谈论环境问题并提出建议
写作任务
假如你是Ann，来自美国，目前在中国某城市做交换生。你很喜欢这座城市，但同时你也发现了该市存在一些环境问题。恰好该市开通了中英双语市民意见箱，请你给市长写一封信，反映相关环境问题，分析造成的原因并提出改善建议。
【审清题目】
内容：存在的环境问题、造成的原因及改善建议
文体：应用文（书信）；信的主体部分为说明文
人称：以第三人称为主
时态：以一般现在时为主
【头脑风暴】
【提供素材】
常用语块
补全下列语块对应的英文表达。
Problems White pollution Noise pollution Air pollution
Causes overuse of (1)________________(塑料杯) / bags /bottles ..., fewer alternatives (可供选择的事物) available ... construction (施工) activities at nighttime, (3)________________(播放音乐) publicly, dance to loud music in public places ... (5)________________(越来越多的轿车) on the road, open burning of trash (露天焚烧垃圾) ...
Suggestions (2)________________(制定法律) to limit (限制) the use of them, encourage people to use recyclable (可再循环的) cups / bags / bottles ..., improve waste management ... build noise barriers (隔音屏障), raise people's awareness (意识) of the harm of noise pollution, (4)________________(种树) ... promote new energy vehicles (推广新能源汽车), call on people to (6)________________(乘坐公共交通), avoid burning leaves, trash and other materials ...
Key: 1. plastic cups 2. make laws 3. play music 4. plant trees 5. more and more cars 6. take public transportation
常用句型
1. Why not / Why don't you ...
2. You must / should keep in mind that ...
3. You'd better ...
4. You could / should ... so that ...
5. You can also ... by ...
6. I advise you to ...
7. I suggest you (should) ...
8. It might be ... for you to ...
9. It's a good idea to ...
10. It's important / necessary to ...
【谋篇布局】
将括号内的汉语翻译成英语，补全短文。
称呼 Dear Mr. Mayor,
介绍自己并说明写信原因 My name is Ann and I come from America. As an exchange student, I fell in love with the city the first day I arrived. But as time goes by, I have found an environmental problem that is troubling not only me but also the people around me. (1)_______________________(我希望政府能做点什么来解决它).
指出环境问题并分析原因 The environmental problem I want to talk about is noise pollution. It isn't like other kinds of pollution that can be seen or touched. (2)_______________________(它只能被听到). However, most people hardly realize that it is they who are making noise pollution. For example, some people play loud music publicly on the bus or subway. (3)_______________________(有些人伴着大声的音乐跳舞) on squares or in parks to keep healthy. What's more, some machines are still making a lot of loud noise on construction sites at nighttime.
提出相应建议 (4)_______________________(噪音污染已经对我的生活造成很大影响), and I'm wondering how it can be reduced (减少). I have some ideas that could help. First, the government is supposed to introduce some policies (政策) to fight noise pollution. Second, the government could reduce noise pollution by building noise barriers. Last but not least, (5)_______________________(让人们意识到噪音污染的危害是很重要的).
表达希望 I believe our city will become a more beautiful city if more attention can be put towards reducing noise pollution.
结尾 Sincerely, Ann
Keys:
1. I hope the government can do something to solve it
2. It can only be heard
3. Some people dance to loud music
4. My life has been greatly influenced by noise pollution / Noise pollution has greatly influenced my life
5. it's important to make people realize the harm of noise pollution重点语法复习(一)
现在进行时
◆用法：表示现在(说话瞬间)正在进行或发生的动作，也可表示当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作。
◆构成：be (am / is / are)+动词-ing形式。
◆标志性词汇：now, right now, look, listen等。
used to的用法
◆used to意为“过去常常”，表示过去的习惯性动作或状态，其后接动词原形。
◆used to的否定形式是didn’t use to；一般疑问句句式为“Did ... use to ... ”。
被动语态
◆当主语为动作的承受者时，谓语要用被动语态，动作的执行者由by 引出。
◆被动语态的构成为“be+及物动词的过去分词”。
◆含情态动词的被动语态的构成为“情态动词+be+及物动词的过去分词”。
现在完成时
◆用法：1. 表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。2. 表示过去某一时间开始并一直持续到现在(包括“现在”在内)的动作或状态。这种用法中的动词多是延续性动词。
◆构成：have / has+动词的过去分词。
◆标志性词汇：already, yet, ever, never, just, before, once, twice, recently, for, since, so far, in the past / last ...等。
情态动词
◆情态动词本身有一定的意义，表示说话人的情绪、态度和语气，但不能单独作谓语。初中阶段常见的情态动词有can (could), may (might), must / have to, need, shall (should), will (would)等。
◆情态动词无人称和数的变化(have to除外)，其后跟动词原形。个别情态动词有过去式(如can→could)，除表示时态外，还可用来表达更加客气、委婉的语气。
◆情态动词有一个很重要的用法，即情态动词表示推测。在肯定句中，有把握的推测用must，意为“一定；肯定”；把握不大的推测用could或might。在否定句中，有把握的推测用can’t，意为“不可能”。
【练习】单项选择
( )1. —Bruce _______ so much in the past two years.
—Yeah, he _______ be shy, but now he is confident and active.
A. has changed; used to B. changed; is used to
C. changed; used to D. has changed; is used to
(2022 四川达州)
( )2. The workers _______ the community center now.
A. cleaned B. were cleaning C. will clean D. are cleaning
(2022 北京)
( )3. —You look pretty busy. What's up
—We _______ for an office party this Friday evening. There will be about thirty people, and I am the organizer.
A. prepare B. have prepared C. are preparing D. were preparing
(2022 内蒙古包头)
( )4. We _______ each other since we met in the last summer camp.
A. won't see B. haven't seen C. didn't see
(2022 海南)
( )5. —I haven't seen Li Ming for days. Why
—He _______ Beijing. He will come back next month.
A. has been to B. has gone to C. will go to
(2022 四川凉山州)
( )6. It's a long time! I can't remember when this picture _______ in Jinshan Park.
A. was taken B. takes C. is taken D. took
(2022 江苏镇江)
( )7. The tea in Yunnan is so famous that it _______ to places across the world every day.
A. sends B. sent C. is sent D. will be sent
(2022 云南昆明)
( )8. A new supermarket _______ on Center Street next year.
A. was built B. will be built C. is built
(2022 湖南郴州)
( )9. During the Tang dynasty (唐朝), nearly everything produced in the world _______ on the streets of Chang'an.
A. is found B. has been found C. will be found D. could be found
(2022 湖北武汉)
( )10. —I don't care what Kate thinks.
—Well, you _______. Her suggestions are of some value.
A. would B. should C. might D. could
(2022 江苏镇江)
( )11. —Excuse me. _______ I sit here
—You'd better not. It's the man's seat.
A. Must B. Need C. Could D. Should
(2022 四川雅安)
( )12. —Must we wear the school clothes tomorrow, Mr. Wang
—No, you _______. Only on Mondays. Tomorrow is Tuesday.
A. mustn't B. needn't C. can't
(2022 四川乐山)
( )13. —Look! Mark is reading a book in the library.
—It _______ be him. He is in the classroom.
A. can't B. wouldn't C. needn't
(2022 吉林)
( )14. —Whose English book is this
—It _______ be Lily's, but I'm not sure.
A. might B. can't C. must
(2022 湖南怀化)
【参考答案】
1-5 ADCBB 6-10 ACBDB 11-14 CBAA
