河南省卢氏一高分校2015届高三第13次周考英语试题（含详细解析）

卢氏一高分校高三英语第13次周考试题
命题人：王伟丽 审题人：柳玉理 时间：2015-01-10
第一部分：阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
The Healthy Habits Survey (调查) shows that only about one third of American seniors have correct habits. Here are some findings and expert advice.
1. How many times did you brush your teeth yesterday?
?Finding: A full 33% of seniors brush their teeth only once a day.
?Step: Remove the 300 types of bacteria in your mouth each morning with a battery-operated toothbrush. Brush gently for 2 minutes at least twice a day.
2. How many times did you wash your hands or bathe yesterday?
?Finding: Seniors, on average, bathe fewer than 3 days a week. And nearly 30% wash their hands only 4 times a day—half of the number doctors recommend.
?Step: We touch our faces around 3,000 times a day—often inviting germs (病菌) to enter our mouth, nose, and eyes. Use toilet paper to avoid touching the door handle. And, most important, wash your hands often with hot running water and soap for 20 seconds.
3. How often do you think about fighting germs?
?Finding: Seniors are not fighting germs as well as they should.
?Step: Be aware of germs. Do you know it is not your toilet but your kitchen sponge (海绵) that can carry more germs than anything else? To kill these germs, keep your sponge in the microwave for 10 seconds.
1. What is found out about American seniors?
A. Most of them have good habits.
B. Nearly 30% of them bathe three days a week.
C. All of them are fighting germs better than expected.
D. About one third of them brush their teeth only once a day.
2. Doctors suggest that people should wash their hands .
A. twice a day　　 B. three times a day　　
C. four times a day　　 D. eight times a day
3. Which of the following is true according to the text?
A. We should keep from touching our faces.
B. There are less than 300 types of bacteria in the mouth.
C. A kitchen sponge can carry more germs than a toilet.
D. We should wash our hands before touching a door handle.
4. The text probably comes from .　　
A. a guide book　　 B. a popular magazine　　
C. a book review　　D. an official document
B
When I was about twelve, I headed to a restaurant for dinner with my family. It was winter, and on that particular night, the wind was really blowing. As my mom and I headed towards the restaurant from our car, a girl about my age and her mother came up to us. They asked if we had any spare change. My mom immediately asked where they kept their things. They pointed to an old car in a parking across the street. The girl said there were six of them living in that car, which was the same size as my own family.
My mom said she had something to do after handing the people a few dollars. She sent me inside the restaurant with my dad and my three siblings. But she didn’t come.
Later, I found out she had gone home and practically emptied our cupboards into a few bags. Then, she brought that food over to the car and handed the bags to the family. I wasn’t there when that part happened, but I can only imagine the joy it brought to their faces.
A few days later, when I actually found out about what she had done, I asked her why she helped those people. She told me that they were not lucky. I remember the face of that girl who had asked us for change; she was the same age as me, yet we looked so different.
Here I stood, dressed in almost new clothes, headed to dine in a restaurant and then back home to the bedroom I shared with my younger sister. I remember thinking that the girl didn’t have any food to eat and that she was heading back to a cold car shared with five other people.
After painting this picture in my mind, I understood why my mom had done what she did. I will never forget what she did that night, and how she taught me one of the best lessons I ever learned.
5. What can be inferred from the first paragraph?
A. The girl’s family lived a hard life.
B. The author was happy to go to a restaurant.
C. The girl’s family lived in an old house.
D. The author’s family was the same size as the girl.
6. Which of the following best describes the author’s mother?
A. Reliable and determined.
B. Cautious and friendly.
C. Considerate and enthusiastic.
D. Unusual and optimistic.
7. What might be the author’s purpose by writing the text?
A. To seek help for the poor family.
B. To tell us to show love to others.
C. To give a brief introduction of her mother.
D. To complain about some social problems.
C
My students often tell me that they don’t have? “enough time”? to do all their schoolwork.
My reply is often a brief? “You have as much time as the president.”?　I usually carry on a bit about there being twenty-four hours in the day for everyone, and suggest that? “not enough time”? is not an acceptable explanation of not getting something done.
