湖南省长沙市重点中学2023-2024学年高一入学考试英语试题(无答案)

湖南师大附中2023级高一年级入学考试
英语
时量：90分钟 满分：100分
得分________
一、阅读理解（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳答案。
A
Ways to Improve Vocabulary in Just One Day
The average American has a vocabulary in the thousands. Try these tricks to make sure yours builds up.
Watch movies
"If you see the movie version of your favourite book you're likely to have a deeper understanding and knowledge of the words in it," says Neuman, professor of Childhood and Literacy Education at New York University. "Seeing and reading something on the same topic is really important."
Read magazines
If you want to improve vocabulary, don't just flip through your favourite magazine, really read it.
Listen to how words sound
Many people won't remember tricky words unless they come across them frequently. But if you hear a word that you think sounds interesting, you become word conscious (有意识的) and start using it yourself, says Neuman.
Join a book club
"Book clubs are a wonderful strategy to learn new words," says Neuman. Not only will it force you to set aside time in your day to read, but it's also a good way to discover books you might not normally be drawn to.
Listen to the radio
Those types of programs can expose you to topics you may not be familiar with. Don't miss these middle school vocabulary words adults still don't know.
Pay attention to your surroundings
Next time walk down a busy street or take a walk in the park, try to describe what you're seeing as much as possible inside your head.
Read, read, read
Even if you don't stop to look up every single foreign word, chances are you can improve vocabulary simply by figuring out (想出) their meaning based on the context.
1. How many tricks mentioned above are through hearing
A. 1. B. 2. C. 3 D. 4.
2. According to the passage- how will you find some special and unusual books
A. By joining a book club. B. By listening to the radio.
C. By walking around. D. By watching movies.
3. Where does this passage probably comefrom
A. A sports magazine. B. A science report. C. A website. D. A novel.
B
In October, I told the eight-year-olds in the class I teach in Pompton Lakes. New Jersey, about my plan. "Since all of you have done extra jobs around the house to carn some money," I said, "then we'll buy food for a Thanksgiving dinner for someone who might not have a nice dinner otherwise." I hoped they could experience a sense of their own power to bring change.
I watched them while they walked up and down the supermarket. "Flowers!" Kristine cried. The group rushed towards the holiday plants.
"You can't eat flowers."-It was wiser to use any extra money to buy something that could be turned into meals.
"But Mrs Sherlock," came the begging voice, "we want flowers."
Defeated finally, I put a pot of "funny" purple mums (菊花) in the cart full of foods. "She'll like this one," the children agreed.
An organization had given us the name and address of a needy grandmother who had lived alone for many years. We finally pulled up in front of a small house. A slightly-built woman with a weary face came to the door to welcome us.
My little group ran to get the foods. As, each box was carried in, the old woman kept on saying "Thanks."-much to her visitors' pleasure. When Amy put the mums on the counter, the woman seemed surprised. She's wishing it was a bag of rice, I thought.
We returned to the car. As we fastened our seat belts, we could see the kitchen window. The woman inside waved goodbye, then turned and walked across the room, past the turkey, past the goods, straight to the mums. She put her face in them. When she raised her head, there was a smile on her lips. She was transformed (转变) before our eyes.
The children were quiet. At that moment, they had seen for themselves the power they have to make another's life better. The children had sensed that sometimes a person needs a pot of funny purple flowers on a dark November day.
4. What is the author's plan aimed at
A. Helping students focus on their happiness.
B. Teaching students the necessity of doing housework.
C. Letting students feel their ability to make a difference.
D. Getting students to know how to be financially independent.
5. Why did the author consider the mums "funny"
A. Because she thought they were too ugly.
B. Because she thought they were for children.
C. Because she thought they were too expensive.
D. Because she thought they couldn't help people in need.
6. What can we know from the passage
A. The old woman preferred food to flowers.
B. Flowers are more important than food to the poor.
C. The old woman's dark day was brightened by the children.
D. All the money the children earned was transformed to food.
7. Which can be a suitable title for the text
A. A Perfect Lesson B. The Importance of Giving
C. A Happy Shopping Day D. The Secret to Happiness
C
Summer 2022 was a hard time for many. Huge heat waves swept across European countries and parts of China. They brought extreme (极端) high temperatures and drought.
Europe has experienced its hottest summer since 1979. In Spain, temperatures quickly increased past 40℃ and it was one of the hottest summers on record: In Italy and Greece, temperatures hit 38℃ or more. Europe also experienced its most serious drought in 500 years. The dry conditions led to wildfires. The lack of rainfall caused water shortages. As a result, water uses became a big problem. Back in China, similar things happened in the summer. Heat waves hit many places across the country. Chongqing's highest temperature reached 45℃, breaking its historical record. In August, more than 20 forest fires happened in the area.
