新概念英语第二册 Lesson 9 A cold welcome 讲义

Lesson 9 A cold welcome
On Wednesday evening, we went to the Town Hall. It was the last day of the year and a large crowd of people had gathered under the Town Hall clock. It would strike twelve in twenty minutes' time. Fifteen minutes passed and then, at five to twelve, the clock stopped. The big minute hand did not move. We waited and waited, but nothing happened. Suddenly someone shouted. 'It's two minutes past twelve! The clock has stopped!' I looked at my watch. It was true. The big clock refused to welcome the New Year. At that moment, everybody began to laugh and sing.
参考译文
星期三的晚上，我们去了市政厅。那是一年的最后一天，一大群人聚集在市政厅的大钟下面。再过20分钟，大钟将敲响12下。15分钟过去了，而就在11点55分时，大钟停了。那根巨大的分针不动了。我们等啊等啊，可情况没有变化。突然有人喊道：“已经12点零2分了！那钟已经停了！”我看了一下我的手表，果真如此。那座大钟不愿意迎接新年。此时，大家已经笑了起来，同时唱起了歌。
词汇
1.welcome n.v.欢迎
① n. 欢迎
a cold welcome 冷遇
② v. 欢迎
welcome to+地点
welcome to China；
welcome to my home；
welcome home；
welcome back
③ adj. 受欢迎的
You are welcome.
You are welcome to+地点
cold fish 冷漠的人
My brother is a cold fish.
英语中有许多以动物代替人的词，如：lucky dog 幸运的
2.crowd
① n. 人群
in the crowd 在人群中
I spotted him in the crowd.
我在人群中一眼就认出了他
a crowd of people
一群人，没有次序的人群, 拥挤的人群
a group of people
一群人，有次序的人群
② v.拥挤, 挤满
a large crowd of people 一大群人
crowds of people 许多人, 人山人海
crowded 拥挤的
follow the crowd 随大流
crowd into 涌进
be crowded with 挤满，充满，满是
The bus was crowded with passengers.
公共汽车里挤满了乘客。
表示群体的短语构成和理解
a crowd of an army of
a cloud of a group of
3.gather
① vt. 使集拢，集合，召集
He gathered a large crowd of people round him.
②vt 收集，采集，收（庄稼等）
to gather information 搜集资料
gather crops收庄稼
The children are out in the fieldgathering flowers.
孩子们在外面地里采花。
It has taken me a lifetime to gatherall these books.
收集所有这些书花了我一辈子的时间。
③ vi. 集拢，聚集，集合
They gathered under the Town Hallclock.
people gathered 人们聚集在一起, 尤指自发性的聚集
gather one's brows皱眉
4.hand n.(表或机器的)指针
minute/second/hour hand:分/秒/时针
Which is the oldest --second hand
因为second hand还有“二手的，旧的”意思
5.refuse
① vt. 拒绝（接受、服从等）
She refused the gift.
② vt. 拒不，不肯，不愿
John refused to change his mind. 约翰拒不改变主意。
③ vi. 拒绝，不接受
I offered to pay him for his help, but he refused.
对于他的帮助我提出给他报酬，但他拒绝了
6.shout v.喊叫
call out 大声喊叫
cry out大声哭喊
scream尖叫　　　
7. strike
① v. 打，击
She struck the man in the face.
② v. 敲，弹（钟，乐器等）
strike the clock（人）敲钟
clock strike 钟自己响
Listen, the clock is striking.
striketwelve 数字表示敲击的次数
beat：连续不断的打 beatdrums:敲鼓
敲门用knock，敲钟用strike
hit和strike在一定时候可以互换，都是一次性打，strike:hit hard
语法
引导时间状语的介词in/on/at/during/till与until
1. 用in的时间短语有：
① 表示一天中的某段时间：
in the morning；in the afternoon；in the evening
② 表示周、月份、年份：in a week；in January；in Feb；in 1992
③ 表示季节：in summer；in spring；in autumn；in winter
in+表示时间长度的短语可以表示"在某段时间之内"，这时可以与现在时、过去时或将来时连用，一般与完成某动作有关；还可译为"……时间之后"，一般与将来时连用。根据时态判别in表示的含义。
in twenty minutes' time 20分钟之后
We will finish classin half an hour.
