长沙市南雅中学高三年级2023下学期入学检测
英语
时量：120分钟 总分：150分
第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What is the woman dissatisfied with
A. The man’s clothing. B. The man’s lateness. C. The travel time.
2. What is the probable relationship between the speakers
A. Shop assistant and customer.
B. Bus driver and passenger.
C Tour guide and visitor.
3. What are the speakers mainly talking about
A. The man’s travel arrangements.
B. Some changes in the flight schedule.
C. The best transportation to different cities.
4. How does the woman sound
A. Relieved. B. Annoyed. C. Guilty.
5. Why does the woman go running in the morning
A. She is training for a race.
B. She is trying to lose weight.
C. She has a new working schedule.
第二节
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. Where are the speakers
A. In a shop. B. In a restaurant. C. In an office.
7. What does the man want to do
A. Do some work. B. Have a meal. C. Shop for gifts.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8. What are the speakers doing
A. Climbing a hill. B. Training for a marathon. C. Camping in the woods.
9. What happened to the man
A. He fell into a river.
B. He thought he was injured.
C. He was too tired to move on.
10. What will the speakers probably do next
A. Stop for a rest. B. See a doctor. C. Finish the race.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11. What did the speakers both do
A. They were involved in protecting the Great Wall.
B. They read some news about the old building online.
C They shot photographs of the same scenic spot.
12. What month of the year could it possibly be
A. January. B. August. C. July.
13. What did people do to protect the Great Wall according to the conversation
A. They covered parts of it with specific materials.
B. They built new walls based on the old ones.
C. They studied technology about restoring buildings.
听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。
14. What did the woman think of the film
A. It was scary. B. It was boring. C. It was exciting.
15. What is the man going to do this evening
A. Play a game. B. Watch a film. C. Visit a museum.
16. Where is the modern art museum
A. On the north side of the river.
B. Across from the man’s flat.
C. Next to Riverside Bowling.
17. When will the man probably leave his flat
A. At 6: 45 p.m. B. At 7: 00 p.m. C. At 7: 15 p.m.
听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。
18. Which areas are most at risk in the storm
A. Suburban towns. B. Downtown areas. C. Coastal neighborhoods.
19. What does the speaker suggest all listeners do
A. Protect window glass. B. Avoid driving cars. C. Leave the city.
20. Who might Julia be
A A medical rescuer. B. A weather expert. C. A traffic reporter.
第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共1小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Specialties
Welcome to LoveMama! We are a NY-based Malay, Vietnamese and Thai influenced Southeast Asian Restaurant and Caterer providing you tasty dinner in our Manhattan dining area. We also provide takeout, and catering for individuals and groups or for private events.
History
Established in 2013. With humble beginnings as a food cart, the popularity of Love Mama’s Malaysian street food boosted to opening a Manhattan restaurant in 2014.
Popular ltems
The most commonly ordered items and dishes from this restaurant are as follows: Edamame Dumpling, Korean popcorn chicken, Lucky Noodle, Steak and Bread Pudding.
Reviews
I love this place. The food, customer service and prices were all great. We ordered the RotiCanai Planta, Rendang NasiIemak with chicken. Vegetable Salad Vietnamese Style, and Uncle Plump’s Dumplings The Rendano Nasi Lemak was the highlight of the meal.
My boyfriend forgot to tell them about allergies and told them halfway as they were preparing our order. They responded really well. In the end. we even got to have a nice conversation with the owner of the restaurant. Super great guy! We were pleasantly surprised with the low price at the end of the meal too. If you are in New York, you have to check out LoveMama. Best meal I have had in a while.
——Mary Brooklin
Stopped by here for Valentine’s Day and we were not disappointed. We got 3 different dishes all from the Malaysian portion of the menu as none of us had ever had Malaysian food. The service was fast but not supper attentive, which we didn’t mind at all. For $20 each with tip and feeling full and happy, this is a spot I’d definitely recommend!
——Peter Anderson
1. Where is the LoveMama restaurant
A. In Thailand. B. In Malaysia. C. In Vietnam. D. In America.
2. What is special about this restaurant
A. It can’t provide takeout orders.
B. It has customer-friendly business strategies.
C. It operates on a first-come-first-served basis.
D. It is state-owned and runs around the clock.
3. How do Mary and Peter find this restaurant
A. Disappointing. B. Cost-effective. C. Time-honored. D. Average.
【答案】1. D 2. B 3. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。本篇文章主要讲述了LoveMama餐厅的起源、特色菜肴、餐厅亮点以及服务态度等方面。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据Specialties部分中“We are a NY-based Malay, Vietnamese and Thai influenced Southeast Asian Restaurant and Caterer providing you tasty dinner in our Manhattan dining area.(我们是一家总部位于纽约的马来、越南和泰国风味的东南亚餐厅和餐饮供应商，在我们的曼哈顿用餐区为您提供美味的晚餐)”可知，该餐厅位于美国。故选D。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Highlights from the Business部分中“Vegetarian friendly(对素食者友好)”以及其它四小点，可知该餐厅采取对顾客友好的策略，故选B。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“We were pleasantly surprised with the low price at the end of the meal too.(晚餐结束时的低价也让我们感到惊喜)”以及最后一段中“For $20 each with tip and feeling full and happy, this is a spot I’d definitely recommend!(每人20美元，外加小费，吃饱了还很开心，这是我绝对推荐的地方！)”可知，该餐厅性价比很高。故选B。
B
In the late 1990s, a family visited the public elementary school where I taught deaf students. They said they would be moving to the district and planned to enroll (报名) their deaf daughter as a first grader. They were upset that their child’s kindergarten teacher Jane cautioned them not to have high hopes for her academically. Based upon assessment results, the teacher painted a discouraging picture for their little girl’s future. Standing behind them was Fiona, a beautiful five-year -old with long shiny brown hair and dark flashing eyes. The whole time her parents were there she didn’t make a sound or use sign language, even when her parents encouraged her.
After a few weeks with Fiona, I discovered I was dealing with a very bright, very strong-willed child. Although I was able to engage her in a variety of learning activities, writing was a continual struggle. I tried all kinds of ways to interest her in writing. Every time the pencils came out, she would shut down and refuse to participate.
One day Fiona got off her bus and stood in front of the school weeping. The staff members present did not know enough sign language to ask her why she was crying. Finally they took her into the office where they handed her a pen and notepad. Fiona wrote: “PACBAK”. Immediately the office staff realized she left her backpack on the bus. They asked the bus to come back to school and soon Fiona was reunited with her backpack.
That day Fiona discovered the power of the pen. From then on, she had a new appreciation for writing. She is a young woman now and has become an excellent writer, public speaker and student leader. During her senior year in high school, Fiona became the Douglas County Rodeo Queen and the following year she enrolled at the University of Northern Colorado, determined to become a teacher. In the summer of 2008, I traveled to the National Association of the Deaf Conference in New Orleans and watched her perform competitively as Miss Deaf Colorado. Fiona keeps in touch and I especially treasure her e-mails with term papers attached. This young lady has a very powerful pen!
