新概念英语二册超详教案讲义笔记Lesson 95 A fantasy 纯属虚构

Lesson 95 A fantasy 纯属虚构
【New words and expressions】（12）
fantasy n. 幻想故事
ambassador n. 大使
Escalopia n. 艾斯卡罗比亚（虚构的国名）
frightful adj. 可怕的，令人吃惊的
fire extinguisher 灭火器
drily adv. 冷淡地，枯燥无味地
embassy n. 大使馆
heaven n. 天，天堂
basement n. 地下室
definitely adv. 肯定地
post v. 派任
shot n. 子弹
★fantasy n. 幻想（故事）
eg. the world of fantasy 幻想的世界
fantastic
adj. 空想的
eg. a fantastic plan 一个空想的计划
adj. 极好的，美妙的
eg. The night view of the bay is even more fantastic.
海湾的夜景甚至更美。
fantastically adv.
★ambassador n. 大使，使节
embassy n. 大使馆
ambassadress n. 女大使，大使夫人
eg. the British Ambassador at Tokyo 英国驻东京大使
the Chinese Ambassador to Great Britain 中国驻英国大使
★Escalopia n. 艾斯卡罗比亚（虚构的国名）
★frightful adj. 可怕的，令人吃惊的
eg. a frightful accident 可怕的事故
frightfully adv.
frightened adj. 可怕的，惊吓的
be frightened to do sth. 害怕做某事
eg. She was very frightened to look down from the top floor of the building.
从顶层上，她很害怕往楼下看。
be frightened that 害怕做某事
eg. The boy was frightened that he would get lost.
这个男孩害怕迷路。
★fire extinguisher 灭火器
extinguish v. (火，光等)熄灭
= put out 扑灭
eg. extinguish a cigarette 熄灭香烟
extinguish the light 熄灭灯
★drily adv. 冷淡地，枯燥无味地
dry adj. 干的；枯燥的
dryness n. 干燥，干旱
★embassy n. 大使馆
eg. the American Embassy 美国大使馆
legation 公使馆
consulate 领事馆
★heaven n. 天，天堂
天国，天堂 （反义词：hell）
eg. go to heaven 上天堂
angels in heaven 天堂里的天使
上帝
eg. the will of Heaven 神意，天命
Heaven helps those who help themselves. 天助自助者。
天空 (对应 earth)
eg. the starry heavens 星空
in the western heavens 在西边的天空
Good Heavens! 糟了，天哪！
★basement n. 地下室
cellar n. (贮藏酒的)地下室
eg. He lives in the basement of the apartment house.
base
n. 底部，根基
eg. the base of a building 建筑的地基
n. 基地，根据地
eg. an air base 空军基地
get to first base 获得初步的成功
★definitely adv. 肯定地
adv. 肯定地，明确地，确定地
eg. I can’t tell you definitely when I will come.
我无法肯定地告诉你我何时来。
I’ll definitely be at home before six.
6点之前我肯定在家。
(用于回答中)正确，正是那样
eg. -- Can you go alone 你能一个人走吗？
-- Definitely. 当然可以。
definite
adj. 一定的
eg. His school work was not up to the definite standard.
他的作业没有达到一定的标准。
adj. 确定的，确实的
eg. a definite answer 确定的回答，肯定的回答
It is definite that he is wrong. 他肯定错了。
define
v. 给…下定义
eg. It’s hard to define this word. 这个词很难下定义。
v. 界定
eg. My duties are not well defined. 我的职务没有很好的被界定。
The river defines a border between the two countries.
这条河界定了两国的边界。
★post v. 派任
vt. 派任（与人连用）
eg. Two months ago, Horst was posted to Paris.
n. 地位，职位
eg. hold an important post in the company 在公司任要职
remain at one’s post 留任
He got a post as a diplomat. 他获任外交官的职务。
(3) vt. 邮寄（与物连用，美语用mail）
eg. He posted me a Christmas card last year.
Would you please post this parcel for me
★shot n. 子弹
n. 子弹
eg. The gun is out of shot. 这个枪没子弹了。
n. 开枪，发射，射击
eg. He had a shot at the goose. 他射击那只鹅。
= He took a shot at the goose.
He fired three shots. 他开了3枪。
We heard shots in the distance. 我们听到远处的枪响。
a shot in the dark 猜想，瞎猜，臆想
have a shot at 尝试，试试看
shoot
v. 射击，开枪（shoot shot shot）
eg. He was shot in the arm. 他被射中了手臂。
He shot at a wild duck. 他射中了野鸭。
shoot v. 射中
eg. He shot a deer. 他射中一头鹿。
shoot at 向…射击
v. 发芽，生枝，伸出
eg. The trees are shooting out fresh green leaves. 这些树长出了鲜嫩的绿叶。
shoot out one’s tongue 伸出舌头
shooter n. 射手
shooting n. 射击
【Text】
When the Ambassador of Escalopia returned home for lunch, his wife got a shock. He looked pale and his clothes were in a frightful state.
'What has happened ' she asked. 'How did your clothes get into such a mess '
'A fire extinguisher, my dear,' answered the Ambassador drily. 'University students set the Embassy on fire this morning.'
'Good heavens!' exclaimed his wife. 'And where were you at the time '
'I was in my office as usual,' answered the Ambassador. 'The fire broke out in the basement. I went down immediately, of course, and that fool, Horst, aimed a fire extinguisher at me. He thought I was on fire. I must definitely get that fellow posted.'
The Ambassador's wife went on asking questions, when she suddenly noticed a big hole in her husband's hat.
