新概念英语二册超详教案讲义笔记Lesson 38 Everything except the weather 唯独没有考虑到天气

Lesson 38 Everything except the weather
唯独没有考虑到天气
【New words and expressions】（6）
except prep. 除了
Mediterranean n. 地中海
complain v. 抱怨
continually adv. 不断地
bitterly adv. 刺骨地
sunshine n. 阳光
★except prep. 除了，除了…之外
eg. Except a broken chair, the room has no furniture.
(chair与furniture性质相同）
except for 除了（减法）
besides 除了（加法）
apart from 除…之外（加法）（减法）
but prep. 除…之外（强调未被排除的其他事物或人）
（与no, nobody, all, anywhere等连用）
eg. Nobody knew her name but me.
★Mediterranean n. (the ~)地中海
n. 地中海 the Mediterranean/ the Mediterranean Sea
adj.地中海的 Mediterranean climate 地中海气候
★complain v. 抱怨
v.（常做贬义）抱怨，投诉，发牢骚
complain to sb. about sth. 向某人抱怨某事
= complain to sb. at. sth.
n. complaint [u] 抱怨，埋怨
★continually adv. 不断地
continually adv. 连续地, 频繁地(时断时续)
eg. The baby cry continually.
continual adj. 一再重复的，连续的
continuously adv. 连续不断地
continuous adj. 连续不断的
continue v. 继续, 连续, 延伸
(用于不中断的继续或中断后的继续）
continue doing sth. = continue to do sth.
★bitterly adv. 刺骨地
bitter adj. 苦味的，痛苦的
eg. The coffee was too bitter to drink.
taste: sour , sweet, bitter, hot ,salty
eg. a bitter experience 痛苦的经历
bitterly adv. 苦苦地，惨痛地，严寒地
eg. I am bitterly disappointed. 我极度地失望。
It’s bitterly cold. 刺骨地寒冷
bitterness n. 苦味，痛苦
★sunshine n. 阳光
阳光[u] (复合名词）
eg. a drop of sunshine 一缕阳光 （a drop of 一缕）
晴天，好天气 [u]
eg. After rain comes sunshine. 雨过天晴，苦尽甘来。（谚）
也可直接用 “sun” 表示阳光
eg. sunrise 日出 sunset 日落 sunbath 日光浴
【Text】
My old friend, Harrison, had lived in the Mediterranean for many years before he returned to England. He had often dreamed of retiring in England and had planned to settle down in the country. He had no sooner returned than he bought a house and went to live there. Almost immediately he began to complain about the weather, for even though it was still summer, it rained continually and it was often bitterly cold. After so many years of sunshine, Harrison got a shock. He acted as if he had never lived in England before. In the end, it was more than he could bear. He had hardly had time to settle down when he sold the house and left the country. The dream he had had for so many years ended there. Harrison had thought of everything except the weather.
参考译文
我的老朋友哈里森在回到英国以前曾多年居住在地中海地区。过去他常幻想退休后到英国，并计划在乡间安顿下来。他刚一回到英国便买下了一幢房子住了进去。但紧接着他就开始抱怨那里的天气了。因为即使那时仍为夏季，但雨总是下个不停，而且常常冷得厉害。在阳光下生活了那么多年的哈里森对此感到惊奇。他的举动就好像他从未在英国生活过一样。最后，他再也忍受不住，还没等安顿下来就卖掉了房子，离开了这个国家。他多年来的幻想从此破灭。哈里森把每件事情都考虑到了，唯独没想到天气。
【课文讲解】
MY old friend, Harrison, had lived in the Mediterranean for many years before he returned to England.
had lived 表示过去的过去，用过去完成时态
before he returned to England 是个时间状语从句（一般过去时）
2、He had often dreamed of retiring in England and had planned to settle down in the country.
dream of sth./ doing sth.… 梦想，向往
dreamer 梦想家
a day dream 白日梦 = a waking dream
settle down 定居，安身，安顿
country 国家，乡村
country 农村
country 国家（最普遍的中性词）
state 侧重指政权机构，亦可指政府本身
nation （1)可指政治单位，比state庄重
the United Nations 联合国
(2)民族
land 较为庄重，多用于诗歌中
（motherland = native land = homeland 祖国）
He had no sooner returned than he bought a house and went to live there.
