2023级新高一学生学科素养测试卷（英语）
试卷说明：
1. 时长：90 分钟 总分：100 分
2. 答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名和考生号、试场号、座位号填写在答题卡上，并用 2B 铅笔在答题卡的相应位置填涂考生号。
3. 选择题作答时，选出每小题答案后，用 2B 铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案信息点涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案。写在本试卷上无效。
4. 非选择题作答时，必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡指定区域内的相应位置上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新答案；不准使用铅笔和涂改液。写在本试卷上无效。
5. 考生必须保持答题卡的整洁，不要对折。考试结束后将答题卡交回。
一、阅读理解（本题共15小题，每题 2 分，共30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
I came across quite a few language problems while spending holiday with my family last summer. The most embarrassing was when my Mom apologized to the people we were staying with because her “pants were dirty”. They looked at her in surprise, not knowing how to react. You see, Mom had fallen over and gotten mud on her jeans. But in Britain, “pants” means underpants or knickers (内裤;衬裤), not trousers as it does back home.
Katie — From America
I went to stay with a friend on the west coast last summer. Her flat was on the first floor of a high-rise building so I got the lift up. Then I wandered round for ages looking for her flat but couldn’t find it. Fed up and tired, I finally had to go out to find a phone box. She explained that her flat was on the first floor, which for me meant the ground floor.
David — From Britain
When I asked for the “restroom” in a big department store, people kept directing me to a room with seats where I could sit and “rest”. It took me years to get through to (使...明白)someone that I only wanted the toilet!
Tom — From America
1. Hearing Katie’s mother’s words, Katie’s friends were in surprise because ________.
A. Katie’s mother got mud on her jeans B. Katie’s mother’s underpants were dirty
C. they mistook pants for underpants D. they didn’t understand British English
2. David went out to find a phone box to ________.
A. phone the police for help B. phone his friend for help
C. tell his friend he couldn’t visit her D. apologize for his being late
3. When Tom asked for the “restroom”, the people around him thought ________.
A. he wanted to have a rest B. he wanted to go to the toilet
C. he wanted to go to bed D. He wanted to go to a department store
B
They say that "travel is the best teacher" and there is no better example of this idea than the Ming dynasty travel writer and geographer Xu Xiake (1587-1641). His book The Travel Notes of Xu Xiake, not only encouraged a love of travelling among Chinese people but provided important scientific information about the country's land and geography.
Born into a wealthy Jiangyin family, Xu became interested in books about different places at an early age and wanted to travel. When he was 18, however. Xu's father died and so, it seemed, did his travelling dreams. He now was responsible for the family farm and taking care of his 60-year-old mother as tradition required.
But his mother had different ideas. Understanding her son’s love of travel and valuing the knowledge he could get from such experiences, this modern-thinking woman refused to keep her son at home. She agreed that Xu could travel for three months every year, when there was less farm work.
So at the age of twenty and with his mother's support, Xu set off for the first time, leaving behind not only his mother but his new wife as well. He would repeat this goodbye each year for most of the next 30 years. During this time, he travelled throughout the Ming kingdom, carefully studying the lands he passed through and recording his experiences and many discoveries in a diary. This diary, which once had over 500,000 words, would eventually become The Travel Notes of Xu Xiake.
Although rich, Xu avoided comfortable travel, preferring to go almost everywhere on foot. This way he could research the environment in detail and get a true picture of the natural world. Many of his trips were to hard-to-reach mountain areas, and through wild forests where few people lived. His willingness to face hardships came at a cost however. Progress was slow and tiring and he was frequently sick, robbed and beaten during his journeys
Sadly Xu became seriously ill during his last and longest journey, a 4-year trip through the Southwest of China. He died in 1641, soon after returning to his hometown for the last time. When his diary was finally printed years after his death, much of it had been destroyed or lost. Although incomplete, it still made Xu a travelling legend around the world.
4. What is the passage mainly about
A. The influence of Xu's book The Travel Notes of Xu Xiake.
B. The difficulties Xu Xiake faced in his travels.
C. The important discoveries made by Xu Xiake.
D The general details of Xu Xiake's life story.
5 Which of the following best describes Xu's mother
A. Supportive and open-minded. B. Kind but uneducated.
C. Helpful and hardworking. D. Strict but interesting.
6. Why did Xu prefer walking during his travels
A. It gave him the chance to meet different kinds of people.
B. It allowed him to see and study the environment in detail.
C. It helped him to save money and travel for a longer time.
D. It was the only way to reach the places he was interested in.
7. What is true about Xu's book The Travel Notes of Xu xiake？
A. It was mainly about the different people of China.
B. It made Xu very famous during his lifetime.
C. It was the first travel book ever written in China.
D. It was only made public after Xu died.
C
As much as I love watching Olympic diving, I’ve never understood why athletes hurry off to the showers and then proceed to relax in a hot tub (热水浴池) after each dive. They’re already wet. They’re only in the pool for a handful of seconds, so it’s not like they need to get cleaned up. And doesn’t taking a shower serve the same purpose as sitting in a hot tub
Actually, that’s what Olympic divers usually do between dives as they know very well about the importance of warm-ups and cool-downs. So, what’s the actual reason
As it turns out, showers and hot tubs are used pretty interchangeably by the swimming pool. However, there is a need for both. First, let’s start with why divers need to take a shower between dives. It has to do with body temperature and keeping their muscles relaxed.As you can imagine, practicing dives in the pool, then having to keep your body warm in a shower, and then jumping off a 10-meter platform and into cold water couldn’t be comfortable for anyone. Going back and forth between these warm and cool temperatures can cause a diver’s muscles to tense or cramp up(痉挛)，which can lead to injuries to the muscles. Showers allow an Olympic diver to recover and prevent that.
In that way, showers and hot tubs serve the same purpose. A hot tub is generally used if you have a bit more time between dives and have already stretched. The shower walls on the pool deck can typically provide enough space for more divers at the same time, and they’re especially helpful for athletes who need to stretch or who only have a few minutes be tween dives. Just like Olympic swimmers depend on thick clothes to keep their muscles warm, Olympic divers rely on these methods to stay loose. If you ask me, it’s not a bad way to pass the time!
8. What does the underlined word “proceed” in Paragraph 1 mean
A. Fail. B. Continue. C. Stop. D. Afford.
9. Why do the athletes need showers after diving
A. To fully clean their body.
B. To rest and wait for the results.
C. To avoid possible muscle injuries.
D. To stop themselves from catching a cold.
10. What does the last paragraph suggest
A. The shower walls are designed for divers in the final round.
B Olympic swimmers need to stay warm using hot tubs.
C. Athletes usually do some activities to pass the time.
D. Hot tubs are as important as showers for divers.
11. What is the author’s purpose in writing this text
A. To tell us the difference between diving and swimming.
B To explain some little-known knowledge about divers.
