Module 1 Unit 1 What are those farmers doing？讲义+练习（无答案）

Unit 1 语法
知识点1 few, a few, little, a little, many, much的用法
表示肯定意义：a little / a few 有一点，有一些
表示否定意义: little / few 几乎没有的
a few /few +可数名词复数 little / a little +不可数名词
many /much 意为很多的 many +可数名词复数 much +不可数名词
知识点2 also, too, either的区别
（1）also 意思是也，是比too较为正式的用语，通常用于肯定句中，一般靠近动词。
如：He also asked to go．他也要求去。 I also went. 我也去的。 He came also. 他也来的。
（2）too 意思也是也，是最普通的用语，常与also通用，但不如also正式，在口语中它用得更多。too通常放有句末，它也通常用于肯定句中。
如： I went there, too．我也到那儿去的。 Mother was angry too．母亲也发怒了。
（3）either 意思也是也。它用于否定句中，而且要放在句末。
知识点3 there be句型
There is a cow on the farm.
There be 是英语中常用句型， 意思是“有”，表示“人或事物的存在”。There在此结构中是引导词，已经没有副词“那里”的含义。当主语是可数名词单数或不可数名词时，be动词要用is；当主语是可数名词复数时，be动词要用are；而它的否定形式是在be动词后面加not。同时，改为一般疑问句只需要把be动词提前。肯定回答为“Yes, there be.” 否定回答为”No, there be not.”
如：There are five books, two pens and a ruler in the school bag.
There is a ruler, two pens and five books in the school bag.
用there be的适当形式填空。
1. ____________ a bookcase in the study room (书房).
2. ____________a sofa in the bedroom, but __________a bed in it .
3. ____________some people in the park.
4. ___________ some milk in the glass.
5. ____________any flowers in the garden.
6. ____________an apple on the plate
7. ____________any pineapples in the basket
8. How many desks ________________in the office _____________six.
9. How many TVs ____________in the classroom _______________only one.
10. What’s behind the door _______________a doll.
名词
考点1 名词的概念与分类
一、概念
名词表示人或事物的名称, 如:Alice, student, boy, dog, panda, airport, park, school等。
二、分类
名词根据其意义可分为专有名词和普通名词；名词根据是否能用数字来计算，可分为可数名词和不可数名词。
1．专有名词：表示特定的人或事物名称的词叫做专有名词。如：
人名：Mary，Snow White，Mr. Green；
星期、月份、节日：Sunday，Christmas，Children’s Day；
建筑、街道：the Great Wall，the Summer Palace；
国家、城市：China，Beijing，the USA。
注意：专有名词的第一个字母要大写。
2．普通名词：凡是不属于特定的人或事物名称的词叫普通名词。如：bus，family，people， tea，milk，work，juice等。
考点2 可数名词复数的变化规则
规则名词的复数形式：
规则 例词
1 一般情况在词尾加-s map-maps, sea-seas girl-girls, day-days
2 以s, x, ch, sh结尾的名词后加-es class-classes, box-boxes watch-watches, dish-dishes
3 以-f或-fe结尾的词 变-f和-fe为v再加-es leaf-leaves, knife-knives, shelf-shelves
4 以辅音字母加y结尾的名词，变y为i加-es party-parties, family-families story-stories, city-cities,
5 以元音字母加y结尾的名词加-s toy-toys, boy-boys
6 以辅音字母加-o结尾的名词 加-es hero-heroes, Negro-Negroes potato-potatoes, tomato-tomatoes
加-s photo-photos, radio-radios, bamboo-bamboos zoo-zoos
7 以-th结尾的名词加-s month-months
巧学妙记：黑人英雄吃土豆吐西红柿皮
英语里有些名词的复数形式是不规则的，现归纳如下：
规则 例词
1 改变名词中的元音字母或其他形式 man-men, woman-women foot-feet, goose-geese, mouse-mice
2 单复数相同 sheep, deer , fish
3 常以复数形式出现 clothes，trousers, noodles, shoes
4 表示“某国人” 词尾加-s American-Americans Canadian-Canadians German- Germans
单复数同形 Chinese, Japanese
以-man或-woman结尾的合成词改为-men,-women Englishman-Englishmen Frenchwoman- Frenchwomen
巧学妙记：中日不变，英法变，其他“s”加后边
注意：
名词作定语一般用单数，但也有以下例外。
　（1）用复数作定语。 如：
sports meeting，students reading-room
　（2）man, woman, gentleman等作定语时，其单复数视所修饰的名词的单复数而定，
但是boy, girl除外。如：
a man worker—— seven men workers　
a woman teacher ——eight women teachers　
a boy/girl student ——three boy/girl students
　（3）数词+名词作定语时，这个名词一般保留单数形式。如：
two-dozen eggs　两打/（二十四个鸡蛋)
a ten-mile walk 十里路　
　 two-hundred trees 两百棵树
考点3 不可数名词
不可数名词主要是以物质名词与抽象名词为主，通常没有复数形式。
不可数名词归类：
表示液体：water, juice, milk, lemonade, coffee, coke, ink;
表示自然现象：snow, rain, ice;
食品类：rice, jam, honey, meat, bread, mutton, beef, tofu, pork, chicken, fish, food;
其他类：weather, advice, news, newspaper, news, homework, housework。
不可数名词量的表达：
(1) “a+表示这些东西的单位+不可数名词”，如a cup of tea, a bag of rice等。
如果为了表示“多个”的概念，可以将表示这些东西的单位变成复数。如：three cups of tea, ten bags of rice等。
(2)直接修饰不可数名词的数量词语有：some, any, much, a lot of, a little等。
考点4 名词所有格