4. What made Fiona’s parents upset
A. Fiona’s being unable to hear anything at birth.
B. Fiona’s being refused by the elementary school.
C. Fiona failure to use the sign language properly.
D. Fiona’s possible unpromising future in Jane’s mind.
5. What was a constant challenge to the author when educating Fiona
A. Fiona’s lack of determination in learning.
B. Fiona’s extreme unwillingness to write.
C. Fiona’s bad relationship with the teacher.
D. Fiona’s incompetence in handling pencils.
6. What can we learn about Fiona
A. She treasured the e-mails from her teacher very much.
B. She travelled to New Orleans to give thanks to her teacher.
C. She succeeded as a result of her affection for writing.
D. She decided to be a writer at the University of Northern Colorado.
7. Which can be a suitable title for the text
A. Power of the Pen B. Ambition of a Deaf Girl
C. Appreciation of the Pen D. Spelling of a Backpack
【答案】4. D 5. B 6. C 7. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是记叙文。文章从教师的视角记叙了一位有听力障碍的学生Fiona，在一次意外事件中发现了写作的力量，并以此为契机成为了更好的自己。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“They were upset that their child’s kindergarten teacher Jane cautioned them not to have high hopes for her academically. Based upon assessment results, the teacher painted a discouraging picture for their little girl’s future.(孩子的幼儿园老师简告诫他们不要对孩子的学业抱有太高的期望，这让他们感到不安。根据评估结果，老师对他们小女孩的未来描绘了一幅令人沮丧的画面。)”可知，Fiona在简心中可能没有希望的未来让她的父母烦恼，故选D。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“Although I was able to engage her in a variety of learning activities, writing was a continual struggle. I tried all kinds of ways to interest her in writing. Every time the pencils came out, she would shut down and refuse to participate.(虽然我能够让她参加各种各样的学习活动，但写作是一项持续的斗争。我尝试了各种方法使她对写作产生兴趣。每次铅笔一出来，她就关门，拒绝参与。)”可知，在教育Fiona时，作者遇到的不断的困难是Fiona极度不愿意写作，故选B。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“That day Fiona discovered the power of the pen. From then on, she had a new appreciation for writing. She is a young woman now and has become an excellent writer, public speaker and student leader.(那天Fiona发现了笔的力量。从那时起，她对写作有了新的欣赏。她现在是一名年轻的女性，已经成为一名优秀的作家、演说家和学生领袖。)”并综合全段可知，由于热爱写作，她成功了，故选C。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。根据最后一段首末句“That day Fiona discovered the power of the pen. From then on, she had a new appreciation for writing.(那天Fiona发现了笔的力量。从那时起，她对写作有了新的欣赏。)”和“This young lady has a very powerful pen!(这位年轻的女士有一支很厉害的笔！)”并综合全文可知，文章讲述了有听力障碍的学生Fiona发现了用笔写作的力量，并以此为契机成为了更好的自己，因此推断A项“Power of the Pen(笔的力量)”为最佳标题，点睛且有吸引力。故选A。
C
What is the purpose of lightning The new study published at the end of April in Science found that lightning may play a bigger role in global climate change than was previously known by the scientific community.
Many are familiar with the potentially deadly dangers posed by lightning, which is blamed for an average of 43 deaths in the United States each year, based on data from 1989 to 2018. Although the odds of being struck are quite low-1 in 1, 222, 000 in a given year and 1 in 15, 300 in a lifetime many in the weather community have long urged people to take proper precautions to stay safe in storms. However, the researchers recently uncovered a surprising and beneficial impact of lightning.
The study, which included contributions from nine atmospheric researchers across a dozen universities, was based on an airborne research flight conducted by a NASA DC-8 storm-chasing plane in 2012. Researchers initially thought there was a problem with the equipment on the plane, which was being used to measure the hydroxyl radicals (羟基自由基) in the atmosphere until they realized increases they observed corresponded with lightning flashes, ABC News reported.
Hydroxyl radicals, described as a “chemical scavenger (清洗剂) ” by Science Direct, are important chemical compounds found in the atmosphere due to the reactive nature with other organic molecules (分子). Researchers previously understood that lightning could help to clean the atmosphere, but there was no evidence that it could generate compounds like these radicals. “No one has seen that much in the atmosphere from natural processes, ever,” Brune said. As a result, the study estimates that somewhere between 2% and 16% of the oxidizing (氧化), or cleaning that happens naturally in the Earth’s atmosphere, is done by lightning.
Why is this significant The oxidation process helps to reduce chemicals like carbon monoxide and methane in the atmosphere. These chemicals, known for being greenhouse gases, have been proven to contribute to rising temperatures associated with climate change. Researchers say that more studies will need to be conducted to verify the degree to which lightning contributes to the fight against global climate change.
8. What do the statistics in Para 2 tell us about lightning
A. It threatens human lives. B. It can only harm people.
C. It is a strange phenomenon. D. It happens quite frequently.
9. What led to the new discovery in the text
A. The equipment failure on the storm-chasing plane.
B. The increase of Hydroxyl radicals during lightning.
C. The lightning flashes observed by the research team.
D. The airborne research conducted by NASA scientists.
10. How does Brune feel about the finding
A. Doubtful. B. Amazed. C. Frustrated. D. Ambiguous.
11. What is the main idea of the text
A. Hydroxyl radicals clean the atmosphere.
B. Oxidizing is a natural result of lightning.
C. Lightning may help address climate change.
D. Greenhouse gases contribute to rising temperature.
【答案】8. A 9. B 10. B 11. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文介绍了最新的研究发现闪电对解决气候问题能起到积极作用。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段第一句中 “Many are familiar with the potentially deadly dangers posed by lightning, which is blamed for an average of 43 deaths in the United States each year, based on data from 1989 to 2018.”（许多人都熟悉闪电带来的潜在致命危险，根据1989年至2018年的数据，美国每年平均有43人死于闪电） 可知，闪电危及人的生命。故选A项。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“Researchers initially thought there was a problem with the equipment on the plane, which was being used to measure the hydroxyl radicals (羟基自由基) in the atmosphere until they realized increases they observed corresponded with lightning flashes.”（研究人员最初认为飞机上的设备出了问题，这些设备被用来测量大气中的羟基自由基，直到他们意识到他们观察到的增加与闪电相对应。）可知，闪电过程中羟基自由基的增加导致了新发现。故选B项。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段“No one has seen that much in the atmosphere from natural processes, ever”（从来没有人从自然过程中在大气中看到过这么多）可知，Brune对这一发现是惊讶的。故选B项。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。第一段介绍本文话题为闪电在气候中所起的作用。第二段通过介绍闪电的危害引出最新的研究发现闪电有益处。第三至五段则围绕最新研究介绍其发现过程以及闪电如何在解决气候问题中发挥作用。所以短文是关于闪电可能有助于应对气候变化。故选C项。
D
Computer games have seriously caught the attention of Mass Media. The increasing amount of games with violent scenes socks the society and makes it very aware of them. The fact that violent games cause violence in people is not even doubted by most people. Some say that the reason lies in games being too close to reality. But is it justified only according to the external similarity of these two worlds
Games originally are entertainment. Contemporary games are very realistic and for this reason they are a source of great experience for the player and develop the imagination. Games are more than entertainment. The research of the New York University led by Green and Bavelier claims that the player preferring active games get an improvement of some types of brain activity, related to processing of visual information. In particular, game players cope with problems of simultaneously (同时地) tracking several moving objects at the average level of 30% better than people who do not play active computer video games. A game is an abstraction. A player gets abstract tasks and acts according to abstract rules. Games are also the possibility to be whoever a person wants to be and to rest from the outside world for some time.
