中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
2020年1月全国普通高等学校招生统一考试
上海 英语试卷
Listening Comprehension （第1-10题, 每题1分；第11-20题，每题1.5分；共25分）
Section A
Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.
1. A. A teacher. B. A doctor. C. A policeman. D. A boss.
2. A. Worried. B. Anxious. C. At ease. D. Excited.
3. A. He plays the violin very well. B. He was surprised by the woman’s skills.
C. He never knew the woman before. D. He will win the competition.
4. A. The ticket is still expensive. B. The ticket is very cheap.
C. He is jealous of the girl. D. He doesn’t want to buy the ticket.
5. A. They are talking about a song. B. They are talking about an opera.
C. They are talking about a film. D. They are talking about a novel.
6. A. She doesn’t like basketball.
B. She thinks there is no valuable player.
C. She doesn’t want to talk with the man.
D. She is disappointed with their basketball team.
7. A. She thinks the man disturbs her. B. The man is out of luck.
C. The only position was occupied yesterday. D. She wants the man called her yesterday.
8. A. They will have a date. B. They will go shopping together.
C. They will attend class in the school. D. They will play badminton together.
9. A. They have enough time to finish this work.
B. They are unlucky to do this big assignment.
C. He doesn’t think it’s a big assignment.
D. He will not start working on this task until next month.
10. A. On Monday. B. On Saturday. C. On Thursday. D. On Sunday.
Section B
Directions: In Section B, you will hear two passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of the passage and the conversation. The passages and the conversation will be read twice，but the question will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.
Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.
11. A. The pizzas become cold when they reach you.
B. The pizzas need a long time to deliver.
C. The pizzas need a long time to cook.
D. It takes too much manpower to make pizzas.
12. A. 10 minutes. B. 20 minutes. C. Half an hour. D. An hour.
13. A. Online shopping can stimulate consumption.
B. Working together with robots can improve our efficiency.
C. We should take the good use of the fragmented time.
D. The pizza house improved the speed of making pizzas.
Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.
14. A. Because the workforce is not well-trained.
B. Because supermarkets don’t have the space to add more checkout lines.
C. Because their security systems is never upgraded.
D. Because there are always many interruptions.
15. A. We should make sure that each customer has a checkout counters.
B. Another line is always moving faster than yours.
C. The chances of your line being the quickest is lower.
D. We are in bad luck if we choose the slowest line.
16. A. How can we choose the fastest line when we check out.
B. We can beat the system if given the chance
C. Queuing theory can provide an explanation to checkout at the store.
D. More complex problems are passed up to people with more training.
Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.
17. A. She will talk with George and help him out.
B. She will take George to consult a psychologist.
C. She will take George to play baseball.
D. She will help George to get the promotion.
18. A. He thinks George is good at cooking.
B. He thinks George will be fine.
C. He thinks George needs to consult a psychologist.
D. He think George is a sentimental man.
19. A. George just wanted to stay alone.
B. George’s favorite basketball team was lost in the game.
C. George was crossed in love recently.
D. George didn’t get the promotion he was promised.
20. A. Maggie loves Jack very much.
B. Maggie is George’s sister.
C. Maggie takes George and Jake like a family.
D. Maggie is not optimistic at all.
Grammar and Vocabulary （每题1分；共20分）
Section A
Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
The Ball Game of Mesoamerica
The sport known simply as the Ball Game was popular across Mesoamerica and played by all the major civilizations from the Olmecs to the Aztecs. The impressive stone courts became a staple feature of a city’s sacred complex and there were often several playing courts in a single city. (21)_________ it is more than just a game, the event could have a religious significance and featured in episodes of Mesoamerican mythology. The contests even supplied candidates for human sacrifice, for the sport could, quite literally, be a game of life or death.
The game (22) _________ (invent) sometime in the Preclassical Period (2500—100 BCE), probably by the Olmec, and became a common Mesoamerican-wide feature of the urban landscape by the Classical Period (300—900 CE). Eventually, the game was even exported to other cultures in North America and the Caribbean.
In Mesoamerican mythology the game is an important element in the story of the Maya gods Hun Hunahpú and Vucub Hunahpú. The pair annoyed the gods of the underworld with their noisy playing and the two brothers were tricked into descending into Xibalba (the underworld) _________ (23) they were challenged to a ball game. (24) _________ (lose) the game, Hun Hunahpús had his head cut off; a foretaste of (25) _________ would become common practice for players unfortunate enough to lose a game.
In (26) _________ legend, a famous ball game was held at the Aztec capital of Tenochtitlan (27) _________ the Aztec king Motecuhzoma Xocoyotzin (r. 1502—1520 CE) and the king of Texcoco. The latter (28)_________ (predict) that Motecuhzoma’s kingdom would fall and the game was set-up (29 ) _________ ( establish) the truth of this bold prediction. Motecuhzoma lost the game and did, of course, lose his kingdom at the hands of the invaders from the Old World. The story also supports the idea (30) _________ the ball game was sometimes used for the purposes of divination.
Section B
Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.
A. focused B. collaborating C. assumed D. occupations
E. frustrations F. widespread G. necessarily H. extension
I. experiences J. mistakes K. crucially
Burnout in the Hospital：Why Doctors Are Set Up for Stress
Some experts call physician bum out “inevitable”, given the high-pressure environment in which they must make potentially life-saving, and almost always life-altering, choices on a constant basis. Research shows that up to 40% of U. S. doctors experience emotional, physical, and psychological burnout from their jobs, and the consequences are no different for them than they are for people in other (31) _________ — substance abuse and cutting comers.
In the premiere issue of the journal Burnout Research, which is devoted to research on the topic, Anthony Montgomery, an associate professor in the Psychology of Work and Organizations in the University of Macedonia in Greece, (32) _________ on physician burnout, and argues that the way doctors are trained may set them up for a career of (33)_________ and high-stress situations. And the consequences may be hurting the care they provide patients.
He says that while doctors interact with people on a daily basis, their training and their worth as physicians are focused almost entirely on their technical capabilities, leaving them with few tools for understanding and navigating social interactions and for (34) _________ as part of a larger team or organization.
Montgomery argues that most medical students are chosen because of their high-test scores, so medical school becomes like a(n) (35) _________ of school. They then become residents, thrown into a more social environment in which they are expected to interact with patients, hospital staff and colleagues in ways they may not have expected to or been prepared to do. It’s (36) _________ they have the leadership skills and the proper emotional capacity to guide patients through extremely stressful and often traumatic (37) _________, but not having the tools to manage these situations can be stressful on the doctors themselves. While burnout among physicians is (38) _________, some studies have shown surgeons and OBGYNs can be at a particularly high risk.
“The irony is that doctors are the one group of people we don’t want to be stressed, yet we are increasing the possibility for them to make (39) _________,” says Montgomery. “Doctors understand that their job is to be the best doctor they can, but they do not (40)_________ understand their part in helping the hospital as a whole better serve the community.” In his practice, for example, Montgomery says that his colleagues admitted to learning skills like communication and teamwork on the job, after they left medical school.
Reading Comprehension
Section A
Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A. B.C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context
“Clean eating” is a phrase thrown around a lot in the health-and-wellness scene. I use it all the time. I (41) _________ it because there’s no formal definition, and it’s not a one-size-fits-all plan. Let’s face it: There isn’t one perfect plan that will work for everyone, (42) _________ or behaviorally. Our bodies work differently from one another. Some physiologically need more fat, some need more carbs, and all need different mixes of vitamins and minerals.
Behaviorally, there isn’t one plan that fits everyone’s (43) _________, either. Some of us (44) _________ daily, while some of us can’t make toast. For some, food is often out of their control, and they (45) _________ hotels, airports and restaurants, while others raise, grow and cook their own food. We also have different (46) _________. Some have had a health scare or are feeling low-energy and sluggish, and are curious about whether food could make them feel better; some are concerned about the environment and ecology, and the impact of how foods are grown and sold; some have yet other (47) _________.
These (48) _________ are important, because your version of clean will depend on your values and goals. Forcing yourself or someone else into an eating plan is (49) _________ a foundation for success. Instead, understanding why you are doing what you are doing will help you make choices you can stick with and make you feel better about how you eat.
When I think of eating clean, what comes to mind is knowing exactly what I’m putting into my body and making mindful decisions that are (50) _________ my values. You have seen people who ask several questions before ordering at a restaurant or making a choice at a grocery store. While it can be entertaining (or frustrating) to watch, being curious about what’s in your food is fair game and, I would argue, important. We live in a world where we must ask questions because we can’t (51) _________ that we’re eating whole foods. I don’t necessarily need to meet the farmer growing my spuds, but when I eat mashed potatoes, I want to be sure they are, well, actual (52) _________. I don’t think that’s too much to ask.
The best first step toward clean eating is knowing what’s on your (53) _________. Everything on it! We are trained to look at calories and grams on food labels, but I (54) _________ you to look at ingredients first. Do you understand what is in the food you are about to eat Are you okay with eating those ingredients Not all food products are the same. Take a moment and compare products based to on ingredients, (55)_________ solely calories, to decide whether they’re what you want.
41. A. change B. favor C. charge D. alter
42. A. accidentally B. deliberately C. physiologically D. crucially
43. A. lifestyle B. handwork C. willpower D. income
44. A. cook B. buy C. sell D. handle
45. A. center in B. go on C. catch in D. rely on
46. A. ambitions B. compliments C. motivations D. procedures
47. A. challenges B. concerns C. benefits D. damages
48. A. scales B. declines C. ranges D. distinctions
49. A. rarely B. really C. mostly D. largely
50. A. in search of B. in honor of C. in line with D. with respect to
51. A. maintain B. deny C. guarantee D. separate
52. A. potatoes B. tomatoes C. heroes D. zeroes
53. A. desk B. plate C. pot D. handle
54. A. persuade B. encourage C. provide D. convince
55. A. apart from B. more than C. less than D. rather than
Section B
Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.
