive messages from the brain to pump blood.
B. His body will turn cooler due to the quick response of the skin.
C. He will have skin problems for weak or aging tissues.
D. He will suffer from confusion, faint or even break down.
11. Which of the following words can replace “ramp” in Paragraph 4
A. Take. B. Speed. C. Turn. D. Build.
12. By quoting Kenney’s words, the writer wants to ________.
A. reveal how studies on animal models are carried out in the laboratory
B. explain why humans cannot be used for experiments to study heat stroke
C. illustrate many factors have influenced heat stroke and the deaths
D. prove people know little about heat stroke and its contributing factor
D
Lucy Hobbs came to the University of Wisconsin already knowing she wanted to study nursing so she could make a positive difference in the lives of others. Once she was on campus, she realized she could make an even greater impact on her future patients by adding a second major (专业), one in Spanish.
“I was drawn to nursing because I want a career that will be fulfilling and will help me serve others,” says Hobbs. “I chose to add a major in Spanish because I love learning about other cultures, and I want to do something for those easily ignored populations in my nursing career.”
In addition to her nursing and Spanish curriculum, Hobbs found multiple interesting ways to bring her majors together, including things like research and study abroad. Hobbs was part of a research project that is documenting the experiences of Spanish-speaking populations in western Wisconsin during Covid-19. The research team included students and teachers in languages, history and nursing.
In addition to her research,studying abroad was also helpful. She spent part of the spring 2020 semester studying in Costa Rica. “This was my first time outside of the U.S. and I learned so much about Costa Rican culture,” Hobbs says.
While she found many opportunities within her majors, Hobbs also had meaningful experiences on campus that were outside of nursing and Spanish. For example, she worked as a resident assistant in the dorms and is a member of the University Honors Program. “All these experiences helped me to enhance my time on campus by giving me opportunities to meet amazing and inspiring individuals who I believe will remain lifetime friends,”
Hobbs says, “All these experiences also helped to shape how I think about the future.” After she graduates in May, Hobbs will begin her nursing career working in the emergency room at UW Health’s University Hospital in Madison.
13. What did Hobbs do after she entered university
A She realized her interest in nursing.
B. She decided to learn more besides her major.
C. She made a difference in others’ lives.
D. She influenced her future patients greatly.
14. Why did Hobbs add a major in Spanish
A. To help others with their Spanish.
B. To do research in various cultures.
C. To receive further education in Spain.
D. To provide nursing care for less focused people.
15. What is helpful in Hobbs’s achieving her goals
A. Going abroad to change her life.
B. Beginning her nursing career early.
C. Developing as many hobbies as she could.
D. Getting different experiences besides her study.
16. Which of the following best describes Hobbs
A. Humorous. B. Intelligent.
C. Hardworking. D. independent
E
Christy and Ted Wilson set aside time every Sunday evening to go over their shared to-do list. Most of the items are tasks like scheduling doctor appointments and organizing play dates for their three young children.
In every relationship, there’s a question of who is pulling their weight around the house. Now that a majority of married-couple families have two working parents, the old “rough day at the office” excuse doesn’t really cut it.
Women still handle more of the household activities, but men increasingly are spending time on food preparation and cleanup. To keep things fair or at least to avoid fights, couples are turning to technology. They are using project management apps designed for the workplace to divide up and track household to-dos and reserving a portion of their date nights to compare chores. In some cases, they are even turning it into a game, setting rewards for getting things done.
The imbalance doesn’t always follow gender lines (性别界线). There was a time when Mr. Wilson was in more of a “Mr. Mom” role: He was attending business school, while Mrs. Wilson was clocking long hours as a lawyer. So Mr. Wilson had more flexibility to take on more of the child-care and household-management work. The couple’s roles changed after Mr. Wilson graduated and started an e-commerce company. “We have had a lot of switching back and forth of who was in the driver’s seat in terms of household management so one person wasn’t too put upon,” she said. They began using calendars to keep the family schedules straight and sharing a to-do list in the Notes app on their phones. Each can take on chores the other dislikes.