But what if a person gets so much excited with the game scenes that he becomes violent in reality Then, it proves that the games cause people to become violent. A psychologically healthy person will never confuse or connect these two different worlds. A game is a virtual world with visual images very similar to human. These images represent by themselves nothing but simple playing obstacles. A game may potentially give the opportunity to “destroy the obstacles” that may not be destroyed according to the rules, but it is more about personal choice whether to do it or not. This leads us to the conclusion that violence is not a consequence but the cause. People who originally tend to violence may get annoyed by games and perform violence in the “real world”. In this case violence in games is a simple justification of the violent nature of the player.
12. Which of the following best explains “sock” underlined in Para. 1
A. Transform. B. Strike. C. Interest. D. Confuse.
13. What can we learn from the research carried out by Green and Bavelier
A. Games can promote some kinds of brain activity.
B. Games can give people space to be themselves.
C. Games can be a source of great experience.
D. Games can help players solve problems.
14. Which of the following accounts for violence in real life
A. Abstract violent tasks. B. Violent visual images.
C. Realistic computer games. D. Individuals’ violent nature.
15. What is the best title for the text
A. Violence: Not a Consequence of Games B. Violence: Not a Justification of Players
C. Games: The Violent Virtual Reality D. Games: The Cause of Violence
【答案】12. B 13. A 14. D 15. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章主要说明了暴力行为的原因不是游戏，而是暴力天性。
【12题详解】
词义猜测题，根据文章第一段“Computer games have seriously caught the attention of Mass Media.(电脑游戏已经严重地引起了大众媒体的注意。)”和下文“and makes it very aware of them.(并让它非常清楚地意识到它们。)”可知，大量暴力游戏充斥着社会，并让社会清楚地意识到它们。由此猜测，划线词意为“充斥”，与strike（袭击，侵袭）同义。可引申为使社会印象深刻，故选B项。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段“The research of the New York University led by Green and Bavelier claim that the player preferring active games get an improvement of some types of brain activity, related to processing of visual information.(由Green和Bavelier领导的纽约大学的研究声称，喜欢活跃游戏的玩家可以提高某些类型的大脑活动，与视觉信息的处理有关。)”可知，从Green和Bavelier的研究中我们能得知，游戏可以促进某些类型的大脑活动。故选A项。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据后一段“This leads us to the conclusion that violence is not a consequence but the cause. People who are originally prone to violence may get irritated by games and perform violence in the “real world”. In this case violence in games is a simple justification of the violent nature of the player(这使我们得出结论，暴力不是结果，而是原因。原本有暴力倾向的人可能会被游戏激怒，在“现实世界”中实施暴力。在这种情况下，游戏中的暴力只是为玩家的暴力本性辩护)”可知，现实中的暴力原因在于一个人的暴力天性。故选D项。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。本文主要讲游戏和暴力之间的关系，第一段引出主题，第二段介绍游戏的功能与优点，第三段说明游戏和暴力之间的关系。根据文章最后一段“People who are originally prone to violence may get irritated by games and perform violence in the “real world”. In this case violence in games is a simple justification of the violent nature of the player.(原本有暴力倾向的人可能会被游戏激怒，在“现实世界”中实施暴力。在这种情况下，游戏中的暴力只是为玩家的暴力本性辩护。)”可知，有暴力倾向的人本身就会因为游戏而被激怒并在现实生活中实施暴力行为，其根本原因不是由暴力游戏引起，所以A选项“暴力：不是游戏的结果”能概括全文内容，适合用作文章标题。故选A项。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
How to Organize Your Digital Files
Searching for a file on your computer is a whole lot easier than digging through a pile of papers, yet it’s far from being a perfect system. Lately, it’s been hit-or-miss for me. ____16____ I hope some of these tips will help you.
Use “resources”, “in progress”, “final”, and “scrap” folders for projects.
There are plenty of ways to title your subfolders for projects, but one of the most intuitive(使用简便的) is to have folders for stages of your project. ____17____
The “resources” folder is for things like images, documents, and other items that are needed to complete your project. ____18____“Final,” as you might imagine, is for the project files once the project has been approved and is done. “Scrap” is for anything you want to save from the project that doesn’t belong in the “final” folder.
____19____
It’s near impossible to find a photo quickly when you have thousands of photos all named something like “20211108_0978234.jpg.” So for photos, I like to have a date structure and folders for key events or categories, such as: 2021 ＞01 (for the month)＞2021-01 Mom and Dad 50 Anniversary LA. This way, you can either browse your photos by year and month or search for folders that include “Mom”, “Dad”, “Anniversary”, or “LA.”
Use tags.
In addition to creating a folder structure that works for you, consider tagging files. ____20____ Say, for example, you want to see all of your photos for all of your holiday celebrations. You can set up a tag for “holidays.” And then to narrow down the results, you can search using the tag.
A. With tags, you can connect multiple files across folders.
B. For photos, use a date structure and keywords for your folders.
C. This way, you can always know which is the final project file to grab.
D. The standards will keep files organized and make them easier on the eye.
E. “In progress” is for the current working version or versions of the project.
F. To find files more efficiently, I’ve been rearranging my digital filing system.
G. Move your photos to a more specific folder or back them up on an external storage device.
【答案】16. F 17. C 18. E 19. B 20. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了如何组织数字文件。
【16题详解】
根据“Searching for a file on your computer is a whole lot easier than digging through a pile of papers, yet it’s far from being a perfect system. Lately, it’s been hit-or-miss for me. (在你的电脑上搜索一个文件比翻一堆文件要容易得多，但它远不是一个完美的系统。最近，这对我来说是一触即发)”以及空后“ I hope some of these tips will help you.(我希望这些建议对你有所帮助)”可知，空处承上启下，表明作者对如何能够有效的找到电脑上的文件做了一些操作。F项“为了更有效地查找文件，我一直在重新安排我的数字文件系统。”符合语境。故选F。
【17题详解】
根据“There are plenty of ways to title your subfolders for projects, but one of the most intuitive(使用简便的) is to have folders for stages of your project.(有很多方法可以为项目的子文件夹命名，但最直观的方法之一是为项目的各个阶段设置文件夹)”可知，空处总结前面给出的方法所带来的好处，为项目的各个阶段设置文件夹最终能够让你随时知道要获取的文件是哪个。C项“这样，您就可以随时知道要获取的最终项目文件是哪个。”符合语境。C项中的this way指代前文中的“one of the most intuitive”这种最简便的方法之一。故选C。
【18题详解】
根据“Use “resources”, “in progress”, “final”, and “scrap” folders for projects.(对项目使用“资源”、“进行中”、“最终”和“废弃”文件夹)”以及第三段的内容可知，本段详细的介绍了这几种文件夹。按顺序，The “resources” folder和“Final,” 之间是“in progress”。所以本空是对“in progress”这种文件夹的介绍。E项““进行中”文件夹用于项目的当前工作版本。”符合语境。故选E。
【19题详解】
根据“It’s near impossible to find a photo quickly when you have thousands of photos all named something like “20211108_0978234.jpg.” So for photos, I like to have a date structure and folders for key events or categories, such as: 2021 ＞01 (for the month)＞2021-01 Mom and Dad 50 Anniversary LA. (当你有数千张照片都命名为“20211108_0978234.jpg”时，几乎不可能很快找到一张照片。因此，对于照片，我喜欢为关键事件或类别设置日期结构和文件夹，例如：2021＞01（月份）＞2021-01妈妈和爸爸50周年纪念洛杉矶)”可知，本段讲述如何设置储存照片的文件夹。B项“对于照片，请为文件夹使用日期结构和关键字。”适合作本段的标题。B项中的photos在下文中得到了复现。故选B。
【20题详解】
根据大标题“Use tags.(使用标记)”以及“In addition to creating a folder structure that works for you, consider tagging files.(除了创建适合您的文件夹结构外，还可以考虑标记文件)”可知，本段所给建议为标记文件。空处表明使用标记的好处。A项“使用标记，可以跨文件夹连接多个文件。”符合语境。A项中的With tags和前文中的consider tagging files想呼应。故选A。
第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下列短文，从每小题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。
Amy Taylor had weathered some tough years. Her husband suffered a lot from kidney failure and in 2020, the poor mother ____21____ her job in the economic depression.