C. To compare cold showers with the hot bath.
D. To provide some diving advice for us.
D
Here is a surprising and important fact: Mental work alone can't make us tired.It sounds funny. But a few years ago, scientists tried to find out how long the human brain could labor without reaching a stage of fatigue (疲劳). To the amazement of these scientists, they discovered that blood passing through the brain, when it is active, shows no fatigue at all! If we took a drop of blood from a day laborer, we would find it full of fatigue toxins (毒素) and fatigue products.But if we took blood from the brain of an Albert Einstein, it would show no fatigue toxins at the end of the day.
So far as the brain is concerned， it can work as well and swiftly at the end of eight or even twelve hours of effort as at the beginning.The brain is totally tireless.So what makes us tired
Some scientists find that most of our fatigue comes from our mental and emotional attitudes. One of England's most outstanding scientists, J.A. Hadfield, says, “The greater part of the fatigue from which we suffer is of mental origin.In fact, fatigue of purely physical origin is rare(罕见的).” Dr Brill, a famous American scientist, goes even further. He says, “One hundred percent of the fatigue of a sitting worker in good health is due to emotional problems.”
What kinds of emotions make sitting workers tired Joy Satisfaction No! A feeling of being bored, anger, anxiety, tenseness, worry, a feeling of not being appreciated-those are the emotions that tire sitting workers. Hard work by itself seldom causes fatigue. We get tired because our emotions produce nervousness in the body.
12. What did the scientists discover a few years ago
A. We could hardly find fatigue toxins in a laborer’s blood.
B. Albert Einstein didn’t feel worn out after a day’s week.
C. A mental worker’s blood was filled with fatigue.
D. The brain could work for many hours without tiredness.
13. In the author’s opinions,sitting workers feel tired because of _______.
A. difficult work
B. endless tasks
C. unpleasant emotions
D. physical labor
14. What’s the best title of this passage
A. Have some good food
B. Exercise regularly
C. Enjoy the work
D. Discover fatigue toxins
15. Which topic will be discussed in the following part of the passage
A. How to take away nervousness
B. How to work well and swiftly
C. How to deal with hard work
D. How to get much satisfaction
二、七选五（本题共5小题，每题 2 分，共10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Everyone wants to perform well at school. Add these tips to your life and you should be on your way to being a top student!
____16____ I cannot stress how important it is to pay attention to what your teacher is teaching you. Take part in class discussions if you have something worth adding. Pay attention during class, in particular during lectures.
Taking notes is important. You don’t need to write down every single word your teacher says but write down what he or she writes on the blackboard, or any special fact you think you might need for a test. ____17____ In this way, it will help you learn more effectively by actually thinking about what you are writing.
Don’t skip school. You will be missing out on stuff. ____18____ However, you will have more work and you have missed lectures. Also, try not to be late for class. It’s most likely that your teacher won’t appreciate it and you will get yourself behind.
____19____ If you have an “I don’t care about school or this class” attitude, then teachers will be less willing to help you with problems or offer you extra credit. The same goes for lazy attitude. Have a respectful attitude to the teacher and other students. Try not to laugh when other students make mistakes.
Always ask questions. ____20____ If you don’t understand, ask someone. Read your text book and notes, and then if that fails, seek help. Ask a teacher, friend, classmate, parent, etc. Get a tutor if you need one.
A. Be prepared.
B. Write in your own words.
C. Staying focused will be helpful.
D. Keep a good attitude towards things.
E. There is no shame in needing some help.
F. It is true that you could make up the work.
G. Pay attention to everything the teacher says.
三、完形填空（本题共15小题，每题 1 分，共15分）
阅读下面的短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
The sun was shining brightly over our heads and sweat (汗水) was pouring off our backs and faces. We stood still without ____21____ any noise, all hot and tired. But everyone kept standing as straight as trees. It was ____22____ most high schools give to new Senior One students — military training. We ____23____ four days in a closed environment. Although we couldn’t go home at night and the training was ____24____ and difficult, our humorous young drill sergeant (教官) with a funny accent was a real ____25____ of our days. We laughed at his jokes, sat in rows singing different songs and ____26____ him telling true stories about his life. He gave us the feeling that ____27____ and sweat were not the only things that military training ____28____.
After this journey, we were more ____29____ than we had imagined and we were much braver than we had _____30_____. Girls who looked pale rested for a little while, and then right away came back to the team. Boys who were being punished _____31_____ to the playground at once and began to run. Sweat flowed down our faces when we thought about how to shout _____32_____ than other classes.
Military training taught us perseverance (坚持不懈) and determination. On the last day of our training, the confidence could be _____33_____ on our faces. We shouted so loud that our _____34_____ could be heard across the heavens. With eyes like burning torches (火炬), we walked into the future. Now the sun is _____35_____ at all of us.
21. A. crying B. making C. sending D. telling
22. A. nothing B. anything C. something D. everything
23. A. wasted B. spent C. kept D. took
24. A. strict B. curious C. interesting D. normal
25. A. success B. pleasure C. worry D. wonder
26. A. referred to B. contributed to C. turned to D. listened to
27. A. sunlight B. wealth C. desire D. health
28. A. received B. helped C. offered D. happened
29. A. concerned B. determined C. interested D. surprised
30. A. expected B. expressed C. disliked D. rescued
31. A. escaped B. moved C. rode D. rushed
32. A. larger B. stronger C. louder D. lower
33. A. seen B. heard C. smelt D. touched
34. A. thoughts B. feelings C. opinions D. voices
35. A. staring B. laughing C. waving D. smiling
四、语法填空（本题共10小题，每题 1.5 分，共15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Filled with many sights and ____36____ (attract), China is the best destination in the world. Here are the reasons ____37____ China should be at the top of your visit list. China, with a history of over 5,000 years, ____38____ (be) one of the Four Ancient Civilized Countries. You can enjoy Chinese food, tea culture, Chinese medicine as well as poetry and calligraphy (书法) there. China’s ancient treasures are ____39____ (famous) than those in any other country in size and number, from ancient palaces to the Great Wall. Besides, lovely giant pandas are unique ____40____ China. You can even go to meet wild pandas in their ____41____ (nature) habitats with our panda experts. What’s more, with the ____42____(develop) of Chinese public transportation, it is easier to travel anywhere. ____43____ (take) a smart phone in China, you can take ____44____ high-speed train from Beijing to shanghai at 250-350 km/h, buy a coffee with your e-wallet, and ride a shared bike ____45____ (explore) the city.