Once in graduate school, I tried to prove to one of my professors by saying that I was working hard. His answer to me was,　“That’s irrelevant (无关的). What’s important is the quality of your work.”?　Since then I have had time to think carefully about the? “hard worker”? dodge (诀窍) , and I have come to some conclusions—all relevant to the problem of how much time we have.
If you analyze the matter, you can identify two parts of the problem: There is, of course, the matter of? “time” , which we can think of as fixed. Then there is the problem of? “work”? during that time. But, as my professor suggested, it’s not how hard one works but the quality of the product that’s important.
That led me to a new idea: the quality of the work. That concept is perhaps best explained by a sign I once saw on the wall in someone’s office:　“Don’t work harder. Work smarter.”?　There is a lot of sense in that idea.
If you can’t get more time, and few of us can, the only solution is to improve the quality of the work. That means thinking of ways to get more out of the same time than we might otherwise get. That should lead us to an analysis of our work habits. Since? “work”? for students usually means? “homework” , the expression? “work habits”? should be read as? “study habits” .
Then, as a smart student, you will seek to improve those skills that you use in study, chiefly reading and writing. If you learn to read better and write better, there are big benefits that pay off in all your studies.
8. From the passage, we know that the author is probably　　　. ?
A. a poet　　B. an educator　　C. a novelist　　D. an engineer
9. We can infer from the 2nd paragraph that we students still　　　. ?
A. have enough time B. can meet the president
C. get everything done well D. should accept the explanation
10. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
A. The author’s students make good use of their time to do all their homework.
B. The author tried to tell the professor that he/she (the author) had done a good job.
C. You can’t improve the quality of the work if you can’t get more time.
D. You’ll try to improve your skills in reading and writing if you’re a clever student.
11. What’s the passage mainly about?
A. Students don’t have enough time. B. Don’t work harder; work smarter.
C. No one can get more time. D. Read better and write better.
D
In a recent announcement, Harvard and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) said that they have joined forces to offer free online courses in an effort to attract millions of online learners worldwide.
Beginning this fall, a number of courses developed by teachers at both universities will be offered online through a new $60 million program, known as edX. “Anyone with an Internet connection anywhere in the world can use our online courses,”? Harvard President Drew Faust said during a meeting to announce the plan.
MIT has offered a program called OpenCourseWare for ten years that makes materials from more than 2,000 classes free online. It has been used by more than 100 million people. In December, the school announced it also would begin offering a special certificate, known as MITx, for people who complete certain online courses. Harvard has long offered courses to a wider population through a similar program.
The MITx will serve as the foundation for the new learning platform.
MIT President Susan Hockfield said more than 120,000 people signed up for the first MITx course. She said Harvard and MIT hope other universities will join them in offering courses on the open-source edX platform.
“Fasten your seatbelts,”? Hockfield said. ?
Other universities, including Stanford, Yale and Carnegie-Mellon, have been experimenting with teaching to a global population online.
The Harvard-MIT program will be monitored by a not-for-profit (非盈利的) organization based in Cambridge, to be owned equally by the two universities. Both MIT and Harvard have provided $30 million to start the program. They also plan to use the edX platform to research how students learn and which teaching methods and tools are most successful.
