新概念英语第三册 Lesson 4 The double life of Alfred Bloggs 阿尔弗雷德.布洛格斯的双重生活 讲义
文档属性
| 名称 | 新概念英语第三册 Lesson 4 The double life of Alfred Bloggs 阿尔弗雷德.布洛格斯的双重生活 讲义 |  | |
| 格式 | docx | ||
| 文件大小 | 33.2KB | ||
| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
| 版本资源 | 新概念英语 | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2023-09-26 06:27:03 | ||
图片预览
文档简介
Lesson 4 The double life of Alfred Bloggs
阿尔弗雷德.布洛格斯的双重生活
单词讲解 New words and expressions
double [ d bl] adj. 双的，两倍的
vt. 使加倍 vi. 加倍
double life 双重生活
double character [ k r kt (r)] 双重性格
double chin [t n] 双下巴
double bed 双人床
twin beds 两张标准床
bigamy [ b g mi] 重婚
two-timer：a man who dates 2 women at the same time
脚踩两只船
manual [ m nju l] adj. 体力的；
手制的，手工的
manual laborer ['le b r ] 体力劳动者
automatic [ :t m t k] adj. 自动的
auto - （前缀） 自动的
automat [ :t m t] n. 自动售货机
autobiography [ :t ba gr fi] n. 自传
autonomous region： self-ruled 自治区
[ : t n m s] [ ri:d n]
collar [ k l (r)] n.衣领
gold collar 金领
white collar 白领
blue collar 蓝领
dog collar (a stiff round white collar worn by priests )牧师们
hot under the collar （feel angry or excited )
气愤不已，热血沸腾
eg. Calm down! Don't get hot under the collar. 冷静一点！别发火。
make a collar (Police catch criminal.) 警察抓罪犯，逮捕
privilege [ pr v l d ] n. 好处 v. 给…特权
（a special advantage） 特权
privileged adj.享有特权的
underprivileged 贫困的，下层阶级的
for the privilege of 为了获得荣耀
eg. Many people are willing to sacrifice higher pay for the privilege of becoming white-collar workers. （课文）
许多人仅仅是为了获得成为白领的殊荣，宁愿放弃他们的高薪。
eg. It's my great privilege to make your acquaintance.
能结识您，实乃三生有幸。
eg. I've heard so much about you. 久闻大名。
eg. Your reputation proceeds you. 久仰。
corporation [ k :p re n] n. 公司
大型股份有限公司
multinational corporation 跨国公司
company 小公司
enterprise [ ent pra z] 企（事）业单位
joint-venture [ vent (r)]
joint-venture enterprise 合资企业
state-owned enterprise 国有企业
township enterprise 乡镇企业
non-government run school 民办学校
二、课文讲解
These days, people who do manual work often receive far more money than people who work in offices.
如今，从事体力劳动的人的收入一般要比坐办公室的人高出许多。
（此句是本文的主旨句）
money
receive money 拿工资
save money 存钱
spend money 花钱
eg. Spend the money tomorrow today.今天花明天的钱
make money 挣钱
far more money 多得多的钱
（far在这里不是指“远”，而是程度副词，指程度的深浅。在形容词或副词的比较级前面加上表示程度的副词，是为了进一步说明比较级的程度。）
lots more money 多得多
a lot more 多得多
some more money 多一些（表不确定的程度）
a little more 多一点点
People who work in offices are frequently referred to as 'white-collar workers' for the simple reason that they usually wear a collar and tie to go to work. 坐办公室的人之所以常常被称作“白领工人”，就是因为他们通常是穿着硬领白衬衫，系着领带去上班。
be referred to as 被称作（比较书面语）
eg. He is referred to as walking dictionary.
他被大家称作活字典。
be known to us all as 大家叫他 …（口语化）
（没有必要提及主语的情况，就用被动语态）
eg.He is known to us all as walking dictionary.
我们大家管他叫他活字典。
be recognized as 认出是…
eg. In the torchlight, he was recognized as Bill by the vicar.
借着手电筒的光，牧师认出他是Bill。 （L2: Thirteen equals one）refer - referred - referring [r f :(r)] v. 关系到，提到
prefer – preferred - preferring [pr f :(r)] v. 更喜欢，宁愿
stir –stirred - stirring [st :(r)] v. 搅拌
star –starred - starring [stɑ:(r)] v. 主演，（在文字旁）标星号
eg. Forrest Gump starred by Tom Hanks. 阿甘正传是由汤姆克鲁斯主演的。
…for the simple reason that they usually wear a collar and tie to go to work.