(A)
When I was in high school, I wanted to attend an Ivy League university on the East Coast. I had the grades and SAT scores to get into Harvard but my father refused to pay even though tuition back then was much more affordable than it is today, well within the means of our family. I went to UCLA instead, a good university but not an Ivy. I worked at least 20 hours per week throughout my four years and have always felt that I missed out on a lot of college. I feel that I didn’t have enough time to devote to my studies. One of my biggest regrets is not having had the kind of immersion experience that my oldest son enjoyed. I envy him, but it’s not a bitter feeling. It doesn’t make me lose sight of my own accomplishments and the very real goodness in my life so far.
I believe my own father envied me, too. Early in high school, he had to drop out and help support his family during the Depression. Although he never said as much, I know he wished he could have finished high school and gone on to higher education. I was the only one of his children to do so. When I earned my doctorate and built a life as a professional, he felt a mixture of pride, vicarious fulfillment and envy.
I graduated first in my high school class. Years later, I learned that for months after, Dad had carried the little slip announcing my class rank in his pocket, showing it to friends and business associates. He was obviously proud, though he never told me so. It strikes me as a narcissistic sort of pride, about him rather than me. Many of you will relate to this experience. In your comments to my posts, you’ve told me about parents who exploited you for narcissistic gain. I don’t think my father was a bad man, or that his experience of pride was particularly unusual. Don’t most parents like to brag about their child’s success because it reflects well upon them When I speak of my sons’ lives, I feel pride in them as well as myself.
Envy gets a bad rap but there’s nothing unusual about it. Envy, as I’ve said before, can teach you what you want. Problems only arise when it links up with shame, as I’ve written about before. When the success/beauty/youth enjoyed by someone else makes us feel like a loser in comparison, our envy may become poisonous. In the illogical unconscious, we may feel as if it is precisely because the other person has the trait or thing we want that we cannot have it. We may feel that the only possible relief would be to destroy the object of our envy.
56. According to the text, the author envies his son because ________.
A. his son possesses the precious years of youth
B. his son has a perfect and impressive childhood
C. his son gets into Harvard successfully
D. his son has the immersion experience on his study
57. It can be learned that most parents are proud of their children because ________.
A. they want to exploit their children for narcissistic gain
B. they regard the success as their own and also feel pride in themselves
C. they like to brag about their child’s success
D. they want to catch their friends’ attention
58. Which of the following is TRUE of this passage
A. The author studied in an Ivy League university on the East Coast.
B. The author’s son completed author’s unfinished studies.
C. Problems only arise when envy links up with shame.
D. The author’s father didn’t care about his study and dropped out.
59. What is the author’s attitude toward envy
A. Negative. B. Positive. C. Skeptical. D. Indifferent.
(B)
Top Apps For Climate Activists
The world population is at 7 billion and it’s predicted that by the end of this year there will be one smartphone for every five people in the world. That’s a lot of phones and a lot of information literally at our fingertips.
Information is constantly changing and those of us working hard to protect the environment for ourselves and future generations need to have access to up-to-date material. Being a climate change activist can be time consuming. But…There’s an app (or ten) for that! The number of apps out there is staggering.
With these apps you’ll be amazed at how easy it is to stay in the know when it comes to your health, and the health of the environment.
Carbon Emissions Calculator for Air Travel (iOS-Free) This app allows passengers to estimate the carbon emissions attributed to their air travel. It is simple to use-just select your origin and destination airports, specify the class of travel and number of passengers. View the carbon footprint and the distance traveled for your trip.
Fooducate ( iOS and Android- $ 4. 99 ) This app empowers food shoppers everywhere to make healthy, informed decisions while at the supermarket. Scan your food and Fooducate generates a letter grade ( A, B, C, or D) for each product scanned, along with brief explanations and warnings about its nutrients and ingredients. There is also an option to enter the bar code manually. The app will recommend minimally processed, real foods which are naturally rich in nutrients and antioxidants.
Locavore (iOS and Android-Free) If you’re looking for the closest farmers market selling your favorite in season produce, then Locavore is the app for you. Locavore is a great app for those searching for local, in season, organic foods in your area. The app has one-click access to thousands of healthy, seasonal recipes and other information that can be shared with your friends and family. I like how the app not only lets you know which fruits and veggies are in season-it also lets you know how long they’ll be in season.
Zimride (iOS and Android-Free) Ridesharing apps are all the rage. Zimride is a new spin on ridesharing, using social networks to enable real connections. Once you set up a profile you are able to book a ride in your area, or post a ride of your own. Drivers can charge for rides and Zimride doesn’t take a cut. Rides seem to be reasonably priced and since profiles are linked with Facebook it’s easy to check out your potential ride companions.
60. According to this text, the author recommends APPs because ___________.
A. those APPs could help people gain the up-to-date material
B. those APPs could forecast the changing climate accurately
C. those APPs could help people who have a fast-paced lifestyle
D. those APPs are free for those people who have a designated phone
61. If you want to find in season foods, which Apps should you download
A. Zimride B. Fooducate C. Locavore D. Findfood
62. Which of the following is true about the APPs mentioned in this passage
A. Carbon Emissions Calculator for Air Travel could calculate the accurate carbon emissions of passengers.
B. Locavore can not only tell us which fruits and meat are in season, it also tell us how long they’ll be in season.
C. Zimride will charge for rides and then take a cut and the rest is belong to drivers.
D. Fooducate will recommend minimally processed foods which are naturally rich in nutrients and antioxidants.
(C)
Our green spaces are shrinking, despite all the benefits they give us. If we want to save them, we need to value the ecosystem and health and wellbeing services they offer
Parks are a huge asset, and we need to value them for the 21st century
Alison Benjamin
Sheffield city council’s balance sheet shows its parks as a 16m liability. Traditional accountancy methods focus on a park’s saleable value, or its operational costs associated with maintenance. So England’s 27,000 parks are considered as financial liabilities rather than the amazing asset to our health and wellbeing that any of their 37 million regular users could vouch for. They also deliver a range of ecosystem services such as improved air and water quality, flood risk mitigation by absorbing water run-off, and cooling the urban environment as well as providing much-needed habitat for wildlife. By using a “natural capital” accounting approach that puts a value on all these social, environmental and economic contributions, Sheffield discovered that for every 1 spent on its parks, they generate 34 of benefits.
Yet this true value is not widely measured or recognised. As Ian Walmsley, Stockport council’s green space manager told the Communities and Local Government select committee parks inquiry, “an argument has never been successfully made that if you spend x on a park, there will be a saving in the health budget and therefore you should take money out of the health budget and put it into parks”. As a result, the MPs inquiry report published last week warned that parks are at a tipping point of decline, ravaged by a 92% reduction in their budgets since 2010-11 because of local authority cuts. Less money means fewer park rangers, less maintenance, more litter, dog poo and antisocial behaviour, including gang and drug-related activities, and gradually much-loved local parks turn into dangerous eyesores. Tragically it’s the small, green spaces in poorer, built-up areas that suffer disproportionate cuts to park rangers and maintenance. We have been here before. Uncared-for, litter-strewn parks were emblematic of Thatcher’s Britain before an injection of public spending by a Labour government and 850m of lottery cash revived them.
But it doesn’t have to be this way. Andrew Hinchley, green space development officer at the London Borough of Camden, told MPs if we had new ways of valuing the services parks provide for improving water quality, for example, then you could ask water companies to pay towards their upkeep.
The committee wants councils to publish strategic plans to recognise the real value of parks and to set out how they will be managed (possibly by a charitable trust, as Newcastle is looking into) to maximise their contribution to wider local authority goals such as promoting healthier lifestyles. It suggests the government’s obesity strategy could fund parks. It also suggests that it could be a legal requirement for councils to produce such strategies.
63. According to the text, parks are regarded as financial liabilities because ___________ .
A. the area of the park is gradually decreasing due to poor protection
B. the budget for the construction of the park is gradually decreasing
C. the value of the park is low by using a “natural capital” accounting approach
D. the traditional accountancy methods focus on a park’s saleable value
64. According to the text, which of the following is NOT the benefit of the park
A. Improving air and water quality.
B. Symbolizing the city civilization.
C. Cooling the urban environment.
D. Providing much-needed habitat for wildlife
65. Due to the reduction in budgets, what could probably happen
A. The government will take money out of the health budget.
B. The local authorities will centralize the management of the park.
C. Much-loved local parks will turn into dangerous eyesores.
D. The true value of the park will be widely measured or recognised.
66. What can be learned from the last two paragraphs
A. The committee has published strategic plans to recognise the real value of park.
B. It could be a legal requirement for councils to produce such strategies.
C. The local citizens should pay for the improving water quality.
D. The Labour government will spend 850m of lottery cash to revive the park.
Section C
Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.
A. Then I took them all off the shelf and started again.
B. I opened one of books and enjoyed the beautiful words about fairy.
C. This sky belongs in my book of fairy tales, I thought.
D. There were dark circles under my eyes； my hair was a tangled brown mess.
E. I put my book of fairy tales on the bedside table; it didn’t live with my other books.
F. At night, some animals wandered around the window, whispering about what they saw.
That night I couldn’t sleep.
I spent an hour or more sitting on the floor of my bedroom in my nightgown, unpacking my books from the traveling trunk and putting them on the bookshelf. I arranged them alphabetically： Louisa May Alcott, Frances Hodgson Burnett, Lewis Carroll, Charles Dickens… (67) _________. This time I use the spines to create a rainbow of color-blue, green, gray, black…
(68) _________ My brother, Robert, had given it to me for my twelfth birthday, very nearly a year ago. It was filled with the most beautiful pictures you could ever imagine-page after page of enchanted forests, underwater cities, and royal palaces. The longer you looked at those pictures, the more you would see—there were pictures within the pictures, worlds within worlds.