Heat waves are more harmful than you might expect. If people stay in high temperatures for too long, the heat will harm their bodies and make people feel sick, pass out or even die. During the 2003 heat wave in Europe, about 70,000 people died. Besides this, heat waves make some infectious diseases (传染病) even more serious.
What. caused the extreme weather event Scientists said climate change was likely to be the reason. Countries and organizations are taking action to deal with it. The European Union has set its goal to achieve net-zero emissions (净零排放) by 2050. China also has the goal of peaking carbon dioxide emission (碳排放达到峰值) before 2030 and achieving carbon neutrality (碳中和) before 2060. Many countries have carried out policies, like supporting green energy and making more efficient use of energy.
8. What happened last summer in the passage
A. Many people died because of heat waves.
B. The world faced the highest temperatures in history.
C. Some infectious diseases broke out (爆发) in Europe.
D. Huge heat waves affected European countries and parts of China.
9. From the passage, what problems did heat waves bring
①infectious discase ②high temperature ③drought ④heavy rain
A. ①② B. ②③ C. ③④ D. ①④
10. The underlined phrase "pass out" probably means ________ in Chinese.
A. 去世 B. 经过 C. 流汗 D. 晕倒
11. What might cause the extreme weather event according to the passage
A. Climate change. B. Carbon neutrality.
C. The European Union's policies D. Efficient use of energy.
D
Sometimes, you just can't help it. Maybe you're watching a sad movie, or thinking about the friend who moved away. Next thing you know, you feel pressure in your throat, your eyes are watering, and you have tears running down your cheeks.
According to Ad Vingerhoets, a professor of-psychology at Tilburg University, in the Netherlands, who is one of the few scientists in the world who have studied crying, there are three types of tears. Basal tears are the first type. They act as a protective barrier between the eye and the rest of the world. Next are reflex tears. They wash your eyes clean when something gets in them. Finally, there are emotional tears. "These are released in response to emotional states," explains Vingerhoets.
Scientists believe crying has something to do with how humans developed and learnt to depend on each other. "Humans are very complex social creatures," says Lauren Bylsma, a professor at the University of Pittsburgh, in Pennsylvania. "It seems that tears serve to arouse help and support from others," she says.
Vingerhoets agrees, "I think that the reason why humans shed tears (流眼泪) has something to do with our childhood," he says. "that's the time when we are still dependent on adults for love and protection and care. The major advantage of emotional tears is that you can target them at a specific person." Vingerhoets says this ability could have come in handy in prehistoric times, when humans were living among dangerous animals. Tears were a safer way to get attention. "In this case. it is better to use a silent signal to ask for help," he says.
Vingerhoets and Bylsma do frequent studies to better understand why humans cry. According to Bylsma, there is still much more to discover. "It's surprising," she says, "How much we still don't know."
12. Which of the following is reflex tears
A. Tears when eyes are dry. B. Tears moved by a story.
C. Tears released when crying. D. Tears when dirt gets into eyes.
13. The underlined phrase "this ability" in paragraph 4 refers to the ability to ________.
A. seek help wisely B. aim tears at someone
C. cry emotionally D. appeal to other people
14. From the text, we learn that Ad Vingerhoets and Lauren Bylsma ________.
A. have learned enough about tears B. are working together to study tears
C. think positively of the effects of tears D. hold different opinions about the causes of tears
15. What is this article mainly about
A. The reason behind tears. B. The components of tears.
C. The types of tears. D. The opinions about tears.
二、七选五（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Why play sports You might say "to get exercise and you'd be right. To have fun That's true, too. But there's more 16 According to the Women's Sports Foundation, girls who play sports get a let more than just fit.
Girls who play sports do better in school. You might think that playing sports will take up all your study time. 17 Exercise improves learning, memory, and concentration (专心), which can give active girls an advantage in the classroom.
Girls who play sports learn teamwork and goal-setting skills. 18 When you work with coaches, trainers, and teammates to win games and achieve goals, you're learning how to be successful. Those skills will serve you well at work and in family life.
Sports are good for a girl's health. In addition to being fit and keeping a healthy weight, girls who play sports are also less likely to smoke. And later in life, girls who exercise are less likely to get osteoporosis (骨质疏松症).
Playing sports improves self-confidence 19 Why It builds confidence when you know you can practice, improve, and achieve your goals. Sports are also a feel-good activity because they help girls get in shape, keep a healthy weight, and make new friends.
