新概念英语二册 Lesson 26 The best art critics 最佳艺术评论家笔记

Lesson 26 The best art critics 最佳艺术评论家
【New words and expressions】（13）
art n. 艺术
critic n. 评论家
paint v. 画
pretend v. 假装
pattern n. 图案
curtain n. 窗帘，幕布
material n. 材料
appreciate v. 鉴赏
notice v. 注意到
whether conj. 是否
hang v. 悬挂，吊
critically adv. 批评地
upside down 上下颠倒地（两个同样的音连在一起时, 前面的音声去不读）
★art
(1)[u]n. 艺术，美术
an art student 一个学艺术的学生(修饰学生，所以用an)
an art gallery 一家艺术画廊(gallery n. 长廊, 游廊；画廊)
an art critic 一个艺术评论家
an art lover 一个艺术爱好者
eg. Art is long, life is short. 艺术长久，人生短暂。(谚)
black art 巫术
arts. (plural) 文科 (languages, literature, history…)
Bachelor of Arts 文学学士学位
Bachelor of science 理学学士学位
Bachelor’s degree 学士学位
Master’s degree 硕士学位
Doctor’s degree 博士学位
(2)技术，技巧，窍门
arts and crafts 工艺
(3)artist /a:tist/ n. 艺术家，画家
artiste /a:ti:st/ n. 艺人
★critic n. 评论家，批评家
Eg. I’m my own critic. 我是一个严于律己的人。
a music critic 音乐评论家
a theatre critic 戏剧评论家
a literary critic 文学评论家
critical adj. 批评的，挑剔的
critically adv. 苛刻地，非难地
criticize v. 批评，评论，对…挑剔
criticism n. 批评, 批判
★paint
(1) n. [u] 油漆
a pot of paint = a pail of paint 一桶油漆
give the door two coats of paint 给这个门刷两层油漆
Wet paint! 油漆未干!(标语)
(2) n. [c] 绘画颜料
oil paints 油画颜料
(3) v. 刷漆，油漆，涂
paint the house blue
(4) v. 画，化妆，把(药等)涂于…
paint a picture 强调油画
draw a picture 用线条画
paint a still life 画静物
(5)painter n. 画家，油漆工
painting n. 油画，绘画艺术
★pretend v. 假装
pretend to do sth. 假装做某事
pretend to be doing 假装正在做某事
eg. When his mother came in,the baby pretended to go to sleep.
pretend that +从句 假装……
eg. When we rang the bell, she pretended that she was not at home.
当我们按响门铃的时候，她假装不在家。
★pattern n.
(1) 图案，花样，式样 = design
eg. She wore a dress with a pattern of roses on it.
她穿着一条印有玫瑰花图案的裙子。
(2) 模式, 方式
behavior pattern 行为方式
(3) 模范，榜样
a pattern husbandd 模范丈夫
★curtain n. 窗帘，幕布
curtain material = curtain cloth 窗帘布
ring up the curtain 开幕
ring down the curtain 闭幕
behind the curtain 在幕后地，秘密地
curtain call 谢幕
★material
(1) n. [c] 材料,原料
raw materials for industry 工业原料
listening materials 听力材料
building materials 建筑材料
eg. He is no officer material. 他不是当官的料子。
(2) n. [u] 织物，布料
touch cotton material 结实的棉布
(3) adj. 物质的
material gains 物质利益
material civilization 物质文明
spiritual adj. 精神的
(4) n. (pl.) 工具，用具
writing materials 书写工具
★appreciate v. 欣赏，鉴赏，感激
＝ understand and enjoy
appreciate sth. 感激……
I appreciate your help. 我很感激你的帮助
appreciate doing sth. 我很喜欢做某事
appreciation n. ［u］ 欣赏，感激
eg. I show no appreciation of jazz.
我对爵士乐没有欣赏能力。
Please accept this gift in appreciation of all you’ve done for us.
多蒙鼎力协助，不胜感激，谨备薄礼，敬请笑纳。
★notice
(1) n. 通知，布告，启事
put up a notice 张贴布告
without notice 没事先通知，擅自
(2) v. 注意到，看到
notice sb. do sth. 注意到某人做某事
notice sb. doing sth. 注意到某人正在做某事
take notice of… 注意到，留心到(通常用于否定句)
notice 细节上的注意
pay attention to 思想上的注意
★whether conj. 是否
weather n. 天气
(if在表示“是否”的时候可以被whether所取代，whether更广；if在表示“如果”的时候不可以用whether取代)
★hang v. 悬挂, 吊
(1) vt.&vi 悬挂，吊 hang — hung — hung 　
eg. He hung a map of the world on the wall.
他把世界地图挂在墙上。
(2) vt.&vi 绞死，吊死 hang — hanged — hanged
eg. She hanged herself. 她上吊自尽了。
★upside down
(1) adv. 上下颠倒地
eg. It’s upside down. 它上下颠倒了。
(2)adv. 杂乱地， 乱七八糟地
eg. My little boy always makes the room upside down.
我的小弟弟总是把房间弄得乱七八糟。
【Text】
I am an art student and I paint a lot of pictures. Many people pretend that they understand modern art. They always tell you what a picture is 'about'. Of course, many pictures are not 'about' anything. They are just pretty patterns. We like them in the same way that we like pretty curtain material. I think that young children often appreciate modern pictures better than anyone else. They notice more. My sister is only seven, but she always tells me whether my pictures are good or not. She came into my room yesterday.
