新概念英语二册超详讲义笔记Lesson 76 April Fools' Day 愚人节

Lesson 76 April Fools' Day 愚人节
【New words and expressions】（15）
fool n. 傻瓜
bulletin n. 新闻简报
announcer n. （电视、电台）播音员
macaroni n. 通心面，空心面条
leading adj. 主要的
grower n. 种植者
splendid adj. 极好的
stalk n. 梗
gather v. 收庄稼
thresh v. 打（庄稼）
process v. 加工
Signor n. （意大利语）先生
present adj. 目前的
champion n. 冠军
studio n. 播音室
fool n. 傻瓜
(1) n. 傻子，愚人，呆子
eg. Don’t be a fool! 别傻了！
He is no fool. 他不是傻子！
You fool! 你真傻！
adj. (美）愚蠢的，傻的（foolish)
a fool idea 愚蠢的念头
be fool enough to do sth. 笨到做……
eg. She was fool enough to believe that.
她笨到相信那件事。
make a fool of 愚弄，嘲笑
eg. Don’t make a fool of poor people.
不要嘲笑穷人。
v. 愚弄，骗，骗取
eg. He has fooled a lot of people into believing that he is an honest statesman.
他骗取许多人相信他是个诚实的政治家。
fool about = fool around 闲荡，闲游
bulletin n. 新闻简报
（1）n. (政府机关的）公报，告示，公告
（2）n. 新闻快报
eg. bulletin board (美）面，布告牌
notice board (英）
announcer n. （电视、电台）播音员
announce
v. 发表，宣布，告知
eg. announce new economic policies 发布新经济方案
The news was announced to the public on TV.
这新闻在电视上会公共播出。
Please announce to your class that there will be no school tomorrow.
请通知你的同学明天不上课。
v. 显示，预告
eg. A warm sunshine announces the coming of spring.
= A warm sunshine announces that spring is coming.
温暖的阳光显示着春天就要来了。
announcer n. 广播员，播音员
announcement n. 发表，公布；告知，宣告
eg. I’d like to make an important announcement.
我要发表一项重要声明。
macaroni n. 通心面，空心面条
spaghetti 意大利面条
leading adj. 主要的
adj. 主要的，最重要的
eg. the leading tpics 主要话题
play a leadng part 扮演主角
adj. 领导的，卓越的，一流的
eg. leading politicians 卓越的政治家
adj. 先导的，带头的
eg. a leading horse 带头的马
leading article 社论，评论
leading light 重要人物，有权者
grower n. 种植者
(1) n. 栽培者
eg. a vegetable grower 蔬菜栽培者
(2) n. 成长得…的植物
eg. a fast grower 早熟植物
= a quick grower
grow
(1) v. 成长，长大
eg. Children grow rapidly. 孩子长得很快。
He has grown 10 centimetres taller in a year.
他一年长高10厘米。
(数目，数量）增大，增加
eg. The population of this city is growing every year.
这个城市的人口每年都在增长。
Our anxieties grew as our son grew.
随着儿子长大，我们忧虑的事情增多了。
v. (逐渐）变得，变成…状态
eg. It was growing dark. 天变暗了。
He has grown rich. 他变富有了。
He has grown excited. 他变得兴奋起来。
grow on (事情对某人有）越来越大的影响，越来越被…喜爱
eg. The drinking habit grew on me. 我染上饮酒的习惯。
I didn’t like rock music at first, but it as grown on me.
我起初不喜欢摇滚乐，但现在我渐渐喜欢上它了。
grow up 成长
eg. Grow up! 别孩子气了！
growing adj. 成长的
eg. growing pains 成长期神经痛；青春期苦恼
grown adj. 长成的，大人的
eg. a grown man 一个大人
splendid adj. 极好的
adj. (风景，建筑）壮丽的，华丽的，壮观的
eg. a splendid sunset 壮丽的落日
The view was just speldnid. 风景极为壮观
adj. 太好的，真了不起的
eg. We’ve had a splendid time.
我们玩得相当开心。
That’s a splendid idea. 真是个了不起的主意。
splendidly adv. 极好地
splendor n. 光彩，光辉
eg. the splendor of a sunset 夕阳的光辉
the splendor of the palace 宫殿的富丽堂皇
stalk n. 梗
n. 茎，叶柄，花梗
eg. cherry stalks 樱桃的梗
stern stalk 花茎
petal 花瓣
leaf 叶子
root 根
v. 大踏步地走，昂首阔步地走
eg. He stalked out in anger. 他愤怒地大踏步走出去。
gather v. 收庄稼
v. 收成，摘取，收集
eg. She gathered flowers from the garden.
她在花园里摘花。
a farmer gathering in the crop
正在收割的农民
a boy gathering his toy up
正在收拾玩具的男孩
v. 获知，推测为
eg. I gathered from her remarks that she isn’t satisfied with her job.
我从她的言谈中推测她对工作不满意。
gathering n. 聚集，集会，集合
thresh v. 打（庄稼）,（把谷物）脱粒
eg. threshing machine 脱粒机
process v. 加工
n. 过程，经过，（自然的）作用
the process of development 发展（育）的过程
eg. Do you know what chemical processes are involved when food
is digested
n. 制法，程度，处置
be in the process of 在…进行中间，在…之中
eg. The building is in the process of being restored.