（此处for引导原因状语从句，that引导的从句作reason的同位语从句。）
(wear) a collar and tie 穿着衬衫，打着领带（配套出现的物，共用一个不定冠词a）
a fork and knife 一副刀叉
a singer and dancer 一个歌舞演员
a father and mother 既当爸又当妈
Such is human nature, that a great many people are often willing to sacrifice higher pay for the privilege of becoming white-collar workers.
许多人常常情愿放弃较高的薪水以换取做白领工人的殊荣，此乃人之常情。
human nature 人的本性
（such后面往往会出现一个that引导的定语从句，that 从句是such 的同位语从句，而不是非限定性定语从句，that不能引导非限定性定语从句。当主语过长的时候，主语的修饰成分就要放到后面，以保持句子的平衡和逻辑的美感。还原：Such that a great many people are often willing to sacrifice higher pay for the privilege of becoming white-collar workers is human nature.）
This can give rise to curious situations, as it did in the case of Alfred Bloggs who worked as a dustman for the Ellesmere Corporation.
而这常常会引起种种奇怪的现象，在埃尔斯米尔公司当清洁工的艾尔弗雷德·布洛格斯就是一个例子。
This 替代了前文中的同位语从句：
that a great many people are often willing to sacrifice higher pay for the privilege of becoming white - collar workers.
This can give rise to curious situations,…
give rise to 引起
eg. That boys are weighed more important than girls can give rise to curious situations. 重男轻女会引起各种各样奇怪的现象。
eg. Pollution gave rise to a world wide green-house effect.
污染引起了全球范围的温室效应。
give birth to 生了（…孩子）
eg. She gave birth to a pretty girl.
她生了个漂亮的女孩。
as it did … 像…一样
（as 引导了一个方式状语从句）
it: （上一句中that从句的内容）
did: give rise to a curious situations
…in the case of Alfred Bloggs…
in the case of 就…的情形而言，对…来说
eg. Poverty depressed many people, but in the case of my father,
it was otherwise.贫困使很多人一蹶不振，但就我父亲而言就另当别论。
（it was otherwise 另当别论）
eg. Fat depressed many people, but in the case of Han Hong, it was otherwise. 肥胖使很多人一蹶不振，但韩红另当别论。
eg. Difficulties depressed many people, but in the case of me, it was otherwise. 困难使很多人一蹶不振，但我另当别论。
in case of 万一，以防
eg. Take an umbrella with you in case of rain.
万一下雨，带把伞。
eg. Body guard （电影《保镖》）
A: What for？ 干什么？
B：In case. 以防万一。
When he got married, Alf was too embarrassed to say anything to his wife about his job.
艾尔弗结婚时，感到非常难为情，而没有将自己的职业告诉妻子。
When he got married,…
get married 结婚
get engaged [ n ge d d] 订婚
get separated [ sep re t d] 分居
get divorced [d v :st] 离婚
too embarrassed to say anything to his wife about his job
（too … to 太…以致于不能）
He simply told her that he worked for the Corporation.
他说在埃尔斯米尔公司上班。
simply
He simply told his wife that he worked for the corporation.
（此处simply相当于and no more：仅止于此，再没有其他）
= He told his wife that he worked for the corporation and no more.
He told his wife that he worked for the corporation simply.
（此处simply相当于in a way that is easy to understand：用易于理解的方式）
Every morning, he left home dressed in a smart black suit. He then changed into overalls and spent the next eight hours as a dustman.
每天早晨，他穿上一身漂亮的黑色西装离家上班。然后换上工作服，当8个小时清洁工。
dressed in a smart black suit （形容词作伴随状语）
change into 换上
change back into 脱下后换回
get into 穿上
put on 穿上
Before returning home at night: he took a shower and changed back into his suit. Alf did this for over two years and his fellow dustmen kept his secret.
