人教版（2019）选择性必修第一册Unit1 People of Achievement Words and Expressions单词课件(共62张PPT)

(共62张PPT)
People
of
Achievement
words and expressions
UNIT 1 PEOPLE OF ACHIEVEMENT
Try to become not a man of success, but try rather to become a man of value.
— Albert Einstein
努力不是为了功成名就，而是为了成为有价值的人。
——阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦
PART
1
Word guessing
physiology
artemisinin
malaria
crucial
objective
botanical
flee
property
boil
liquid
relativity
patent
flee
PART
2
Key words
and
Expressions
physiology / f zi l d i/ n.生理学；生理机能
Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine
化学
物理学
和平奖
生理\医学
文学
physic n.药剂;医术;医学
v.给…用药;治愈
physical adj.物质的;身体的
mental adj.精神的；脑力的
physician n. 内科医师
2.crucial adj. 至关重要的；关键性的
同：vital, significant, important
crucially adv. 关键地；至关重要地
be crucial to/for 对...是至关重要的
play a crucial role/part in... 在...中扮演重要角色
It is crucial that...(should) do ...是至关重要的
① It is crucial that the problem __________________immediately.
关键是要马上处理这一问题。
② The support of our fans ______________our winning the Super Cup.
球迷的支持对我们赢得超级杯非常关键。
(should) be solved
is crucial to/for
3. malaria /m le ri / n. 疟疾
get
develop
catch
suffer from
malaria 患病
disease/illness 疾病
4.vital adj. 必不可少的;极其重要的
vitally adv. 极其;紧要地
be vital to/for 对…极重要
It is vital to do sth. 做某事是很重要的
It is vital that…(should) do…是极重要的(虚拟, should可省)
① Perseverance _________success. 毅力对成功是至关重要的.
② It is vital that human beings____________ the rules of nature.重要的是人类应该服从大自然的规则。
is vital to
(should) obey
5. commit vt.承诺;保证　vi.忠于;投入
commit murder /a mistake 谋杀/ 犯错误
commit to sb./sth 忠于…
commit ...to ... 投入...到...
commit oneself to do/doing sth. 承诺/保证做某事
committed adj.尽力的;坚定的
be committed to (doing) sth. 承诺/致力(做)某事
commitment n.承诺；献身；奉献
make a commitment to do/doing sth. 承诺做某事
committed-committed-committing
单句语法填空
1)Doing any ordinary job as well as one can is in itself an admirable ___________（commit）.
2)He quickly found that he loved playing this instrument，and was___________（commit） to practicing it.
3)He has committed himself ___________　 the cause of education.
commitment　
空前有 an，所以应该填名词。
committed　
to
6.objective
①adj. 客观的 ---- __________adj. 主观的
②n. 目标；目的 同：_______________
meet/ achieve one’s objectives 达到/实现某人的目标
set an objective for sb./sth. 为...确定目标
with the objective/aim/goal of… 以…为目标
object n. 物体；宾语 vi.不同意;反对
object to doing sth 反对做某事
objection n.反对，异议
goal / aim / target
subjective
7.evaluate vt.评价；评估
evaluate sb on/by... 根据...评估...
evaluation n. 评估；估算
make an evaluation of 对...做评估
Afterwards, they _______________________the health care system.后来，他们对医疗保健制度进行了评价。
make an evaluation of
8.distinct adj. 清晰的; 有区别的
be distinct/different from... 与...不同
It is distinct that... 很明显...
distinctive adj. （特征、外表）独特的，特别的
distinction n. 区别, 差别; 优秀,卓越
a writer of distinction 优秀作家
make/draw a distinction between A and B
区别对待A和B
distinguish v. 区分；分清
①The learning needs of the two groups _____________each other.这两个组的学习需求是有区别的。
②Philosophers use to _______________between arts and science.哲学家过去常常把人文科学与自然科学区别开来。
③The hanfu (汉服) is a female dress with ____________ Chinese features.
are distinct from
make a distinction
distinctive
9.extract n. 提取物; 摘录
vt. 提取; 摘录; (用力)拔出
extracted from 选自...;从...选取
【即学活用】语法填空
(1)Language teachers often extract examples _________ grammar books.
(2)Li Shizhen discovered a variety of herbs whose _______ (extract) can cure certain diseases.
from
extracts
________________water
10. boil /b l/
①vt.&vi. (使）沸腾；煮开；烧开
区分：boiled water
boiling water
②vi. 发怒；发火
eg: His rudeness made her boil with anger(满腔怒火）.
boiling
A watched pot never boils.