'What are you doing ' she asked.
'I'm hanging this picture on the wall,' I answered. 'It's a new one. Do you like it '
She looked at it critically for a moment. 'It's all right,' she said, 'but isn't it upside down '
I looked at it again. She was right! It was!
参考译文
我是个学艺术的学生, 画了很多画. 有很多人装成很懂现代艺术的样子, 总是告诉你一幅画的 “意思” 是什么. 当然, 有很多画是什么 “意思” 也没有的. 它们就是些好看的图案, 我们喜爱它们就像我们喜欢漂亮的窗帘布一样. 我觉得小孩子们往往比任何人都更能欣赏现代绘画, 他们观察到的东西更多. 我的妹妹只有7岁, 但她总能说出我的画是好还是坏. 昨天她到我房里来了.
【课文讲解】
1、I am an art student and I paint a lot of pictures.
and 并列连词
2、Many people pretend that they understand modern art.
pretend , understand 用一般现在时，表一般规律
Many people pretend that… 宾语从句
modern 现代的，时髦的
model 模型，模特
medal 奖章，奖牌 /medl/
(gold medal金牌，silver medal银牌，bronze medal铜牌)
metal 金属 /metl/
3、They always tell you what a picture is ‘about’.
‘about’用引号表示一种讽刺的口吻。
4、Of course, many pictures are not ‘about’anything.
of course : in fact
‘about’: 用引号表反语，讽刺的口吻。
5、They are just pretty patterns.
(1)just在此处指“只是，仅仅（是）”= only
It was just a wrong number.
(2)just另一个意思是“刚才，正好，正是”
It’s just six o’clock.
I’ve just heard the news.
6、We like them in the same way that we like pretty curtain material.
(1) pretty curtain material 漂亮的窗帘布
pretty 指人时用于妇女儿童，也可指娇媚温柔的容貌
beautiful 指人时用于妇女儿童
(beautiful是个有分量的词，含有高雅的，完美的，可修饰任何事物。)
handsome 指人时，指男子
good-looking 好看的(指任何人或物)
ugly 难看的
pretty ugly 相当地难看(此处pretty是程度副词：相当地=very)
the same that 指同一件事物
the same as 指同种类的事物
eg. This is the same wallet (that) I lost a week ago.
Put the book back in the same place where it was.
My bag is the same as yours.
She goes to the same university as her father did.
(3) in the same way that =as… 正如……一样
The son walked in the same way that/as his father walked.
I love you in the same way that I love my father.
I love you just in the same way that I love money.
7、I think that young children often appreciate modern pictures better than
anyone else. They notice more.
I think that… 宾语从句 (一句话作宾语叫做宾语从句)
anyone else 任何别的人(比较时，排除自身去比较)
else跟在anyone,anything 等不定代词的后面，表示“另外/加、其它/他的、不同的”，else也可跟疑问代词连用，如 who else，what else
better than anyone else 比其他任何人(用比较级表示最高级)
eg.The teacher is the tallest.
The teacher is taller than anyone else.
(“else”不能少, 把主语从“anyone”中排除)
eg.The book is more expensive than anything else.
they notice more是对前一句的补充。
(长短句兼用，使文章不显得死板，富于变化)
8、My sister is only seven, but she always tells me whether my pictures are
good or not.
(1)She is only seven years old.
She is a seven-year-old girl.(复合形容词)
①只能放名词之前，做前置定语。
②各词之间用短横线连接。
③当中间出现名词时，要单数形式出现。
(eg. 30-metre-high ; 2-foot-tall)
(2)tell sb. sth. 告诉某人某事
Tell sb. to do sth. 告诉某人去做某事
(2) whether引导宾语从句
whether和if表“是否”，可引导宾语从句，但是，句尾有or not, 只能用whether。
连接词whether…or not可以表示选择：
eg.I don’t know whether you are interested (in it) or not.
You must help him, whether you like him or not.
不管你是否喜欢他，你（都）必须帮助他。
文章到这为止分开为两段。第一段描述一般情况，采用一般现在时。下面讲述昨天发生的故事，采用一般过去式。
9、She came into my room yesterday. ‘What are you doing ’ she asked. 'I'm hanging this picture on the wall,' I answered. ‘It’s a new one. Do you like it ’
one 代替 picture, 避免重复。
the windows in the wall /picture on the wall 注意介词的不同
10、She looked at it critically for a moment. 'It's all right,' she said, 'but
isn't it upside down '
Isn’t it upside down ＝It’s upside down.
(否定疑问句，没有否定的意思，起肯定作用，起强调作用，表达一种情绪。)
eg.Aren't you lucky 你真幸运
Isn't it a boy
11、I looked at it again. She was right! It was!
It was! 省略句 (避免重复，罗嗦，完整句：It was upside-down!)
【Key structures】
一般现在时与现在进行时
表客观事实，普遍真理，用一般现在时。
表现在的特征或状态，用一般现在时。
经常性或习惯性的动作，用一般现在时。
表示状态和感觉的动词，通常用一般现在时。
be love like
hate want hope
need prefer wish
know understand remember
believe recognize appear
appreciate feel forget
hear look like notice
resemble see think
5、现在进行时表示正在进行的动作。表示状态和感觉的动词，一般不用进行时态，因为它们不能表示正在进行的动作。但是如果词义转变，能表示一个正在进行的动作，可用于进行时态。
eg. What do you think of it
What are you thinking about
eg. He looks like his father.
He is looking after his little sister.