（10）Unit 4 Natural Disasters——2023-2024学年高一英语人教版（2019）必修第一册词汇专项训练
1.Dee watched the _____(波浪) breaking against the stones.
2.Someone _____(轻拍) him on the shoulder and he raised his head to see who it was.
3.Take more money with you in case of _____(紧急情况).
4.The landslide _____(摧毁) many houses and some residents were injured.
5.Have you heard of such natural _____(灾害) as floods, droughts and typhoons
6.A truck went out of control and _____ (碰撞) into the back of a bus.
7.We promised to _____ (递送) within 24 hours.
8.There are many _____ (紧急情况) which need prompt first aid treatment.
9.I often _____ (吹口哨) while walking.
10.Someone left the _____ (水龙头) running.
11.Although he has much _____ (权力), it doesn't make him happy.
12.How to use _____ (电) safely has become general knowledge in our village.
13.It _____ (震惊) me to see how my neighbours treated their children.
14.In the rain people were _____ (躲避) in the doorways of shops.
15.The south of the country was worst ______ (影响) by the drought.
答案以及解析
1.答案：waves
2.答案：tapped
3.答案：emergency
4.答案：destroyed
5.答案：disasters
6.答案：crashed
解析： 考查首字母填空。根据句意；一辆卡车失去控制，撞到了公共汽车的后部。分析句子可知went与所填的动词是并列谓语， crash是动词"碰撞"，过去时是 crashed。故填crashed。
7.答案：deliver
8.答案：emergencies
9.答案：whistle
10.答案：tap
11.答案：power
12.答案：electricity
13.答案：shocked
14.答案：sheltering
15.答案：affected（12）Unit 5 Languages around the World——2023-2024学年高一英语人教版（2019）必修第一册词汇专项训练
1.It shocked me that this policy bridged the _____(差距) between us.
2.As is known to all, the tiger is the _____(象征) of bravery and power.
3._____(尽管) so many difficulties in front of her, she didn't lose heart.
4.He gave us a few specific examples to help us deal with current _____(事件).
5.Keep the list of phone numbers next to the phone for easy ________ (参考).
6.The girl's ________ (描述) of the place made us longing to go there too.
7._______ (依据，基于) an important decision more on emotion rather than on reason, you will regret it sooner or later.
8.One of the best____________(性格) is kindness.
9.Research and teaching are of ________ (相等的) importance.
10.Because of the rising energy prices, millions of households in the UK are ___________ (努力，挣扎) to make ends meet.
11.Are you a ________(本族的) speaker of English
12.Physical activity is an important_____________(因素) in maintaining fitness.
13.The Coca-Cola bottle is one of the ________(经典的) designs of the last century.
14.The present ______(体系) of funding for higher education is unsatisfactory.
15.His ________ (书法) is the clearest I have ever seen.
答案以及解析
1.答案：gap
2.答案：symbol
3.答案：Despite
4.答案：affairs
5.答案：reference
解析：考查名词。句意：把电话号码列表放在电话旁边，方便查阅。根据汉语提示可知应填名词reference，作宾语。故填reference。
6.答案：description
解析：考查名词。句意：女孩对这个地方的描述使我们也渴望去那里。结合汉语提示可知填入名词description的适当形式在句子中作主语，表示"女孩对这个地方的描述"可知填入单数即可。故填description。
7.答案：Basing
解析：考查现在分词。句意：把一个重要的决定建立在情感上而不是理性上，你迟早会后悔的。表示"依据，基于"应用动词base。base…on…意为"把……建立在……基础上"。分析句子可知，空格处应填入非谓语动词作状语。主语you和base构成逻辑上的主动关系，故应用现在分词，作状语，置于句首首字母应大写。故填basing。
8.答案：characters
解析：考查名词单复数。句意：善良是最好的性格之一。"性格"译为"character"；"one of...+复数名词"是固定短语，意为"……之一"。故填characters。
9.答案：equal
解析：考查形容词。句意：研究和教学同等重要。名词importance前用形容词修饰。故填equal。
10.答案：struggling
解析：考查动词。句意：由于能源价格上涨，英国数百万家庭正在努力维持生计。根据句意可知此句为现在进行时，设空处应为动词的现在分词形式；动词struggle意为"挣扎，拼搏，努力"，动词短语struggle to do意为"尽力做某事，挣扎着做某事"符合句意，所以填struggling。故填struggling。
11.答案：native
解析：考查形容词。句意：你是英语母语者吗？根据汉语提示"本族的"以及设空处后面的speaker可知此处应填形容词native作定语。故填native。
12.答案：factor
解析：考查名词。句意：体育活动是保持健康的一个重要因素。根据汉语提示可知，factor因素，可数名词，符合题意；由空前不定冠词an可知，空处名词需用单数。故填factor。
13.答案：classic
解析：考查形容词。句意：可口可乐瓶是上个世纪的经典设计之一。该空作定语，修饰名词designs，应该用形容词。表示"经典的"，应该用classic。故填classic。
14.答案：system
解析：考查名词。句意：现行的高等教育经费制度不能令人满意。形容词present后接名词形式。故填system。
15.答案：calligraphy
解析：考查名词。句意：他的书法是我见过的字迹最清晰的。形容词性物主代词his后接名词形式。名词calligraphy"书法"，为不可数名词。故填calligraphy。（11）Unit 5 Languages around the World——2023-2024学年高一英语人教版（2019）必修第一册词汇专项训练
1.Men and women must be treated _______(equal) in education and employment.