晚上回家前，他洗个淋浴，重新换上那身黑色西服。 两年多以来，艾尔弗一直这样，他的同事也为他保守秘密。
Alf did this… （省略与替代：往往指人称代词或指示代词）
eg. I can do so. 我是可以这样做的。
do so (书面)
do that/this （书面、口语）
do it (口语)
eg. I can do it. 没问题我能做。
fellow [ fel ] n. 同伴，伙伴(亲切，易引起情感的共鸣）
fellow dustman 清洁工同事
fellow townsman ['ta nzm n] 同乡
fellow countryman [ k ntrim n] 同胞
fellow citizen [ s t zn] 市民们
-mate 伙伴
workmate [ w :kme t] 同事，同僚
roommate ['r mme t] 室友
helpmate [ helpme t] 妻子（贤内助）
soulmate [ s lme t] 红颜知己，蓝颜知己
Alf’s wife has never discovered that she married a dustman and she never will, for Alf has just found another job.
艾尔弗的妻子一直不知道她嫁给了一个清洁工，而且她永远也不会知道了，因为艾尔弗已找到新职。
Alf’s wife has never discovered that she married a dustman and she never will,…
have never done … and never will 从不曾…今后也不会
eg. Don't you know I have carried the torch for you a long time.
I'm sorry. I have never loved you and never will.
你难道还不知道我已经暗恋你很久了。不好意思，我从不曾爱过你，而且以后也不会。
He will soon be working in an office. He will be earning only half as much as he used to, but he feels that his rise in status is well worth the loss of money.
不久就要坐办公室里工作了。他将来挣的钱只有他现在的一半。不过他觉得，地位升高了，损失点儿钱也值得。
He will soon be working
（将来进行时态：表示这个动作要在将来的某个时间内重复和持续地进行）
He will be earning only half as much as he used to,…
half as much as （用原级比较表示差异）
as old as
eg. She is twice as old as her son.
她是她儿子年龄的2倍。
as much as he used to (do)
（to 的不定式省略了动词，当说话人为了避免重复刚刚提过的动词时，动词不定式的动作就被省略掉了。这个知识点托福考试中经常考到）
want mean hope expect refuse seem intend
eg. I asked him to go to the party but he refused to.
我邀请他来参加派对，但是他拒绝了。
eg. I intended to go out for dinner with him, but he didn't want to. 我本打算和他外出吃饭，但是他不想去。
…but he feels that his rise in status is well worth the loss of money. （but是本句的语篇标识词，为了表明主句和从句的关系是截然相反的。）
rise in status 在社会地位范围内的上升
rise in taxes 税收提高
rise in prices 物价上涨
eg. The rise in prices gave to a series of social reactions.
物价上涨带来了一系列的社会反应。
rise in the world 崛起
eg. China as the largest developing country is rising in the world.
中国作为世界上最大的发展中国家正在崛起。
rise and fall 忽高忽低
（一对相反概念放在一起组成的短语往往是一个整体。）
eg. The level of people's moods rises and falls during a day.
人的情绪在一天中忽高忽低。
worth [w :θ] adj. 值得
be worth doing (后跟动名词作宾语，无被动语态)
be worth reading 值得一读
be worth watching 值得一看
be worth visiting 值得参观
eg. It's worth the time/ efforts/hard work.
这是值得花时间/努力/辛苦工作。
eg. It's worth all the hard work you put in education when you see so many happy children.
看到这么多快乐的孩子，在教育上所有的辛苦努力都是值得的。
worthy [ w : i] (adj.) 和worth的含义相似
be worthy of respect 值得尊敬
be worthy of being respected 值得被尊敬（可以有被动语态）
eg. She is such a good teacher that she is worthy of being respected.
她是这么好的老师，值得我们尊敬。
deserve [d z :v] v. 值得 ：
to have earned sth by good or bad behavior.
eg. You get what you deserve. 种瓜得瓜，种豆得豆。
(You reap what you sow. 你收割的是你播种的。)
eg. He deserves it. 他罪有应得。(口)
From now on, he will wear a suit all day and others will call him 'Mr. Bloggs', not 'Alf'. 从此，艾尔弗可以一天到晚穿西服了。别人将称呼他为“布洛格斯先生”，而不再叫他“艾尔弗”了。
三、Idioms
Either make or break it. 不成功，则成仁；破釜沉舟。
Time and tide wait for no man. 岁月不待人。
四、Supplementary exercises
By the year 2010, scientists probably _C_ a cure for cancer.