'And how can you explain that ' she asked.
'Oh, that,' said the Ambassador. 'Someone fired a shot through my office window. Accurate, don't you think Fortunately, I wasn't wearing it at the time. If I had been, I would not have been able to get home for lunch.'
参考译文
当艾斯卡罗比亚国的大使回到家吃午饭时，把他的夫人吓了一跳。他面色苍白，衣服也搞得不成样子。
“发生了什么事？”她问，“你的衣服怎么搞得一塌糊涂？”
“灭火器弄的，亲爱的，”大使冷冷地回答，“今天上午大学生们放火点着了大使馆。”
“天啊！”他的夫人惊叫，“那你当时在什么地方？”
“我和往常一样，在办公室里，”大使回答说。“地下室突然着火，我当然马上下去了。但那个傻瓜霍斯特把灭火器对准了我。他认为是我着火了。我一定要把那个家伙打发走。”
大使夫人继续提出问题，她突然又发现丈夫的帽子上有个洞。
“那么你对那又作何解释呢？”她问。
“那个嘛，”大使说，“有人向我办公室窗户开了一枪。真够准的，是不是？幸亏我当时没戴帽子。如果真戴着它，我现在就不能回家来吃午饭了。”
【课文讲解】
1、When the Ambassador of Escalopia returned home for lunch, his wife got a shock. He looked pale and his clothes were in a frightful state.
Escalopia 虚构的国名
Utopia 乌托邦
（Sir Thomas More 著《乌托邦》一书中描写的理想国）
get a shock 大吃一惊
shock
n. 冲击，震荡
eg. Three shocks of the earthquakes were felt last night.
昨晚感到3次地震的震荡。
This shock of the explosion shook the building.
爆炸的冲击震动了这座楼。
n. 精神上的打击
eg. The news was a great shock to us. 这个消息对我们来说是个打击。
n. 电击
eg. get an electric shock 遭电击
in a frightful state 在一个可怕的状态
2、'What has happened ' she asked. 'How did your clothes get into such a mess '
get into such a mess 搞得这样糟
in a mess 乱七八糟
= in a terrible mess
make a mess of it 把事情弄糟
What a mess! 多乱啊！
3、'A fire extinguisher, my dear,' answered the Ambassador drily. 'University students set the Embassy on fire this morning.'
set … on fire 放火
set on 攻击，袭击
eg. The robber set on her in a back street. 劫匪在僻巷袭击了他。
4、'Good heavens!' exclaimed his wife. 'And where were you at the time '
Good heavens! 天哪！
= My God! = Dear me! = Goodness me!
5、'I was in my office as usual,' answered the Ambassador. 'The fire broke out in the basement.
as usual 像往常一样
as before 像以前一样
than usual 比往常
than before 比以前
break out 突然发生
eg. Fire broke out during the night. 夜里突然着火了。
War broke out in 1939. 1939年战争爆发了。
break out of sth. 强行逃出某处
eg. Several prisoners broke out of the jail. 几个犯人越狱了。
6、I went down immediately, of course, and that fool, Horst, aimed a fire extinguisher at me.
a fire extinguisher 灭火器
aim … at 瞄准
eg. He aimed at the bird, fired and missed.
他瞄准那只鸟，射击，但是没射中。
7、He thought I was on fire. I must definitely get that fellow posted.'
post v. 派到另一岗位
get sb posted 把…派往另外一个职位
post v. 邮，寄
eg. post a letter 寄一封信
post a parcel 寄一个包裹
fellow
男人，家伙，老兄
eg. He is a pleasant fellow. 他是个令人愉快的家伙。
Poor fellow! 可怜的家伙！
What a fellow! 好家伙！
同伴，同事
eg. She is playing with her schoolfellows. 她正和同学们一起玩。
He is kind to his fellows. 他对同事们很友好。
fellowship n. 伙伴关系，友情
8、The Ambassador's wife went on asking questions, when she suddenly noticed a big hole in her husband's hat. 'And how can you explain that ' she asked. 'Oh, that,' said the Ambassador. 'Someone fired a shot through my office window. Accurate, don't you think
fire v. 发射（枪、弹等）
fire a shot 开枪
Accurate, don’t you think 真够准的，是不是？
正常语序：
Don’t you think it was accurate
反义词：inaccurate adj. 不正确的，不精确的
eg. an accurate report of the affair 事情的正确报道
Is your watch accurate 你的表准吗？
9、Fortunately, I wasn't wearing it at the time. If I had been, I would not have been able to get home for lunch.'
对过去事实作相反假设，从句用过去完成时，主句用would have done
If I had been是个省略句，完整的句子是：If I had been wearing that hat…
【Key Structures】
一般将来时
be going to do 打算做某事，准备做某事
will do 将要做
be doing 进行时表示将来
2. 被动语态
【Summary Writing】
While the Ambassador of Escahipia was in his office, university students set the basement of the Embassy on fire. When the Ambassador went to investigate, a man called Horst aimed a fire extinguisher at him because he thought that the Ambassador was on fire. Moreover, there was a hole in the Ambassador's hat which had been made when someone fired a shot through his office window. The Ambassador was lucky, for he was not wearing it at the time. (78 words)
The Ambassador of Escalopia was in his office when university students set the Embassy basement on fire. After the Ambassador had gone to investigate, a man called Horst aimed a fire extinguisher at him under the impression that the Ambassador was on fire. In addition to this, there was a hole in the Ambassador's hat. It had been made when someone fired a shot through his office window. It was lucky for the Ambassador that he was not wearing it. (79 words)