My new bedroom was at the back of the house overlooking the garden and the woods beyond. I opened the heavy curtains and stood at the dark window, but all could see was my own reflection looking back at me.
(69) _________ A year ago, Mama would have laughed and said, “You look like you’ve been dragged through a hedge by a runaway pony, Hen.’’ She would have pulled me toward her and gently brushed at the bird’s nest until my hair shone. She would have kissed me good night.
I blinked away the tears, and pulled the curtains together behind me to shut out the light.
The darkness beyond the window was vast and deep, nothing like the hazy gray of London at night. (70) _________ An evil queen’s black velvet cloak, embrotaerea with diamonds…
And then I saw the smoke.
It was drifting up in a thin wisp from the shadowy woods. As I squinted at it, I saw a tiny orange light flickering among the trees. A fire. Someone has lit a fire in our forest.
IV.Summary Writing
Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point( s)of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.
Global Cooperation
In the 21st century, we’ve seen a new trend that is pushing the boundaries (边界) of human invention and innovation — global cooperation. Scientific and technical research and development is now so complicated that no one scientist can know it all. So, increasingly, innovation is coming from the combining of cutting-edge expertise (专业知识) from different scientific fields.
There are now over 8,000 scientific journals worldwide and it is impossible to be an expert in all areas. Therefore, in this highly specialized world, scientists, medics and engineers have to cooperate in order to innovate. Professor Bob Langer at Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) has made significant breakthroughs in the field of biomedical engineering. But he hasn’t done it on his own. He has invited experts from around the world in different fields to form a global team to design new substances which can go inside the body, deliver medicines and then dissolve.
Also at MIT, when Cesar Harada heard about the oil spill in the Gulf of Mexico in 2010, he quit his dream job there and tried to develop a more efficient way to remove the oil. But rather than focusing on profit, he decided to ‘open-source’ the design. He shared his own ideas on the web for free and then got experts from all around the world to contribute ideas and even donations. Thanks to this free, not-for-profit way of sharing ideas and intellectual property on the internet, a boat capable of cleaning oil quickly came into being. Obviously, international cooperation based on sharing information freely has produced innovative approaches to solving problems.
It appears that the days of brilliant individuals working in their garages on their own are over. Global teams with a united purpose building on everyone’s expertise can collectively do far more than one brilliant individual. Today’s world calls for global cooperators, sharers, and not protectors of ideas.
71.__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
V.Translation (共15分。第1小题和第2小题,每题3分;第3题4分;第4题5分。)
Directions:Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets
72. 我们非常感激他们为保护上海方言所付出的努力。(appreciate)
73. 正如这本小册子介绍的那样，这里的司机都有礼让行人的习惯。(As)
74. 每周三，这些大学生都会雷打不动地去孤儿院做志愿者，教孩子们剪纸和编织。(a rule)
75. 这首歌在今年艺术节上首发时，因其旋律欢快，风格诙谐引起轰动，但只是昙花一现。(when)
VI.Guided Writing (共25分)
Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese
你是明启中学李华，看到电视台有报道说很多超市有大量临近保质期的食物，针对这些食物如何处理想征集观众意见，你很有感触遂写信给电台，表达想法，信件内容包含：
1）对如何处理这些临近保质期的食品提出建议；
2）提出这些建议的理由。
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2020年1月全国普通高等学校招生统一考试
上海 英语试卷
Listening Comprehension （第1-10题, 每题1分；第11-20题，每题1.5分；共25分）
Section A
Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.
1. A. A teacher. B. A doctor. C. A policeman. D. A boss.
2. A. Worried. B. Anxious. C. At ease. D. Excited.
3. A. He plays the violin very well. B. He was surprised by the woman’s skills.
C. He never knew the woman before. D. He will win the competition.
4. A. The ticket is still expensive. B. The ticket is very cheap.
C. He is jealous of the girl. D. He doesn’t want to buy the ticket.
5. A. They are talking about a song. B. They are talking about an opera.
C. They are talking about a film. D. They are talking about a novel.
6. A. She doesn’t like basketball.
B. She thinks there is no valuable player.
C. She doesn’t want to talk with the man.
D. She is disappointed with their basketball team.
7. A. She thinks the man disturbs her. B. The man is out of luck.
C. The only position was occupied yesterday. D. She wants the man called her yesterday.
8. A. They will have a date. B. They will go shopping together.
C. They will attend class in the school. D. They will play badminton together.
9. A. They have enough time to finish this work.
B. They are unlucky to do this big assignment.
C. He doesn’t think it’s a big assignment.
D. He will not start working on this task until next month.
10. A. On Monday. B. On Saturday. C. On Thursday. D. On Sunday.
Section B
Directions: In Section B, you will hear two passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of the passage and the conversation. The passages and the conversation will be read twice，but the question will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.
Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.
11. A. The pizzas become cold when they reach you.
B. The pizzas need a long time to deliver.
C. The pizzas need a long time to cook.
D. It takes too much manpower to make pizzas.
12. A. 10 minutes. B. 20 minutes. C. Half an hour. D. An hour.
13. A. Online shopping can stimulate consumption.
B. Working together with robots can improve our efficiency.
C. We should take the good use of the fragmented time.
D. The pizza house improved the speed of making pizzas.
Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.
14. A. Because the workforce is not well-trained.
B. Because supermarkets don’t have the space to add more checkout lines.
C. Because their security systems is never upgraded.
D. Because there are always many interruptions.
15. A. We should make sure that each customer has a checkout counters.
B. Another line is always moving faster than yours.
C. The chances of your line being the quickest is lower.
D. We are in bad luck if we choose the slowest line.
16. A. How can we choose the fastest line when we check out.
B. We can beat the system if given the chance
C. Queuing theory can provide an explanation to checkout at the store.
D. More complex problems are passed up to people with more training.
Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.
17. A. She will talk with George and help him out.
B. She will take George to consult a psychologist.
C. She will take George to play baseball.
D. She will help George to get the promotion.
18. A. He thinks George is good at cooking.
B. He thinks George will be fine.
C. He thinks George needs to consult a psychologist.
D. He think George is a sentimental man.
19. A. George just wanted to stay alone.
B. George’s favorite basketball team was lost in the game.
C. George was crossed in love recently.
D. George didn’t get the promotion he was promised.
20. A. Maggie loves Jack very much.
B. Maggie is George’s sister.
C. Maggie takes George and Jake like a family.
D. Maggie is not optimistic at all.
【答案】1—5 BCААА 6—10 DCDAB 11—15 ACВBC 16—20 CABDB
听力原文录音文字稿
I. Listening Comprehension
Section A
Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.
1. M: Good morning. Please have a seat here. What's the problem
W: I've taken the pills as you instructed, but I still keep sneezing.
Q: What is most probably the man
2. W: Jane was reported missing yesterday, but it turned out to be a false alarm.
M: Great! You can't imagine how worried I was yesterday.
Q: How is the man feeling now
3. W: I never fancy you playing the violin so wonderfully.
M: Thanks. This year's competition is just around the corner.
Q: What can we learn about the man
4. W: Don't you think the ticket is cheaper for this week's ballet show
M: Cheaper Maybe for you.
Q: What does the man mean
5. W: The rhythm is slow and weird. Who on earth wrote it
M: Hmm... I'm in the dark as much as you are.
Q: What are the speakers most probably talking about
6. M: What do you think of our most valuable player of this year
W: I don’t want to talk about our basketball team. Every time I thought we would win, I was discouraged.
Q: What does the woman mean
7. M: Is the position you mentioned last month still vacant
W: If only you had asked me yesterday! You always have bad timing.
Q: What does the woman imply
8. M: I’m taking a badminton class this afternoon. Do you want to go with me
W: Why not I need to do some exercise to lose weight.
Q: What are the speakers most probably going to do this afternoon
9. W: Wow, that’s a big assignment we’ve got for the project.
M: Wow, it’s not as bad as it looks. It isn’t due until next month.
Q: What does the man imply
10. W: Excuse me. Can you tell me how to get to the nearest Bank of China
M: It’s over there, but it’s open on weekdays only. You’d better go the day after tomorrow.
Q: On what day does the conversation most probably take place
Section B
Directions: In Section B, you will hear two passages and one longer conversation, after each passage or conversation, you will be asked several questions, the passage and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.
Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following talk.
When you order a pizza online, it goes through quite a journey before arriving at your door, from kitchen oven to warming counter to the backseat of a car. That is why it can be only slightly warm by the time you take your first bite. A pizza house in new York has fixed that. Its secret weapons are robots. After a customer places an order online, the request comes into its central kitchen at its headquarters. There, robots and a few humans staff start preparing the pizza. Each robot has a name and a duty, like spraying the source, or putting the pizzas into the oven. Each pizza is baked first for 90 seconds in an 800 degree oven. Then, the half baked pizza is loaded into one of the mobile ovens in the truck. Another robot takes over the task of loading and reloading the pizza into the truck’s oven. When the truck is four minutes away from its destination, the oven containing the order will turn on to finish cooking the pizza. Thanks to the assistance of robots, delivery orders take an average of 20 minutes, 10 minutes less than before. The pizzas are hot when they reach you.
Questions:
11. What problem has the pizza house in New York solved
12. On average how long did it take the pizza house to deliver an order in the past
13. What can we learn about the pizza house
Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following talk.
The next time you end up on the slowest moving queue at the supermarket, don’t blame your bad luck anymore.