17. What does the underlined part “pulling their weight around the house” in Paragraph 2 probably mean
A. Taking on the household chores. B. Sharing the burden of buying a house.
C. Running around the house to lose weight. D. Making excuses for not doing any housework.
18. Why does the couple turn to project management apps
A. To stop their arguments over dates. B. To play phone games with each other.
C. To share and follow household to-dos. D. To reward themselves for doing the housework.
19. What can we infer from the Wilsons’ example
A. Gender plays a key role in management.
B. Couples need to switch their roles each day.
C. Digital apps can only handle household arguments.
D. Understanding and sharing can help solve problems.
20. What would be the best title for the text
A. Ways to finish housework. B. Advantages of the Notes app.
C. A family to-do list goes digital. D. Working parents face difficulties.
第二部分 选句填空（共10小题，每小题2.5分，满分25分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。
Wasted-time worry
The idea that time is our most precious resource can bring with it a sense of time-pressure. We are always told “Time is money and time is running out”, so we must manage it well. We take time-management courses, download the latest productivity app and divide our day into blocks, so our time is never wasted.
______21______ . It tells us we should be doing more with our time or doing something else. We can spend an afternoon regretting for the time we wasted that morning, spoiling hours that would otherwise have been available to us. Sometimes it’s not just the hours we worry about wasting, ______22______ —the countless minutes spent on tiny chores, answering emails, replying to texts, waiting for other people. Often, when we worry about wasting time, we are comparing ourselves to how productive we assume other people are. It makes us feel that everyone is using their time well except ourselves.
We need to shift away from trying to maximize our time and reduce our worry about wasting it. We don’t have to view every moment we don’t spend the way we expected to as a waste. There may be value in those moments too. ______23______ . In a society that emphasizes the productive use of time, we can easily forget that time we enjoyed wasting is not wasted time.
Then how much should we be working Researchers say on most days, three to four hours of high-quality, focused mental work is about our maximum. ______24______ .
We often encounter empty time, throwing us into boredom, panic or anxiety, or add to our wasted-time worry. ______25______ . For example, we can become more comfortable with empty moments rather than rushing to make the best of every second. We can allow us to pause and think. We can see our commuting time as a chance to let our mind wander rather than checking social media.
A. Working beyond that can be a waste
B. Working to maximum is the secret to success
C. but the scraps of time that get lost in between
D. We can simply appreciate the part they played in our life
E. However, we need some hours in the day to waste as we wish
F. We can simply set aside more moments for the work of the day
G. Yet in our crazy attempts to account for every hour, we fall into wasted-time worry
B
Can creativity be taught That’s a question without a simple yes or no answer. Creativity may not be able to be taught directly, but what you can get better at is frequently targeting at the circumstances of life which bring up the greatest chances for true creative expression. ___26___, but more like something which manifests （显现） itself inside those who learn to develop it and create the right conditions for it.
Limit your selection of tools to only the most vital. ___27___. You’ll be sharper than someone who merely fights with a larger set of tools.
Learn how to be resourceful. ___28___. Creativity is not just about creating something new but making old things work better as well. Think of crazy possibilities as well as practical ones. You might find inspiration for a workable solution in one of your ideas.
Don’t listen to feedback （反馈） and keep following your own path. The problem of asking for feedback is that the feedback will be given according to the person’s past experience. Others will unconsciously push you in a direction that they see as best. ___29___. Just don’t let criticism （even the constructing type） destroy your creativity during the creative process.
___30___. Routines are positive if they strengthen a healthy creative consciousness and negative if they destroy that. The key is to discover a creative routine that puts you in a more creative mindset.
A. Creativity is not like a lightning strike
B. Having a routine is actually not a bad idea
C. You can literally do anything you like with them
D. Resourcefulness is about making the most of what you have to work with
E. The more limited your set of tools is, the more creative the output will be
F. This is done with good intentions, but it actually hurts your natural creativity
G. While breaking your routine once in a while to force new ways of thinking is good
第三部分 完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Lionel Messi was born on June 24, 1987, in Argentina. He was nicknamed “Leo”. He was the third child in a middle-class family who loved football. ____31____, young Leo developed a passion for football himself.
At four years old, Leo joined the Grandoli local club, where he was ____32____ by his father. Leo practiced day in and day out, ____33____ outings with his friends before a game. His father continued Leo’s ____34____ even though he battled with money and struggled to make the best of his child. Football made Leo happy and ____35____ him. He began to dream of becoming a professional footballer.