(1) no sooner…than… 一……就……（关联词，引导时间状语从句，主句里常用过去完成时，than后面的从句用一般过去时），相同用法的还有as soon as，the moment，on doing
(2) had no sooner done…than +一般过去时, 固定用法
(时态结构 : 完成时态 + than + 一般过去时)
= as soon as 一…就
hardly…when 几乎来不及…就
（主语 had no sooner done + than + 一般过去时的句子）
(3) no sooner放在句首就要倒装 (L:79 讲倒装句）
Eg. No sooner had he arrived than he called me up. (倒装)
4、Almost immediately he began to complain about the weather, for even though it was still summer, it rained continually and it was often bitterly cold.
almost immediately 几乎马上, 很快地 (时间上的快)
complain to sb. about sth. 向某人报怨某事
for（连词）表示因为(解释说明, 附加的)＝because因为（一定要说的原因），for与because不同，不能用于句首，并且在for后面必须重复主语： I don’t have a car, for I can’t afford it.
even though =even if 即使，虽然（引导让步状语从句）
eg. Even though I came here, my mind was absent. 尽管我人来了, 但我还是心不在焉
三个it均指天气，属虚主语的用法
5、After so many years of sunshine, Harrison got a shock.
so many years 这么多年
get a shock 大吃一惊（程度更重）
get a surprise 吃了一惊
get a fright 吓了一跳
6、He acted as if he had never lived in England before.
as if+句子 似乎, 好像（引导方式状语从句，如果从句为过去完成时则是虚拟语气，描述与事实相反, 后面的条件是假的）
虚拟语气： 表示所说的话只是一种主观的愿望，假想和建议等。
虚拟语气的动词基本形式有七种，其中had + 过去分词表示对过去事实的相反的假想。
7、In the end, it was more than he could bear.
= He could not bear it any more. 他不能再忍受下去了。
= He could bear it no more.
more than在这里表示“超过……的范围”
8、He had hardly had time to settle down when he sold the house and left the country. The dream he had had for so many years ended there.
hardly…when…
还没来得及……就……，用法同no sooner…than
hardly had sb. done when… (hardly在句首, 要倒装)
He had hardly opened his eyes when he was knocked out.（knock out : 打晕, 击倒）
have time to do sth. 有时间做某事
I have no time to talk with you. 我没时间和你说话
I have time enough to have coffee. 我有足够的时间喝咖啡
9、Harrison had thought of everything except the weather.
think of
考虑，思考
eg. What were you thinking of
想起
eg. I can’t think of his phone number.
想到
eg. I’ve thought of a good person for monitor.
万想不到，做梦也没想到（与would not, could not连用）
eg. I wouldn’t think of selling the land.
weather
n. 天气
v. 暴露于风雨中，使风化
eg. weather wood 将木材晾干
【Key structures】　
过去完成时
过去完成时经常与一般过去时连用，表示过去某个动作发生前完成的动作。与过去完成时连用的表示时间的词或词组有when，after，as soon as，(not) until，by that time，(never) before，already，for，since，just，no sooner…than，hardly…when等。过去完成时不能与副词ago连用（ago只能与一般过去时连用）。
He hadn’t finished it by yesterday evening. 到昨天晚上他还没做完。
I’d never flown a plane at all until I flew this one!
在驾驶这架飞机之前我从来没有驾驶过飞机！
【Special Difficulties】
No sooner…than and Hardly…when
no sooner…than (一……就……)；hardly…when (几乎未来得及……就……)这两组连词意义都和as soon as相近，但比as soon as正式。它们通常都与过去完成时连用。当no sooner和hardly位于句首时，后面的主谓结构都要颠倒顺序，即句子变为no sooner/hardly +助动词 +主语 +动词形式的语序。
No sooner had he begun speaking than he was interrupted. 他刚一开始讲话就被打断了。
Hardly had he got into the bus when it began moving.
Country and Countryside
country n. 国家，祖国；乡下（做“乡下”讲时常与the连用）
Which country do you come from
He had planned to settle down in the country.
countryside n. 农村地区（强调景色），乡下
The countryside around Vienna is very beautiful. 维也纳周围的乡村非常漂亮.
I grew up in the countryside.
Continuously and Continually
continuously adv. 不断地，连续地（指动作中间没有间断）
You mustn’t watch TV for such a long time continuously.
This plane can fly continuously for twenty hours.
continually adv. 频繁地，反复地（指动作中间有间断但又持续很久）
It rained continually. 天频繁地下雨。
The river flows under this bridge continuously. 河水不停地从桥下流过.