第30讲 非谓语动词
【真题体验】
1．—Simon，what do I need to take for the hiking?
—You'd better __B__ more water than usual.It's hot today.(2014，南京)
A．to take B．take C．taking D．took
2．The little girl was crying because her mother didn't allow her __C__ the ice-cream.(2014，重庆)
A．eat B．eats C．to eat D．ate
3．Many fast food restaurants paint their walls red，play loud music and have hard seats __B__ customers eat quickly and leave.(2014，杭州)
A．make B．to make C．made D．making
4．Granny often tells us __C__ water in our daily life.(2014，泰安)
A．save B．saving C．to save D．saves
5．Can you hear someone __C__ in the classroom？It is Mary.(2014，威海)
A．sing B．sings C．singing D．sang
【考点梳理】
中考对非谓语动词的考查主要有：
1．动名词和动词不定式作主语；
2．动名词和动词不定式作表语、宾语；
3．动词不定式作宾语补足语；
4．动词不定式作目的状语；
5．固定短语搭配。
高频考向一 不定式
1．构成：to＋动词原形，即：to do形式。其否定形式为：not to do。如：
The teacher tells me to finish my homework after school.老师告诉我放学后完成我的作业。
2．动词不定式具有名词、形容词和副词的特征，因此在句中可以作主语、表语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语和状语。
①作主语
To help the old is our duty.帮助老人是我们的职责。
注意：动词不定式作主语时，为了保持句子的平衡，往往用it作形式主语，而把不定式短语置于谓语动词之后。
?“It's＋ adj.＋of sb.＋不定式”表示“某人(做某事)……”。这一句型中常用表示性质、品格的形容词，常用的有good(好的)，kind(友善的)，nice(好的)，polite(有礼貌的)，clever(聪明的)，foolish(愚蠢的)，lazy(懒惰的)，careful(细心的)，careless(粗心的)，right(正确的)，wrong(错误的)等。如：
It's kind of you to help me.你帮了我，你真好。
?“It's＋ adj.＋for sb.＋不定式”表示“做某事对某人来说……”。常用的形容词有difficult(困难的)，easy(容易的)，hard(艰难的)，dangerous(危险的)，safe(安全的)，useful(有用的)，pleasant(舒适的)，interesting(有趣的)等。如：
It's dangerous for you to climb that tall tree.对你来说，爬上那棵高树是危险的。
②作表语
To eat is to live，but to live is not to eat.吃饭是为了活着，但活着并不是为了吃饭。
③作宾语
常接不定式作宾语的动词有：decide(决定)，expect(期望)，forget(忘记)，hope(希望)，pretend(假装)，try(尽力)等。如：
I want to borrow your bike.我想借你的自行车。
④作宾语补足语
常接不定式作宾语补足语的动词有：ask(要求)，tell(告诉)，want(想要)，teach(教)，wish(希望)，help(帮助)，warn(警告)，invite(邀请)，encourage(鼓励)等。如：
Tina told her sister to turn down the TV.蒂娜告诉她的姐姐把电视机的音量调小点。
⑤作定语
动词不定式作定语时，常置于被修饰名词之后作后置定语，且被修饰的名词与不定式的动词有动宾关系或介宾关系。如：
He wants some water to drink.他想要些水喝。(动宾)
He has no friends to talk with.他没朋友说话。(介宾)
注意：?当不定式修饰的名词是time，place或way时，不定式后的介词习惯省去。如：
He had no place to live(in)．他没地方住。
?有些名词常用不定式作定语。如：
a chance to go to school上学的机会
no time to think about rest没时间考虑休息
a way to learn(of learning)English学习英语的一种方法
⑥作状语
They ran over to welcome us.(表目的)
他们跑过来欢迎我们。
Paul is too excited to say anything.(表结果)
保罗激动得说不出话来。
I'm sorry to trouble you.(表原因)
很抱歉打扰你。
注意：有些动词不定式在使用时，要省去to。具体有：
?在动词let，feel，see，look at，watch，have，make，notice，hear等动词后，动词不定式作宾语时，要省略to。但在变被动语态时要加上。如：
I heard someone knock at the door.我听到有人在敲门。
We saw him enter the room.我们看到他进了房间。
?在would you please，had better，why not，would rather等结构的句型后，要用不带to的不定式。如：
Would you please make your bed？请整理下你的床，好吗？
You'd better go to bed early.你最好早点睡觉。
3．特殊疑问词＋动词不定式
能接不定式的疑问词有：what，which，how，who，when，where等。它们可以在句中作主语、宾语和表语。如：
I don't know what to do.我不知该做什么。
I don't know how to do it.我不知道该怎么去做它。
The question is who to go.问题是谁去。
【例1】 —I haven't seen my grandparents for long.I'm too busy ________ them these days.(2014，凉山)
—Why not call them instead?