His grandmother used to ____36____ accompany Leo to training sessions as a child. When he was 10, his grandmother passed away. The family was shocked and her ____37____ affected Messi beyond description. He didn’t ____38____ a football for weeks, but his father encouraged him to carry on. He returned, aiming to make his grandmother ____39____. After every goal, he would point two fingers towards the sky, dedicating the ____40____ to his grandmother.
But as he grew older, his height remained the same. He was ____41____ with an inability to grow. This meant he ____42____ being a dwarf unless he received special treatment, which would cost $1,500 per month.
Despite all of these ____43____, Messi remained positive and hopeful. Hard effort paid off. F. C Barcelona hired Messi and signed a (n) ____44____ with him on a napkin.
As the seasons went on, the talented football player kept improving and breaking his own records. Now he has ____45____ his goal of bringing home a world cup and made history.
31. A. Surprisingly B. Personally C. Naturally D. Eventually
32. A. coached B. pushed C. raised D. scolded
33. A. considering B. skipping C. blocking D. arranging
34. A. description B. expectation C. motivation D. instruction
35. A. motivated B. benefited C. comforted D. affected
36. A. entirely B. routinely C. sincerely D. properly
37. A. company B. attention C. absence D. presence
38. A. touch B. pick C. grab D. tackle
39. A. amazed B. unique C. sacred D. proud
40. A. outcome B. victory C. credit D. wonder
41. A. diagnosed B. infected C. surrounded D. associated
42. A. turned out B. ended up C. kept up D. stood out
43. A. changes B. crises C. losses D. obstacles
44. A. file B. signature C. contract D. initiative
45. A. pursued B. challenged C. scored D. achieved
第四部分 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Yu Rong, a Chinese artist, thinks of a new way to introduce ____46____ ancient story of Hua Mulan in her picture book. In the book, I Am Hua Mulan, she tells the story by ____47____ (combine) paper-cutting with international artistic styles. She places Shaanxi paper-cuts over western-style pencil sketches (素描) ____48____ (create) a typical presentation of Chinese elements, which turns out to be a successful and impressive breakthrough.
Hua Mulan, ____49____ story has been told by generations in China, was a fighter from the Northern Wei Dynasty (386-534). As a ____50____ (devote) daughter, she dressed herself as a man to serve in the army ____51____ place of her father. Mulan’s characteristics, such as courage, kindness and a disinterested attitude toward fame and fortune, made ____52____ (she) one of the most respected historical Chinese heroines. Mulan’s story has been adapted ____53____ (frequent) in modern media. For example, in 1998, Disney produced a film named Mulan, which ____54____ (consider) a great success by critics and the public.
To better tell the story, Yu Rong takes inspiration from her several visits to sites of ancient battles and Henan Province’s Yu Opera _____55_____ after years of preparations she finally makes this extraordinary work.
第五部分 单词拼写（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
根据下列各句句意及所给单词的首字母或汉语提示，用单词的恰当形式填空，并把完整单词填写在答题卷相应的位置上。
56. Listening to__________（古典的）music can help you concentrate your attention and feel relaxed.(根据汉语提示单词拼写)
57. He was the first comedian I ever saw on the s__________. (根据首字母提示单词拼写)
58. The painting needs more light and__________（阴影）to make it look real. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
59. He reminded me to remember to pull out the charger（电充）when the b__________is full. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
60. The young leader of the company is trying his best to o__________the present difficulty these days. (根据首字母单词拼写)
61. As we all know, fish prefer shallow water to deep water because the f__________is warmer. (根据首字母单词拼写)
62. She is an o__________female worker. However, she has made striking contributions to the community. (根据首字母单词拼写)
63. You will break down sooner or later if you go on i________ your health. (根据首字母单词拼写)
64. When we got closer to the glass door, we found that it was a__________. It could close or open by itself. (根据首字母单词拼写)
65. What if we were more f__________with our time We should not stick to the planned timetable without change. (根据首字母单词拼写)
66. If you want to have a f__________understanding of the movement, click here. (根据首字母单词拼写)
67. After reading the biography of Tu Youyou, I couldn’t help but show r__________for her determination. (根据首字母单词拼写)
68. There is a huge g__________in learning habits between top students and slower students. (根据首字母单词拼写)
69. S_______ is the sport of riding on the top of a wave while standing or lying on a special board. (根据首字母单词拼写)
70. You should be able to guess the meaning of the word from the c__________. (根据首字母提示单词拼写)