will be discovering B. are discovering
C. will have discovered D. have discovered
分析: 在2010年之前，科学家有可能研制出癌症的治疗办法。
（by可以引起完成时，而2O1O是将来时间，所以正确答案应是将来完成时。）
阿尔弗雷德.布洛格斯的双重生活
单词讲解 New words and expressions
double [ d bl] adj. 双的，两倍的
vt. 使加倍 vi. 加倍
double life 双重生活
double character [ k r kt (r)] 双重性格
double chin [t n] 双下巴
double bed 双人床
twin beds 两张标准床
bigamy [ b g mi] 重婚
two-timer：a man who dates 2 women at the same time
脚踩两只船
manual [ m nju l] adj. 体力的；
手制的，手工的
manual laborer ['le b r ] 体力劳动者
automatic [ :t m t k] adj. 自动的
auto - （前缀） 自动的
automat [ :t m t] n. 自动售货机
autobiography [ :t ba gr fi] n. 自传
autonomous region： self-ruled 自治区
[ : t n m s] [ ri:d n]
collar [ k l (r)] n.衣领
gold collar 金领
white collar 白领
blue collar 蓝领
dog collar (a stiff round white collar worn by priests )牧师们
hot under the collar （feel angry or excited )
气愤不已，热血沸腾
eg. Calm down! Don't get hot under the collar. 冷静一点！别发火。
make a collar (Police catch criminal.) 警察抓罪犯，逮捕
privilege [ pr v l d ] n. 好处 v. 给…特权
（a special advantage） 特权
privileged adj.享有特权的
underprivileged 贫困的，下层阶级的
for the privilege of 为了获得荣耀
eg. Many people are willing to sacrifice higher pay for the privilege of becoming white-collar workers. （课文）
许多人仅仅是为了获得成为白领的殊荣，宁愿放弃他们的高薪。
eg. It's my great privilege to make your acquaintance.
能结识您，实乃三生有幸。
eg. I've heard so much about you. 久闻大名。
eg. Your reputation proceeds you. 久仰。
corporation [ k :p re n] n. 公司
大型股份有限公司
multinational corporation 跨国公司
company 小公司
enterprise [ ent pra z] 企（事）业单位
joint-venture [ vent (r)]
joint-venture enterprise 合资企业
state-owned enterprise 国有企业
township enterprise 乡镇企业
non-government run school 民办学校
二、课文讲解
These days, people who do manual work often receive far more money than people who work in offices.
如今，从事体力劳动的人的收入一般要比坐办公室的人高出许多。
（此句是本文的主旨句）
money
receive money 拿工资
save money 存钱
spend money 花钱
eg. Spend the money tomorrow today.今天花明天的钱
make money 挣钱
far more money 多得多的钱
（far在这里不是指“远”，而是程度副词，指程度的深浅。在形容词或副词的比较级前面加上表示程度的副词，是为了进一步说明比较级的程度。）
lots more money 多得多
a lot more 多得多
some more money 多一些（表不确定的程度）
a little more 多一点点
People who work in offices are frequently referred to as 'white-collar workers' for the simple reason that they usually wear a collar and tie to go to work. 坐办公室的人之所以常常被称作“白领工人”，就是因为他们通常是穿着硬领白衬衫，系着领带去上班。
be referred to as 被称作（比较书面语）
eg. He is referred to as walking dictionary.
他被大家称作活字典。
be known to us all as 大家叫他 …（口语化）
（没有必要提及主语的情况，就用被动语态）
eg.He is known to us all as walking dictionary.
我们大家管他叫他活字典。
be recognized as 认出是…
eg. In the torchlight, he was recognized as Bill by the vicar.
借着手电筒的光，牧师认出他是Bill。 （L2: Thirteen equals one）refer - referred - referring [r f :(r)] v. 关系到，提到
prefer – preferred - preferring [pr f :(r)] v. 更喜欢，宁愿
stir –stirred - stirring [st :(r)] v. 搅拌
star –starred - starring [stɑ:(r)] v. 主演，（在文字旁）标星号
eg. Forrest Gump starred by Tom Hanks. 阿甘正传是由汤姆克鲁斯主演的。
…for the simple reason that they usually wear a collar and tie to go to work.