20 Playing sports can reduce pressure and help you feel a little happier. How The brain chemicals released during exercise improve a person's mood. Friends are another mood-lifter. And being on a team creates tight bonds between friends. It's good to know your teammates will support you both on and off the field!
A. Exercise cuts the pressure.
B. Sports teach valuable life skills.
C. In fact, there are at least five reasons.
D. Regular exercise increases quality of life.
E. Girls who play sports feel better about themselves.
F. Playing sports offers children more than just physical benefits.
G. But research shows that girls who play sports do better in school than those who don't.
三、完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
An old woman was sitting behind her son, Rahul, who was very busy with some of his office work. Just then, a squirrel (松鼠) came and sat on the window of the house. The mother asked her son what that was. Her son 21 that it was a squirrel. About half an hour 22 , his mother again asked what that was. He again told her it was a squirrel.
For the 23 time when his mother asked the same question, he said to her in a very 24 voice with impatience, "Can't you 25 it's a squirrel Why are you asking me the same question again and again " The mother felt very bad and her heart was 26 sorrow. And she just stood up and said 27 to him and made him 28 .
She then sat next to him and 29 a story about a 5-year-old boy. That boy was very cute and sweet. One day, a bird came and 30 on the window of the house. That boy asked his mother what that was. He was asking that question about fifteen 31 , but all the time his mother answered him very 32 , and kissed her 33 on his face every time.
That boy is Rahul who now is well educated with a 34 job. Rahul can be me, you or many people in this world, who don't 35 their mothers lovingly enough.
21. A. thought B. hoped C. commented D. replied
22. A. ago B. before C. later D. early
23. A. third B. last C. next D. second
24. A. weak B. soft C. gentle D. loud
25. A. argue B. suggest C. doubt D. understand
26. A. filled with B. free from C. afraid of D. used to
27. A. goodbye B. hello C. thanks D. sorry
28. A. break down B. calm down C. check out D. give up
29. A. wrote B. read C. told D. listened
30. A. chatted B. recovered C. rested D. surfed
31. A. seconds B. times C. moments D. years
32. A. patiently B. fluently C. quickly D. amazingly
33. A. worker B. son C. pet D. mother
34. A. low-grade B. second-hand C. high-priced D. well-paid
35. A. miss B. help C. treat D. admire
四、语法填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
If you are like most young people, you'll have been online 36. ________ used a phone at some point today. A bit of screen time is fine-especially if you are studying, socializing or simply relaxing. Yet too much screen time can be bad for your brain.
A recent study of more than 4,000 children found that those who 37. ________ (play) on a screen anywhere did not do 38. ________ (well) in thinking tests than those who seldom used mobile phones, 39. ________ (look) at things online can also mean that you are missing out on the real world. Every hour looking at a screen 40. ________ (be) an hour you can spend being with your friends or learning a new exciting hobby.
If you are worried that you are spending too many hours scrolling (滚动) through social media, glued to the television or 41. ________ (lose)in games, you might want to think about cutting down a bit, or even "going cold turkey", 42. ________ means giving up completely, instead of 43. ________ (cut) back.
See if you can go 44. ________ (total) screen-free for a week, a month or whatever you feel you can manage. If that's too hard, just cur out one thing, such as games. You might even feel differently about your favorite device when 45. ________ challenge is over.
五、翻译（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
阅读下面短文，将画线部分译成英文或中文。
An Accidental Invention
Did you know that tea, the most popular drink in the world (after water), was invented by accident Many people believe that tea was first drunk nearly 5,000 years ago. 46. It is said that a Chinese ruler called Shen Nong first discovered tea as a drink. One day Shen Nong was boiling drinking water over an open fire. 47. Some leaves from a tea plant fell into the water and remained there for some time. It produced a nice smell so he tasted the brown water anyway. It was quite delicious. In this way, 48. 世界上最受欢迎的饮品之一被发明了。
It is believed that tea was brought to Korea and Japan during the 6th and 7th centuries. 49. In England, tea didn't appear until around 1660, but less than100 years later. it had become the national drink. The tea trade from China to Western countries took place in the 19th century. This helped to spread the popularity of tea and the tea plant to more places around the world. 50. 尽管现在很多人都了解茶文化, the Chinese are without doubt the ones who best understand the nature of tea.
六、应用文写作（满分15分）
假如你是高一新生李华，你的英国好友Peter给你发了一封邮件，询问你暑假是如何度过，并对你即将进入的高中生活很感兴趣。请你根据以下要点给他写封回信：
1. 假期生活的简要描述；
2. 高中学校给你的第一印象以及你对新校园生活的展望。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 请按如下格式作答。
Dear Peter,_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,Li Hua