12. According to this text, edX is . ?
A. a part of the free MIT OpenCourseWare
B. a free computer program by MIT and Harvard
C. a Harvard-MIT platform of free online courses
D. a free program online for universities worldwide
13. What is said about online education in the text?
A. Universities have been trying online courses.
B. About 2,000 online courses have been offered.
C. Over 100 million people have finished courses online.
D. Stanford and Yale together have courses similar to edX.
14. The underlined part in the text probably means . ?
A. Get ready for the difficulties
B. Get ready for this educational change
C. Get prepared to complete the online courses
D. Get prepared to make materials for the edX courses
15. What can be said about MITx according to the text?
A. It is first offered as part of the edX learning program.
B. It is another free MIT-Harvard online learning program.
C. It is a standard to recognize online learners’ achievement.
D. It is a new kind of free online course of Harvard and MIT.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Raising Confident Kids
Self-esteem(自尊) is a collection of beliefs or feelings we have about ourselves. Having a healthy self-esteem can protect us through difficult times and help us remain focused on what is important to us. Research shows that children with high self-esteem grow up to be more confident adults. Self-esteem building should start from young. 16
Praise actions
Young children need feedback. It’s how they measure their actions and it plays a role in learning from experience. Provide specific praise about actual actions performed and efforts made in the process. 17
Identify strengths
Preschoolers are always watching each other. On the bright side, they learn new things from each other. On the other side, they can become self-critical when they see a peer accomplishing something they still struggle to do. 18 Tell your children to focus on their strengths when they start to draw comparisons.
Foster(培养) a sense of belonging
Young children may not understand how peer pressure (同龄人的压力) works, but they feel it when they’re being excluded(排除). Show your children that they are important by listening to and responding to their needs and ideas. As much as possible, save grown-up conversations for later so that you can have family conversations. 19
20
As much as they need us, they also need to work on taking small steps towards independence. When they know they can do things, they feel more confident. Teach problem-solving skills. Step aside and let them work on challenges before jumping in to help. Help by asking, “ How can we do this in a different way? Let’s come up with some ideas together.”
Getting kids involved in problem-solving teaches them how to deal with challenges in the future.
Building and maintaining healthy self-esteem can be a lifelong process, but the sooner you start, the more confident your children will become.
A. Encourage Independence
B. Spend quality time with children
C. Try to address their concerns as they arise, no matter how minor.
D. If praise is only attached to success, kids will focus on “ winning”.
E. Be sure to point out your children’s strengths regularly and be specific.
F. Below are some tips to help you promote your children’s self-esteem.
G. Each parent has the responsibility to help children to become confident.
第二部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节 完形填空(共20小题；每小题l.5分, 满分30分)
阅读下面短文, 从短文后各题所给的四个选项、(A、B、C和D)中, 选出可以填人空白处的最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑.
It was the old lady’s birthday. She got up early to be ready for the post. From the second floor flat she could see the postman when he came down the street, and a little boy, Johnnie, 　21　her letters from the ground floor on the rare 22 when anything came. ?
Today she was sure there would be something. Myra 23　forget her mother’s birthday, even if she24　wrote at other times. Of course Myra was busy, but 25　, Enid, the daughter the old lady loved most, died two years ago. Since then Myra had seen her mother three times, but her husband, Harold, never. ?
The old lady was eighty this day. She had put on her best dress. Perhaps—perhaps Myra might come. After all, eighty was a26　birthday, another decade lined or tolerated just as you chose to look at it. 27　Myra did not come, she would send a present. The old lady was28　of that. Two spots of colour29　her cheeks. She was30　like a child. She would enjoy her day! ?
Now, she stood by the window, 31　. The postman turned round the corner on his bicycle. Her heart beat32　. Johnnie saw him too and ran to the gate. Then clatter (咔嗒声) , clatter up the stairs. Johnnie knocked at her door. He had got her post—four envelopes. Three were unclosed cards from old friends. The fourth was closed, in Myra’s writing. The old lady felt a sharp pain of33　. There was no parcel for her! Maybe the parcel was too large to come by letter post. That was it. It would come later by parcel post. She said to herself. She must be34　. ?
Almost35　she tore the envelope open. 36　in the card was a piece of paper. Written on the card was a message under the printed Happy Birthday—Buy yourself something nice with the37　, Myra and Harold. The cheque moved quickly to the floor like a bird with a broken wing. Slowly the old lady38　to pick it up. Her present! Her39　present! With40　fingers she tore it into little bits. ?