（此处for引导原因状语从句，that引导的从句作reason的同位语从句。）
(wear) a collar and tie 穿着衬衫，打着领带（配套出现的物，共用一个不定冠词a）
a fork and knife 一副刀叉
a singer and dancer 一个歌舞演员
a father and mother 既当爸又当妈
Such is human nature, that a great many people are often willing to sacrifice higher pay for the privilege of becoming white-collar workers.
许多人常常情愿放弃较高的薪水以换取做白领工人的殊荣，此乃人之常情。
human nature 人的本性
（such后面往往会出现一个that引导的定语从句，that 从句是such 的同位语从句，而不是非限定性定语从句，that不能引导非限定性定语从句。当主语过长的时候，主语的修饰成分就要放到后面，以保持句子的平衡和逻辑的美感。还原：Such that a great many people are often willing to sacrifice higher pay for the privilege of becoming white-collar workers is human nature.）
This can give rise to curious situations, as it did in the case of Alfred Bloggs who worked as a dustman for the Ellesmere Corporation.
而这常常会引起种种奇怪的现象，在埃尔斯米尔公司当清洁工的艾尔弗雷德·布洛格斯就是一个例子。
This 替代了前文中的同位语从句：
that a great many people are often willing to sacrifice higher pay for the privilege of becoming white - collar workers.
This can give rise to curious situations,…
give rise to 引起
eg. That boys are weighed more important than girls can give rise to curious situations. 重男轻女会引起各种各样奇怪的现象。
eg. Pollution gave rise to a world wide green-house effect.
污染引起了全球范围的温室效应。
give birth to 生了（…孩子）
eg. She gave birth to a pretty girl.
她生了个漂亮的女孩。
as it did … 像…一样
（as 引导了一个方式状语从句）
it: （上一句中that从句的内容）
did: give rise to a curious situations
…in the case of Alfred Bloggs…
in the case of 就…的情形而言，对…来说
eg. Poverty depressed many people, but in the case of my father,
it was otherwise.贫困使很多人一蹶不振，但就我父亲而言就另当别论。
（it was otherwise 另当别论）
eg. Fat depressed many people, but in the case of Han Hong, it was otherwise. 肥胖使很多人一蹶不振，但韩红另当别论。
eg. Difficulties depressed many people, but in the case of me, it was otherwise. 困难使很多人一蹶不振，但我另当别论。
in case of 万一，以防
eg. Take an umbrella with you in case of rain.
万一下雨，带把伞。
eg. Body guard （电影《保镖》）
A: What for？ 干什么？
B：In case. 以防万一。
When he got married, Alf was too embarrassed to say anything to his wife about his job.
艾尔弗结婚时，感到非常难为情，而没有将自己的职业告诉妻子。
When he got married,…
get married 结婚
get engaged [ n ge d d] 订婚
get separated [ sep re t d] 分居
get divorced [d v :st] 离婚
too embarrassed to say anything to his wife about his job
（too … to 太…以致于不能）
He simply told her that he worked for the Corporation.
他说在埃尔斯米尔公司上班。
simply
He simply told his wife that he worked for the corporation.
（此处simply相当于and no more：仅止于此，再没有其他）
= He told his wife that he worked for the corporation and no more.
He told his wife that he worked for the corporation simply.
（此处simply相当于in a way that is easy to understand：用易于理解的方式）
Every morning, he left home dressed in a smart black suit. He then changed into overalls and spent the next eight hours as a dustman.
每天早晨，他穿上一身漂亮的黑色西装离家上班。然后换上工作服，当8个小时清洁工。
dressed in a smart black suit （形容词作伴随状语）
change into 换上
change back into 脱下后换回
get into 穿上
put on 穿上
Before returning home at night: he took a shower and changed back into his suit. Alf did this for over two years and his fellow dustmen kept his secret.
