Unit3语法名词的数和There be 句型2023-2024学年牛津译林版英语七年级年级上册（无答案）

Unit3语法名词的数和There be 句型
【知识要点】
课前U3词汇检测
根据句意及首字母提示填写单词，使句子完整、通顺。
1. I hope we can p____________ our Earth together.
2. Some children have their o____________ toys but some don’t.
3. The people here c____________ fish in the river to make a living.
4. If the water in this river is very dirty, it will k____________ lots of fish in it.
5. We need to know the f____________, so don’t tell us a, lie (谎言).
6. It is about one k____________ from my home to the library.
7. The teacher asked the student to write a r____________ about the air pollution.
8. Look! Some farmers are working in the f____________.
9. We will have a q____________ next Saturday, so I feel a little nervous.
10. You m____________ finish your homework first, or your mother will get angry.
II.根据汉语意思完成句子，每空一词。
11.我妈妈经常扔没用的东西。
My mother often ____________ ____________ useless things.
12.为了让那个老人活下来，这个年轻人把他的救生衣给了他。
To ____________ the old man ____________, the young man gave his lifejacket to him.
13.我们必须停止使用这种水杯。
We must ____________ ____________ this kind of cup.
14.可以给我的杯子里倒点咖啡吗？
Could you ____________ some coffee ____________ my cup
15.这些动物以前生活在这块土地上。
These animals lived ____________ ____________ ____________ before.
语法知识点
一、名词的数：
名词按其所表示的事物的性质可分为可数名词和不可数名词两类。可数名词有复数形式。不可数名词一般没有复数形式。可数名词的单数往往要与不冠词a或an连用，复数则使用其复数形式。
（一）可数名词的单复数
1. 单数可数名词：表示名词的单数，要在名词前加不定冠词a或an. a加在以辅音开头的名词前，an加在以元音开头的名词前。如： a book an apple
2.复数可数名词
情况 构成方法 例词
一般情况 在词尾加s desk-desks girl-girls
以s,x,ch,sh结尾的词 在词尾加-es bus-buses Fish-fishes
以辅音字母加y结尾的词 变y为i再加-es Families Party-parties
以元音字母加y结尾的词 在词尾加-s Day-days Key-keys
以f或fe结尾的词 变f或fe为v再加-es Knife-knives Wife-wives
以o结尾的可数名词 表示农作物或人等有生命的事物的名词在词尾加-es Potato-potatoes Hero-heroes tomatoes potatoes mango
表示无生命的名词在词尾加-s Radio-radios Zoo-zoos Pinao-pinaos photo-photos
注意：
一些名词的不规则变化
元音发生变化
男人man- 女人woman- 老鼠mouse- 脚 foot- 牙tooth-
单复数形式相同(中日人鱼鹿绵羊）
鹿deer- 鱼fish- 绵羊sheep- 中国人Chinese- 日本人 Japanese-
③词尾发生变化
Child-children孩子 ox-oxen公牛
④ 有些名词只有复数形式
Clothes衣服 trousers裤子 glasses眼镜 scissors剪子
给出下列名词的复数形式
1 piece shoe orange lake
2 bus fox glass wish
3 body city enemy baby
4 boy key holiday way
5 life leaf yourself wolf
6 zoo piano radio photo
7 tomato hero tooth foot
8 man woman fisherman sheep
9 German Chinese child
（二）不可数名词
1.不可数名词的分类
物质 名词 事物 bread 面包 meat 肉
饮料 milk 牛奶 water 水 juice 果汁
自然物质 soil 土壤 sand 沙子 wood 木头
抽象 名词 情感 Peace 平和 friendship 友谊 joy 高兴
概念 Population 人口 work 工作
学科 Maths 数学 Geography 地理 Physics 物理 Chemistry 化学
2.不可数名词的确切数量的表达方式
当表示不可数名词的确切数量时，通常可在不可数名词前面加上表示数量的单位词。常用结构为：基数词/不定冠词 + 量词 + of + 不可数名词
一杯水 两杯水
一公斤肉 两公斤肉
3.不可数名词的不确切数量的表达方式
当表示不可数名词的各种大概、不确切的数量时，可运用下列单词和短语：
单词：not (any) / no没有； little几乎没有 ；a little / some一些；
most大部分； all全部
短语：a lot of / lots of /plenty of / much / a great deal of/.... 许多
【经典例题】
一、单项选择
( )1. The __ in our yard are very beautiful.