21. A. took away
B. brought up
C. moved off
D. set down
22. A. occasion
B. opportunity
C. ceremony
D. anniversary
23. A. mustn’t
B. mightn’t
C. wouldn’t
D. needn’t
24. A. occasionally
B. always
C. almost
D. seldom
25. A. unhappily
B. unfortunately
C. unforgettably
D. unkindly
26. A. casual
B. remote
C. special
D. conventional
27. A. Even if
B. So that
C. In case
D. Now that
28. A. proud
B. capable
C. sure
D. afraid
29. A. sharpened
B. weakened
C. widened
D. brightened
30. A. excited
B. alarmed
C. inspired
D. satisfied
31. A. thinking
B. imagining
C. welcoming
D. watching
32. A. steadily
B. wildly
C. nervously
D. randomly
33. A. discontent
B. loneliness
C. disappointment
D. annoyance
34. A. patient
B. anxious
C. urgent
D. mild
35.A. immediately
B. cheerfully
C. angrily
D. unwillingly
36. A. Pinned
B. Folded
C. Lined
D. Roped
37. A. card
B. bonus
C. cheque
D. cash
38. A. bent
B. leaned
C. struggled
D. stretched
39. A. painful
B. sad
C. expensive
D. lovely
40. A. moving
B. trembling
C. reacting
D. freezing
第二节（共10小题；每小题1. 5分，满分15分）
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（不多于3个单词）或括号内单词
的正确形式。
No one knows what would happen in the future for sure. 41 we often think of the future and wonder what the world would be like 42 a hundred years' time.
Think of space. Perhaps 43 permanent station on the moon will have been set up. Perhaps people will be able to visit the moon 44 tourists. Cheap rockets for space travel will have been developed, 45 (permit) long journeys throughout the solar system. 46 that time comes, people will be taking holidays in space 47 visiting other planets, such as the Mars Colony and the Venus Exploration Outpost.
Scientists of the future will almost certainly find other ways to make life last
48 (long). 49 probably will find cures for most diseases. Hospitals will probably have "body banks" that can give you almost any new part you need to keep on 50 (live). People of the future may live to be a lot older than 100 years.
第三部分：写作（共两节，满分35分）
第一节：短文改错（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分）
Recently, as the development of the Internet, there is a kind of language calling the Web Language. The other day our class had a discussion about if we should welcome the Web Language. Forty percent of the students think it ridiculous. In their opinions, it does no good to helping people communicating, nor is it useful for learning English. Besides, it’ll make Chinese more standard and pure, finally ruining our mother tongue. However, 69% of our class is fond of it. They think it is simple, convenient and helpful in expressing them. Personally, it’s not good habit to use the Web Language. It may be popular, but you may also make yourself be misunderstood.
第二节：书面表达（满分25分）
某英语报社开辟了中学生习作专栏。本期的话题是：注重日常学习、工作和生活中的细节。因为细节往往决定成败。请你以“We Should Pay Much Attention to Details”为题，用英语写一篇短文，谈谈自己的一些看法。
注意：1.词数100左右。
高三英语周考13参考答案
阅读： 1-4 DDCB 5-7 ACB 8-11 BADB 12-15 CABC
16-20 FDECA
完形: 21-25 BACDB 26-30 CACDA 31-35 DBCAD 36-40 BCADB
语法填空：41.But 42.in 43.a 44.as 45.permitting
46.when 47.and 48.longer 49.They 50.living
改错：1.as→with 2.calling→called 3.if→whether
4.opinions→opinion 5.communicating→communicate
6.more→less 7.is→are 8.them→themselves
9.not后加a 10.去掉be
【参考范文】
We Should Pay Much Attention to Details
Some people may think that one who wants to achieve great success shouldn’t pay much attention to details. But sometimes it is the details that determine our success, for they may be the very thing that has a great impact on what we’re doing.
Since we have realized the importance of details, what should we do? First, we should form the habit of being careful, because a careful person will rarely overlook details. What’s more, we should learn to keep the balance of quantity and quality. We may find that when faced with lots of work, the faster we do it, the more mistakes we will make. Why? Because when we work at high speed, the only thing we care about is quantity in which case we are more likely to neglect the details.
As far as I’m concerned, we should keep it in mind that quality comes first, without which quantity is of no significance.