表示人或物品所属关系时，就需要使用名词所有格。名词所有格的构成规则如下：
1. 一般情况下，在名词的末尾加“’s”构成。如：
Mike’s bike Tom’s books
2. 以s结尾的复数名词的所有格，只在其末尾加“’”。如：
My parents’ car our teachers’ book
3. 表示几个人共同拥有的东西时，只在最后一个名词上加所有格。如：
Jenny and Joan’s bedroom
4. 如果是分别拥有的东西就要在每一个名字上加所有格。如：
Tim’s and Jack’s toy cars
5. 没有生命的东西的所有格，通常用“of+名词”的方式来表示。如：
the window of the classroom
The capital of China
The weather of shanghai
注意：
某些名词所有格直接表示具体的意义，如：
I am going to Miss White’s tomorrow.我打算明天去Miss White家。
Let’s go to the barber’s.我们去发廊吧。
例题精析
【题干】1. There________ ________ on the plate．
A．is，breads B．are，breads．
C．is，some bread D．are，some bread
【题干】2. ---___________there __________ on the plate
---Yes，____________only a little.
A．Is, a meat, and B．Are，meats，but
C．Are，any meats，and D．Is, any meat, but
【题干】3. Mozart was one of the greatest ________in the world.
A．musician B．musicians C．writers
【题干】4. ---Whose ruler is it ---Maybe it’s .
A. Peter B. Peters C. Mary’s D. Peters’
【题干】5.根据句意，用括号中所给词的正确形式填空。
The_______(story) are very interesting.
课堂运用
【基础】
将下面的名词变成复数形式。
1. baby ___________ sheep ___________ dish__________
2. mouse __________ goose ___________ foot _________
3. wife_________ class __________ fish __________
4. family _________ tooth ________ box __________
5. shelf ________ child_________ bus _________
6. glass_________ hero _________ dress_________
7. woman_________ postman________ boy__________
8. lady___________ toy_____________ factory________
9. photo___________ German_________ fox___________
10. piano___________ leaf______________ radio__________
11. Japanese_________ tomato ___________ watch___________
12. mango___________ Chinese ___________ potato___________
【巩固】
用名词的正确形式填空。
1.These_________(apple tree)are near my home.
2. Do they have any_________ (toy)
3. It is _________ (Lily) pen.
4. June 1st is _________ (child) Day.
5. There are a lot of _________ (girl) students in our class.
6. Every _________ (man) has a book.
7. We could see_________ (snow) on the ground.
8. Those shoes are _________ (Tom).
9. There are two _________ (knife)in the pencil case .
10. How many _________ (sheep) are there on the farm
11. Don't forget to drink plenty of _________ (water).
12. They are _________ (woman)teachers.
13. September 10th is the _________ (teacher) Day.
14. We have many__________(sport) clubs.
15. ---Are you_________ (student) ---Yes, we are.
【拔高】
单项选择。
（ )1. I’d like__________.
A. two glasses of orange juice B. two glass of orange juice
C. two glass of orange juices D. two glasses of orange juices
（ )2. This _________is Jim’s mother.
A. woman teacher B. women teachers C. woman teachers D. women teacher
（ )3. The room is __________.
A. Tom and Jim B. Tom’s and Jim C. Tom’s and Jim’s D. Tom and Jim’s
（ )4. I want to buy two _______.
A. pencils-box B. pencil-boxes C. pencil-box D. pencils-boxes
（ )5. Saturday comes after__________.
A. Sunday B. Monday C. Friday D. Tuesday
（ )6. It’s only _________walk from school to the park.
A. five minutes B. five hours C. five minutes’ D. five minute’s
（ )7. The radio is behind __________.
A. the classroom’s door B. the door of the classroom
C. the door’s classroom D. the door in the classroom
（ )8. Kate’s father is ________English.
A. a teacher B. teacher C. a teacher of D. an teacher
（ )9. Today is September 10th, it’s __________Day.
A. Teacher’s B. Teachers’ C. teachers’ D. teacher’s
（ )10. ______are going to see a film.
A. Green’s B. The Green’s C. The Greens D.The Greens'
（ )11. I like _____and _____.
A. hamburgers, Coke B. hamburger, Cokes C. hamburger, Coke D. hamburges , Cokes
（ )12. ---What are these ---They are________.
A. deers B. a deer C. deer D. the deers