这幢大楼在重建过程中。
the process of making cake 做蛋糕的程序
v. 加工；处理
procession n. 行列
Signor n. （意大利语）先生
present adj. 目前的
adj. 目前的，现今的
eg. the present President 责任总统
at the present moment 在此刻
in the present case 在目前这种情况下
adj. 出席的，在场的（反义词：absent)
eg. A lot of students were present at the meeting.
许多学生参加这个会。
Who else was present on that occasion
还有谁在场？
All the girls present turned to him.
所有在场的孩子都向他求助。
adj. 留存的，浮现的
eg. The touching scene is still present to my mind.
present company 在座各位
n. 礼物
eg. Christmas presents
n. 现在
eg. at present = now
v. 赠送；上演
eg. present special programs 上演特别节目
champion n. 冠军，优胜者，锦标保持人
(champ 口语）
eg. If our team defeats yours, we’ll be the champions.
假如我们打败你们队，我们就是冠军了。
the world’s heavy weight champion 世界重量级冠军
runner-up = second place 亚军
third place 季军
championship n. 冠军身份，冠军称号；锦标寒（常用复数）
studio n. 播音室
n. 工作室，画室
n. 电影制片厂
n. 录音室；播音室；灌唱片室
eg. studio ap
artment （美）单房公寓
= efficiency apartment
【Text】
'To end our special news bulletin,' said the voice of the television announcer, 'we're going over to the macaroni fields of Calabria. Macaroni has been grown in this area for over six hundred years. Two of the leading growers, Giuseppe Moldova and Riccardo Brabante, tell me that they have been expecting a splendid crop this year and harvesting has begun earlier than usual. Here you can see two workers who, between them, have just finished cutting three cartloads of golden brown macaroni stalks. The whole village has been working day and night gathering and threshing this year's crop before the September rains. On the right, you can see Mrs. Brabante herself. She has been helping her husband for thirty years now. Mrs. Brabante is talking to the manager of the local factory where the crop is processed. This last scene shows you what will happen at the end of the harvest: the famous Calabrian macaroni-eating competition! Signor Fratelli, the present champion, has won it every year since 1991. And that ends our special bulletin for today, Thursday, April lst. We're now going back to the studio.'
参考译文
“作为我们专题新闻节目的结尾，”电视广播员说，“我们现在到克拉布利亚的通心粉田里。通心粉在这个地区已经种植了600多年了。两个主要种植者，朱塞皮.莫尔道瓦和里卡多.布拉班特告诉我，他们一直期待着今年获得一个大丰收，收割工作比往年开始要早些。这里您可以看到两个工人，他们协力割下了3车金黄色的通心粉秸。全村的人都日夜奋战，要赶在9月的雨季之前把今年的庄稼收获上来，打完场。在屏幕的右侧，您可以看到布拉班特太太本人，她已经帮了她的丈夫30年了。布拉班特太太现在正和负责通心粉加工的当地加工厂的经理交谈。这最后一个镜头向您展示了收获之后将发生的事情：著名的克拉布利亚人吃通心粉大赛！目前的冠军弗拉特里先生，自1991年以来，年年获胜。今天 -- 4月1日，星期四--的专题新闻节目到此结束。现在我们回到电视演播室。”
【课文讲解】
1、'To end our special news bulletin,' said the voice of the television announcer, we're going over to the macaroni fields of Calabria.
end v. 使…结束，终止
eg. The road ends here. 这条路就到这儿了。
They decided to end their relationship.
他们决定终止关系。
They ended the play with a song.
他们以一首歌结束这个演出。
announcer (电视，电台）播音员
anchorman （电视等）新闻综合报道员，主播；主持人
go over to
(1) 往…去
eg. He went over to an old woman and helped her into the bus.
他朝老太太走过去，帮助她上了公共汽车。
越过
eg. go over the fence 越过栅栏
(详细地）调查，检查，视察
eg. I went over the figures twice, but reached the same total.
我把数字检查了两遍，但是得出相同的总和。
You should go over a house before buying it.
在买房子之前你应该检查一下。
反复，温习
eg. She went over the lines time and again.
她反复温习台词。
2、Macaroni has been grown in this area for over six hundred years. Two of the leading growers, Giuseppe Moldova and Riccardo Brabante, tell me that they have been expecting a splendid crop this year and harvesting has begun earlier than usual.
two of the leading growers 两个主要种植者
Giuseppe Moldova and Riccardo Brabante （同位语关系)
have been expecting 一直期待着
(现在完成进行时）
a splendid crop 大丰收
harvesting (n.)= harvest(n.v.)
eg. a good harvest 丰收
= a fair harvest
a bad harvest 歉收
= a poor harvest
harvester 收获者，收割者
than usual 比平常
usual adj. 平常的
usually adv. 通常
eg. This morning she got up earlier than usual.
今天早上她比平常起得早。
He usually gets up at six o’clock.