部分解析：
A 篇
[解析]　[语篇解读]　本文为应用文, 为介绍说明类——调查报告。本文介绍了一项对美国年长者健康生活习惯的调查结果及专家建议。
1.D　细节理解题。根据第一条调查结果 “A full 33% of seniors brush their teeth only once a day.”? 可知D项正确。
2.D　细节理解题。根据第二条调查结果中30%的年长者一天洗手四次, 而这个是 “half of the number doctors recommend”　(医生建议数目的一半) , 故医生建议每天洗手的次数应该是八次。
3.C　细节理解题。在第三个Step中, 作者用了一个强调句型 “... it is not your toilet but your kitchen sponge (海绵) that can carry more germs than anything else?” 来说明: 不是你的洗手间而是你厨房里面的海绵携带的病菌最多。故选C项。
4.B　推理判断题。A: 导游指南; B: 大众杂志; C: 书评; D: 官方文件。本文是一份关于健康的调查报告, 出现的地方最可能是杂志, 故选B项。
B篇
解析]　[语篇解读]　妈妈用自己的实际行动给女儿上了人生中重要的一课——善良。
5.A　推理判断题。根据第一段 “女孩和她的妈妈向作者的妈妈讨要零钱” 以及 “她们住在一辆旧汽车里” , 不难推断出她们的生活很困难。D项干扰较大, 但它是该段最后一句直接给出的信息, 非推断所得, 故排除。
6.C　推理判断题。根据文章第二、三段的描述可知, 妈妈在给了她们一些钱后, 立刻返回家中拿上食物, 走向那辆破旧的汽车, 将几袋子的食物送给了那家人。由此推断, 这里是描写妈妈体贴、周到而又热心的一面, 并非 “可靠和有决心”? “谨慎和友好” 以及 “与众不同和乐观” 。
7.B　推理判断题。作者讲述妈妈帮助穷人让自己有所触动的故事, 是为了告诉读者要善待他人, 做一个有爱心的人。
C篇
[解析]　[语篇解读]　本文是一篇议论文。每个人每天拥有的时间都是相同的, 那么想把事情做好就要有一定的技巧了。作者认为: 不要苦干, 要巧干。
8.B　推理判断题。根据第1段首句中My students可以推断出作者从事教育行业。
9.A　推理判断题。本段 (第2段) 指出: You have as much time as the president. 以及 “not enough time”? is not an acceptable explanation of... ( “时间不够” 作为 ……的理由是不可接受的) 由此可推断出答案。
10.D　细节理解题。根据最后一段的第1句Then, as a smart student, you will seek to improve those skills that you use in study, chiefly reading and writing. 可知D项正确。
11.B　主旨大意题。通读全文可知本文主题为: 不要苦干, 要巧干。
D篇
[解析]　[语篇解读]　本文为说明文, 题材为介绍说明类。文章向读者介绍了哈佛大学和麻省理工学院向公众提供免费网络课程, 还有很多大学也将陆续加入其中。
12.C　细节理解题。根据文章第一段... Harvard and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) said that they have joined forces to offer free online courses... 以及第二段第一句话... a number of courses... at both universities will be offered online... known as edX. 可知本题应选C项。
13.A　推理判断题。第一段首先提到Harvard and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) said that they have joined forces to offer free online courses, 及文章第七段Other universities... have been experimenting with teaching to a global population online. 可知很多所大学都已开始尝试网络课程, 故选择A项。
14.B　词义猜测题。此句话直译为 “系好你的安全带” , 根据常识可知系好安全带说明马上出发, 在此可能指马上要做某事, 此句话的前一句中Harvard and MIT hope other universities will join them in offering courses, 由此可知这里是号召其他学校也加入到变革的行列中来, 故选择B项。
15.C　推理判断题。根据文章第三段第三句... it also would begin offering a special certificate, known as MITx, for people who complete certain online courses. 可知MITx可以为完成这些网络课程的人们做认证, 故选择C.
完形
[解析]　[语篇解读]　亲情是最珍贵的 “礼物” 。本文叙述的是一个80 岁的老人在生日来临之际对自己唯一的一位亲人的一种殷殷期盼, 但她最终盼来的却是一种无言的伤痛和深深的失望。
21.B　此句是说把信件从the ground floor 拿到the second floor。bring up拿上来; take away 带走; move off 出发, 动身; set down 写下, 放下。
22.A　此处是指在特别的 “场合” , 与下文　4　空后at other times 作对比。opportunity机会; ceremony典礼, 仪式; anniversary周年纪念日。?