五、单词拼写（本题共15小题，每题 1 分，共15分）
46. All students looked forward to ________(提高，改善) their oral English, but few succeeded. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
47. The most proper ________ (策略) may simply be to walk away from the problem. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
48. It’s good to be curious about the world around you because ________(好奇心) is the best teacher.（根据汉语提示单词拼写）
49. Susan had quit her well-paid job and was working as a ________(志愿者) in the neighborhood when I visited her last month. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
50. A number of kids are ________(有瘾的，入迷的) to computer games and both parents and society should be responsible for it. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
51. Students as we are, we should a________ what we have learned in class to our daily life. (根据首字母单词拼写)
52 The air in this place is ________(极其) cold and nothing can survive here. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
53. She opened a book and ________(假装)to read, with tears dropping on the open page.（根据汉语提示单词拼写）
54. Do you know how many athletes from around the world will c________ in the 2024 Olympic Games (根据首字母单词拼写)
55. Running is a good way to ________ (强化，加强) our muscles and make us happier and healthier. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
56. These dead ducks should be ____________(埋葬) immediately since they aren’t fit to be eaten. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
57. Two people got ______(困住)in the lift this morning when the electricity was cut off. (根据汉语提示填空)
58. After the disaster happened in this area, soldiers and volunteers were sent to find out whether there were any people who ________(存活).（根据汉语提示单词拼写）
59. All people attending the meeting demanded that the disabled should be e________ treated in life. (根据首字母单词拼写)
60. I would ________(感激) it if you could spare some time to help me with my writing.（根据汉语提示单词拼写）
六、应用文写作（本题共1小题，共15分）
61. 假如你是李华，刚入学高中。你的英国笔友Mike给你发了一封邮件，询问你的暑假生活，并对你即将开始的高中生活很感兴趣。请你根据以下要点给他写封回信：
1.暑假生活的简要描述；
2.你对高中学校的第一印象；
注意：1.词数80左右；2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Mike,
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua2023级新高一学生学科素养测试卷（英语）
试卷说明：
1. 时长：90 分钟 总分：100 分
2. 答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名和考生号、试场号、座位号填写在答题卡上，并用 2B 铅笔在答题卡的相应位置填涂考生号。
3. 选择题作答时，选出每小题答案后，用 2B 铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案信息点涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案。写在本试卷上无效。
4. 非选择题作答时，必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡指定区域内的相应位置上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新答案；不准使用铅笔和涂改液。写在本试卷上无效。
5. 考生必须保持答题卡的整洁，不要对折。考试结束后将答题卡交回。
一、阅读理解（本题共15小题，每题 2 分，共30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
I came across quite a few language problems while spending holiday with my family last summer. The most embarrassing was when my Mom apologized to the people we were staying with because her “pants were dirty”. They looked at her in surprise, not knowing how to react. You see, Mom had fallen over and gotten mud on her jeans. But in Britain, “pants” means underpants or knickers (内裤;衬裤), not trousers as it does back home.
Katie — From America
I went to stay with a friend on the west coast last summer. Her flat was on the first floor of a high-rise building so I got the lift up. Then I wandered round for ages looking for her flat but couldn’t find it. Fed up and tired, I finally had to go out to find a phone box. She explained that her flat was on the first floor, which for me meant the ground floor.
David — From Britain
When I asked for the “restroom” in a big department store, people kept directing me to a room with seats where I could sit and “rest”. It took me years to get through to (使...明白)someone that I only wanted the toilet!
Tom — From America
1. Hearing Katie’s mother’s words, Katie’s friends were in surprise because ________.
A. Katie’s mother got mud on her jeans B. Katie’s mother’s underpants were dirty
C. they mistook pants for underpants D. they didn’t understand British English
2. David went out to find a phone box to ________.
A. phone the police for help B. phone his friend for help
C. tell his friend he couldn’t visit her D. apologize for his being late
3. When Tom asked for the “restroom”, the people around him thought ________.
A. he wanted to have a rest B. he wanted to go to the toilet
C. he wanted to go to bed D. He wanted to go to a department store
【答案】1. C 2. B 3. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了几个人的经历，展示英国英语和美国英语中一些词汇的差异，以及由此引发的趣事。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“But in Britain, “pants” means underpants or knickers (内裤;衬裤), not trousers as it does back home.(但在英国，“裤子”是指内裤或衬裤, 不是回家时穿的那种裤子)”可知，听到凯蒂母亲的话，凯蒂的朋友们都很惊讶，是因为他们误认为凯蒂母亲所说的“裤子”是内裤。故选C项。
【2题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“Then I wandered round for ages looking for her flat but couldn’t find it. Fed up and tired, I finally had to go out to find a phone box.(然后，我四处转悠了好长时间，寻找她的公寓，但找不到。又烦又累，我最后不得不出去找一个电话亭)”可知，大卫出去找一个电话亭是为了给他的朋友打电话寻求帮忙。故选B项。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“When I asked for the “restroom” in a big department store, people kept directing me to a room with seats where I could sit and “rest”.(当我在一家大百货公司要求使用“洗手间”时，人们不停地把我带到一个有座位的房间，我可以坐在那里“休息”)”可知，当汤姆要求使用洗手间时，他周围的人认为他想要休息一下。故选A项。
B
They say that "travel is the best teacher" and there is no better example of this idea than the Ming dynasty travel writer and geographer Xu Xiake (1587-1641). His book The Travel Notes of Xu Xiake, not only encouraged a love of travelling among Chinese people but provided important scientific information about the country's land and geography.
Born into a wealthy Jiangyin family, Xu became interested in books about different places at an early age and wanted to travel. When he was 18, however. Xu's father died and so, it seemed, did his travelling dreams. He now was responsible for the family farm and taking care of his 60-year-old mother as tradition required.
But his mother had different ideas. Understanding her son’s love of travel and valuing the knowledge he could get from such experiences, this modern-thinking woman refused to keep her son at home. She agreed that Xu could travel for three months every year, when there was less farm work.
So at the age of twenty and with his mother's support, Xu set off for the first time, leaving behind not only his mother but his new wife as well. He would repeat this goodbye each year for most of the next 30 years. During this time, he travelled throughout the Ming kingdom, carefully studying the lands he passed through and recording his experiences and many discoveries in a diary. This diary, which once had over 500,000 words, would eventually become The Travel Notes of Xu Xiake.
Although rich, Xu avoided comfortable travel, preferring to go almost everywhere on foot. This way he could research the environment in detail and get a true picture of the natural world. Many of his trips were to hard-to-reach mountain areas, and through wild forests where few people lived. His willingness to face hardships came at a cost however. Progress was slow and tiring and he was frequently sick, robbed and beaten during his journeys
Sadly Xu became seriously ill during his last and longest journey, a 4-year trip through the Southwest of China. He died in 1641, soon after returning to his hometown for the last time. When his diary was finally printed years after his death, much of it had been destroyed or lost. Although incomplete, it still made Xu a travelling legend around the world.