During the spring break, her 14-year old daughter, Emily Moore, took a part-time job, and ____22____ minimum wage. But before she could spend the money, Emily had an idea. The news in Kansas City that week had been filled with stories about a police officer, Jimmy Moss, who was badly hurt in a car accident in the line of duly He was in ____23____ condition. Emily and her unemployed mother had never forgotten how ____24____ the police had been when Taylor was robbed in the street one day. Emily decided to ____25____ the money to Officer Moss’s family. Her mom ____26____ agreed.
Taylor called the police and made an anonymous (匿名的) donation. Moved by her ____27____ expression of thanks, the officers did what they do best— they ____28____ Taylor. When she explained the family’s ____29____, the officers could hardly believe it. “With her current financial ____30____, we encouraged her to keep the money,” the department later explained. “She ____31____, saying the officer’s family needed it and the police needed to know they were ____32____.”
By then, that feeling of support was mutual. The police set up a GoFundMe page for Taylor, whom they named “The Woman with the Heart of Gold.” As of January 11, 2023, they had ____33____ $165,405. Even better: Officer Moss, who had a 1 percent chance of ____34____, is out of the hospital and ____35____.
21. A. changed B. lost C. quit D. finished
22. A. offered B. suggested C. set D. earned
23. A. critical B. rare C. stable D. fair
24. A. annoyed B. nice C. disappointed D. wise
25. A. lend B. pass C. donate D. show
26. A. temporarily B. hesitantly C. readily D. cautiously
27. A. generous B. distant C. written D. public
28. A. came across B. tracked down C. turned to D. calmed down
29. A. motivation B. faith C. tradition D. principle
30. A. credit B. security C. service D. hardship
31. A. agreed B. complained C. refused D. guessed
32. A. supported B. promised C. treated D. defeated
33. A. kept B. added C. taken D. raised
34. A. promotion B. survival C. freedom D. growth
35. A. regretting B. collapsing C. recovering D. escaping
【答案】21. B 22. D 23. A 24. B 25. C 26. C 27. A 28. B 29. A 30. D 31. C 32. A 33. D 34. B 35. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了 Amy Taylor 一家和警察相互支持的故事。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她的丈夫患了很多肾衰竭，2020年，这位可怜的母亲在经济萧条中失去了工作。A. changed 改变；B. lost 失去；C. quit 辞去；D. finished完成。根据下文“Emily and her unemployed mother”可知，Amy Taylor失业了。故选B。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在春假期间，她 14 岁的女儿兼职挣了一点钱。A. offered提供；B. suggested 建议；C. set 设置；D. earned 挣。根据后文“minimum wage”指挣钱，应用earn。故选D。
【23题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他目前情况危急。A. critical严重的，危险的；B. rare稀少的； C. stable稳定的；D. fair公平的，合理的。根据上文“Jimmy Moss, who was badly hurt in a car accident in the line of duty.”可推知，此处指这位警察伤情很严重，情况很危急。故选A。
【24题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：艾米丽和她失业的母亲永远不会忘记，当泰勒有一天在街上被抢劫时，这个警察是多么的好心。A. annoyed厌烦的；B. nice好心的；C. disappointed失望的；D. wise睿智的。 根据下文“the police had been when Taylor was robbed in the street one day”可推知，此处指警察非常好，帮助了他们。故选B。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：艾米丽决定把钱捐给莫斯警官的家人。A. lend借出；B. pass传递；C. donate捐赠；D. show显示，出示。根据下文“made an anonymous donation”可知， Emily 决定将她挣的钱捐给了Moss警官一家。故选C。
【26题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：她的妈妈欣然同意。A. temporarily暂时地，临时地；B. hesitantly迟疑地；C. readily乐意地，欣然地；D. cautiously 谨慎地。根据下文“Taylor called the police and made an anonymous (匿名的) donation.”可知妈妈欣然同意她捐款。故选C。
【27题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：被她慷慨的表达感谢所感动，警察们做了他们最擅长的事——他们找到了泰勒。A. generous慷慨大方的；B. distant遥远的，疏远的；C. written书面的；D. public 公共的，公开的。由上文“ made an anonymous (匿名的) donation”可知，Taylor捐赠了钱，说明她表达感谢的方式很慷慨。故选A。
【28题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：被她慷慨的表达感谢所感动，警察们做了他们最擅长的事——他们找到了泰勒。A. came across无意中发现；B. tracked down 追踪，找到；C. turned to转向，求助；D. calmed down使平静，镇静。根据后文“When she explained the family’s 9 , the officers could hardly believe it.”可知，警察找到了Taylor。故选B。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当她解释全家人的动机时，警官们几乎不敢相信。A. motivation动力，动机；B. faith信念；C. tradition传统；D. principle行为准则。根据后文“the officers could hardly believe it.”可知，Taylor解释了一家人的捐赠动机，警官不敢相信。故选A。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：“鉴于她目前经济困难，我们鼓励她保留这笔钱。”这个部门后来说。A. credit信用，学分；B. security安全；C. service服务；D. hardship困难，困苦。由上文“Her husband suffered a lot ...her job in the economic depression.”可推知她目前经济困难。故选D。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她拒绝了，说受伤警察的家人需要这钱，并且警察也需要知道他们被支持。A. agreed同意，赞成；B. complained 抱怨；C. refused拒绝；D. guessed猜测。由下文“saying the officer’s family needed it”可推知，她拒绝了警察的建议。故选C。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她拒绝了，说受伤警察的家人需要这钱，并且警察也需要知道他们被支持。A. supported 支持；B. promised许诺；C. treated对待；D. defeated打败。根据上文“She 11 , the police needed to know they were”可知，Taylor拒绝拿回捐赠的钱，说警察需要这些钱，也需要知道她们都支持他们，应用support。故选A。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：截至2023年1月11日，他们筹集了165405美元。A. kept保存；B. added增加；C. taken拿走； D. raised 筹集。由上文“The police set up a GoFundMe page”可推知，他们建立了基金会，筹集资金，已经筹集了 165405 美元。故选D。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：更好的是：Moss警官，只有 1%的存活机会，现在已经出院了，正在恢复。A. promotion晋升，促进，促销；B. survival生存，存活；C. freedom自由；D. growth成长。根据后文“is out of the hospital”可知，这里指存活机会，故选B。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：更好的是：Moss警官，只有 1%的存活机会，现在已经出院了，正在恢复。A. regretting 后悔，遗憾；B. collapsing 倒塌，倒下；C. recovering恢复，康复；D. escaping 逃离，逃避。根据上文“is out of the hospital and”可知，尽管只有 1%的存活机会，现在已经出院了，在恢复中。故选C。
第二节语篇填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或所给单词的正确形式。
Acting was, is and always will be the first love of the National Peking Opera Company’s new vice-president, Tian Lei, Chen Nan reports.