晚上回家前，他洗个淋浴，重新换上那身黑色西服。 两年多以来，艾尔弗一直这样，他的同事也为他保守秘密。
Alf did this… （省略与替代：往往指人称代词或指示代词）
eg. I can do so. 我是可以这样做的。
do so (书面)
do that/this （书面、口语）
do it (口语)
eg. I can do it. 没问题我能做。
fellow [ fel ] n. 同伴，伙伴(亲切，易引起情感的共鸣）
fellow dustman 清洁工同事
fellow townsman ['ta nzm n] 同乡
fellow countryman [ k ntrim n] 同胞
fellow citizen [ s t zn] 市民们
-mate 伙伴
workmate [ w :kme t] 同事，同僚
roommate ['r mme t] 室友
helpmate [ helpme t] 妻子（贤内助）
soulmate [ s lme t] 红颜知己，蓝颜知己
Alf’s wife has never discovered that she married a dustman and she never will, for Alf has just found another job.
艾尔弗的妻子一直不知道她嫁给了一个清洁工，而且她永远也不会知道了，因为艾尔弗已找到新职。
Alf’s wife has never discovered that she married a dustman and she never will,…
have never done … and never will 从不曾…今后也不会
eg. Don't you know I have carried the torch for you a long time.
I'm sorry. I have never loved you and never will.
你难道还不知道我已经暗恋你很久了。不好意思，我从不曾爱过你，而且以后也不会。
He will soon be working in an office. He will be earning only half as much as he used to, but he feels that his rise in status is well worth the loss of money.
不久就要坐办公室里工作了。他将来挣的钱只有他现在的一半。不过他觉得，地位升高了，损失点儿钱也值得。
He will soon be working
（将来进行时态：表示这个动作要在将来的某个时间内重复和持续地进行）
He will be earning only half as much as he used to,…
half as much as （用原级比较表示差异）
as old as
eg. She is twice as old as her son.
她是她儿子年龄的2倍。
as much as he used to (do)
（to 的不定式省略了动词，当说话人为了避免重复刚刚提过的动词时，动词不定式的动作就被省略掉了。这个知识点托福考试中经常考到）
want mean hope expect refuse seem intend
eg. I asked him to go to the party but he refused to.
我邀请他来参加派对，但是他拒绝了。
eg. I intended to go out for dinner with him, but he didn't want to. 我本打算和他外出吃饭，但是他不想去。
…but he feels that his rise in status is well worth the loss of money. （but是本句的语篇标识词，为了表明主句和从句的关系是截然相反的。）
rise in status 在社会地位范围内的上升
rise in taxes 税收提高
rise in prices 物价上涨
eg. The rise in prices gave to a series of social reactions.
物价上涨带来了一系列的社会反应。
rise in the world 崛起
eg. China as the largest developing country is rising in the world.
中国作为世界上最大的发展中国家正在崛起。
rise and fall 忽高忽低
（一对相反概念放在一起组成的短语往往是一个整体。）
eg. The level of people's moods rises and falls during a day.
人的情绪在一天中忽高忽低。
worth [w :θ] adj. 值得
be worth doing (后跟动名词作宾语，无被动语态)
be worth reading 值得一读
be worth watching 值得一看
be worth visiting 值得参观
eg. It's worth the time/ efforts/hard work.
这是值得花时间/努力/辛苦工作。
eg. It's worth all the hard work you put in education when you see so many happy children.
看到这么多快乐的孩子，在教育上所有的辛苦努力都是值得的。
worthy [ w : i] (adj.) 和worth的含义相似
be worthy of respect 值得尊敬
be worthy of being respected 值得被尊敬（可以有被动语态）
eg. She is such a good teacher that she is worthy of being respected.
她是这么好的老师，值得我们尊敬。
deserve [d z :v] v. 值得 ：
to have earned sth by good or bad behavior.
eg. You get what you deserve. 种瓜得瓜，种豆得豆。
(You reap what you sow. 你收割的是你播种的。)
eg. He deserves it. 他罪有应得。(口)
From now on, he will wear a suit all day and others will call him 'Mr. Bloggs', not 'Alf'. 从此，艾尔弗可以一天到晚穿西服了。别人将称呼他为“布洛格斯先生”，而不再叫他“艾尔弗”了。
三、Idioms
Either make or break it. 不成功，则成仁；破釜沉舟。
Time and tide wait for no man. 岁月不待人。
四、Supplementary exercises
By the year 2010, scientists probably _C_ a cure for cancer.
will be discovering B. are discovering
C. will have discovered D. have discovered
分析: 在2010年之前，科学家有可能研制出癌症的治疗办法。
（by可以引起完成时，而2O1O是将来时间，所以正确答案应是将来完成时。）
同课章节目录