心急吃不了热豆腐
solid 固体
gas 气体
The glass is full of ____________.
liquid
11. liquid / l kw d/ n. 液体 adj. 液体的；液态的
12.obtain vt. (尤指经努力)获得; 贏得=gain, get, acquire
vi. (规章、习俗等)存在; 流行
obtain...from/through...从...获得...
obtain one’s permission 得到某人许可
obtain sb. sth.＝obtain sth.for sb. 给某人带来某物
obtainment n. 取得
obtainable adj. 可获得的;可得到的
1.You should __________________from the teacher before you leave school.
2.Both of these books can ___________ (obtain)from the library.
obtain the permission
be obtained
acknowledgement n. 承认;感谢
acknowledge sth./doing/having done sth. 承认(做/做过)某事
acknowledge that…承认…
acknowledge ... as/to be… 承认 ...是/担任…
It is universally/generally acknowledged that…公认...
eg:It's acknowledged that he is a good man.
acknowledge sb. with…　 用…对...表示感谢
13.acknowledge vt. ①承认(属实、权威等) = admit
②(公开)感谢
练一练：
1）Tu Youyou is acknowledged ______one of the greatest scientist.
2）With no enough evidence, he refused to acknowledge ________(steal) the lady's purse.
3)Many of the poor _____________ him ______ (承认...为) their leader.
to be
stealing
acknowledged
as
14.defeat n. 失败；挫败 vt.击败；战胜=beat
a big/bad defeat 大败 a narrow/heavy defeat 惜败/惨败
suffer /accept/acknowledge (a) defeat 遭受/接受/承认失败
defeat sb. 击败某人
eg:I’ve tried to solve the problem, but it defeatd me.
我已经尝试去解决这个问题了 ，但它还是打败了我。
No matter what happened, they refused to______________.
无论发生什么，他们拒绝承认失败。
acknowledge defeat
辨析: defeat/beat +某人或某个集体 击败/打败…
win+ game/match/race/election/prize
【注意“赢某人”不能用win sb.可用defeat/beat sb.】
win sb. sth. = win sth. for sb. 为某人赢得某物 【双宾语】
defeat 击败，强调过程和结果 宾语是对手
beat 打败；(连续)击打 宾语是对手
win 赢得；获胜 宾语是game或prize等
15. apparently adv. 显而易见; 看来; 显然
apparent adj.显而易见的；易懂的；表面上
It is apparent that… 显然...
“显然”的表达还有：
It is clear/obvious/distinct/evident that. . .
Clearly/Obviously/Distinctly/Evidently,. . .
16.insist vi.& vt. 坚持; 坚决要求
insist on/upon doing sth. 坚决要求做某事
insist+that从句时，有两种情况：
a.表示“坚持主张/强烈要求”时，从句用虚拟语气，从句用“should+动词原形”，should可省。
insist (that) ... (should) do坚决要求;坚决主张
b.表示“坚持说/认为”时，从句用陈述语气, 从句谓语按实际需要选择时态
insist (that)... 坚持说;坚持认为(从句用陈述语气)
类似用法:
一坚持:insist
二命令:order/command/
三建议:advise/suggest/recommend
四要求:desire/demand/request/require
①She was stubborn and insisted that the work ________________ ahead of schedule.
她很固执，坚持要求工作要提前完成。
②My sister insisted that_____________.
我妹妹坚持说她是正确的。
(should) be finished
she was right
17. scientific adj.科学(上)的;细致严谨的;科学的
science n.科学
scientist n.科学家
18. mostly adv.主要地；一般地 =
most adj.大多数
mainly
19.conclusion n. 结论；推论；结束
make a conclusion下结论
draw/reach/come to/arrive at a conclusion 得出结论
in conclusion 总之
conclude vt. 推断出　vi.结束；终止
conclude...from...　从…中推断出…
conclude....with.../by doing... 以…结束…
19.conclusion n. 结论；推论；结束
“最后,总而言之”的其他表达：
in a word
in brief
all in all
in short
on the whole
in closing
20.
flee
flee --- _____---_____
① All the animals fled from the fire.