他通常6点起床。
3、Here you can see two workers who, between them, have just finished cutting three cartloads of golden brown macaroni stalks.
between作介词时含义之一是“作为……共同努力的结果，协力”：
between them 由于他们共同努力的结果
between 在两者之间
among 在三者或三者以上之中
eg. Tom sat between Jill and Jennifer.
Tom坐在Jill和Jennifer之间。
The Prime Minister was among those present.
首相在出席者中间。
You’ll find it somewhere among those newspapers.
你将在报纸中间找到它。
finish doing
eg. I haven’t finished reading the book yet.
我还没有读完这本书。
three cartloads of golden brown macaroni stalks
三车金黄通心粉
cartload n. 马车之量，大量
golden adj. 金黄色的
eg. the golden years of one’s life 人生的黄金时代
a golden opportunity 绝好的机会
4、The whole village has been working day and night gathering and threshing this year's crop before the September rains.
The whole village 全村人
has been working (现在完成进行时态） 一直在工作
gathering and threshing 收割和打场
(现在分词短语作状语）
the September rains 9月雨季
rains n. 雨水；雨季，季节性的雨（常用复数）
drizzle 蒙蒙细雨
shower 骤雨
squall 狂风暴雨
thundershower 雷阵雨
downpour 倾盆大雨
5、On the right, you can see Mrs. Brabante herself.
on the right 在右边
on the left 在左边
6、She has been helping her husband for thirty years now.
has been helping (现在完成进行时） 一直在帮助
7、Mrs. Brabante is talking to the manager of the local factory where the crop is processed.
where the crop is processed 通心粉所加工的工厂
（where引导定语从句修饰factory)
manager 经理
sales manager 销售经理
general manager 总经理
director 主任，主管
headmaster 中小学校长
principal 中小学校长
president 大专院校校长
chancellor 大专院校校长
section chief 科长，处长
8、This last scene shows you what will happen at the end of the harvest: the famous Calabrian macaroni-eating competition!
the last scene 最后一个镜头
what will happen at the end of the harvest
(what引导宾语从句）
Calabria 克拉布利亚
Calabrian 克拉布利亚人
9、Signor Fratelli, the present champion, has won it every year since 1991.
the present champion是Signor Fratelli的同位语
has won it every year since 1991 自从1991年每年都获胜
（现在完成时态）
10、And that ends our special bulletin for today, Thursday, April lst. We're now going back to the studio.'
special bulletin 专题新闻节目
special
adj. 特别的，特殊的
eg. special treatment 特殊对待
a special correspondent 特派员
special talent 卓越的才能
adj. 专门的，特殊的（反义词：general 普通的，一般的）
eg. a special hospital 专科医院
make a special study of American literature
专攻美国文学
adj. 特别做的，专用的，临时的
eg. a special tool for digging holes 挖坑的专用工具
a special train 临时（特别）列车
n. 特别节目
eg. Today’s Special 本日特价品
【Key Structures】
（L4，L28，L52重点讲解过现在完成时和现在完成进行时）
现在完成时：
构成：have + done / has + done
eg. They have seen the film many times.
这部电影他们已经看了很多次了。
含义：强调过去动作对现在的影响，或者说过去的动作一直延续到现在， 还有可能再继续延续下去。
现在完成进行时：
构成：have been + doing / has been + doing
含义：强调过去动作一直延续到现在，一直发生着，存在着影响。
eg. We’ve just been talking about you.
刚刚我们一直在谈论你。
【Special Difficulties】
Usual and Usually
usual adj. 通常的，平常的，惯常的
It is usual with him to get up late.
I parked the car at the usual place.
usually adv. 平常，通常
When do you usually have supper
Between and Among
between prep. 在（两者）之间
I picked up the receiver between two sticky finger.
当表示两两之间的相互关系时，between可用于3个（或3个以上）的名词前：
The village lies between a river, a mountain and a road.
among prep. 在……中间，被……环绕（指三者以上）
The church lies among mountains.
Among those boys, Dan is the tallest.
Manager，Director and Headmaster
manager n. 经理
I entered the hotel manager’s office and sat down.
director n. 主任，董事
Mr. Jones is the director of several companies.
headmaster n.（中学）校长
I haven’t met the headmaster of this school yet.
【Summary Writing】
To end the special news bulletin, the television announcer showed viewers the macaroni fields of Calabria, where macaroni has been grown for over six hundred years. Harvesting has begun earlier this year and the whole village has been working hard, gathering and threshing the crop before the September rains. The crop is processed in the local factory. After the harvest, the famous Calabrian macaroni- eating competition, which Signor Fratelli has won every year since 1991 will take place. That ended the news bulletin for April 1st.
To end the news bulletin, the television announcer showed viewers the fields of Calabria. Here, macaroni has been grown for over six hundred years. This year, harvesting has begun earlier. The whold village has been working hard, gathering and threshing before the September rains so that the crop can be processed in the local factory. After the harvest, the famous macaroni-eating competition will be held. This has been won by Signor Fratelli every year since 1991. With that, the news bulletin for April 1st ended.