2.The scenery of the valley is so beautiful that it is almost beyond _____(describe).
3.There is a china bowl _____(date) back to the Song Dynasty in this museum.
4.Spring is in the air and this city has set up 172 "flower _____ (appreciate) areas" for visitors.
5.Nowadays, we can find a _____(vary) of information on the Internet.
6.The Amazon rainforest _____(refer) to as the lung of the Earth.
7.This website is visited by _____(billion) of people every day.
8._____(base) on a true and moving story, the film affected the audience deeply.
9.The policeman demanded of us________ (tell) him everything about the accident.
10.The news that________(globe) warming has affected the life of animals is rather depressing.
11.I _____________ (appreciate) it very much if you could post the letter for me.
12.Hey, everybody, what are your biggest problems with ________(learn) English
13.These factors mean _________ (rise) costs for airlines and inevitably the traveling public.
14.Many people in the area died from accidents _________ (relate) to drinking alcohol.
15.Now we live in a world surrounded by the "can't do" _________ (attitude).
答案以及解析
1.答案：equally
解析：句意:在教育和就业方面,男女必须被平等对待。所填的词修饰动词,所以用副词形式。故填equally。
2.答案：description
解析：考查名词。beyond description意为"无法形容"。句意:这个山谷的景色如此美丽,简直无法形容。故填description。
3.答案：dating
解析：考查现在分词。该句为there be句型,设空处位于主语china bowl(瓷碗)后,提示词为动词,故判断此处应填非谓语动词。date back to与china bowl之间为主动关系(a china bowl dates back to...),故此处需用现在分词dating构成现在分词短语作后置定语,表示"追溯到宋朝的瓷碗"。故填dating。
4.答案：appreciation
解析：考查名词。句意:春意盎然,这座城市为游客设置了172个"赏花区"。此处应用名词作定语。故填appreciation。
5.答案：variety
解析：考查名词。句意:如今,我们在互联网上能够发现各种各样的信息。a variety of意为"各种各样的"。故填variety。
6.答案：is referred
解析：考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。句意:亚马孙雨林被称为地球之肺。此处陈述一般事实,应用一般现在时,且The Amazon rainforest(第三人称单数)和refer to之间是被动关系,故用一般现在时的被动语态。故填is referred。
7.答案：billions
解析：考查数词的用法。句意:每天有数十亿人浏览这个网站。billions of表示"数十亿"。故填billions。
8.答案：Based
解析：考查形容词短语作状语。句意:这部电影以一个真实感人的故事为基础,深深地打动了观众。be based on...意为"以……为基础",此处应用形容词短语作状语。注意首字母大写。故填Based。
9.答案：to be told
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：老师来到教室，要求告诉刚才发生了什么事。demand to do sth. "要求做某事"，又因demand的主语为"The teacher"，老师要求别人告诉他，那老师就是被告诉。所以应为demand to be done。故填to be told。
10.答案：global
解析：考查形容词。句意：全球变暖影响动物生活的消息令人相当沮丧。分析句子结构可知，空处需用形容词作定语，修饰名词warming；globe对应的形容词为global"全球的"，global warming意为"全球变暖"。故填global。
11.答案：would appreciate
解析：考查固定句型。句意：如果你能帮我寄一下这封信，我会很感激。固定句型： I would appreciate it if..."如果……我将不胜感激"。故填would appreciate。
12.答案：learning
解析：考查动名词。句意：大家好，你们学习英语最大的问题是什么？介词with后用动名词形式作宾语。故填learning。
13.答案：rising
解析：考查短语。句意：这些因素意味着航空公司和旅行大众的成本都将上升。mean doing意味着做某事。故填rising。
14.答案：related
解析：考查形容词。句意：这个地方的很多人死于和喝酒有关的事故。related为形容词，related to"和......有关的，有联系的"，此句中用形容词短语作后置定语。故填related。
15.答案：attitudes
解析：考查名词。句意：现在我们生活在一个被"不能做"的态度包围的世界。句中应该使用的是名词作宾语，attitude为名词，意为"态度"，此处用复数意义表示泛指。故填attitudes。（9）Unit 4 Natural Disasters——2023-2024学年高一英语人教版（2019）必修第一册词汇专项训练
1.However, the majority of people are _____(effect) speakers because they train to be.