Huguosi Street was one of Beijing’s ____36____ (busy) commercial roads in the olden days. It also ____37____ (house) the residence of Peking Opera master Mei Lanfang (1894-1961). Not far from Mei’s address, the first theater for Peking Opera ____38____(perform) was created in 1954, five years after the founding of the People’s Republic of China.
The neighborhood ____39____ (change) over the decades, but the theater still stands tall and is ____40____(current) managed by the National Peking Opera Company. Tian Lei treasures the hours he spends there, training and rehearsing (排练). Wearing a costume and ____41____ (arm) with a prop spear (道具长矛), the 42-year -old walks confidently across the stage, ____42____ (practise) a variety of martial art movements, before ending the drill with a liangxiang (striking a pose on the stage).
Tian has been working with the opera company for 10 years. Its premises (处所) are ____43____ 10 -minute drive from the theater and his colleagues train there. He, however, prefers the historic stage. “I come to the theater almost every day because I enjoy the peace and emptiness this building offers. Rehearsing here helps me feel closer ____44____the Peking Opera masters ____45____ once graced the stage,” he says.
【答案】36. busiest
37. housed 38. performances
39. has changed
40. currently
41. armed 42. practising
43. a 44. to
45. who##that
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了京剧的发展和国家京剧公司新任副总裁田磊从事京剧演艺的经历。
36题详解】
考查形容词的最高级。句意：古时候，护国寺街是北京最繁忙的商业道路之一。分析句意再根据“one of+形容词最高级+复数名词”可知，此处应该用形容词的最高级形式。故填busiest。
【37题详解】
考查动词的时态。句意：它也是京剧大师梅兰芳(1894-1961)的住所。分析句式结构可知，空格处是谓语动词，根据上文中的was可知，本句的时态为一般过去时。故填housed。
【38题详解】
考查名词。句意：在离梅家不远的地方，1954年，也就是中华人民共和国成立五年后，第一家京剧表演剧院成立了。分析句式结构可知，此处用名词作介词的宾语，此处performance“表演”是可数名词，且前面没有冠词，所以用复数形式表泛指。故填performances。
【39题详解】
考查动词的时态。句意：几十年来，这个社区已经发生了变化，但剧院仍然屹立不倒，目前由国家京剧团管理。根据本句的时间状语over the decades可知，本句的时态应该用现在完成时，主语The neighborhood是第三人称单数，所以助动词用has。故填has changed。
【40题详解】
考查副词。句意同上。分析句式结构可知，修饰动词managed应该用副词。故填currently。
【41题详解】
考查固定短语。句意：42岁的他穿着戏服，手持道具矛，自信地走在舞台上，练习各种武术动作，最后以一个“亮相”(在舞台上摆出一个姿势)结束练习。分析句意再根据提示词可知，此处用固定短语be armed with表示“装备有、配备有”，再分析句式结构，此处应省去be，用过去作状语。故填armed。
【42题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意同上。分析句式结构可知，此处用非谓语动词作状语，又因为practise和逻辑主语the 42-year -old之间是主动关系，所以用现在分词作状语表主动关系。故填practising。
【43题详解】
考查冠词。句意：田先生已经在剧团工作了10年。那里距离剧院有10分钟车程，他的同事们也在那里训练。分析句意可知，此处drive是名词，且10-minute以辅音因素开头，所以用冠词a泛指一个“10分钟车程”。故填a。
【44题详解】
考查介词。句意：“在这里排演让我感觉更接近曾经登上舞台的京剧大师，”他说。分析句意再根据空格前的closer可知，此处用介词to构成固定搭配closer to表示“更接近”符合语境。故填to。
【45题详解】
考查定语从句。句意同上。分析句式结构可知，此处是定语从句，先行词Peking Opera masters指人，且从句中缺少主语，所以用关系代词who/that来引导。故填who/that。
第四部分写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
46. 上周末你参加了校学生会组织的“认识我们身边的植物”活动。请为校英文报写篇报道，内容包括：
1. 活动的过程；
2. 收获与感想。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。
Getting to Know the Plants Around Us
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】 Getting to Know the Plants Around Us
Last weekend, I participated in a “Getting to Know the Plants Around Us” activity organised by our Students’ Union.
The activity began with a lecture by a local botanist, who taught us about the different characteristics and uses of various plant species. We then went on a natural walk to observe and collect samples of different plants. Throughout the event, I was struck by the incredible variety of plants that exist in our world and learned about plants that are used for medical purposes, as well as those that provide food and shelter for animals. I also gained a greater appreciation for the role that plants play in maintaining the balance of our ecosystem.
Overall, it was a valuable and enriching experience.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生为校英文报写篇报道，介绍上周末校学生会组织的“认识我们身边的植物”活动。
【详解】1. 词汇积累
参与：participate in → attend
开始：begin → start
观察，调查：observe → survey
震惊：strike → astonish/surprise
2. 句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句： Last weekend, I participated in a “Getting to Know the Plants Around Us” activity organised by our Students’ Union.
拓展句： Last weekend, I participated in a “Getting to Know the Plants Around Us” activity organised by our Students’ Union, which benefited me a lot.
【点睛】【高分句型1】The activity began with a lecture by a local botanist, who taught us about the different characteristics and uses of various plant species.（运用了who引导的非限制性定语从句）
【高分句型2】Throughout the event, I was struck by the incredible variety of plants that exist in our world and learned about plants that are used for medical purposes, as well as those that provide food and shelter for animals.（运用了一般过去时的被动语态和定语从句）
第二节写作(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Be a Star of Your Own Movie
I always loved the movies. It didn’t even matter if I went to see them alone. In the movies, nothing seemed impossible: I became the star of the cheerleading team who leads her team to victory, or the teenager who bridges the gap between the races at her high school, or even the young woman who falls in love with a handsome nobleman from the nineteenth century. And I would always live happily ever after.
In fact, I liked to pretend what was happening on-screen was happening in my own life as well. I liked the happy endings, the perfect happy endings. I wanted my life to be like that, happy and wonderful. I wanted to escape the stress of family and friends and school. My only escape from the reality that trapped me was heading for a movie theatre.
I hadn’t always been this way. As a young girl I was outgoing and friendly, and even involved in after-school activities. High school was different, though. I became quiet and withdrawn.