According to queuing theorists, mathematicians who predict queue lengths and waiting times, you are not alone in such an unpleasant situation. Queuing theory explains why there’s probably no way you can always be in the fastest line. The explanation goes something like this. A supermarket tries to have enough checkout counters open to get all their customers through with minimum delay. Despite the well-trained workforce and ever upgrading security systems, there are always going to be busy periods. Because supermarkets don’t have the physical space to add more checkout lines during these busier times, their system becomes overloaded. One small interruption, such as a price check or a chatty customer, results in a chain of reactions to affect the entire line behind them. If there are three lines at a store, these delays will happen randomly at different checkout counters. The chances of your line being the quickest are only one in three, so you are not just imagining it. Another line probably is moving faster than yours.
Questions:
14. According to the passage, why are there long queues in supermarkets during busy hours
15. What does queuing theory try to tell us
16. What is the passage mainly about
Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.
W: Jake, I want to talk to you about our little brother, George.
M: What's the matter with him
W: I’m worried about him. We must do something. He's been in low spirits for weeks.
M: Come on, Maggie. You know George. He's changeable like the weather. He could be laughing next week.
W: Jake, he's our brother. And we are supposed to be there for him, aren't we
M: Yes, but you know how independent he is. We can't help him if he doesn't want it, can we
W: Well, I feel guilty. He is family after all. We mustn't ignore problems in the family or they will just get bigger.
M: Do you want me to encourage him to consult a psychologist
W: No, you don't have to do that. But he should talk about things with people that he knows.
M: Yes, he should. He keeps all things inside.
W: Exactly! Just talking will help him so much.
M: He's very unhappy about not getting the promotion he was promised.
W: Of course. We should get George to know every cloud has a silver lining.
M: You think
W: Well, he can't get any better chance in his terrible apartment, can he Watching baseball 24 hours a day
M: Basketball.
W: Please, Jake. I hate to see George like that. Do something next week. You must get him out of that apartment. Get him doing something new.
M: I'll do it. I hope you'll help me like if the same thing happens to me.
W:You bet! We are family.
Questions:
17. What is Maggie trying to do
18. What does Jake think of George
19. What happened to George
20. What can be concluded about Maggie from the conversation
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2020年1月全国普通高等学校招生统一考试
上海 英语试卷
Listening Comprehension （第1-10题, 每题1分；第11-20题，每题1.5分；共25分）
Grammar and Vocabulary （每题1分；共20分）
Section A
Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
The Ball Game of Mesoamerica
The sport known simply as the Ball Game was popular across Mesoamerica and played by all the major civilizations from the Olmecs to the Aztecs. The impressive stone courts became a staple feature of a city’s sacred complex and there were often several playing courts in a single city. (21)_________ it is more than just a game, the event could have a religious significance and featured in episodes of Mesoamerican mythology. The contests even supplied candidates for human sacrifice, for the sport could, quite literally, be a game of life or death.
The game (22) _________ (invent) sometime in the Preclassical Period (2500—100 BCE), probably by the Olmec, and became a common Mesoamerican-wide feature of the urban landscape by the Classical Period (300—900 CE). Eventually, the game was even exported to other cultures in North America and the Caribbean.
In Mesoamerican mythology the game is an important element in the story of the Maya gods Hun Hunahpú and Vucub Hunahpú. The pair annoyed the gods of the underworld with their noisy playing and the two brothers were tricked into descending into Xibalba (the underworld) _________ (23) they were challenged to a ball game. (24) _________ (lose) the game, Hun Hunahpús had his head cut off; a foretaste of (25) _________ would become common practice for players unfortunate enough to lose a game.
In (26) _________ legend, a famous ball game was held at the Aztec capital of Tenochtitlan (27) _________ the Aztec king Motecuhzoma Xocoyotzin (r. 1502—1520 CE) and the king of Texcoco. The latter (28)_________ (predict) that Motecuhzoma’s kingdom would fall and the game was set-up (29 ) _________ ( establish) the truth of this bold prediction. Motecuhzoma lost the game and did, of course, lose his kingdom at the hands of the invaders from the Old World. The story also supports the idea (30) _________ the ball game was sometimes used for the purposes of divination.
【答案】
21. Although/ Though/ While 22. was invented 23. where 24. Losing 25. what
26. another 27. between 28. had predicted 29. to establish 30. that
详解如下：
21. while /though/although
【解析】考查状语从句。本空引导状语从句the event is more than just a game，主句为it could have a religious significance and featured in episodes of Mesoamerican mythology，前后为让步关系。句意：虽然这不仅仅只是一场游戏，它可能具有宗教意义，并成为中美洲神话故事的特色。
22. was invented
【解析】考查过去时的被动语态。The game指the Ball Game是过去被发明出来的，故用was invented。
23. where
【解析】考查定语从句。空前为主句the two brothers were tricked into... Xibalba (the underworld)，空后为定语从句they were challenged to a ball game修饰地点名词Xibalba，所以此处用关系副词where 代替in Xibalba 在从句中作状语。
24. Losing
【解析】考查非谓语—现在分词。本句主语是Hun Hunahpús，谓语是had his head...off，lose the game与逻辑主语Hun Hunahpús是主动关系，所以用现在分词，losing the game作伴随状语。
25. what
【解析】考查名词从句。本空后would become common practice for players unfortunate enough to lose a game从句缺主语，且本空在of后面，本空因此引导名词性从句，名词性从句缺主语，主语指事物的用what。
26. another
【解析】考查限定词。空后legend为可数名词单数，前面必须有修饰词；且上文已经提到了一则神话，本段内容为另一则神话，不确定数目的“另一个”用another。
27. between
【解析】考查介词。结合下文可知a famous ball game比赛是在the Aztec 国王和Texcoco的国王之间进行的，两者之间用between。
28. had predicted
【解析】考查时态语态—过去完成时。根据本空后that连接的从句，可知predict引导宾语从句，从句表述了预测的内容...kingdom would fall..., 从句为过去时，预测的动作必然发生在过去的过去，因此要用过去完成，故用had predicted。
29. to establish
【解析】考查非谓语—动词不定式。根据上下文可知，本空前文说特克可国王曾预言Motecuhzoma的王国将会灭亡，而组织这次比赛就是为了证实这一大胆预言的真实性，此处不定式表示组织比赛的目的。
30. that
【解析】考查名词性从句——同位语从句。空前The story also supports the idea，空后the ball game was sometimes used for the purposes of divination刚好是idea的内容，符合同位语从句的特征，故用同位语从句连接词that。句意：这个故事也支持了球类比赛有时被用于占卜的观点。
Section B
Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.
A. focused B. collaborating C. assumed D. occupations
E. frustrations F. widespread G. necessarily H. extension
I. experiences J. mistakes K. crucially
Burnout in the Hospital：Why Doctors Are Set Up for Stress
Some experts call physician bum out “inevitable”, given the high-pressure environment in which they must make potentially life-saving, and almost always life-altering, choices on a constant basis. Research shows that up to 40% of U. S. doctors experience emotional, physical, and psychological burnout from their jobs, and the consequences are no different for them than they are for people in other (31) _________ — substance abuse and cutting comers.
In the premiere issue of the journal Burnout Research, which is devoted to research on the topic, Anthony Montgomery, an associate professor in the Psychology of Work and Organizations in the University of Macedonia in Greece, (32) _________ on physician burnout, and argues that the way doctors are trained may set them up for a career of (33)_________ and high-stress situations. And the consequences may be hurting the care they provide patients.
He says that while doctors interact with people on a daily basis, their training and their worth as physicians are focused almost entirely on their technical capabilities, leaving them with few tools for understanding and navigating social interactions and for (34) _________ as part of a larger team or organization.
Montgomery argues that most medical students are chosen because of their high-test scores, so medical school becomes like a(n) (35) _________ of school. They then become residents, thrown into a more social environment in which they are expected to interact with patients, hospital staff and colleagues in ways they may not have expected to or been prepared to do. It’s (36) _________ they have the leadership skills and the proper emotional capacity to guide patients through extremely stressful and often traumatic (37) _________, but not having the tools to manage these situations can be stressful on the doctors themselves. While burnout among physicians is (38) _________, some studies have shown surgeons and OBGYNs can be at a particularly high risk.
“The irony is that doctors are the one group of people we don’t want to be stressed, yet we are increasing the possibility for them to make (39) _________,” says Montgomery. “Doctors understand that their job is to be the best doctor they can, but they do not (40)_________ understand their part in helping the hospital as a whole better serve the community.” In his practice, for example, Montgomery says that his colleagues admitted to learning skills like communication and teamwork on the job, after they left medical school.