A．visit B．to visit C．visiting D．visit
点拨：too...to...“太……而不能”，由句意可知“我最近这些天太忙而没有去拜访他们”。
答案：__B__
【例2】 When you leave，please turn off the light ________ energy.(2014，天津)
A．save B．saving C．saved D．to save
点拨：动词不定式在此表目的。
答案：__D__
【例3】 How kind you are！You always do what you can ________ others.(2013，十堰)
A．help B．helping C．helps D．to help
点拨：动词不定式作状语。句意为“你总是尽你所能来帮助别人”。
答案：__D__
【例4】 —Why are you so excited today?
—We were told________a picnic this weekend.(2013，南京)
A．have B．to have C．having D．had
点拨：答语是一个被动语态的句子，结合选项内容可知句意为“我们被告知这个周末要去野餐”。tell (sb.) to do sth.意为“告诉某人做某事”，其被动形式为(sb.)be told to do sth.。
答案：__B__
高频考向二 动名词
动名词具有名词的性质，在句中可以作主语、表语、宾语、定语等。如：
Saying so much is useless.说那么多没用。(主语)
My greatest pleasure is traveling.我最大的乐趣是旅游。(表语)
She enjoys going to the cinema.她喜爱看电影。(宾语)
There is a swimming pool here.这儿有一个游泳池。(定语)
注意：(1)初中阶段常见的接动名词的动词或动词短语有：enjoy(喜欢)，finish(完成)，keep(保持)，practise(练习)，mind(介意)，suggest(建议)，be busy(忙于)；be worth(值得)，can't help(禁不住)，give up(放弃)，be used to(习惯于)，stop/prevent/keep…from(阻止)，look forward to(盼望)；feel like(想要)；be good at(擅长)；be interested in(对……感兴趣)；succeed in(成功)等。
(2)有些动词既可接不定式也可接动名词形式作宾语，但表达的意思不同。如：
①
②
③
④
⑤
【例5】 —Wow，so many coins here!
—Right！My father is fond of ________ coins.(2014，漳州)
A．collect B．collects
C．collecting D．collected
点拨：be fond of doing sth.意为“喜欢做某事”。
答案：__C__
【例6】 Read the instructions before ________ the new machine.(2014，白银；平凉)
A．use B．to use C．using D．used
点拨：before为介词，后跟动词-ing形式。
答案：__C__
【例7】 —Where's Tony now？(2014，黄石)
—I saw him ________ in the garden a moment ago and I told him ________.
A．play；go home B．playing；to go home
C．to play；goes home D．play；going home
点拨：see sb. doing sth.“看见某人正在做某事”；tell sb. to do sth.“告诉某人做某事”。
答案：__B__
1．When summer comes，a lot of people feel like __C__ to have fun.(2014，黄石)
A．to swim B．swim
C．swimming D．have swum
2．Li Jun always makes his little sister __C__．(2014，邵阳)
A．crying B．to cry C．cry D．cried
3．Thanks for __C__ me with my science.(2014，泸州)
A．help B．to help
C．helping D．your help
4．Please remember __D__ your notebook here tomorrow.(2014，泸州)
A．brings B．brought C．bringing D．to bring
5．—Grandpa has changed a lot.(2014，黄冈)
—So he has.He spends more time than he used to __B__ games with the children.
A．play B．playing C．played D．plays
6．The students in this school are made __A__ school uniforms on Monday.(2014，内江)
A．to wear B．wearing C．wear D．worn
7．Many young people took part in __A__ trees on Tree-planting Day.(2013，白银)
A．planting B．plants C．to plant D．plant
8．—I'm very tired these days because of the senior high school entrance examination (中考)．
—Why not __A__ music？It can make you ________.(2013，鄂州)
A．listen to；relaxed B．to listen to；relaxed
C．listen to；relax D．to listen to；to relax
9．I always tell my students __A__ on the road because it's really dangerous.(2013，广州)
A．not to play B．play not
C．not playing D．not play
10．—Excuse me.Could you please tell me __B__ my car?