4. What is the passage mainly about
A. The influence of Xu's book The Travel Notes of Xu Xiake.
B. The difficulties Xu Xiake faced in his travels.
C. The important discoveries made by Xu Xiake.
D. The general details of Xu Xiake's life story.
5. Which of the following best describes Xu's mother
A. Supportive and open-minded. B. Kind but uneducated.
C. Helpful and hardworking. D. Strict but interesting.
6. Why did Xu prefer walking during his travels
A. It gave him the chance to meet different kinds of people.
B. It allowed him to see and study the environment in detail.
C. It helped him to save money and travel for a longer time.
D. It was the only way to reach the places he was interested in.
7. What is true about Xu's book The Travel Notes of Xu xiake？
A. It was mainly about the different people of China.
B. It made Xu very famous during his lifetime.
C. It was the first travel book ever written in China.
D. It was only made public after Xu died.
【答案】4. D 5. A 6. B 7. D
【解析】
【分析】本文为一篇记叙文，简述了著名的作家兼地理学家徐霞客的生平重要事迹，并简单介绍了《徐霞客游记》这本书的由来。
【4题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章第一段关键句“They say that "travel is the best teacher" and there is no better example of this idea than the Ming dynasty travel writer and geographer Xu Xiake (1587-1641). ”（人们常说“旅行是最好的老师”，明代游记作家兼地理学家徐霞客(1587-1641)就是最好的例子。）及文章最后一段关键句“Although incomplete, it still made Xu a travelling legend around the world.”（虽然不完整，但它仍然使徐霞客成为一个周游世界的传奇。）并结合全文内容可知，本文介绍了徐霞客的一生，即，本文为徐霞客生平故事的梗概。故选D项。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第三段关键句“Understanding her son’s love of travel and valuing the knowledge he could get from such experiences, this modern-thinking woman refused to keep her son at home. She agreed that Xu could travel for three months every year, when there was less farm work.”（这位具有现代思想的女性理解儿子对旅行的热爱，并重视他从旅行中获得的知识，她拒绝让儿子待在家里。 她同意儿子每年可以出去旅行三个月，这样农活就少了。）可知，徐霞客的母亲是支持儿子并且思想开明的。故选A项。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段关键句“Although rich, Xu avoided comfortable travel, preferring to go almost everywhere on foot. This way he could research the environment in detail and get a true picture of the natural world. ”（虽然很富有，但徐霞客避免舒适的旅行，宁愿步行去几乎所有地方。 这样他就可以详细研究环境，得到自然世界的真实画面。）可知，徐霞客更喜欢步行旅行是因为步行可以让他仔细观察和研究环境。故选B项。
【7题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章最后一段关键句“When his diary was finally printed years after his death, much of it had been destroyed or lost. ”（当他日记在他去世多年后最终被印刷出来时，其中很多已经被销毁或丢失了。）可知，《徐霞客游记》在徐霞客去世后才被公开。故选D项。
C
As much as I love watching Olympic diving, I’ve never understood why athletes hurry off to the showers and then proceed to relax in a hot tub (热水浴池) after each dive. They’re already wet. They’re only in the pool for a handful of seconds, so it’s not like they need to get cleaned up. And doesn’t taking a shower serve the same purpose as sitting in a hot tub
Actually, that’s what Olympic divers usually do between dives as they know very well about the importance of warm-ups and cool-downs. So, what’s the actual reason
As it turns out, showers and hot tubs are used pretty interchangeably by the swimming pool. However, there is a need for both. First, let’s start with why divers need to take a shower between dives. It has to do with body temperature and keeping their muscles relaxed.As you can imagine, practicing dives in the pool, then having to keep your body warm in a shower, and then jumping off a 10-meter platform and into cold water couldn’t be comfortable for anyone. Going back and forth between these warm and cool temperatures can cause a diver’s muscles to tense or cramp up(痉挛)，which can lead to injuries to the muscles. Showers allow an Olympic diver to recover and prevent that.
In that way, showers and hot tubs serve the same purpose. A hot tub is generally used if you have a bit more time between dives and have already stretched. The shower walls on the pool deck can typically provide enough space for more divers at the same time, and they’re especially helpful for athletes who need to stretch or who only have a few minutes be tween dives. Just like Olympic swimmers depend on thick clothes to keep their muscles warm, Olympic divers rely on these methods to stay loose. If you ask me, it’s not a bad way to pass the time!
8. What does the underlined word “proceed” in Paragraph 1 mean
A. Fail. B. Continue. C. Stop. D. Afford.
9. Why do the athletes need showers after diving
A. To fully clean their body.
B. To rest and wait for the results.
C. To avoid possible muscle injuries.
D. To stop themselves from catching a cold.
10. What does the last paragraph suggest
A. The shower walls are designed for divers in the final round.
B. Olympic swimmers need to stay warm using hot tubs.
C. Athletes usually do some activities to pass the time.
D. Hot tubs are as important as showers for divers.
11. What is the author’s purpose in writing this text
A. To tell us the difference between diving and swimming.
B. To explain some little-known knowledge about divers.
C. To compare cold showers with the hot bath.
D. To provide some diving advice for us.
【答案】8. B 9. C 10. D 11. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要是告诉人们跳水运动员跳水完后淋浴的主要原因。
【8题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线词所在句“I’ve never understood why athletes hurry off to the showers and then proceed to relax in a hot tub (热水浴池) after each dive.”（我一直不明白，为什么运动员每次潜水后都匆匆忙忙地去洗澡，然后proceed 在热水浴缸里放松。）可知，游泳运动员跳水完后会去洗澡，之后接着在热水浴池放松身体，可推知，划线词此处指“继续”含义，故选B。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“As you can imagine, practicing dives in the pool, then having to keep your body warm in a shower, and then jumping off a 10-meter platform and into cold water couldn’t be comfortable for anyone. Going back and forth between these warm and cool temperatures can cause a diver’s muscles to tense or cramp up(痉挛)，which can lead to injuries to the muscles. Showers allow an Olympic diver to recover and prevent that.”（你可以想象，在游泳池里练习潜水，然后在淋浴时保持身体温暖，然后从10米高的平台上跳入冷水中，对任何人来说都不会舒服。在这些温暖和凉爽的温度之间来回穿梭可能导致潜水员的肌肉紧张或抽筋，这可能导致肌肉受伤。淋浴可以让奥林匹克跳水运动员恢复并防止这种情况发生。）可知，运动员跳水，因为水的暖热温度的交替，可能会使运动员的肌肉受伤，而跳水结束后的淋浴对运动员而言，可以使运动员避免肌肉受伤情况的发生。故选C。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段第一句“In that way, showers and hot tubs serve the same purpose. ”（这样一来，淋浴和热水浴池就起到了同样的作用。）结合倒数第二段最后一句“ Showers allow an Olympic diver to recover and prevent that.”（淋浴可以让奥林匹克跳水运动员恢复并防止这种情况发生。）可知，本段承接前文，主要说明热水浴池和淋浴的重要性是同样的。故选D。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段第一句“I’ve never understood why athletes hurry off to the showers and then proceed to relax in a hot tub (热水浴池) after each dive.”（我一直不明白，为什么运动员每次潜水后都匆匆忙忙地去洗澡，然后继续在热水浴缸里放松。）第二段最后一句“So, what’s the actual reason ”（那么，真正的原因是什么？）可知，作者写本篇文章主要是告诉人们跳水运动员跳水完后淋浴的主要原因。故选B。
D
Here is a surprising and important fact: Mental work alone can't make us tired.It sounds funny. But a few years ago, scientists tried to find out how long the human brain could labor without reaching a stage of fatigue (疲劳). To the amazement of these scientists, they discovered that blood passing through the brain, when it is active, shows no fatigue at all! If we took a drop of blood from a day laborer, we would find it full of fatigue toxins (毒素) and fatigue products.But if we took blood from the brain of an Albert Einstein, it would show no fatigue toxins at the end of the day.