【答案】31—40 DAEBHCIFJG
详解如下：
31. D【句意】研究表明，多达40%的美国医生都经历过工作带来的情绪、身体和心理上的疲劳，其后果对他们来说与从事其他职业的人没有什么不同——滥用药物和偷工减料。
【解析】本空所在位置，in 为介词，other为形容词修饰名词，因此本空填名词。根据句意可知，医生这种职业跟其他职业相比，工作疲劳带来的后果没什么不同，故选occupations（职业）。
A 【句意】希腊马其顿大学(University of Macedonia)工作与组织心理学副教授安东尼 蒙哥马利(Anthony Montgomery) ,主要研究医生的职业疲劳。
【解析】本句中第2个和第3个逗号之间为插入成分介绍了Montgomery教授的职业和职位；本句第3个和第4个逗号之间同样为插入成分说明Montgomery教授的研究方向就是工作疲劳，结合空后介词on，可知本空用focused。focus on sth主攻某领域；专注于某事；对焦于某物。
E 【句意】安东尼 蒙哥马利认为，医生的培训方式可能会使他们的职业生涯充满挫折和高压力。其结果可能会损害他们为病人提供的护理。
【解析】本空在the career of 后面需要填名词，而且空后并列连词and后为high-stress，因此推测本空为同类名词，故选frustrations。frustration沮丧；懊恼；令人沮丧的事物。
34. B 【句意】他说，虽然医生每天都与人互动，但他们的培训和作为医生的价值几乎完全集中在他们的技术能力上，使得他们很少有工具来理解并恰当地参与社会互动（交往），以及作为更大的团队或组织的一部分进行合作。
【解析】根据空前后social interactions与as part of a larger team or organization可知，本空词义为“合作”“参与”等近义词。介词for后面接名词或者动名词，所以用合作collaborating。
H 【句意】蒙哥马利认为，大多数医学院学生被选中是因为他们考试成绩高，所以医学院就像是学校的延伸。
【解析】根据空前后students are chosen because of their high-test scores与so medical school becomes like... school可知，医学院择高分者录取，又因为of前面需要名词，因此医学院就像是学校的一种延伸extension。
C 【句意】假设他们有领导技能和适当的情感能力来引导病人度过极度紧张、往往很惨痛经的经历，但没有工具来管理这些情况可能会给医生自己带来压力。
【解析】根据本空后面是完整的句子，空前是 it is可知，本空为可接从句的过去分词，结合句意选assumed（假设），在正式英语中，常用it is assumed that 表示假定某事属实。
I 【句意】假设他们有领导技能和适当的情感能力来引导病人度过极度紧张、往往很惨痛的经历，但没有工具来管理这些情况可能会给医生自己带来压力。
【解析】本空单词在often后面且修饰experiences，所以应该是形容词，又因为and前面是extremely stressful，所以应该是extremely stressful的同类词，故用traumatic（痛苦的；极不愉快的）。
F 【句意】虽然职业疲劳在内科医生中很普遍，但一些研究表明外科医生和妇产科医生的患病风险也可能会特别高。
【解析】根据上下文，空后提到了职业疲劳在外科医生和妇产科医生中的风险也可能会特别高，While表对比，所以本空所在分句，要说明职业疲劳在内科医生中的发生率或风险高，is后面要加形容词，所以用widespread（普遍的）。
J 【句意】蒙哥马利说:“具有讽刺意味的是，医生是我们不希望受到压力的一类人，但我们却增加了他们犯错的可能性。”
【解析】根据上下文，空前doctors are the one group of people we don’t want to be stressed, yet we are increasing the possibility for them to...可知，我们不想给医生增加压力（因为常识告诉我们重压之下容易出错），但是我们缺无形中增加了医生犯错误几率，此处指职业疲劳增加了医生犯错的几率，空前有make所以选mistakes。make mistake 犯错。
G 【句意】医生明白，他们的工作是尽其所能成为最好的医生，但他们不一定明白自己在帮助整个医院更好地为社会服务方面所起的作用。
【解析】根据上下文，but前面说医生能够理解哪些内容，but前后对比，本空所在句应该说医生不理解哪些内容，故选necessarily，do not necessarily understand不一定理解。
Reading Comprehension
Section A
Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A. B.C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context
“Clean eating” is a phrase thrown around a lot in the health-and-wellness scene. I use it all the time. I (41) _________ it because there’s no formal definition, and it’s not a one-size-fits-all plan. Let’s face it: There isn’t one perfect plan that will work for everyone, (42) _________ or behaviorally. Our bodies work differently from one another. Some physiologically need more fat, some need more carbs, and all need different mixes of vitamins and minerals.
Behaviorally, there isn’t one plan that fits everyone’s (43) _________, either. Some of us (44) _________ daily, while some of us can’t make toast. For some, food is often out of their control, and they (45) _________ hotels, airports and restaurants, while others raise, grow and cook their own food. We also have different (46) _________. Some have had a health scare or are feeling low-energy and sluggish, and are curious about whether food could make them feel better; some are concerned about the environment and ecology, and the impact of how foods are grown and sold; some have yet other (47) _________.
These (48) _________ are important, because your version of clean will depend on your values and goals. Forcing yourself or someone else into an eating plan is (49) _________ a foundation for success. Instead, understanding why you are doing what you are doing will help you make choices you can stick with and make you feel better about how you eat.
When I think of eating clean, what comes to mind is knowing exactly what I’m putting into my body and making mindful decisions that are (50) _________ my values. You have seen people who ask several questions before ordering at a restaurant or making a choice at a grocery store. While it can be entertaining (or frustrating) to watch, being curious about what’s in your food is fair game and, I would argue, important. We live in a world where we must ask questions because we can’t (51) _________ that we’re eating whole foods. I don’t necessarily need to meet the farmer growing my spuds, but when I eat mashed potatoes, I want to be sure they are, well, actual (52) _________. I don’t think that’s too much to ask.
The best first step toward clean eating is knowing what’s on your (53) _________. Everything on it! We are trained to look at calories and grams on food labels, but I (54) _________ you to look at ingredients first. Do you understand what is in the food you are about to eat Are you okay with eating those ingredients Not all food products are the same. Take a moment and compare products based to on ingredients, (55)_________ solely calories, to decide whether they’re what you want.
41. A. change B. favor C. charge D. alter
42. A. accidentally B. deliberately C. physiologically D. crucially
43. A. lifestyle B. handwork C. willpower D. income
44. A. cook B. buy C. sell D. handle
45. A. center in B. go on C. catch in D. rely on
46. A. ambitions B. compliments C. motivations D. procedures
47. A. challenges B. concerns C. benefits D. damages
48. A. scales B. declines C. ranges D. distinctions
49. A. rarely B. really C. mostly D. largely
50. A. in search of B. in honor of C. in line with D. with respect to
51. A. maintain B. deny C. guarantee D. separate
52. A. potatoes B. tomatoes C. heroes D. zeroes
53. A. desk B. plate C. pot D. handle
54. A. persuade B. encourage C. provide D. convince
55. A. apart from B. more than C. less than D. rather than
原文出处：
https://www./lifestyle/wellness/clean-eating-is-a-fuzzy-term--and-thats-why-it-works/2017/01/09/f37c67ce-cd2b-11e6-b8a2-8c2a61b0436f_story.html
‘Clean eating’ is a fuzzy term — and that’s why it works
By Jae Berman
January 10, 2017
“Clean eating” is a phrase thrown around a lot in the health-and-wellness scene. I use it all the time. I like it because there’s no formal definition, and it’s not a one-size- ts-all plan. Let’s face it: There isn’t one perfect plan that will work for everyone, physiologically or behaviorally. Our bodies work differently from one another. Some physiologically need more fat, some need more carbs, and all need different mixes of vitamins and minerals.
Behaviorally, there isn’t one plan that ts everyone’s lifestyle, either. Some of us cook daily, while some of us can’t make toast. For some, food is often out of their control, and they rely on hotels, airports and restaurants, while others raise, grow and cook their own food. We also have different motivations. Some have had a health scare or are feeling low-energy and sluggish, and are curious about whether food could make them feel better; some are concerned about the environment and ecology, and the impact of how foods are grown and sold; some have yet other concerns.
These distinctions are important, because your version of clean will depend on your values and goals. Forcing yourself or someone else into an eating plan is rarely a foundation for success. Instead, understanding why you are doing what you are doing will help you make choices you can stick with and make you feel better about how you eat.
When I think of eating clean, what comes to mind is knowing exactly what I’m putting into my body and making mindful decisions that are in line with my values. You have seen people who ask several questions before ordering at a restaurant or making a choice at a grocery store. While it can be entertaining (or frustrating) to watch, being curious about what’s in your food is fair game and, I would argue, important. We live in a world where we must ask questions because we can’t guarantee that we’re eating whole foods. I don’t necessarily need to meet the farmer growing my spuds, but when I eat mashed potatoes, I want to be sure they are, well, actual potatoes. I don’t think that’s too much to ask.
What is in your food
The best first step toward clean eating is knowing what’s on your plate. Everything on it! We are trained to look at calories and grams on food labels, but I encourage you to look at ingredients first. Do you understand what is in the food you are about to eat Are you okay with eating those ingredients Not all food products are the same. Take a moment and compare products based on ingredients, rather than solely calories, to decide whether they’re what you want.