—Sure.Park it right here.I'll help you.(2013，青岛)
A．how to stop B．where to park
C．where to stop D．when to park
11．Seeing their teacher __D__ into the classroom，they stopped ________ at once.(2013，黄石)
A．walk；telling B．entering；to speak
C．enter；to tell D．walking；talking
12．It only __A__ him 20 minutes ________ to his office every day.(2013，鞍山)
A．takes；to drive B．took；drive
C．takes；drive D．took；to drive
课件20张PPT。英 语第34讲 非谓语动词【真题体验】
1．—Simon，what do I need to take for the hiking?
—You'd better __B__ more water than usual.It's hot today.(2014，南京)
A．to take B．take C．taking D．took
2．The little girl was crying because her mother didn't allow her __C__ the ice-cream.(2014，重庆)
A．eat B．eats C．to eat D．Ate
3．Many fast food restaurants paint their walls red，play loud music and have hard seats __B__ customers eat quickly and leave.(2014，杭州)
A．make B．to make C．made D．making4．Granny often tells us __C__ water in our daily life.(2014，泰安)
A．save B．saving C．to save D．saves
5．Can you hear someone __C__ in the classroom？It is Mary.(2014，威海)
A．sing B．sings C．singing D．sang
【考点梳理】
中考对非谓语动词的考查主要有：
1．动名词和动词不定式作主语；
2．动名词和动词不定式作表语、宾语；
3．动词不定式作宾语补足语；
4．动词不定式作目的状语；
5．固定短语搭配。高频考点一 不定式
1．构成：to＋动词原形，即：to do形式。其否定形式为：not to do。如：
The teacher tells me to finish my homework after school.老师告诉我放学后完成我的作业。
2．动词不定式具有名词、形容词和副词的特征，因此在句中可以作主语、表语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语和状语。
①作主语
To help the old is our duty.帮助老人是我们的职责。
注意：动词不定式作主语时，为了保持句子的平衡，往往用it作形式主语，而把不定式短语置于谓语动词之后。?“It's＋ adj.＋of sb.＋不定式”表示“某人(做某事)……”。这一句型中常用表示性质、品格的形容词，常用的有good(好的)，kind(友善的)，nice(好的)，polite(有礼貌的)，clever(聪明的)，foolish(愚蠢的)，lazy(懒惰的)，careful(细心的)，careless(粗心的)，right(正确的)，wrong(错误的)等。如：
It's kind of you to help me.你帮了我，你真好。
?“It's＋ adj.＋for sb.＋不定式”表示“做某事对某人来说……”。常用的形容词有difficult(困难的)，easy(容易的)，hard(艰难的)，dangerous(危险的)，safe(安全的)，useful(有用的)，pleasant(舒适的)，interesting(有趣的)等。如：
It's dangerous for you to climb that tall tree.对你来说，爬上那棵高树是危险的。②作表语
To eat is to live，but to live is not to eat.吃饭是为了活着，但活着并不是为了吃饭。
③作宾语
常接不定式作宾语的动词有：decide(决定)，expect(期望)，forget(忘记)，hope(希望)，pretend(假装)，try(尽力)等。如：
I want to borrow your bike.我想借你的自行车。
④作宾语补足语
常接不定式作宾语补足语的动词有：ask(要求)，tell(告诉)，want(想要)，teach(教)，wish(希望)，help(帮助)，warn(警告)，invite(邀请)，encourage(鼓励)等。如：
Tina told her sister to turn down the TV.蒂娜告诉她的姐姐把电视机的音量调小点。⑤作定语
动词不定式作定语时，常置于被修饰名词之后作后置定语，且被修饰的名词与不定式的动词有动宾关系或介宾关系。如：
He wants some water to drink.他想要些水喝。(动宾)
He has no friends to talk with.他没朋友说话。(介宾)
注意：?当不定式修饰的名词是time，place或way时，不定式后的介词习惯省去。如：
He had no place to live(in)．他没地方住。
?有些名词常可用不定式作定语。如：
a chance to go to school上学的机会
no time to think about rest没时间考虑休息
a way to learn(of learning)English学习英语的一种方法⑥作状语
They ran over to welcome us.(表目的)
他们跑过来欢迎我们。
Paul is too excited to say anything.(表结果)
保罗激动得说不出话来。
I'm sorry to trouble you.(表原因)
很抱歉打扰你。
注意：有些动词不定式在使用时，要省去to。具体有：
?在动词let，feel，see，look at，watch，have，make，notice，hear等动词后，动词不定式作宾语时，要省略to。但在变被动语态时要加上。如：
I heard someone knock at the door.我听到有人在敲门。
We saw him enter the room.我们看到他进了房间。?在would you please，had better，why not，would rather等结构的句型后，要用不带to的不定式。如：
Would you please make your bed？请整理下你的床，好吗？
You'd better go to bed early.你最好早点睡觉。
3．特殊疑问词＋动词不定式
能接不定式的疑问词有：what，which，how，who，when，where等。它们可以在句中作主语、宾语和表语。如：
I don't know what to do.我不知该做什么。
I don't know how to do it.我不知道该怎么去做它。
The question is who to go.问题是谁去。【例1】 —I haven't seen my grandparents for long.I'm too busy __ B _ them these days.