So far as the brain is concerned， it can work as well and swiftly at the end of eight or even twelve hours of effort as at the beginning.The brain is totally tireless.So what makes us tired
Some scientists find that most of our fatigue comes from our mental and emotional attitudes. One of England's most outstanding scientists, J.A. Hadfield, says, “The greater part of the fatigue from which we suffer is of mental origin.In fact, fatigue of purely physical origin is rare(罕见的).” Dr Brill, a famous American scientist, goes even further. He says, “One hundred percent of the fatigue of a sitting worker in good health is due to emotional problems.”
What kinds of emotions make sitting workers tired Joy Satisfaction No! A feeling of being bored, anger, anxiety, tenseness, worry, a feeling of not being appreciated-those are the emotions that tire sitting workers. Hard work by itself seldom causes fatigue. We get tired because our emotions produce nervousness in the body.
12. What did the scientists discover a few years ago
A. We could hardly find fatigue toxins in a laborer’s blood.
B. Albert Einstein didn’t feel worn out after a day’s week.
C. A mental worker’s blood was filled with fatigue.
D. The brain could work for many hours without tiredness.
13. In the author’s opinions,sitting workers feel tired because of _______.
A. difficult work
B. endless tasks
C. unpleasant emotions
D. physical labor
14. What’s the best title of this passage
A. Have some good food
B. Exercise regularly
C. Enjoy the work
D. Discover fatigue toxins
15. Which topic will be discussed in the following part of the passage
A. How to take away nervousness
B. How to work well and swiftly
C. How to deal with hard work
D. How to get much satisfaction
【答案】12. D 13. C 14. C 15. A
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了科学家们发现了一个令人惊讶而又重要事实：仅靠脑力劳动并不能使我们疲劳。一些科学家发现，我们的疲劳主要来自于我们的精神和情感态度。努力工作本身很少引起疲劳。我们感到疲劳是因为我们的情绪在体内产生了紧张。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中To the amazement of these scientists, they discovered that blood passing through the brain, when it is active, shows no fatigue at all!可知让这些科学家惊讶的是，他们发现血液流过大脑时，当它处于活动状态时，完全没有显示疲劳！以及But if we took blood from the brain of an Albert Einstein, it would show no fatigue toxins at the end of the day.可知如果我们从阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦的大脑中提取血液，在一天结束时显示不出疲劳毒素。由此可知，科学家们几年前发现大脑可以连续工作好几个小时而不感到疲劳。故选D。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段中A feeling of being bored, anger, anxiety, tenseness, worry, a feeling of not being appreciated-those are the emotions that tire sitting workers.可知无聊、愤怒、焦虑、紧张、担心、不被欣赏的感觉——这些都是让坐着工作的人感到疲惫的情绪。由此可知，在作者看来，坐着工作的人因为不愉快的情绪而感到疲劳。故选C。
【14题详解】
主旨大意题。根据最后一段中Hard work by itself seldom causes fatigue. We get tired because our emotions produce nervousness in the body.可知努力工作本身很少引起疲劳。我们感到疲劳是因为我们的情绪在体内产生了紧张。结合文章主要说明了科学家们发现了一个令人惊讶而又重要的事实：仅靠脑力劳动并不能使我们疲劳。一些科学家发现，我们的疲劳主要来自于我们的精神和情感态度。努力工作本身很少引起疲劳。我们感到疲劳是因为我们的情绪在体内产生了紧张。故C选项“享受工作”符合文章标题，故选C。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中We get tired because our emotions produce nervousness in the body.可知我们感到疲劳是因为我们的情绪在体内产生了紧张。由此可推知，文章接下来的部分将讨论如何消除紧张的话题。故选A。
二、七选五（本题共5小题，每题 2 分，共10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Everyone wants to perform well at school Add these tips to your life and you should be on your way to being a top student!
____16____ I cannot stress how important it is to pay attention to what your teacher is teaching you. Take part in class discussions if you have something worth adding. Pay attention during class, in particular during lectures.
Taking notes is important. You don’t need to write down every single word your teacher says but write down what he or she writes on the blackboard, or any special fact you think you might need for a test. ____17____ In this way, it will help you learn more effectively by actually thinking about what you are writing.
Don’t skip school. You will be missing out on stuff. ____18____ However, you will have more work and you have missed lectures. Also, try not to be late for class. It’s most likely that your teacher won’t appreciate it and you will get yourself behind.
____19____ If you have an “I don’t care about school or this class” attitude, then teachers will be less willing to help you with problems or offer you extra credit. The same goes for lazy attitude. Have a respectful attitude to the teacher and other students. Try not to laugh when other students make mistakes.
Always ask questions. ____20____ If you don’t understand, ask someone. Read your text book and notes, and then if that fails, seek help. Ask a teacher, friend, classmate, parent, etc. Get a tutor if you need one.