My parents were worried about me. They urged me to call old friends or get more involved with school. After promising my parents a thousand times that I would call one of my old friends, I finally agreed. The only number I knew by heart was Sarah’s, so I called her. Sarah herself was pretty close to perfect: straight-A student, class president, off to Yale in the fall, beautiful, sweet, brilliant. We decided to meet fora pizza lunch.
We ate and talked and caught up on old times. I told her how difficult it had been for me in the past few years and how unbearable the pressure had been. “I wish my life was the way it is in the movies,” I sighed, “I would be so much easier.” I looked down through my fingers, face in my hands. “I understand,” she said. I looked up at her, questioning her with my eyes.
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右;
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
She explained she used to escape her realities by doing the same thing.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Inspired by her words, I decided that I would produce my own life story.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】 She explained she used to escape her realities by doing the same thing. “Then one day,” Sarah explained, “I started to think about why I wanted to be like the people in the movies.” And then it occurred to me that they had their scripts already written out for them. However, I had the ability to write my own script. “If I had the power to determine the plot of my life movie, then why wouldn’t I make it an inspiring one, a movie with a happy ending ” she said. “You are the star of your own movie. Now all you need is your story.” she added.
Inspired by her words, I decided that I would produce my own life story. No other actress could fill my role. It was up to me to produce, direct and edit my life. I would set my own goals I was capable of achieving from now on. There can be no success without the possibility of failure. The only sure way of failing is by refusing to try. I looked over at Sarah, and said “Thank you”, squeezing her hand. The curtain rose, and my film began.
【解析】
【导语】本文以作者对电影的喜爱为线索展开。作者是一名高中生，在面对生活和学业中各种压力和挫折时，不能积极应对，而是选择沉溺于电影中人物的完美结局来逃避现实。最后在好朋友的开导下，作者认识到自己的人生电影应该由自己主导，剧本应该由自己撰写，与其逃避现实，不如直面人生，勇于尝试，做自己电影中的主角。
【详解】1.段落续写
①由第一段首句内容“她解释说，她过去常常通过做同样的事情来逃避现实。”可知，优秀的 Sarah 曾经也做了同样的事情来逃避现实。故续写内容可围绕 Sarah 如何转变态度和做法，并以自身经历开导启发作者展开。
②由第二段首句内容“受她的启发，我决定创作自己的人生故事。”可知，作者深受 Sarah 话语的鼓舞和激励。故续写内容可围绕作者心态的转变和立志做自己人生电影的主角展开。
2.续写线索
解释——谈及自己的经历——受到启发——心态转变——立志
3. 词汇激活
行动类
①考虑：think about /consider/ponder/mediate
②某人突然想起：occur to sb. /strike sb.
③确定，决定：determine/select/make
情绪类
①鼓舞人心的：inspiring/encouraging/ennobling
②快乐的：happy/joyful/delightful
【点睛】【高分句型1】
If I had the power to determine the plot of my life movie, then why wouldn’t I make it an inspiring one, a movie with a happy ending （运用了虚拟语气）
【高分句型2】Inspired by her words, I decided that I would produce my own life story. （运用了过去分词作状语，that引导宾语从句）
听力答案：1-5：ABACC 6-10：BCABC 11-15：CAABA 16-20：CABBC长沙市南雅中学高三年级2023下学期入学检测
英语
时量：120分钟 总分：150分
第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What is the woman dissatisfied with
A. The man’s clothing. B. The man’s lateness. C. The travel time.
2 What is the probable relationship between the speakers
A. Shop assistant and customer.
B. Bus driver and passenger.
C. Tour guide and visitor.
3. What are the speakers mainly talking about
A. The man’s travel arrangements.
B. Some changes in the flight schedule.
C. The best transportation to different cities.
4. How does the woman sound
A. Relieved. B. Annoyed. C. Guilty.
5. Why does the woman go running in the morning
A. She is training for a race.
B. She is trying to lose weight.
C. She has a new working schedule.
第二节
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. Where are the speakers
A. In a shop. B. In a restaurant. C. In an office.
7 What does the man want to do
A. Do some work. B. Have a meal. C. Shop for gifts.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8. What are the speakers doing
A. Climbing a hill. B. Training for a marathon. C. Camping in the woods.
9. What happened to the man
A. He fell into a river.
B. He thought he was injured.
C. He was too tired to move on.
10. What will the speakers probably do next
A. Stop for a rest. B. See a doctor. C. Finish the race.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11. What did the speakers both do
A. They were involved in protecting the Great Wall.
B. They read some news about the old building online.
C. They shot photographs of the same scenic spot.
12. What month of the year could it possibly be
A. January. B. August. C. July.
13. What did people do to protect the Great Wall according to the conversation
A. They covered parts of it with specific materials.
B. They built new walls based on the old ones.
C. They studied technology about restoring buildings.
听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。
14. What did the woman think of the film
A. It was scary. B. It was boring. C. It was exciting.
15. What is the man going to do this evening
A. Play a game. B. Watch a film. C. Visit a museum.
16. Where is the modern art museum
A. On the north side of the river.
B. Across from the man’s flat.
C. Next to Riverside Bowling.
17. When will the man probably leave his flat
A. At 6: 45 p.m. B. At 7: 00 p.m. C. At 7: 15 p.m.
听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。
18. Which areas are most at risk in the storm
A. Suburban towns. B. Downtown areas. C. Coastal neighborhoods.
19. What does the speaker suggest all listeners do
A. Protect window glass. B. Avoid driving cars. C. Leave the city.
20. Who might Julia be
A. A medical rescuer. B. A weather expert. C. A traffic reporter.
第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共1小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Specialties
Welcome to LoveMama! We are a NY-based Malay, Vietnamese and Thai influenced Southeast Asian Restaurant and Caterer providing you tasty dinner in our Manhattan dining area. We also provide takeout, and catering for individuals and groups or for private events.
History
Established in 2013. With humble beginnings as a food cart, the popularity of Love Mama’s Malaysian street food boosted to opening a Manhattan restaurant in 2014.
Popular ltems
The most commonly ordered items and dishes from this restaurant are as follows: Edamame Dumpling, Korean popcorn chicken, Lucky Noodle, Steak and Bread Pudding.
Reviews
I love this place. The food, customer service and prices were all great. We ordered the RotiCanai Planta, Rendang NasiIemak with chicken. Vegetable Salad Vietnamese Style, and Uncle Plump’s Dumplings The Rendano Nasi Lemak was the highlight of the meal.
My boyfriend forgot to tell them about allergies and told them halfway as they were preparing our order. They responded really well. In the end. we even got to have a nice conversation with the owner of the restaurant. Super great guy! We were pleasantly surprised with the low price at the end of the meal too. If you are in New York, you have to check out LoveMama. Best meal I have had in a while.
——Mary Brooklin
Stopped by here for Valentine’s Day and we were not disappointed. We got 3 different dishes all from the Malaysian portion of the menu as none of us had ever had Malaysian food. The service was fast but not supper attentive, which we didn’t mind at all. For $20 each with tip and feeling full and happy, this is a spot I’d definitely recommend!