—Why not call them instead？(2014，凉山)
A．visit B．to visit C．visiting D．visit
点拨：too...to...“太……而不能”，由句意可知“我太忙而没有去拜访他们”。
【例2】 When you leave，please turn off the light _ D _ energy.(2014，天津)
A．save B．saving C．saved D．to save
点拨：动词不定式在此表目的。【例3】 How kind you are！You always do what you can _ D _ others.(2013，十堰)
A．help B．helping C．helps D．to help
点拨：动词不定式作状语。句意为“你总是尽你所能来帮助别人”。
【例4】 —Why are you so excited today？(2013，南京)
—We were told_ D _a picnic this weekend.
A．have B．to have
C．having D．had
点拨：答语是一个被动语态的句子，结合选项内容可知句意为“我们被告知这个周末要去野餐”。tell (sb.) to do sth.意为“告诉某人做某事”，其被动形式为(sb.)be told to do sth.。高频考点二 动名词
动名词具有名词的性质，在句中可以作主语、表语、宾语、定语等。如：
Saying so much is useless.说那么多没用。(主语)
My greatest pleasure is traveling.我最大的乐趣是旅游。(表语)
She enjoys going to the cinema.她喜爱看电影。(宾语)
There is a swimming pool here.这儿有一个游泳池。(定语)
注意：(1)初中阶段常见的接动名词的动词或动词短语有：enjoy(喜欢)，finish(完成)，keep(保持)，practise(练习)，mind(介意)，suggest(建议)，be busy(忙于)；be worth(值得)，can't help(禁不住)，give up(放弃)，be used to(习惯于)，stop/prevent/keep…from(阻止)，look forward to(盼望)；feel like(想要)；be good at(擅长)；be interested in(对……感兴趣)；succeed in(成功)等。(2)有些动词既可接不定式也可接动名词形式作宾语，但表达的意思不同。如：
【例5】 —Wow，so many coins here!
—Right！My father is fond of __ C _ coins.
A．collect B．collects C．collecting D．collected
点拨：be fond of doing sth.意为“喜欢做某事”。
【例6】 Read the instructions before _ C __ the new machine.(2014，白银；平凉)
A．use B．to use C．using D．used
点拨：before为介词，后跟动词-ing形式。
【例7】 —Where's Tony now？(2014，黄石)
—I saw him ________ in the garden a moment ago and I told him _ B _.
A．play；go home B．playing；to go home
C．to play；goes home D．play；going home
点拨：see sb. doing sth.“看见某人正在做某事”；tell sb. to do sth.“告诉某人做某事”。1．When summer comes，a lot of people feel like __C__ to have fun.(2014，黄石)
A．to swim B．swim
C．swimming D．have swum
2．Li Jun always makes his little sister __C__．
A．crying B．to cry C．cry D．cried
3．Thanks for __C__ me with my science.(2014，泸州)
A．help B．to help
C．helping D．your help
4．Please remember __D__ your notebook here tomorrow.(2014，泸州)
A．brings B．brought C．bringing D．to bring5．—Grandpa has changed a lot.(2014，黄冈)
—So he has.He spends more time than he used to __B__ games with the children.
A．play B．playing C．played D．plays
6．The students in this school are made __A__ school uniforms on Monday.(2014，内江)
A．to wear B．wearing C．wear D．worn
7．Many young people took part in __A__ trees on Tree-planting Day.(2013，白银)
A．planting B．plants C．to plant D．plant8．—I'm very tired these days because of the senior high school entrance examination (中考)．
—Why not __A__ music？It can make you ________.(2013，鄂州)
A．listen to；relaxed B．to listen to；relaxed
C．listen to；relax D．to listen to；to relax
9．I always tell my students__A__on the road because it's really dangerous.(2013，广州)
A．not to play B．play not
C．not playing D．not play10．—Excuse me.Could you please tell me__B__my car?