A. Be prepared.
B. Write in your own words.
C. Staying focused will be helpful.
D. Keep a good attitude towards things.
E. There is no shame in needing some help.
F. It is true that you could make up the work.
G. Pay attention to everything the teacher says.
【答案】16. G 17. B 18. F 19. D 20. E
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了一些有助于在学校表现良好的建议。
【16题详解】
根据后文“I cannot stress how important it is to pay attention to what your teacher is teaching you. Take part in class discussions if you have something worth adding. Pay attention during class, in particular during lectures.(我再怎么强调注意你的老师教你的东西是多么重要也不为过。如果你有什么值得补充的东西，就参加课堂讨论。上课时要专心，尤其是上课时)”可知，本段的主旨是上课注意认真听讲，注意你的老师教你的东西，G选项Pay attention to everything the teacher says.对应后文pay attention to what your teacher is teaching you。故G选项“注意老师说的每一句话”符合语境，故选G。
【17题详解】
根据上文“Taking notes is important. You don’t need to write down every single word your teacher says but write down what he or she writes on the blackboard, or any special fact you think you might need for a test.(记笔记很重要。你不需要写下老师说的每一个单词，但写下他或她在黑板上写的东西，或任何你认为你可能需要考试的特殊事实)”以及后文“In this way, it will help you learn more effectively by actually thinking about what you are writing.(通过这种方式，它将帮助你通过真正思考你正在写的东西来更有效地学习)”可知，本句应当是在说明做笔记的方法，且后文提到笔记将帮助你通过真正思考你正在写的东西来更有效地学习，可见是在建议用自己的语言做笔记，达到思考的目的。故B选项“用自己的话写”符合语境，故选B。
【18题详解】
根据上文“Don’t skip school. You will be missing out on stuff.(不要逃学。你会错过很多东西)”以及后文“However, you will have more work and you have missed lectures.(然而，你会有更多要做的，你已经错过了课程)”可知，后文与本句构成转折，说明逃学会有更多的工作和错过课程，可见本句是在说明与之相反的情况，即逃学可以通过补足功课来弥补，故F选项“你可以补足功课，这是真的”符合语境，故选F。
【19题详解】
根据后文“If you have an “I don’t care about school or this class” attitude, then teachers will be less willing to help you with problems or offer you extra credit. The same goes for lazy attitude. Have a respectful attitude to the teacher and other students. Try not to laugh when other students make mistakes.(如果你有一种“我不在乎学校或这门课”的态度，那么老师就不太愿意帮助你解决问题或给你额外的学分。这同样适用于懒惰的态度。对老师和其他同学要有尊重的态度。当其他学生犯错误时，尽量不要笑)”可知，本段主要是在说明学习态度的重要性，D选项中attitude对应后文中attitude。故D选项“对事情保持良好的态度”符合语境，故选D。
【20题详解】
根据上文“Always ask questions.(多问问题)”以及后文“If you don’t understand, ask someone. Read your text book and notes, and then if that fails, seek help. Ask a teacher, friend, classmate, parent, etc. Get a tutor if you need one. (如果你不明白，就去问别人。阅读你的课本和笔记，如果失败了，寻求帮助。问问老师、朋友、同学、父母等。如果你需要，找个家教)”可知，本段的建议是多问问题，寻求帮助，E选项中needing some help对应后文中seek help。故E选项“需要帮助并不可耻”符合语境，故选E。
三、完形填空（本题共15小题，每题 1 分，共15分）
阅读下面的短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
The sun was shining brightly over our heads and sweat (汗水) was pouring off our backs and faces. We stood still without ____21____ any noise, all hot and tired. But everyone kept standing as straight as trees. It was ____22____ most high schools give to new Senior One students — military training. We ____23____ four days in a closed environment. Although we couldn’t go home at night and the training was ____24____ and difficult, our humorous young drill sergeant (教官) with a funny accent was a real ____25____ of our days. We laughed at his jokes, sat in rows singing different songs and ____26____ him telling true stories about his life. He gave us the feeling that ____27____ and sweat were not the only things that military training ____28____.
After this journey, we were more ____29____ than we had imagined and we were much braver than we had _____30_____. Girls who looked pale rested for a little while, and then right away came back to the team. Boys who were being punished _____31_____ to the playground at once and began to run. Sweat flowed down our faces when we thought about how to shout _____32_____ than other classes.
Military training taught us perseverance (坚持不懈) and determination. On the last day of our training, the confidence could be _____33_____ on our faces. We shouted so loud that our _____34_____ could be heard across the heavens. With eyes like burning torches (火炬), we walked into the future. Now the sun is _____35_____ at all of us.
21. A. crying B. making C. sending D. telling
22. A. nothing B. anything C. something D. everything
23. A. wasted B. spent C. kept D. took
24. A. strict B. curious C. interesting D. normal
25. A. success B. pleasure C. worry D. wonder
26. A. referred to B. contributed to C. turned to D. listened to
27. A. sunlight B. wealth C. desire D. health
28. A. received B. helped C. offered D. happened
29. A. concerned B. determined C. interested D. surprised
30. A. expected B. expressed C. disliked D. rescued
31. A. escaped B. moved C. rode D. rushed
32. A. larger B. stronger C. louder D. lower
33. A. seen B. heard C. smelt D. touched
34. A. thoughts B. feelings C. opinions D. voices
35 A. staring B. laughing C. waving D. smiling
【答案】21. B 22. C 23. B 24. A 25. B 26. D 27. A 28. C 29. B 30. A 31. D 32. C 33. A 34. D 35. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。本文主要讲述了作者军训的经历，通过军训，作者变得更加自信，更有毅力和决心。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们一动不动地站着，没有发出任何噪音，又热又累。A. crying哭泣；B. making制造；C. sending发送；D. telling告诉。根据下文提到的“military training”可知，我们正在进行军训，由此可知，军训时不能发出任何噪音，“make noise”意为“发出噪音”。故选B项。
【22题详解】
考查代词词义辨析。句意：这是大多数高中给高一新生做的事——军训。A. nothing没有什么；B. anything任何事物；C. something某事，某物；D. everything每件事。根据句中“military training”可知，军训是大多数高中让高一新生做的某件事，“something”意为“某事，某物”，符合语境。故选C项。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们在一个封闭的环境中度过了四天。A. wasted浪费；B. spent度过；C. kept保持；D. took取走。根据句中“four days”可知，军训是在封闭的环境中度过了四天，“spent”意为“度过”，符合语境。故选B项。