所有的动物都从火场逃离了
② When the bombing started，the population fled to safe places.轰炸开始时，人们都逃到了安全地带。
fled
fled
从...逃离
逃 至...
fled away 逃离
flee 着重逃的动作, 强调逃走时的急促或仓促。
有时表示“破灭”
escape 强调逃跑的结果, 即成功地跑掉了；
有时用于引申义“逃避；躲避”。
run away 多用于口语, 含有“不辞而别” 之意。
辨析：
21.circumstance n.条件,情况;情形,形势
in/under the circumstances在这种情况下
in/under no circumstances 绝不,无论如何都不
(置于句首时,句子用部分倒装)
eg:Under/In no circumstances can you go out.
你绝对不可以出去。
21.circumstance n.条件,情况;情形,形势
【拓展】
表示“绝不”, 置于句首时,句子用部分倒装：
in no sense/way
at no time
on no account/condition
by no means
22.found vt.创建，创办;把…建立在
foundation n. 基础
founder n. 创办人，发起人
found vt.建立 =set up /establish
动词 过去式 过去分词 意思
found founded founded 成立
find found found 发现、找到
(1) The People’s Republic of China was _______ (found) in 1949.
(2) The year of 1949 saw the ___________ (found) of the People’s Republic of China .
(3) After the end of the civil war, the poor boy was finally _________ (find) by his family.
founded
foundation
found
23.infer [ n f (r)] vt. 推断; 推定
infer-----referred----referred
infer from 从...推断
inference n.结论，推论
refer, infer, prefer, occur, stir, star 等要双写r后, 再加ed/ing;
offer, suffer不双写,直接加ed/ing
24.politician 从政者；政治家；政客
political adj. 政治的; 政党的; 对政治有兴趣的
politically adv.政治上
politics n.政治; 政治事务; 政治观点
表职业：
musician(音乐家), clinician (临床医生), magician(魔术师)
哪国人：
Asian（亚洲人），Canadian （加拿大人），
Australian（澳大利亚人），Indian印度人）
25.theory [ θ ri]: n. 理论; 学说
put the theory into practice : 将理论付诸/用于实践
in theory: 理论上; 按理说
in practice/reality/fact 实践中/实际上/事实上
theorist n.理论家
theoretical adj. 理论上的
theoretically adv. 理论上
theory of relativity
相对论
relative adj.相对的；相关的
n.亲戚
be relative to 相对于...;和...比较起来
a close /distant relative 近亲/远亲
relatively adv.比较而言；相对地
relatively speaking 相对来说
26. relativity / rel t v ti/n. (物理)相对论；相对性
27.genius n. 天才; 天资; 天赋 pl:geniuses
辨析:genius, gift, talent
1.genius 程度最高,“最全面的天才” 也指“有天才的人”
a genius at (doing) sth (做)...的天才
2.gift 侧重“天赋”
3.talent 侧重“才能”
have a genius/gift /talent for 有…的才能
talented adj.有才能的，天资高的
be talented/gifted in在…有天赋
28.passion n. 酷爱；激情
develop a passion for 对...产生爱好；培养...的热情
have a passion for (doing) sth 酷爱(做)...
with passion 充满激情地
out of a strong passion for 出于对...的热情
passionate adj. 狂热的；热爱的；酷爱的
be passionate about… 对…狂热/酷爱
28.passion n.酷爱；激情
① He ________________music. 他酷爱音乐。
② She often takes her son to the gallery, trying to help him ______________________________.
她经常带她儿子去画廊，试图帮助他培养艺术的爱好。
has a passion for
develop a passion for art
29.doctorate n. 博士学位
= doctor’s degree 博士学位
bachelor's degree 学士学位
master's degree 硕士学位
take/receive/get/obtain/earn a (one’s) doctorate (in...)
获得博士学位
30.extraordinary adj. 不一般的；非凡的
extraordinarily adv. 格外，非常
extra-表示“额外的，超过的”
remarkable adj. 非凡的; 显著的
an extraordinary achievement 卓越的成就
a truly extraordinary woman.一位杰出的女性。
It's extraordinary that he managed to sleep through the party.
真想不到他竟然从聚会开始一直睡到结束。
31. come to power (开始)掌权;上台 (可接时间点）
powerful adj.强有力的
have the power to do sth. 有做某事的能力
be in power　执政;掌权(可接时间段）
do all/everything in one's power 竭尽全力做某事
beyond /out of one's power 力所不能及
come to an end /an agreement /a(the) conclusion
结束/达成协议/得出结论
The party _____________four years ago.