【答案】41-55BCAAD CBDAC CABBD
详解如下：
41. B 【解析】根据空前I use it all the time可知“我”favor（青睐、更喜爱）用clean eating这个说法。
42. C 【解析】根据空后两句Our bodies work differently from one another与 Some physiologically need more fat…可知，此处是从生理角度来说明每个人的饮食方案不同的。
【段意】“clean eating”是一个健康保健情景的常用词。我一直在使用它。青睐它是因为对“clean eating”没有一个正规的定义，也没有一条万用的clean eating方案。就让我们来看看它吧：不论生理上还是行为上，一则适用于每个人的完美方案是不存在的。每个人身体的运作方式不同。有些人生理上需要多些脂肪，有些人需要更多的碳水化合物，所有人都需要不同的复合维生素和矿物质。
43. A 【解析】根据后文make toast、hotel、restaurant和grow and cook their own food可知，后文举例说明人们因生活方式(lifestyle)不同所以饮食方案不同的。
44. A 【解析】根据空后while some of us can’t make toast可知，while此处为对比连词，所以本空为cook daily（每天做饭），刚好与can’t make toast(不会烤面包片)相对应。
45. D 【解析】根据空后while others raise, grow and cook their own food可知，而另一些人饲养、种植并且烹饪自己的食物，而（while）在旅店、机场和餐馆的旅人就要依靠（rely on）旅店、机场和餐馆里的食物了。因此空前说这类人的食物是often out of their control（不能自己操控的）。
【段意】从活动习性上看，也没有一条万用方案适用于所有人的生活方式。我们有些人每天做饭，而有些连烤个面包片都不会。对某些人来说，食物是不可控的，依赖于旅店、机场和餐馆，而另一些人饲养、种植并且烹饪自己的食物。
46. C 【解析】根据空后Some have had a health scare or are feeling low-energy and sluggish, and are curious about whether food could make them feel better; some are concerned about the environment and ecology, and the impact of how foods are grown and sold可知，有些人有健康危机或者正感到懒散、能量不足，好奇食物是否会让他们感觉好些；有些人担心环境和生态，以及食物的种植和销售方式的带来影响,此处是从不同动机（motivation）来说明每个人的饮食选择不同的。
47. B 【解析】根据本句的三个some和两个分号，可以看出此处是举例说明中并列的第三项，有些人好奇……有些人担心……，有些人有些其他的顾虑（some have yet other concerns）。
【段意】我们也会有不同的动机。有些人有健康危机或者正感到懒散、能量不足，好奇食物是否会让他们感觉好些；有些人担心环境、生态以及食物的种植和销售方式的带来影响；有些人还有些其他的顾虑。
48. D 【解析】根据前文内容可知，之所以没有一通用的clean eating的饮食方案是因为，人们生理、生活习性、饮食动机各不相同。本句承接上文并且说明了这些不同的（distinctions）是取决于是价值观和目标because your version of clean will depend on your values and goals。
49. A 【解析】根据空后Instead（相反） …will help you make choices you can stick with and make you feel better可知，Instead之后是有益行为，所以Instead前面应该是不利行为，所以选否定词rarely，rarely a foundation for success几乎不会成功。
【段意】这些不同是重要的，因为你这个版本的clean取决于你的价值观和目标。强迫自己或者他人按照饮食计划行事几乎不会成功。相反，理解你的行为动机会将帮你做出能坚持下去的选择，使你对自己的饮食方式感觉好些。
50. C 【解析】根据本句句意和上一段because your version of clean will depend on your values and goals可知，当“我”想到eating clean的时候，首先想到的是要确切地知道吃的是什么，并且做出符合（in line with）价值观的谨慎决定。
51. C 【解析】根据上下文可知，ask questions 是为了确保（guarantee）我们吃的食物是whole food(全食物)。后句又进行了举例说明。
52. A 【解析】根据上下文可知，“我”认为知道自己吃的什么很重要I would argue, important...We live in a world where we must ask questions，因此，当“我”吃土豆泥的时候，要确保吃的是真的土豆（actual potatoes）。
【段意】当我想到eating clean的时候，首先想到的是要确切地知道我把什么放到了身体里(吃的是什么)，然后做出符合价值观的谨慎决定。你已经见过人们在订餐厅或者在食品店做决定前会问若干问题。尽管观察食物、想知道食物里有什么会被调侃、抨击，而我认为，这很重要。我们生活在一个不得不问的世界因为我们不能保证自己吃的是全食（whole food）。我不必与为我种土豆的农民见面，但是吃土豆泥的时候，我还是想确认我吃的真的是土豆。我认为这么问不过分。
53. B 【解析】根据上下文和句意，要知道自己吃的是什么，也就是盘中餐有的什么what is one your plate(盘子)。
54. B【解析】根据下文Are you okay with eating those ingredients和Take a moment and compare products based on ingredients... to decide whether they’re what you want可知，“我”建议读者要重视食品成分表，而不仅是卡路里和克数，因此本空用encourage（鼓励）。
55. D 【解析】根据上文We are trained to look at calories and grams on food labels, but I...和本句Take a moment and compare products based on ingredients...to decide whether they’re what you want可知“我”建议读者要重视食品成分表，而不仅是（rather than）卡路里。rather than solely calories 为插入成分，用两个逗号分开，补充说明compare products based on ingredients。
【段意】做到clean eating的第一步就是知道你的盘中餐有什么。它的一切。我们被训练去看食物标签上的卡路里和克数，而我鼓励你先看看配料。你能理解你要吃的食物里有什么吗？你这这些配料有问题吗？不是所有的食品都一样。花点儿时间按照配料比较这些食品，再决定它们是否是你想要的。
Section B
Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.
(A)
(A)
When I was in high school, I wanted to attend an Ivy League university on the East Coast. I had the grades and SAT scores to get into Harvard but my father refused to pay even though tuition back then was much more affordable than it is today, well within the means of our family. I went to UCLA instead, a good university but not an Ivy. I worked at least 20 hours per week throughout my four years and have always felt that I missed out on a lot of college. I feel that I didn’t have enough time to devote to my studies. One of my biggest regrets is not having had the kind of immersion experience that my oldest son enjoyed. I envy him, but it’s not a bitter feeling. It doesn’t make me lose sight of my own accomplishments and the very real goodness in my life so far.
I believe my own father envied me, too. Early in high school, he had to drop out and help support his family during the Depression. Although he never said as much, I know he wished he could have finished high school and gone on to higher education. I was the only one of his children to do so. When I earned my doctorate and built a life as a professional, he felt a mixture of pride, vicarious fulfillment and envy.
I graduated first in my high school class. Years later, I learned that for months after, Dad had carried the little slip announcing my class rank in his pocket, showing it to friends and business associates. He was obviously proud, though he never told me so. It strikes me as a narcissistic sort of pride, about him rather than me. Many of you will relate to this experience. In your comments to my posts, you’ve told me about parents who exploited you for narcissistic gain. I don’t think my father was a bad man, or that his experience of pride was particularly unusual. Don’t most parents like to brag about their child’s success because it reflects well upon them When I speak of my sons’ lives, I feel pride in them as well as myself.
Envy gets a bad rap but there’s nothing unusual about it. Envy, as I’ve said before, can teach you what you want. Problems only arise when it links up with shame, as I’ve written about before. When the success/beauty/youth enjoyed by someone else makes us feel like a loser in comparison, our envy may become poisonous. In the illogical unconscious, we may feel as if it is precisely because the other person has the trait or thing we want that we cannot have it. We may feel that the only possible relief would be to destroy the object of our envy.
56. According to the text, the author envies his son because ________.
A. his son possesses the precious years of youth
B. his son has a perfect and impressive childhood
C. his son gets into Harvard successfully
D. his son has the immersion experience on his study
57. It can be learned that most parents are proud of their children because ________.
A. they want to exploit their children for narcissistic gain
B. they regard the success as their own and also feel pride in themselves
C. they like to brag about their child’s success
D. they want to catch their friends’ attention
58. Which of the following is TRUE of this passage
A. The author studied in an Ivy League university on the East Coast.
B. The author’s son completed author’s unfinished studies.
C. Problems only arise when envy links up with shame.
D. The author’s father didn’t care about his study and dropped out.
59. What is the author’s attitude toward envy
A. Negative. B. Positive. C. Skeptical. D. Indifferent.
【答案】56 —59 DBCB
56.解析: 答案选 D，根据第一段中“I worked at least 20 hours per week throughout my four years and have always felt that I missed out on a lot of college. I feel that I didn't have enough time to devote to my studies. One of my biggest regrets is not having had the kind of immersion experience that my oldest son enjoyed.”"在我的年大学时光里，我每周至少工作 20 个小时，我总觉得错过了很多大学。我觉得我没有足够的时间专心学习。我最大的遗憾之一就是没有享受到我大儿子享受到的那种沉浸式体验。故选 D。
57.解析:答案选 B。根据文中 Don't most parents like to brag about their child’ success because it reflects well upon them When I speak of my sons’ lives, I feel pride in them as well as myself.大多数父母喜欢吹嘘自己孩子的成功不就是因为这也让他们自己感到自己很不错吗 当我谈到我儿子的生活时，我为他们感到野傲，也为自己感到骄傲。可知 B 正确。A、C、D 选项他们想要利用自己的孩子获得自恋的好处、他们想要吹嘘自己的孩子以及他们想要引起朋友的关注，是移子的角度的片面想法，不是父母为他们的孩子感到骄傲的真正的原因。
58.解析:答案选 C。根据文中“ Problems only arise when it links up with shame, as I've written about before.”问题只会在它和羞耻感联系起来时出现，就像我以前写过的那样。故 C 正确。A 选项作者最后没有去常春上学:B 选项作者自己完成了学业;D 选项作者的父亲辍学是因为经济上的原因不是因为不在意学习; 故排除A、B、D选项。
59.解析: 答案选 B。根据文中讲的自己的例子以及最后一段中“Envy gets a bad rap but there's nothing unusual about it,”嫉妒是个坏名声，但也没什么不寻常的。以及“Problems only arise when it links up with shame, as I've written about before.问题只会在它和羞耻感联系起来时出现，就像我以前写过的那样。可知，作者对待嫉妒的态度的是积极的，我们需要正确的对待嫉妒。
(B)
Top Apps For Climate Activists
The world population is at 7 billion and it’s predicted that by the end of this year there will be one smartphone for every five people in the world. That’s a lot of phones and a lot of information literally at our fingertips.
Information is constantly changing and those of us working hard to protect the environment for ourselves and future generations need to have access to up-to-date material. Being a climate change activist can be time consuming. But…There’s an app (or ten) for that! The number of apps out there is staggering.
With these apps you’ll be amazed at how easy it is to stay in the know when it comes to your health, and the health of the environment.
Carbon Emissions Calculator for Air Travel (iOS-Free) This app allows passengers to estimate the carbon emissions attributed to their air travel. It is simple to use-just select your origin and destination airports, specify the class of travel and number of passengers. View the carbon footprint and the distance traveled for your trip.
Fooducate ( iOS and Android- $ 4. 99 ) This app empowers food shoppers everywhere to make healthy, informed decisions while at the supermarket. Scan your food and Fooducate generates a letter grade ( A, B, C, or D) for each product scanned, along with brief explanations and warnings about its nutrients and ingredients. There is also an option to enter the bar code manually. The app will recommend minimally processed, real foods which are naturally rich in nutrients and antioxidants.