A. cloth B. water C. flowers
( )2. Tom is one of the Chinese _____ in our school.
A. boy B. boys C. boies
( )3. A cat has four ____ , doesn't it
A. foots B. feet C. feets
( )4. There are three ____ and five _____ in the room.
A. American, Japanese B Americans, Japanese
C. American, Japanese
( )5. Can you see nine ____ in the picture
A. fish B. book C. horse
( )6. The _____ has two______.
A. boy; watch B. boy; watches C. boys; watch
( )7. The _____ are flying back to their country.
A. Germany B. Germanys C. Germans
( )8. The girl brushes her _____ every day before she goes to bed.
A. tooths B. teeth C. teeths
( )9.I saw many _____ in the street.
A. peoples B.people C.people’s
( )10.The green sweater is his _________.
A.brother B.brothers C.brother’s
二、填入所给名词的正确形式
1. I have two____________ (knife)
2. There are many ___________ here. (box)
3. There are many ___________ on the road. (bus)
4. A few ___________ are drawing on the wall. (boy)
5. The ______________ are playing football now. (child)
6. Please take two _______________ for me. (photo)
7. I like the red ________________.(tomato)
8. Would you please clean your _____________ now (tooth)
9. Do you want some _________ (milk)
10. There are ten __________ _________in our school. (woman teacher)
二、There be句型
There be结构是英语中一种常见的句型结构，表示“在某地存在某人或某物”。
肯定式 There be +主语+地点状语或者时间状语它的形式应与紧跟其后面做主语的名词保持人称和数的一致。 There a pen and three books in the desk. There three books and a pen in the desk.
否定式 There be +not+主语+其他（用上） There isn’t any water.
一般疑问句 Be there +主语+其他？ Yes,there be./No,there be+not Are there any books in your bags Yes,there are./no,there aren’t
将来时结构 There will be ··· /there be going to be·· There will be rain tomorrow. There is going to be rain tomorrow.
注意事项：
1.There be句型中be动词的形式要和其后的主语在人称和数上保持一致。（主谓一致）
如果句子的主语是单数的可数名词，或是不可数名词，be动词用“is”“was”。
例如：There is a basketball in the box.　
There is a little milk in the glass.　
②如果句子的主语是复数名词，be动词就用“are” “were”。
例如：There _____ many birds in the tree.　
There _______many people in the street yesterday.　
2.如果there be 句型后的主语是几个并列名词时，要根据第一个名词的数确定be的形式，如果该名词是单数或不可数名词，be要用单数；若该名词是复数，be用复数。（就近原则）
如：There an orange and some bananas in the basket.
　　Theresome bananas and an orange in the basket.
3.There be句型表示 “_______”, have\has表示 “”______ “”,两者不能同时使用.
判断正误
There is going to have a class meeting next Wednesday. ( )
There is going to be a class meeting next Wednesday. ( )
辨析：there be和have
（1）there be表示“某地有某物”，强调存在关系，不强调物的归属。
There is a book on the desk.
（2）表示“某人拥有某物”，强调所有关系，主语多是人。
I have a book.
【经典例题】
一.根据所给汉语完成句子。
1.桌子上有一本书和两支钢笔。
There _____ a book and two pens on the desk.
2.钱包里有些钱。
There ____ some money in the picture.
3.在吉姆的书包里有一些卡片。
____ _____ some cards in Jim’s bag.
4.里面还有其他的东西吗？
_____ _____ anything else in it
5.我们学校有许多班。
There _____ many _____ in our school.
6.树上没有鸟。
There _____ ______ birds in the tree.
二、单项选择
( )1. There ___ any rice in the bowl.
A.are B.is C.isn’t D.aren’t
( )2.There ___ many apples on the tree last year.
A. have been B. were C. are D. is
( )3.How many ___ are there in the room
A. apple B. students C. milk D. paper
( )4.There is some milk in the bottle， ____ ？
A.isn’t there B.aren’t there C.isn’t it D.are there
( )5.There ____ pencil-box， two books and some flowers on the desk.