——Peter Anderson
1. Where is the LoveMama restaurant
A. In Thailand. B. In Malaysia. C. In Vietnam. D. In America.
2. What is special about this restaurant
A It can’t provide takeout orders.
B It has customer-friendly business strategies.
C. It operates on a first-come-first-served basis.
D. It is state-owned and runs around the clock.
3. How do Mary and Peter find this restaurant
A. Disappointing. B. Cost-effective. C. Time-honored. D. Average.
B
In the late 1990s, a family visited the public elementary school where I taught deaf students. They said they would be moving to the district and planned to enroll (报名) their deaf daughter as a first grader. They were upset that their child’s kindergarten teacher Jane cautioned them not to have high hopes for her academically. Based upon assessment results, the teacher painted a discouraging picture for their little girl’s future. Standing behind them was Fiona, a beautiful five-year -old with long shiny brown hair and dark flashing eyes. The whole time her parents were there she didn’t make a sound or use sign language, even when her parents encouraged her.
After a few weeks with Fiona, I discovered I was dealing with a very bright, very strong-willed child. Although I was able to engage her in a variety of learning activities, writing was a continual struggle. I tried all kinds of ways to interest her in writing. Every time the pencils came out, she would shut down and refuse to participate.
One day Fiona got off her bus and stood in front of the school, weeping. The staff members present did not know enough sign language to ask her why she was crying. Finally they took her into the office where they handed her a pen and notepad. Fiona wrote: “PACBAK”. Immediately the office staff realized she left her backpack on the bus. They asked the bus to come back to school and soon Fiona was reunited with her backpack.
That day Fiona discovered the power of the pen. From then on, she had a new appreciation for writing. She is a young woman now and has become an excellent writer, public speaker and student leader. During her senior year in high school, Fiona became the Douglas County Rodeo Queen and the following year she enrolled at the University of Northern Colorado, determined to become a teacher. In the summer of 2008, I traveled to the National Association of the Deaf Conference in New Orleans and watched her perform competitively as Miss Deaf Colorado. Fiona keeps in touch and I especially treasure her e-mails with term papers attached. This young lady has a very powerful pen!
4. What made Fiona’s parents upset
A. Fiona’s being unable to hear anything at birth.
B. Fiona’s being refused by the elementary school.
C. Fiona failure to use the sign language properly.
D. Fiona’s possible unpromising future in Jane’s mind.
5. What was a constant challenge to the author when educating Fiona
A. Fiona’s lack of determination in learning.
B. Fiona’s extreme unwillingness to write.
C. Fiona’s bad relationship with the teacher.
D. Fiona’s incompetence in handling pencils.
6. What can we learn about Fiona
A. She treasured the e-mails from her teacher very much.
B. She travelled to New Orleans to give thanks to her teacher.
C. She succeeded as a result of her affection for writing.
D. She decided to be a writer at the University of Northern Colorado.
7. Which can be a suitable title for the text
A. Power of the Pen B. Ambition of a Deaf Girl
C. Appreciation of the Pen D. Spelling of a Backpack
C
What is the purpose of lightning The new study published at the end of April in Science found that lightning may play a bigger role in global climate change than was previously known by the scientific community.
Many are familiar with the potentially deadly dangers posed by lightning, which is blamed for an average of 43 deaths in the United States each year, based on data from 1989 to 2018. Although the odds of being struck are quite low-1 in 1, 222, 000 in a given year and 1 in 15, 300 in a lifetime many in the weather community have long urged people to take proper precautions to stay safe in storms. However, the researchers recently uncovered a surprising and beneficial impact of lightning.
The study, which included contributions from nine atmospheric researchers across a dozen universities, was based on an airborne research flight conducted by a NASA DC-8 storm-chasing plane in 2012. Researchers initially thought there was a problem with the equipment on the plane, which was being used to measure the hydroxyl radicals (羟基自由基) in the atmosphere until they realized increases they observed corresponded with lightning flashes, ABC News reported.
Hydroxyl radicals, described as a “chemical scavenger (清洗剂) ” by Science Direct, are important chemical compounds found in the atmosphere due to the reactive nature with other organic molecules (分子). Researchers previously understood that lightning could help to clean the atmosphere, but there was no evidence that it could generate compounds like these radicals. “No one has seen that much in the atmosphere from natural processes, ever,” Brune said. As a result, the study estimates that somewhere between 2% and 16% of the oxidizing (氧化), or cleaning that happens naturally in the Earth’s atmosphere, is done by lightning.
Why is this significant The oxidation process helps to reduce chemicals like carbon monoxide and methane in the atmosphere. These chemicals, known for being greenhouse gases, have been proven to contribute to rising temperatures associated with climate change. Researchers say that more studies will need to be conducted to verify the degree to which lightning contributes to the fight against global climate change.
8. What do the statistics in Para 2 tell us about lightning
A. It threatens human lives. B. It can only harm people.
C. It is a strange phenomenon. D. It happens quite frequently.
9. What led to the new discovery in the text
A. The equipment failure on the storm-chasing plane.
B. The increase of Hydroxyl radicals during lightning.
C. The lightning flashes observed by the research team.
D. The airborne research conducted by NASA scientists.
10. How does Brune feel about the finding
A. Doubtful. B. Amazed. C. Frustrated. D. Ambiguous.
11. What is the main idea of the text
A. Hydroxyl radicals clean the atmosphere.
B. Oxidizing is a natural result of lightning.
C. Lightning may help address climate change.
D. Greenhouse gases contribute to rising temperature.
D
Computer games have seriously caught the attention of Mass Media. The increasing amount of games with violent scenes socks the society and makes it very aware of them. The fact that violent games cause violence in people is not even doubted by most people. Some say that the reason lies in games being too close to reality. But is it justified only according to the external similarity of these two worlds
Games originally are entertainment. Contemporary games are very realistic and for this reason they are a source of great experience for the player and develop the imagination. Games are more than entertainment. The research of the New York University led by Green and Bavelier claims that the player preferring active games get an improvement of some types of brain activity, related to processing of visual information. In particular, game players cope with problems of simultaneously (同时地) tracking several moving objects at the average level of 30% better than people who do not play active computer video games. A game is an abstraction. A player gets abstract tasks and acts according to abstract rules. Games are also the possibility to be whoever a person wants to be and to rest from the outside world for some time.
But what if a person gets so much excited with the game scenes that he becomes violent in reality Then, it proves that the games cause people to become violent. A psychologically healthy person will never confuse or connect these two different worlds. A game is a virtual world with visual images very similar to human. These images represent by themselves nothing but simple playing obstacles. A game may potentially give the opportunity to “destroy the obstacles” that may not be destroyed according to the rules, but it is more about personal choice whether to do it or not. This leads us to the conclusion that violence is not a consequence but the cause. People who originally tend to violence may get annoyed by games and perform violence in the “real world”. In this case violence in games is a simple justification of the violent nature of the player.