2. 用on的时间短语有：
① 表示星期：on Monday；on Friday
② 表示日期：on June 1st；on 23rd March（在书写日期时没有冠词，
③ 表示星期+日期：on Monday, June 1st
④ 表示具体时间：on Wednesday evening; on fine afternoon; on that day
3. 用 at 的时间短语有：
① 表示确切的时间：at five to twelve;at ten o'clock
② 表示用餐时间：at lunch/dinner time;at teatime
③ 表示其他时刻：at night;at noon;at midnight;at that time 4. during在……期间，后必须跟一个名词，可以指整个一段时间，有可以用 in替代　
He has phoned four times during thelast half hour.
I met him sometime during the week.
我是在这一周的某天遇到他的。
during the holiday
强调假期的从头到尾
He enjoyed himself during hisholiday.
in the holiday
强调这段时间其中某一点时间, 并不表示自始至终　
I was caught in anaccident in the holiday.
5. from…till… 指一段明确的时间：
The tourist season runsfrom June till October.
6. until prep.&coin. 直到……时候，直到什么时候为止, 直到什么时候才
until主句和从句两个都用一般过去时对(最习惯的一种用法), 主句和从句任何一个用过去完成是也对。
I can't enter for the sports meetinguntil tomorrow.
I had not understood the problemuntil he explained it.
We hadn't disturbed him until hefinished work.
We didn't disturb him until he hadfinished work.
We didn't disturb him until hefinished work.(更习惯于这种用法)
7. from…to…
Everyday we have English class from8:30 to 11:30
关于时间表示方法 : What's the time /What time is it
A整点 : A o'clock
A点 B 分（B<30）: A B / B past A
A点15分 : A fifteen / fifteen past A / a quarter past A
A点30分 : A thirty / half past A
A点B分(B>30) : A B / (60-B) to (A+1)
A点45分 : A forty-five / a quarter to (A+1) / fifteen to (A+1)
课文讲解
1.On Wednesday evening, we went to the Town Hall.
　　语言点 the Town Hall=the City Hall市政厅
　　hall意为“大厅，大堂;过道，走廊”：school hall礼堂;meeting hall会议厅;exhibition hall展览厅;the Great Hall of the People人民大会堂
　2.It was the last day of the year and a large crowd of people had gathered under the Town Hall clock.
　　语言点 last的常用意义：
　　1)上一个：last year去年;last month上个月;last summer去年夏天
　　2)(=final)最后的：on the last/final day of summer vacaion在暑假的最后一天
　3.It would strike twelve in twenty minutes' time.
　　语言点1 "in+一段时间"可表示“一段时间之内”;也可用于表示“一段时间之后”，多用于将来时。
　　1)在……内：The bird covered the distance in 3 minutes.这只鸽子只用了3分钟就飞越了这段距离。
　　2)在……之后(多与将来时连用)：I will come back in 5 days.我将在5天后回来。
　　语言点2 would在此处表示过去将来时。
　4.Fifteen minutes passed and then, at five to twelve, the clock stopped.
　　语言点1 时间段+passed and then=时间段+later……(多长时间)过后
　　语言点2 时间表示法：表示几点差几分用to，表示几点过几分用past，通常在半小时之内：
　　5:40 twenty to six 5:20 twenty past five
　　12:16 sixteen past twelve 1:32 twenty-eight to two
　　语言点3 比较学习：pass;past
　　pass v.通过;n.通行证;及格
　　past n.过去;adj.过去的;prep.越过
　5.The big minute hand did not move.
　　语言点 move这里作“移动”讲，如：Move away from the window.从窗户那儿移开。
　6.We waited and waited, but nothing happened.
　语言点1 用and连接两个重复的动词，表强调，用于形容动作的程度和频率。
　语言点2 What happened to you 你怎么了 /What happened to your car 你的汽车出什么事了 　　
7.Suddenly someone shouted, It's two minutes past twelve! The clock has stopped!'I looked at my watch. It was true.
　　语言点1 有关look的短语：
look at看着;look for寻找;look after照顾
　　语言点2 比较学习：
　　1)true真实的，强调符合事实或名副其实的：true love真爱;true friendship真正的友谊
　　It's true.是真的。
　　2)real真正的，强调人或事物是真实存在的：real life真实的生活;real reason真正的理由;real story真实的故事
　8.At that moment everybody began to laugh and sing.
　　语言点 at the moment=just then在那一刻。