A. is a B. are some C. has a D. have some
( )6. -What did you see in the basket then ？
-There ____ a bottle of orange and some oranges.
A. is B. are C. was D. were
( )7. ____ is there on the table？
A. How many apples B. How much bread
C.How much breads D. How many food
( )8.There are ______ pencil boxes in the book bag.
A. a B.an C.two
课后作业
一、单项选择
1. Benny saw three ______ climbing the walls.
A. thiefs B. thief C. thieves D. thieve
2. —Tom, what are those
—They are________.
A. deers B. a deer C. deer D. deeres
3. There ____ a book and two pens on the desk.
A. is B. are C. be D. /
4. The boy is thirsty, and he would like _______.
A. a cup of tea B. a bowl of rice
C. a box of chocolate D. a piece of bread
5. Maths _____ my favourite subject.
A. is B. am C. are D. be
6. It’s important _______ us to study hard.
A. to B. for C. on D. with
7. There are many animals on Earth. Some live _____ the land. Some live ____ the water.
A. under; on B. in; under C. on; under D. under; in
8. We must stop _____ the animals!
A. kill B. to kill C. killed D. killing
9. Don’t ____ rubbish into the river!
A. go B. throw C. pull D. push
10. Forests are very important. They provide us _____ a lot of things.
A. of B. to C. with D. for
语法选择
阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连惯的要求，选择可以填在横线上的最佳选项。
We throw away garbage almost every day. ____11____ does it go Most of it ____12____ into the sea. There ____13____ five large garbage patches (垃圾带) in the sea. The largest one is the Great Pacific Garbage Patch. Scientists are saying that the patch is getting bigger and bigger.
The patch is in the Pacific Ocean between California ____14____ Hawaii. It is quite large. According to Livescience ____15____ has an area of 1.6 million k㎡. That is about 100 times (倍) ____16____ than Beijing.
Most of the garbage is plastic (塑料), including bottles, bags and fishing nets. According to Fox News, there are about 79,000 tons (吨) of plastic in the patch. That’s about 250 pieces of plastic for every person ____17____ Earth. Is one of those pieces from you
The plastic can harm (伤害) sea animals and ____18____ the water. Scientists are trying ____19____ ways to clean up garbage in the sea. But the most important thing is _____20_____ garbage from going into the sea.
11. A. Whose B. How C. Why D. Where
12. A. go B. goes C. going D. went
13. A. are B. is C. am D. be
14. A. but B. or C. nor D. and
15. A. it B. its C. it’s D. its’
16. A. big B. bigger C. the bigger D. biggest
17. A. at B. in C. on D. under
18. A. pollute B. pollutes C. polluting D. polluted
19. A. differ B. difference C. different D. differently
20. A. stop B. stops C. stopped D. to stop
完形填空
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，选择可以填在横线上的最佳选项。
Today, we’ll learn about four kinds of satellite (人造卫星).
The first kind of satellite studies the____21____ of the Earth. People use it to help make maps. It also helps countries see where they may____22____ oil or gold (石油或黄金).
People use the second kind of satellite to show____23____ to ships and planes. A ship or a plane can send a message to the satellite. Then it can____24____ where the ship or the plane is
The third kind studies the ____25____. People use these satellites to____26____ clouds and strong winds moving across the Earth. They help countries make preparations (准备工作) when very ____27____ weather is coming.
What about the ____28____ kind of satellite People use it for communication (通讯). These satellites can send telephone calls between ____29____. People from one country send the call to the satellite, and then the _____30_____ sends it to a station in another country. Some can carry hundreds of calls at the same time. Also these satellites can carry pictures.
21. A. history B. geography C. time D. air
22. A. choose B. keep C. find D. carry
23. A. ways B. problems C. blogs D. grades
24. A. look at B. come from C. find out D. arrive at
25. A. health B. food C. wind D. weather
26. A. make B. watch C. draw D. colour
27. A. bad B. fine C. sunny D. cool
28. A. last B. first C. best D. biggest
29. A. cities B. countries C. towns D. schools
30. A. Sun B. station C. Earth D. satellite