Locavore (iOS and Android-Free) If you’re looking for the closest farmers market selling your favorite in season produce, then Locavore is the app for you. Locavore is a great app for those searching for local, in season, organic foods in your area. The app has one-click access to thousands of healthy, seasonal recipes and other information that can be shared with your friends and family. I like how the app not only lets you know which fruits and veggies are in season-it also lets you know how long they’ll be in season.
Zimride (iOS and Android-Free) Ridesharing apps are all the rage. Zimride is a new spin on ridesharing, using social networks to enable real connections. Once you set up a profile you are able to book a ride in your area, or post a ride of your own. Drivers can charge for rides and Zimride doesn’t take a cut. Rides seem to be reasonably priced and since profiles are linked with Facebook it’s easy to check out your potential ride companions.
60. According to this text, the author recommends APPs because ___________.
A. those APPs could help people gain the up-to-date material
B. those APPs could forecast the changing climate accurately
C. those APPs could help people who have a fast-paced lifestyle
D. those APPs are free for those people who have a designated phone
61. If you want to find in season foods, which Apps should you download
A. Zimride B. Fooducate C. Locavore D. Findfood
62. Which of the following is true about the APPs mentioned in this passage
A. Carbon Emissions Calculator for Air Travel could calculate the accurate carbon emissions of passengers.
B. Locavore can not only tell us which fruits and meat are in season, it also tell us how long they’ll be in season.
C. Zimride will charge for rides and then take a cut and the rest is belong to drivers.
D. Fooducate will recommend minimally processed foods which are naturally rich in nutrients and antioxidants.
【答案】 60—62 ACD
60.解析:答案选A。根据文中“Information is constantly changing and those of us working hard to protect the environment for ourselves and future generations need to have access to up-to-date material.”信息是不断变化的，那些为了保护我们的环境和后代的人们需要有渠道去接触最近的资料。所以 A 正确。
6l.解析: 答案选 C，根据文中关于 Locavore 的介绍中提到“Locavore is a great app for those searching for local, in season, organic foods in your area. "Locavore 是个在你所在的地区寻找那些当地的当季的有机食物方面很出色的应用软件。故选C。
解析:答案选 D。根据文中介绍第二个应用程序的段落可知“The app will recommend minimally processed, real foods which are naturally rich in nutrients and antioxidants.”该应用程序将推荐加工最少的，富含天然营养和抗氧化剂的真正的食物。故 D正确。A选项中Carbon Emissions Calculator for Air Travel 这个APP不能计算出准确的碳排放。B 选项中 Locavore 介绍中没有提到它推荐时令肉类C 选项中 Zimride 不收取平台费用，司机可以直接向客户收费。故排除 A、B、C选项。
(C)
Our green spaces are shrinking, despite all the benefits they give us. If we want to save them, we need to value the ecosystem and health and wellbeing services they offer
Parks are a huge asset, and we need to value them for the 21st century
Alison Benjamin
Sheffield city council’s balance sheet shows its parks as a 16m liability. Traditional accountancy methods focus on a park’s saleable value, or its operational costs associated with maintenance. So England’s 27,000 parks are considered as financial liabilities rather than the amazing asset to our health and wellbeing that any of their 37 million regular users could vouch for. They also deliver a range of ecosystem services such as improved air and water quality, flood risk mitigation by absorbing water run-off, and cooling the urban environment as well as providing much-needed habitat for wildlife. By using a “natural capital” accounting approach that puts a value on all these social, environmental and economic contributions, Sheffield discovered that for every 1 spent on its parks, they generate 34 of benefits.
Yet this true value is not widely measured or recognised. As Ian Walmsley, Stockport council’s green space manager told the Communities and Local Government select committee parks inquiry, “an argument has never been successfully made that if you spend x on a park, there will be a saving in the health budget and therefore you should take money out of the health budget and put it into parks”. As a result, the MPs inquiry report published last week warned that parks are at a tipping point of decline, ravaged by a 92% reduction in their budgets since 2010-11 because of local authority cuts. Less money means fewer park rangers, less maintenance, more litter, dog poo and antisocial behaviour, including gang and drug-related activities, and gradually much-loved local parks turn into dangerous eyesores. Tragically it’s the small, green spaces in poorer, built-up areas that suffer disproportionate cuts to park rangers and maintenance. We have been here before. Uncared-for, litter-strewn parks were emblematic of Thatcher’s Britain before an injection of public spending by a Labour government and 850m of lottery cash revived them.
But it doesn’t have to be this way. Andrew Hinchley, green space development officer at the London Borough of Camden, told MPs if we had new ways of valuing the services parks provide for improving water quality, for example, then you could ask water companies to pay towards their upkeep.
The committee wants councils to publish strategic plans to recognise the real value of parks and to set out how they will be managed (possibly by a charitable trust, as Newcastle is looking into) to maximise their contribution to wider local authority goals such as promoting healthier lifestyles. It suggests the government’s obesity strategy could fund parks. It also suggests that it could be a legal requirement for councils to produce such strategies.
选自【卫报】：https://www.theguardian.com/society/2017/feb/14/parks-being-lost-need-value-recognised
63. According to the text, parks are regarded as financial liabilities because ___________ .
A. the area of the park is gradually decreasing due to poor protection
B. the budget for the construction of the park is gradually decreasing
C. the value of the park is low by using a “natural capital” accounting approach
D. the traditional accountancy methods focus on a park’s saleable value
64. According to the text, which of the following is NOT the benefit of the park
A. Improving air and water quality.
B. Symbolizing the city civilization.
C. Cooling the urban environment.
D. Providing much-needed habitat for wildlife
65. Due to the reduction in budgets, what could probably happen
A. The government will take money out of the health budget.
B. The local authorities will centralize the management of the park.
C. Much-loved local parks will turn into dangerous eyesores.
D. The true value of the park will be widely measured or recognised.
66. What can be learned from the last two paragraphs
A. The committee has published strategic plans to recognise the real value of park.
B. It could be a legal requirement for councils to produce such strategies.
C. The local citizens should pay for the improving water quality.
D. The Labour government will spend 850m of lottery cash to revive the park.
【答案】 63—66 DBCB
63.解析:答案选 D。根据文中“Traditional accountancy methods focus on a park’ saleable value, or its operational costs associated with maintenance.”传统的会计方法侧重于公园的可销售价值，或与维护相关的运营成本。
64.解析:答案选 B。根据文中“They also deliver a range of ecosystem services such is improved air and water quality, flood risk mitigation by absorbing water run-off, and cooling the urban environment as well as providing much-needed habitat for wildlife.”它们还提供了一系列生态系统服务，如改善空气和水质，通过吸收径流来缓解洪水风险，冷却城市环境，以及为野生动物提供急需的栖息地。可知 B先项在文中没有提到。
65.解析:答案选 C。根据文中“ Less money means fewer park rangers, less maintenance, more litter, dog poo and antisocial behaviour, including gang and drug-related activities, and gradually much-loved local parks turn into dangerous eyesores.”更少的钱意味着更少的公园管理员，更少的维护，更多的垃圾，狗屎和反社会行为，包括帮派和毒品相关的活动，逐渐地，备受喜爱的当地公园变成了危险的眼中钉。可知 C 选项正确。
66.解析:答案选 B。根据文中“It also suggests that it could be a legal requirement for councils to produce such strategies.”它还表明,理事会制定这样的战略可能是-个法律要求。故 B 正确。A 选项中委员会还没有真正发布战略计划。C 选项文中说的是供水公司应该支付公园的维修费用，与当地居民无关。D 选项不是最后两段的内容，工党政府投入公共开支，8.5 亿英镑的彩票奖金让这些公园重新焕发活力是既成的事实。故 A、C、D 排除。
Section C
Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.
A. Then I took them all off the shelf and started again.
B. I opened one of books and enjoyed the beautiful words about fairy.
C. This sky belongs in my book of fairy tales, I thought.
D. There were dark circles under my eyes； my hair was a tangled brown mess.
E. I put my book of fairy tales on the bedside table; it didn’t live with my other books.
F. At night, some animals wandered around the window, whispering about what they saw.
That night I couldn’t sleep.
I spent an hour or more sitting on the floor of my bedroom in my nightgown, unpacking my books from the traveling trunk and putting them on the bookshelf. I arranged them alphabetically： Louisa May Alcott, Frances Hodgson Burnett, Lewis Carroll, Charles Dickens… (67) _________. This time I use the spines to create a rainbow of color-blue, green, gray, black…
(68) _________ My brother, Robert, had given it to me for my twelfth birthday, very nearly a year ago. It was filled with the most beautiful pictures you could ever imagine-page after page of enchanted forests, underwater cities, and royal palaces. The longer you looked at those pictures, the more you would see—there were pictures within the pictures, worlds within worlds.
My new bedroom was at the back of the house overlooking the garden and the woods beyond. I opened the heavy curtains and stood at the dark window, but all could see was my own reflection looking back at me.
(69) _________ A year ago, Mama would have laughed and said, “You look like you’ve been dragged through a hedge by a runaway pony, Hen.’’ She would have pulled me toward her and gently brushed at the bird’s nest until my hair shone. She would have kissed me good night.
I blinked away the tears, and pulled the curtains together behind me to shut out the light.
The darkness beyond the window was vast and deep, nothing like the hazy gray of London at night. (70) _________ An evil queen’s black velvet cloak, embrotaerea with diamonds…
And then I saw the smoke.
It was drifting up in a thin wisp from the shadowy woods. As I squinted at it, I saw a tiny orange light flickering among the trees. A fire. Someone has lit a fire in our forest.