23.C　由后半句even if she... wrote at other times推知此处是指老人坚信女儿 “一定不会” 忘记自己的生日。mustn’t 禁止; mightn’t 不可能; needn’t 不需要。
24.D　从下文可知Myra 由于工作繁忙, 平常 “很少” 给妈妈写信。
25.B　最爱的女儿Enid 的离去自然是一件不幸的事情。
26.C　? “人生70 古来稀” , 80 岁生日自然尤为 “特别” 。casual 随意的; remote遥远的; conventional传统的。
27.A　 句意: 即使Myra不来, 她也会寄一份礼物过来。so that以便于; in case 以防, 万一; now that 既然。
28.C　 此时老人的心情是 “坚信的” , 通过下文对老人面部表情的描述, 可见老人对自己的推测是确信无疑的。be proud of 对……感到骄傲; be capable of 能够; be afraid of 害怕; be sure of 确信。
29.D　体会语段中的描写可知, 老人的脸上荡漾着激动的笑容。brighten (使) 露出喜色,? (使) 快乐起来; sharpen削尖; weaken削弱; widen拓宽。
30.A　根据前一句对老人面部表情的描述可知老人很兴奋。alarmed警觉的; inspired 鼓舞的; satisfied 满意的。
31.D　此句是指老人站在门口 “眺望着” 女儿或礼物的到来。
32.B　该词是一种夸张的表达, 旨在体现老人无法掩饰的因迫切而慌乱的激动心情。steadily坚定地; wildly狂野地; nervously 紧张地; randomly随机地, 随意地; heart beat wildly 形容心怦怦直跳。
33.C　此句是指老人的心情由 “狂乱的兴奋” 跌至 “沉重的失望” , 是修辞上的一种对比。discontent不满; loneliness 孤独; disappointment失望; annoyance烦恼。
34.A　此句是老人自我解嘲、自我安慰的一种无奈的表达, 同时也暗含着一丝苦涩的最后的期盼, 所以才告诫自己还要 “耐心一点儿” 。anxious担心的; urgent 紧急的; mild 温和的。
35.D　此句是指老人对自己期盼来的 “礼物” 非常失望, 因此不情愿地打开它。immediately立即, 马上; cheerfully高兴地; angrily生气地; unwillingly 不情愿地。
36.B　文中的paper 就是cheque。pinned用针别住的; folded折叠的; lined画有横线的, 有皱纹的; roped用绳子捆起来的。根据语境应该是折起来的支票。
37.C　由句意可知应该是cheque支票。bonus奖金; cash 现金。
38.A　因为前一句说到支票最后落在地上, 所以老人应该是弯腰去捡, 综合考虑老人此时的心情和神态可知, 她拾起支票的姿势应是 “弯腰” 。lean斜靠; struggle 挣扎; stretch伸展。
39.D　lovely 表现的是一种强烈的讽刺效果, 增强了语言的表现力。如果选择A、B 项会使语言的色调索然无味, 黯淡无光。
40.B　结合全文所有修饰老人心情、神态、动作的语言可知是用颤抖的手。moving令人感动的; reacting 反应的; freezing 极冷的。
语法填空
41．But．本句与上一句是转折关系，故用转折连词but。
42．in． 表示将来多长时间之后时用“介词in+一段时间名词”结构。
43．a． station是可数名词且表示泛指，前面应有不定冠词a。
44．as． as表示“作为”，符合题意。
45．permitting． cheap rockets与permit之间是主动关系，应用现在分词短语作状语表示伴随情况。
46．When． 此处表示将来的时间，应用when引导时间状语从句。
47．and． 因两个动作表示并列关系，应用并列连词and连接。
48．longer．由意义可知，此处表示找到延长人类寿命的方式，故long应用比较级形式。
49．They． they用来指代上句中主语scientists。
50．living． keep on doing sth．意为“继续……”，故此处应用live的现在分词形式。