【24题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：虽然我们晚上不能回家，训练又严格又困难，但我们带着有趣口音的幽默的年轻教官是我们生活中真正的快乐。A. strict严格的；B. curious好奇的；C. interesting有趣的；D. normal正常的。根据句中“difficult”和生活常识可知，军训是严格的和困难的。故选A项。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：虽然我们晚上不能回家，训练又严格又困难，但我们带着有趣口音的幽默的年轻教官是我们生活中真正的快乐。A. success成功；B. pleasure快乐；C. worry担心；D. wonder奇迹。根据下文“We laughed at his jokes”可知，我们听了教官的笑话后笑了，由此可知，他为我们带来了快乐。故选B项。
【26题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：我们因他的笑话发笑，坐成一排唱着不同的歌，听他讲述自己生活的真实故事。A. referred to提到；B. contributed to有助于；C. turned to求助于；D. listened to听。根据句中“telling true stories about his life”可知，我们应该是听教官讲述故事。故选D项。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他给我们的感觉是，阳光和汗水不是军训提供的唯一东西。A. sunlight阳光；B. wealth财富；C. desire渴望；D. health健康。根据文章第一句话“The sun was shining brightly over our heads and sweat (汗水) was pouring off our backs and faces.”中的“The sun was shining brightly over our heads”和“sweat”可知，军训中有阳光和汗水，由此可知，句中指军训给我们提供的不止是阳光和汗水。故选A项。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他给我们的感觉是，阳光和汗水不是军训提供的唯一东西。A. received收到；B. helped帮助；C. offered提供；D. happened发生。根据文章第一句话“The sun was shining brightly over our heads and sweat (汗水) was pouring off our backs and faces.”可知，军训中我们会接受阳光和汗水的洗礼，由此可知，句中指阳光和汗水不是军训提供的唯一东西。故选C项。
【29题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：经过这段旅程，我们比想象中更加坚定，比我们预计的要勇敢得多。A. concerned担心的；B. determined坚定的；C. interested感兴趣的；D. surprised惊讶的。根据下文“Military training taught us perseverance (坚持不懈) and determination.”可知，军训教会了我们毅力和决心，由此可知，我们比想象中更加坚定。故选B项。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：经过这段旅程，我们比想象中更加坚定，比我们预计的要勇敢得多。A. expected预计；B. expressed表示；C. disliked不喜欢；D. rescued营救。根据句中“we had imagined”可知，句中把实际的自己和我们想象中的自己进行比较，由此可知，我们比自己预计的要勇敢得多，“expected”意为“预计”，与“imagined”呼应。故选A项。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：受到惩罚的男孩们立刻冲向操场，开始跑步。A. escaped逃跑；B. moved移动；C. rode骑；D. rushed冲。根据句中“at once”和“began to run”可知，男孩们执行命令的速度很快，受到惩罚后立刻冲向操场，开始跑步，“rushed”意为“冲”，符合语境。故选D项。
【32题详解】
考查形容词/副词词义辨析。句意：当我们考虑如何比其他班级喊得更大声时，汗水顺着我们的脸流下来。A. larger更大的；B. stronger更强壮的；C. louder更大声地；D. lower更低的。根据下文“We shouted so loud”可知，军训中我们喊得很大声，由此可知，句中指我们考虑如何比其他班级喊得更大声。故选C项。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在训练的最后一天，我们的脸上可以看到自信。A. seen看见；B. heard听见；C. smelt闻到；D. touched触摸。根据句中“confidence”和“on our faces”可知，句中指经过军训，我们得脸上可以看到自信。故选A项。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们大声喊叫，以至于我们的声音可以响彻云霄。A. thoughts想法；B. feelings感觉；C. opinions意见；D. voices声音。根据句中“We shouted so loud”可知，我们大声喊叫，所以我们的声音可以响彻云霄。故选D项。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：现在太阳正对着我们所有人微笑。A. staring凝视；B. laughing笑；C. waving挥手；D. smiling微笑。根据上文“Military training taught us perseverance (坚持不懈) and determination.”可知，军训让我们更加自信，更有决心，由此可知，我们收获了很多，太阳也对着我们微笑，表达了积极美好的含义，“smiling”意为“微笑”，符合语境，“laugh at”意为“嘲笑”，不符合语境。故选D项。
四、语法填空（本题共10小题，每题 1.5 分，共15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Filled with many sights and ____36____ (attract), China is the best destination in the world. Here are the reasons ____37____ China should be at the top of your visit list. China, with a history of over 5,000 years, ____38____ (be) one of the Four Ancient Civilized Countries. You can enjoy Chinese food, tea culture, Chinese medicine as well as poetry and calligraphy (书法) there. China’s ancient treasures are ____39____ (famous) than those in any other country in size and number, from ancient palaces to the Great Wall. Besides, lovely giant pandas are unique ____40____ China. You can even go to meet wild pandas in their ____41____ (nature) habitats with our panda experts. What’s more, with the ____42____(develop) of Chinese public transportation, it is easier to travel anywhere. ____43____ (take) a smart phone in China, you can take ____44____ high-speed train from Beijing to shanghai at 250-350 km/h, buy a coffee with your e-wallet, and ride a shared bike ____45____ (explore) the city.
【答案】36. attractions
37. why 38. is
39. more famous 40. to
41. natural
42. development
43. Taking
44. a
45. to explore
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章表示中国是世界上最适合旅游国家，并罗列出了许多理由。
【36题详解】
考查名词。句意：中国有许多景点，是世界上最好的目的地。空处和名词sights并列，应填名词作介词with的宾语，attraction有吸引力的事物，可数名词，此处应用复数形式。故填attractions。
【37题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：中国应该列在你的旅行名单上的第一位的原因如下。分析句子可知，空处引导定语从句，先行词是reasons，关系词在从句中作原因状语，应用关系副词why引导。故填why。
【38题详解】
考查时态和主谓一致。句意：中国有5000多年的历史，是四大文明古国之一。句子是描述一个事实，应用一般现在时，主语China是专有名词，be动词用is。故填is。
【39题详解】
考查形容词比较级。句意：从古代宫殿到长城，中国的古代珍宝在规模和数量上都比其他任何国家的珍宝更著名。根据“than those”可知，此处应用形容词比较级，故填more famous。
【40题详解】
考查介词。句意：此外，可爱的大熊猫是中国独有的。be unique to……特有，对……来说是独一无二的，固定短语。故填to。
【41题详解】
考查形容词。句意：你甚至可以和我们的熊猫专家一起去野生熊猫的自然栖息地。空处应填形容词作定语，修饰名词habitats，natural自然的，形容词。故填natural。
【42题详解】
考查名词。句意：此外，随着中国公共交通的发展，去任何地方都更容易了。此处应填名词作介词with的宾语，development发展，不可数名词。故填development。
【43题详解】
考查现在分词。句意：在中国，拿着智能手机，你可以乘坐时速250-350公里的高铁从北京到上海，用电子钱包买杯咖啡，骑一辆共享单车去探索这个城市。动词take和逻辑主语you之间是主谓关系，应现在分词作状语，首字母应大写。故填Taking。
【44题详解】
考查不定冠词。句意同上。train是可数名词，此处表示泛指，应用不定冠词。high-speed 首字母的发音为辅音音素。故填a。
【45题详解】
考查动词不定式。句意同上。结合句意可知，此处表示目的，应用动词不定式作目的状语，故填to explore。
五、单词拼写（本题共15小题，每题 1 分，共15分）
46. All students looked forward to ________(提高，改善) their oral English, but few succeeded. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】improving
【解析】
【详解】考查动名词。句意：所有的学生都希望提高自己的英语口语，但很少有人成功。“提高，改善”是improve，look forward to是固定短语，意为“期待”，to是介词，其后跟动名词作宾语，因此空格处用动名词improving作宾语，故填improving。
47. The most proper ________ (策略) may simply be to walk away from the problem. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
【答案】strategy
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：最恰当的策略可能就是回避这个问题。根据汉语提示“策略”，以及上文The most proper可知，此处应填可数名词单数strategy作主语。故填strategy。
48. It’s good to be curious about the world around you because ________(好奇心) is the best teacher.（根据汉语提示单词拼写）