=The party ____________________for four years.
came to power
has been in power
(1)Could you tell me when the new president _____________
你能告诉我新总统是什么时候上台的吗？
(2)She had the power___________(control) the situation.。
(3)I am sorry it’s______________ my power to make such a decision.
对不起，我无权做此决定。
(4)This kind of animals has some___________(power) teeth.
to control
beyond/out of
powerful
came to power
32. consequence n. 结果; 后果; 影响
consequent adj. 作为结果的;随之而来的
consequently adv. 结果,因此
as a consequence = in consequence/as a result 结果,因此
as a consequence/result of=in consequence of 因为...;由于…
take/suffer/face the consequences (of sth) 承担…的后果
1.I am willing to___________________.我愿意承担后果。
2.She was over the age limit and, _____________________________,her application was rejected.
超过了年龄限制，所以她的申请被拒绝了。
take the consequence
in consequence/ as a consequence
(1)The warming of the earth and the ____________ （consequence）climatic changes affect us all.
地球变暖以及随之发生的气候变化影响着我们所有人。
(2) a great fire，the house was completely destroyed.
由于一场大火，这个房子被完全烧毁了。
(3)My car broke down and (consequent) I was late.
consequently
As a consequence of/In consequence of
consequent
33. take up a position 担任; 任职
搭配：out of position 不在适当的位置
in position 在适当的位置
翻译： 他担任班长一职
He takes up the position as the monitor.
peculiar / p kju li (r) / adj.奇怪的；特别的
take up拿起；接受；开始从事；继续；占据
[写出下列句子中take up的汉语意思
(1)In fact，surfing the Internet takes up most of her time. ____
(2)The teacher took up the lesson where he left off last week. ____
(3)Peter will take up the management of the finance department. ________
占据
继续
开始从事
短语：take off 脱掉;起飞;休假;开始成功
take on 雇用;呈现
take over 接管
take in 收留;包括;理解;记住;欺骗
take down 拆开;写下
take back 收回(所说的错话)
34.moustache
beard [b d] n. 胡须
have/wear/grow a beard/moustache
35.peculiarity [p kju li r ti] n. 个性; 特点; 怪异的性质
personality n. 性格; 个性
character n. 特点; 特色; (汉)字; 品格
characteristic [,k r kt r st k] n. 特点; 特征; 特色
property n. (正式)特性; 性质,所有物;财产;财物
feature n.特色;特征;特点; 特写，专题节目
v.以…为特色;由…主演;以…为主要组成;
36. encounter vt. 偶然碰到; 遇到 n. 邂逅; 遭遇
短语：encounter problems/ difficulties 遇到问题/困难
have an encounter with 与...相遇
come/run across /run into/bump into/meet with 偶然遇到(发现)
① When I _________________in learning, shealways helps me overcome problems patiently.
当我在学习中遇到问题，她总是耐心地帮我克服困难。
②On a rainy day, he _________________with an old friend in Rome.
在一个雨夜，他在罗马遇到了一个老朋友。
encounter problems
had an encounter
37.remarkable adj.非凡的；显著的；不寻常的
be remarkable for以……著称
remark n.谈论；言论；评述
vt.& vi.谈论；评论；说起
remark on/upon谈论/评论……
remarkably adv.不寻常地
(1)All of this makes the actions of the homeless Tom Smith even more ________________.(2018·北京)
(2)These cars are (remark) for the quietness of their engines.
(3)My life improved (remark) when I discovered art.
(4)Don’t make remarks her appearance.
remarkable
remarkably
remarkable
on
38.device [d va s]: n. 方法; 技巧; 装置; 仪器
a marketing(营销) device
做什么的方法:
a way of doing/to do sth…:
a manner of doing sth…:
an approach to (doing) sth…:
a method of/for (doing) sth…:
39.sum v. 总结; 概括；n. 金额; 款项; 总数
sum up: 总结; 概括
to sum up: 概括地说
in sum: 总之; 总而言之
a large sum of money/cash 一大笔钱/现金
①_______________, we need to concentrate on staff training.
总的来说，我们需要专注于员工培训。
②Please _____________the main point of the lesson in three ideas in three sentences.请用三句话来总结这堂课的重点。
To sum up
sum up
40.draft [drɑ ft]: n. 草稿; 草案；
vt. 起草; 草拟
draft a bill/contract 起草法案/合同
draft a plan起草计划
thank you