2.To build up his strength, he gradually increases the _____(long) of the runs.
3.Many buildings _____(sweep) away in the flood last year, which led to many deaths.
4.Never before has our country been so _____(power) as it is today.
5.When a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it looks as if it _____(be) broken.
6.The madam made an explanation _____(calm), with a bright smile on her face.
7.Everyone breathed a sigh of relief, and they cheered to celebrate their _____(survive).
8.Dance expresses love and hate, joy and sorrow, life and _____(dead), and everything else in between.
9.Today the number of people learning first aid _____(increase) rapidly.
10.Most of us _____(breathe) out heavily when the operation was over and the patient was out of danger.
11.I was in a state of shock when I _____(rescue). They immediately sent me to the hospital.
12.They were ______(trap) in the burning hotel.
13.People should spare no effort _____ (protect) the environment.
14.We must hold on until people come to our rescue if we _____ (trap) in an earthquake.
15.It didn't take long before the building was _____ (destroy).
答案以及解析
1.答案：effective
解析：考查形容词。分析句子结构可知,设空处在句中作定语,修饰复数名词speakers意为"有影响力的"。句意:然而,大多数人是因为他们受过训练才成为有影响力的演说家的。故填effective。
2.答案：length
解析：考查名词。句意:为了增强他的体力,他逐渐增加了跑步的里程。根据设空处前的the和设空处后的of可知此处应用名词,long是形容词,其名词是length。故填length。
3.答案：were swept
解析：考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。句意:在去年的洪水中,很多建筑物被冲走,导致很多人死亡。根据时间状语last year可知此处应用一般过去时,且buildings和sweep away之间是被动关系,故用一般过去时的被动语态。主语是复数名词,谓语动词应用复数。故填were swept。
4.答案：powerful
解析：考查形容词。设空处前面有been和表示程度的副词so,故此处需用形容词作表语,故填powerful,表示"我们的国家以前从来没有像现在这样强大过"。故填powerful。
5.答案：were
解析：考查虚拟语气。句意:当铅笔的一部分放在一杯水里时,它看起来好像被折断了。此处是as if引导的表语从句中的谓语。根据常识可知铅笔放入水里时并不是真的被折断了,所以设空处应用虚拟语气,表示与现在的事实相反的情况,故用一般过去时。在虚拟语气中be动词常用were。故填were。
6.答案：calmly
解析：考查副词。句意:那位女士面带灿烂的微笑,平静地作出了解释。修饰短语made an explanation应用副词。故填calmly。
7.答案：survival
解析：考查名词。句意:每个人都松了一口气,他们欢呼庆祝自己的幸存。根据their可知,设空处应用名词,survive是动词,其名词为survival。故填survival。
8.答案：death
解析：考查名词。句意:舞蹈表达爱与恨,欢乐与悲伤,生与死,以及其他介于两者之间的一切。love and为三个并列的结hate joy and sorrow、life and构,这三个结构都是由and连接两个名词构成的,所以设空处也应用名词。故填death。
9.答案：is increasing
解析：考查主谓一致和时态。句意:现在,学习急救的人的数量在快速增加。分析可知,主语为"the number of+名词", 谓语动词需用单数形式,结合语境可知是表示现在这个人数正在快速增加,需用现在进行时表示一种进行的趋势。故填is increasing。
10.答案：breathed
解析：考查动词的时态。句意:当手术结束,病人脱离危险时,我们大部分人深深地呼了一口气。分析句子结构可知,设空处在主句中作谓语,根据时间状语从句的时态(一般过去时)可知,主句应该用一般过去时。故填breathed。
11.答案：was rescued
解析：考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。句意:我获救时已休克。他们立即把我送到了医院。根据前面的was可知此处应用一般过去时,且I(第一人称)和rescue之间是被动关系,故用一般过去时的被动语态。故填was rescued。
12.答案：trapped
解析：考查被动语态。句意:他们被困在着火的旅馆里。由语境可知此处为被动语态。故填trapped。
13.答案：to protect
14.答案：are trapped
15.答案：destroyed