选自小说：《The Secret of Nightingale Wood》-- Lucy Strange
【答案】67-70 AEDC
详解如下：
67. A 【解析】根据上下文，unpacking my books...putting them on thebookshelf可知作者在摆放书籍；根据本空前I arranged them alphabetically可知，作者过去按照字母顺序来排列图书，而本空后This time I use the spines to create a rainbow可知，作者这次要按照书脊颜色来分类，前后缺少逻辑连接，因此67题，应该是作者把书从书架拿下来，重新排列，故选A。
【第1、2段段意】
那晚我夜不能寐。
我穿着睡衣在卧室的地板上坐了一个多小时，从旅行箱里把书拿出来，放在书架上。我把他们按字母顺序排列:路易莎·梅·奥尔科特，弗朗西丝·霍奇森·伯内特，路易斯·卡罗尔，查尔斯·狄更斯……这次我用书脊来创建彩虹：蓝色，绿色，灰色，黑色…
68. E【解析】本句考查指代关系。由空后My brother... had given it to me可推测，it必定在本空提到，而且是一本书，因此选项缩小到B和E；又根据本段后两句可知，作者主要是对这本书的图片着迷，所以答案确定为E，因为B选项说的是书中文字美。
【第3、4段段意】
我把我的童话书放在床头柜上;它和我其他的书不一样。，这是差不多一年前，我哥哥罗伯特送给我的十二岁生日礼物。书里满是你能想象得到的最美丽的图画--一页又一页的魔法森林、水下城市和皇家宫殿。你看这些图片的时间越长，你看到的越多--图片里有图片，世界里有世界。
我的新卧室在房子的后部，可以俯瞰花园和远处的树林。我拉开厚重的窗帘，站在黑暗的窗前，但能看到的只有我自己的影子在回望着我。
69. D【解析】本空位置位于段首，衔接上下文。根据上下文内容可知，上段末尾提到my own reflection looking back at me与本空后You look like...可知本空应该是作者的形象描写，故选D。
【第5、6段段意】
我的眼睛下面有黑眼圈;我的头发是一团乱麻。一年前，妈妈会笑着说:“你看起来像是被一匹跑着的小马拖过树篱的，亨尼。”她会吻我道晚安的。
我眨了眨眼泪，拉上身后的窗帘挡住了光线。
70. C【解析】根据空前The darkness...vast and deep...与空后An evil queen's black velvet cloak...with diamonds可知，深黑的夜色很容易让人想到黑天鹅绒的颜色，所以本空需要连接这两句建立联系，而且后文I saw与选项I thought刚好照应，故选C。值得注意的是F选项迷惑性较强，虽然around the window, whispering about what they saw可以与前后句的beyond the window、what they saw相对应，但是不符合写作的逻辑，从动物的想象跳跃到人的真实所见，放在此处过于唐突，缺少必要的衔接。
【第7、8、9段段意】
窗外的黑暗又大又深，一点也不像夜晚伦敦那雾蒙蒙的灰色。我想，这片天空属于我的童话书。邪恶女王的黑天鹅绒斗篷，上面绣着钻石……
然后我看到了烟。
它一缕一缕地从阴暗的树林里飘上来。当我眯起眼睛看它的时候，我看到一个小小的橙色的光在树丛中闪烁。是火。有人在我们的森林里点了火。
IV.Summary Writing
Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point( s)of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.
Global Cooperation
In the 21st century, we’ve seen a new trend that is pushing the boundaries (边界) of human invention and innovation — global cooperation. Scientific and technical research and development is now so complicated that no one scientist can know it all. So, increasingly, innovation is coming from the combining of cutting-edge expertise (专业知识) from different scientific fields.
There are now over 8,000 scientific journals worldwide and it is impossible to be an expert in all areas. Therefore, in this highly specialized world, scientists, medics and engineers have to cooperate in order to innovate. Professor Bob Langer at Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) has made significant breakthroughs in the field of biomedical engineering. But he hasn’t done it on his own. He has invited experts from around the world in different fields to form a global team to design new substances which can go inside the body, deliver medicines and then dissolve.
Also at MIT, when Cesar Harada heard about the oil spill in the Gulf of Mexico in 2010, he quit his dream job there and tried to develop a more efficient way to remove the oil. But rather than focusing on profit, he decided to ‘open-source’ the design. He shared his own ideas on the web for free and then got experts from all around the world to contribute ideas and even donations. Thanks to this free, not-for-profit way of sharing ideas and intellectual property on the internet, a boat capable of cleaning oil quickly came into being. Obviously, international cooperation based on sharing information freely has produced innovative approaches to solving problems.
It appears that the days of brilliant individuals working in their garages on their own are over. Global teams with a united purpose building on everyone’s expertise can collectively do far more than one brilliant individual. Today’s world calls for global cooperators, sharers, and not protectors of ideas.
71.____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】
In this century, global cooperation in science and technology is desirable because no single scientist can be a know-all due to the complexity of research and development. Scientists are working together to make breakthroughs. They also manage to solve problems by sharing ideas information freely. Gone are the days when one expert can make it alone.
V.Translation (共15分。第1小题和第2小题,每题3分;第3题4分;第4题5分。)
Directions:Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets
72. 我们非常感激他们为保护上海方言所付出的努力。(appreciate)
We really/deeply/truly appreciate their effort to preserve the Shanghai dialect
We really/deeply/truly appreciate the effort (that) they have made to preserve the Shanghai dialect.
We appreciate it deeply/a lot/very much that they have made their effort to preserve the Shanghai dialect.
分析：
① 非常：放前面可以用really/deeply/truly，放在句式句可用deeply/a lot/very much
② 感谢：appreciate考纲主要给出了2种用法
a. 欣赏；赏识；重视 —— appreciate sb./sth.
appreciate foreign literature 欣赏到外国文学原著
Her family doesn't appreciate her. 她的家人不重视她。
b. 感激；感谢；欢迎【本句翻译为此种用法，不可用We appreciate them for their effort...... 】
appreciate sth.
appreciate her help 感激她的帮忙
appreciate doing sth.
I don't appreciate being treated like a second-class citizen. 我不愿被人当作二等公民。
appreciate (sb.) (doing) sth.
We would appreciate you letting us know of any problems. 如有任何问题，请告诉我们。
③ 上海方言为专有名词，前面必须加the，即：the Shanghai dialect
73. 正如这本小册子介绍的那样，这里的司机都有礼让行人的习惯。(As)
As is introduced in the booklet/brochure/leaflet, the drivers here share the habit of politely giving way to/making way for the pedestrians.
The drivers here have a good habit of politely waiting till the pedestrians go/cross (the street) first, as is introduced in this booklet.
① 小册子可以写作：booklet/brochure/leaflet
② 正如小册子介绍的那样可写作：As is introduced in the brochure或As the brochure puts it【更为地道，主语人、物均可】
③ as引导非限定性定语从句，也可放在开头或结尾
④ 都有某种习惯建议用share the habit of doing sth.表达更为地道
74. 每周三，这些大学生都会雷打不动地去孤儿院做志愿者，教孩子们剪纸和编织。(a rule)
These college students make it a rule to volunteer in the orphanage every Wednesday, teaching/showing/demonstrating/instructing the kids skills/crafts like paper-cutting and weaving/knitting.
Those college students make it a rule to go to the orphanage to work as volunteers every Wednesday, teaching/showing/demonstrating/instructing the orphans to do paper cutting and knitting.
These college students make it a rule to go to the orphanage Every Wednesday as volunteers to teach/show/demonstrate/instruct the children how to cut paper and knit.
75. 这首歌在今年艺术节上首发时，因其旋律欢快，风格诙谐引起轰动，但只是昙花一现。(when)
The song became/was a hit/caused a sensation for its joyful/cheerful rhythm and witty style when (it was) first performed at the Art Festival this year, but its popularity didn’t last long/but it is just like a flash in the pan.
When first performed at the Art Festival this year, this song caused a sensation because of /due to/owing to/thanks to/for its cheerful *melody and comic style, but it didn’t last long/but it lasted only (for) a very short time/period.
VI.Guided Writing (共25分)
Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese
你是明启中学李华，看到电视台有报道说很多超市有大量临近保质期的食物，针对这些食物如何处理想征集观众意见，你很有感触遂写信给电台，表达想法，信件内容包含：
1）对如何处理这些临近保质期的食品提出建议；
2）提出这些建议的理由。
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【参考范文】
To whom it may concern,
Having watched your recent report about a huge stock of food approaching expiry date, I’d like to offer some suggestions to help.
The Chinese New Year is around the corner. Meanwhile, there are housing and railway construction sites running round the clock, where hundreds of migrant workers sacrifice their precious family reunion to meet the deadline. I suggest launching a New Year Purchasing Program for these builders of Shanghai. Allowing them a special discount on the food in these supermarkets.
Shanghai couldn't have been such a commercial hub and financial center but for the sweat these migrant workers shed. Thus they deserve some favorable treatment for their prime years devoted to the city. Meanwhile, milk, bread, coffee and snacks are consumed by many, but are considered dear by those who save every penny for their faraway families. This program serves as a token of our locals* gratitude, respects their needs and maintains the dignity of them, for they can decide the amount and sort of food to buy by themselves. Last but not least, it serves the need of supermarket managers as well. By no means can they find a more meaningful and affordable way to address this problem.
I sincerely hope my advice can help both the super markets and the people in need. Thank you for taking it into account.
Yours faithfully,
Li Hua
附：参考答案（分值）
I. Listening Comprehension (共25分。 1-10每题1分；11-20每题1.5分)
II. Grammar and Vocabulary (共20 分。每小题1分)
III. Reading Comprehension (共45分。 41-45每题1分；56-70每题2分)
IV. Summary Writing (共10 分)
V. Translation (共15分。第1小题和第2小题，每题3分；第3题4分；第4题5分。)
V. Guided Writing (共25分
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