12. Which of the following best explains “sock” underlined in Para. 1
A. Transform. B. Strike. C. Interest. D. Confuse.
13. What can we learn from the research carried out by Green and Bavelier
A. Games can promote some kinds of brain activity.
B. Games can give people space to be themselves.
C. Games can be a source of great experience.
D. Games can help players solve problems.
14. Which of the following accounts for violence in real life
A. Abstract violent tasks. B. Violent visual images.
C. Realistic computer games. D. Individuals’ violent nature.
15. What is the best title for the text
A. Violence: Not a Consequence of Games B. Violence: Not a Justification of Players
C. Games: The Violent Virtual Reality D. Games: The Cause of Violence
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
How to Organize Your Digital Files
Searching for a file on your computer is a whole lot easier than digging through a pile of papers, yet it’s far from being a perfect system. Lately, it’s been hit-or-miss for me. ____16____ I hope some of these tips will help you.
Use “resources”, “in progress”, “final”, and “scrap” folders for projects.
There are plenty of ways to title your subfolders for projects, but one of the most intuitive(使用简便的) is to have folders for stages of your project. ____17____
The “resources” folder is for things like images, documents, and other items that are needed to complete your project. ____18____“Final,” as you might imagine, is for the project files once the project has been approved and is done. “Scrap” is for anything you want to save from the project that doesn’t belong in the “final” folder.
____19____
It’s near impossible to find a photo quickly when you have thousands of photos all named something like “20211108_0978234.jpg.” So for photos, I like to have a date structure and folders for key events or categories, such as: 2021 ＞01 (for the month)＞2021-01 Mom and Dad 50 Anniversary LA. This way, you can either browse your photos by year and month or search for folders that include “Mom”, “Dad”, “Anniversary”, or “LA.”
Use tags.
In addition to creating a folder structure that works for you, consider tagging files. ____20____ Say, for example, you want to see all of your photos for all of your holiday celebrations. You can set up a tag for “holidays.” And then to narrow down the results, you can search using the tag.
A. With tags, you can connect multiple files across folders.
B. For photos, use a date structure and keywords for your folders.
C. This way, you can always know which is the final project file to grab.
D. The standards will keep files organized and make them easier on the eye.
E. “In progress” is for the current working version or versions of the project.
F. To find files more efficiently, I’ve been rearranging my digital filing system.
G. Move your photos to a more specific folder or back them up on an external storage device.
第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下列短文，从每小题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。
Amy Taylor had weathered some tough years. Her husband suffered a lot from kidney failure and in 2020, the poor mother ____21____ her job in the economic depression.
During the spring break, her 14-year old daughter, Emily Moore, took a part-time job, and ____22____ minimum wage. But before she could spend the money, Emily had an idea. The news in Kansas City that week had been filled with stories about a police officer, Jimmy Moss, who was badly hurt in a car accident in the line of duly He was in ____23____ condition. Emily and her unemployed mother had never forgotten how ____24____ the police had been when Taylor was robbed in the street one day. Emily decided to ____25____ the money to Officer Moss’s family. Her mom ____26____ agreed.
Taylor called the police and made an anonymous (匿名的) donation. Moved by her ____27____ expression of thanks, the officers did what they do best— they ____28____ Taylor. When she explained the family’s ____29____, the officers could hardly believe it. “With her current financial ____30____, we encouraged her to keep the money,” the department later explained. “She ____31____, saying the officer’s family needed it and the police needed to know they were ____32____.”
By then, that feeling of support was mutual. The police set up a GoFundMe page for Taylor, whom they named “The Woman with the Heart of Gold.” As of January 11, 2023, they had ____33____ $165,405. Even better: Officer Moss, who had a 1 percent chance of ____34____, is out of the hospital and ____35____.
21. A. changed B. lost C. quit D. finished
22. A. offered B. suggested C. set D. earned
23. A. critical B. rare C. stable D. fair
24 A. annoyed B. nice C. disappointed D. wise
25. A. lend B. pass C. donate D. show
26. A. temporarily B. hesitantly C. readily D. cautiously
27. A. generous B. distant C. written D. public
28. A. came across B. tracked down C. turned to D. calmed down
29. A. motivation B. faith C. tradition D. principle
30. A. credit B. security C. service D. hardship
31. A. agreed B. complained C. refused D. guessed
32. A. supported B. promised C. treated D. defeated
33. A. kept B. added C. taken D. raised
34. A. promotion B. survival C. freedom D. growth
35. A. regretting B. collapsing C. recovering D. escaping
第二节语篇填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或所给单词的正确形式。
Acting was, is and always will be the first love of the National Peking Opera Company’s new vice-president, Tian Lei, Chen Nan reports.
Huguosi Street was one of Beijing’s ____36____ (busy) commercial roads in the olden days. It also ____37____ (house) the residence of Peking Opera master Mei Lanfang (1894-1961). Not far from Mei’s address, the first theater for Peking Opera ____38____(perform) was created in 1954, five years after the founding of the People’s Republic of China.
The neighborhood ____39____ (change) over the decades, but the theater still stands tall and is ____40____(current) managed by the National Peking Opera Company. Tian Lei treasures the hours he spends there, training and rehearsing (排练). Wearing a costume and ____41____ (arm) with a prop spear (道具长矛), the 42-year -old walks confidently across the stage, ____42____ (practise) a variety of martial art movements, before ending the drill with a liangxiang (striking a pose on the stage).
Tian has been working with the opera company for 10 years. Its premises (处所) are ____43____ 10 -minute drive from the theater and his colleagues train there. He, however, prefers the historic stage. “I come to the theater almost every day because I enjoy the peace and emptiness this building offers. Rehearsing here helps me feel closer ____44____the Peking Opera masters ____45____ once graced the stage,” he says.
第四部分写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
46. 上周末你参加了校学生会组织的“认识我们身边的植物”活动。请为校英文报写篇报道，内容包括：
1. 活动的过程；
2. 收获与感想。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。
Getting to Know the Plants Around Us
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
第二节写作(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Be a Star of Your Own Movie
I always loved the movies. It didn’t even matter if I went to see them alone. In the movies, nothing seemed impossible: I became the star of the cheerleading team who leads her team to victory, or the teenager who bridges the gap between the races at her high school, or even the young woman who falls in love with a handsome nobleman from the nineteenth century. And I would always live happily ever after.
In fact, I liked to pretend what was happening on-screen was happening in my own life as well. I liked the happy endings, the perfect happy endings. I wanted my life to be like that, happy and wonderful. I wanted to escape the stress of family and friends and school. My only escape from the reality that trapped me was heading for a movie theatre.
I hadn’t always been this way. As a young girl I was outgoing and friendly, and even involved in after-school activities. High school was different, though. I became quiet and withdrawn.
My parents were worried about me. They urged me to call old friends or get more involved with school. After promising my parents a thousand times that I would call one of my old friends, I finally agreed. The only number I knew by heart was Sarah’s, so I called her. Sarah herself was pretty close to perfect: straight-A student, class president, off to Yale in the fall, beautiful, sweet, brilliant. We decided to meet fora pizza lunch.
We ate and talked and caught up on old times. I told her how difficult it had been for me in the past few years and how unbearable the pressure had been. “I wish my life was the way it is in the movies,” I sighed, “I would be so much easier.” I looked down through my fingers, face in my hands. “I understand,” she said. I looked up at her, questioning her with my eyes.
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右;
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
She explained she used to escape her realities by doing the same thing.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Inspired by her words, I decided that I would produce my own life story.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
听力答案：1-5：ABACC 6-10：BCABC 11-15：CAABA 16-20：CABBC