【答案】curiosity
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】考查名词作主语。句意：对周围的世界保持好奇心是件好事，因为好奇心是最好的老师。该句是复合句，含because引导的原因状语从句，表示“好奇心”用不可数名词curiosity，且在从句中作主语。故答案为curiosity。
49. Susan had quit her well-paid job and was working as a ________(志愿者) in the neighborhood when I visited her last month. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】volunteer
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：上个月我去拜访苏珊时，她已经辞去了高薪的工作，在附近做志愿者。“志愿者”是volunteer，空前由a，空格处用单数，故填volunteer。
50. A number of kids are ________(有瘾的，入迷的) to computer games and both parents and society should be responsible for it. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】addicted
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：许多孩子沉迷于电脑游戏，父母和社会都应该对此负责。空格处用形容词作表语，“有瘾的，入迷的”的形容词是addicted，be addicted to意为“沉迷于”。故填addicted。
51. Students as we are, we should a________ what we have learned in class to our daily life. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】apply##pply
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：作为学生，我们应该把在课堂上学到的知识应用到日常生活中。由“what we have learned in class to our daily life”可知，句子表示“我们应该把在课堂上学到的知识应用到日常生活中”，空格处意为“应用”，由首字母提示a可知，是apply，should是情态动词，其后跟动词原形，故填apply。
52. The air in this place is ________(极其) cold and nothing can survive here. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】extremely
【解析】
【详解】考查副词。句意：这里的空气极其寒冷，没有任何生物能在这里生存。空格处用副词作状语修饰形容词cold，“极其”的副词是extremely。故填extremely。
53. She opened a book and ________(假装)to read, with tears dropping on the open page.（根据汉语提示单词拼写）
【答案】pretended
【解析】
【详解】考查动词的时态。句意：她打开了一本书，假装读着，眼泪滴在了开篇那一页上。表示“假装”为动词pretend，和上文opened并列作谓语，故空处也需要用一般过去时态。故填pretended。
54. Do you know how many athletes from around the world will c________ in the 2024 Olympic Games (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】compete##ompete
【解析】
【详解】考查时态。句意：你知道全世界有多少运动员将参加2024年奥运会吗？由“many athletes from around the world”和“in the 2024 Olympic Games”可知，句子表示“你知道全世界有多少运动员将参加2024年奥运会吗”，空格处意为“参加比赛”，由首字母提示c可知，是compete，will是助动词，其后跟动词原形，句子是一般将来时，故填compete。
55. Running is a good way to ________ (强化，加强) our muscles and make us happier and healthier. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】strengthen
【解析】
【详解】考查动词原形。句意：跑步是一种很好的方法来加强我们的肌肉，使我们更快乐和更健康。根据汉语提示可知，strengthen (强化，加强)，动词，符合题意；way to do sth. (做某事的方法)，此处动词不定式作后置定语。故填strengthen。
56. These dead ducks should be ____________(埋葬) immediately since they aren’t fit to be eaten. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】buried
【解析】
【详解】考查被动语态。句意：这些死鸭不宜食用，应立即埋葬。根据汉语提示可知，bury埋葬，动词，符合题意，此处表示被埋葬，所以空处谓语动词需用被动语态：should be done。故填buried。
57. Two people got ______(困住)in the lift this morning when the electricity was cut off. (根据汉语提示填空)
【答案】trapped
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：今天早上停电时，有两人被困在电梯里。根据汉语提示“困住”可知应填动词trap，此处为“get done”结构，trap与people构成被动关系，故应用过去分词，get trapped“被困”。故填trapped。
58. After the disaster happened in this area, soldiers and volunteers were sent to find out whether there were any people who ________(存活).（根据汉语提示单词拼写）
【答案】survived
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】考查动词和时态。句意：在这个地区灾难发生后，士兵和志愿者被派去查明是否有存活的人。根据句意及汉语提示，people为先行词，后接who引导的限制性定语从句，空处在从句中为谓语动词；动词“存活”译为“survive”。主句为一般过去时，从句也用一般过去时，故填survived。
【点睛】
59. All people attending the meeting demanded that the disabled should be e________ treated in life. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】equally##qually
【解析】
【详解】考查副词。句意：所有参加会议的人都要求在生活中平等对待残疾人。由the disabled和treated in life可知，句子表示“所有参加会议的人都要求在生活中平等对待残疾人”，空格处意为“平等地”，用副词作状语修饰动词treated，由首字母提示e可知，“平等地”是equally。故填equally。
60. I would ________(感激) it if you could spare some time to help me with my writing.（根据汉语提示单词拼写）
【答案】appreciate
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：我将不甚感激，如果你能抽出一些时间来帮我练习写作。根据句意及汉语提示，句子宾语为it，空处为谓语，且为及物动词；“感激”译为“appreciate”；“I would appreciate it if you could...”为固定句型，译为“如果你能……，我会很感激的”。空前有助动词would，应填动词原形。故填appreciate。
【点睛】
六、应用文写作（本题共1小题，共15分）
61. 假如你是李华，刚入学高中。你的英国笔友Mike给你发了一封邮件，询问你的暑假生活，并对你即将开始的高中生活很感兴趣。请你根据以下要点给他写封回信：
1.暑假生活的简要描述；
2.你对高中学校的第一印象；
注意：1.词数80左右；2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Mike,
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Mike,
How are you doing I feel so grateful to receive your letter asking about my summer vacation and my new high school life. As for me, everything is a new start.
During the holiday, I made an attempt to take regular exercise and preview my lessons to prepare for my new school life. I spent a meaningful holiday.
When it comes to my senior high school, the first impression of it is unforgettable. The school yard is big and beautiful with all kinds of trees and flowers, providing us with a good environment. Besides, all the teachers are friendly and I firmly believe we’ll make great progress with them teaching us. I really love my new school.
Looking forward to hearing from you!
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给英国笔友Mike写封邮件，简要描述你的暑假生活和你对高中学校的第一印象。
【详解】1.词汇积累
感激的：grateful→thankful
有意义的：meaningful→significative
难忘的：unforgettable→memorable
另外：besides→moreover
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：The school yard is big and beautiful with all kinds of trees and flowers, providing us with a good environment.
拓展句：The school yard is big and beautiful with all kinds of trees and flowers, which provide us with a good environment.
【点睛】[高分句型1] The school yard is big and beautiful with all kinds of trees and flowers, providing us with a good environment. (运用了现在分词作状语)
[高分句型2] Besides, all the teachers are friendly and I firmly believe we’ll make great progress with them teaching us. (运用了that引导的宾语从句，省略了that)