—Sure.Park it right here.I'll help you.(2013，青岛)
A．how to stop B．where to park
C．where to stop D．when to park
11．Seeing their teacher __D__ into the classroom，they stopped ________ at once.(2013，黄石)
A．walk；telling B．entering；to speak
C．enter；to tell D．walking；talking
12．It only __A__ him 20 minutes ________ to his office every day.(2013，鞍山)
A．takes；to drive B．took；drive
C．takes；drive D．took；to drive考点跟踪突破30 非谓语动词
1．—I want to go to Xinfeng Park.How can I get there?
—__A__ there，just go along this street and turn left at the third crossing.(2014，益阳)
A．To get B．Getting C．Get D．Gets
2．—Some children can't afford __C__ necessary stationary.(2014，扬州)
—Let's donate our pocket money to them.
A．buy B．buying
C．to buy D．be bought
3．Some of the tired students keep their eyes __C__ in breaks.(2014，白银)
A．opened B．close C．closed D．open
4．Mike went to the library __B__ some books yesterday.(2014，临沂)
A．borrow B．to borrow
C．borrows D．borrowed
5．Listen！I hear someone __B__ in the classroom.(2014，永州)
A．sing B．singing
C．to sing D．is singing
6．—You look so tired.(2014，遂宁)
—My mother makes me __A__ playing the piano for 2 hours every day.
A．practise B．to practise
C．practising D．practises
7．Mrs Zhao went __B__ after she finished ________ her work last Monday.(2014，巴中)
A．shop；doing B．shopping；doing
C．shopping；to do D．shop；to do
8．We should do what we can __B__ our environment.(2014，绥化)
A．protect B．to protect
C．protecting D．protected
9．The old man prefers to __C__ at home rather than ________ to have a picnic.(2014，绥化)
A．staying；going B．stay；going
C．stay；go D．staying；to go
10．So far the exchange program has brought many foreigners to China __B__ Chinese.(2014，绵阳)
A．study B．to study
C．studying D．studied
11．Paul looks forward to __C__ his pen pal as soon as possible.(2014，梅州)
A．meets B．meet C．meeting D．met
12．My parents always tell me __D__ more vegetables and fruit.(2014，北京)
A．eat B．eating C．eats D．to eat
13．—Mr Miller，I am afraid that I can't finish this work in a week.
—My boy，be brave and tell yourself __C__．(2014，黔南)
A．don't give up B．not give up
C．not to give up D．to give up
14．—Tom，have you ever watched the talent show The Voice of China?
—Yes，Lucy，if you are good at singing，you may consider __B__ a try.(2014，玉林)
A．to have B．having C．has D．have
15．When I walked past the park，I saw some old people __C__ Chinese Taiji.(2013，莱芜)
A．do B．did
C．doing D．are doing
16．The little boy pretended __D__ when his mother came in.(2013，白银)
A．sleeping B．asleep
C．to asleep D．to be asleep
17．—Why do we eat vegetables every day，Mum?
—__A__ healthy，my dear.(2013，大庆)
A．To keep B．Keep C．Keeping D．Kept
18．—Would you like __B__ camping with me?
—I'd like to.But I'm busy ________ my homework.(2013，滨州)
A．to go；to do B．to go；doing
C．going；to do D．going；doing
19．—Did it take you a lot of time __C__ English last weekend?
—No.I went to the countryside to see my grandfather.(2013，达州)
A．practising speaking B．practising spoken
C．to practise speaking D．practise spoken
20．Mary called and asked her husband __D__ home at once，because she locked her daughter in the home.(2013，陕西)
A．to leave B．leave C．go D．to go
21．—I didn't hear you come in just now.
—That's good.We tried __B__ any noise，for you were sleeping.(2013，广东)
A．not make B．not to make
C．to make D．making
22．I hope everyone can care about __A__ the environment and stop ________ things.(2013，三亚)
A．protecting；wasting
B．protecting；to waste
C．protect；wasting
D．protect；to waste
23．—Driving less，walking more is good for our health.(2013，襄阳)
—So I'd rather __C__ an hour's walk to work than consider ________ a car.
A．take；drive B．take；to drive
C．take；driving D．taking；driving
24．Don't throw away the waste paper.It needs __D__ so that it can be reused.(2013，无锡)
A．to destroy B．destroying
C．to collect D．collecting
