2024届高考英语二轮复习语法：非谓语动词课件（共26张PPT)
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| 名称 | 2024届高考英语二轮复习语法：非谓语动词课件（共26张PPT) |  | |
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| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2023-10-04 08:17:16 | ||
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(共26张PPT)
非谓语动词
作主语宾语表语
考向分析
非谓语动词包括to do形式、-ing形式、-ed形式，是重要的语法项目之一，也是每年高考的必考点。
动词的作用：
1.谓语动词： 在句子担任谓语的动词
2.非谓语动词：是动词的特殊形式，在句中可以作除谓语
外的所有成分。
简单句：
由一个主语（或并列主语）和一个谓语 （或并列谓语）构成的句子。例句：
1.She goes to work every day.
2. Tom and I found her there.
3.She likes drawing and often draws pictures for wall newspapers.
4.We all breathe, eat and work.
非谓语动词使用条件
一个句子当中，已经存在主语和谓语动词，又没有连词的情况下，还有别的动词出现时。
① She got off the bus, ________(leave) her handbag on her seat.
② She got off the bus, but ______(leave) her handbag on her seat.
leaving
left
to do形式：将来，目的
-ing形式：进行，主动
-ed形式：完成，被动
句 法 功 能 主语 宾语 表语 定语 状语 补足语
to do形式
-ing形式
-ed形式
一、非谓语动词作主语
单句填空
1.As time is pressing, I think _____________ (take) a taxi is the best way to get from here to the conference centre.
答案: taking /to take 此处为动名词或不定式在从句中作主语。
taking/to take
2.It is not necessary __________ (bargain) on this small amount.
答案 to bargain “It is+形容词+to do sth.”为常用句式，It为形式主语，真正的主语是不定式短语。
to bargain
3.________(have) tea in the late afternoon provides a bridge between lunch and dinner, which might not be served until 8 o'clock at night.
答案 Having，provides是主句的谓语动词, Having tea...是动名词短语作主语。
Having
-ing形式和to do形式主语时的区别：
1. -ing形式作主语多指抽象的、经常性的行为；
to do形式作主语多表示具体的动作，尤其是某一次的
Reading as much as possible is necessary.
尽可能多阅读是必要的。
To get up early is necessary. We need to catch the first bus.
早起是必要的。我们需要赶上第一班公车。
2.下列句型中常用-ing形式作主语。
①lt is/was+no good/ no use/ useless+doing sth.
②It is/was worth doing...
It is worth making an appointment before you go.
去之前预约一下是值得的。
3.下列句型中常用to do形式作主语。
①It+be+名词+to do sth. (做某事是……
②It takes/took sb.+some time+to do sth. (某人花费多长时间做某事)
③It+be+adj.+for sb.+to do sth.(做某事对某人来说是......)
(difficult/easy/hard/important/impossible)
④It+be+adj.+ of sb.to do sth.(某人做某事真是......)
(kind/ lazy/ silly/ stupid/ wise)——这类形容词常指人的品质
It's our duty to take good care of the old.
照顾好老人是我们的责任。
How long did it take you to finish the work
你花了多长时间来完成这项工作？
It is difficult for us to finish writing the composition in an hour.
我们难以在一小时内完成这篇作文。
It is stupid of you to write down everything (that) the teacher says.
你把老师说的所有东西都记下来是很愚蠢的。
二、非谓语动词作宾语
单句填空
1.(2017课标全国卷Ⅱ）It took three years to complete and was built using an interesting method. This included digging up the road, _______(lay)the track and then building a strong roof over the top.
答案 laying 本题考查动名词作宾语。由上文中的included digging
和下文的and then building可知，此处为并列的动名词作included的宾语。
laying
2.(2017课标全国卷l)But Sarah,who has taken part in shows along with top models,wants _________(prove)that she has brains as well as beau-ty.
答案 to prove 考查非谓语动词。want to do sth.想要做某事。
to prove
3.My grandpa said last summer they earned quite a lot by_______ (sell) the fish.
答案 selling 考查非谓语动词。句意：我爷爷说去年夏天他们通过卖鱼挣了很多钱。根据句意可知，此处应该用“by+doing sth.”来表示方式。
selling
1.下列动词一般用to do形式作宾语，请牢记下面的口诀：
决心学会想希望，拒绝设法愿假装。
主动答应选计划，同意请求帮一帮。
decide/determine, learn, want, expect/hope/wish;
refuse, manage, care, pretend;
offer, promise, choose, plan;
agree, ask/beg, help
+ (not) to do sth
She pretended not to see me when I passed by.
当我经过时，她假装没看见我。
We agreed to meet here but so far she hasn't turned up yet.
我们约好了在这里见面，但是她到现在还没有露面。
2.下列动词或词组一般用-ing形式作宾语，请牢记下面的口诀：
考虑建议盼原谅，承认推迟没得想。
避免错过继续练，否认完成就欣赏。
禁止想象才冒险，不禁介意准逃亡。
consider, suggest/advise, look forward to, excuse/pardon;
admit, delay/put off, fancy(想象,设想);
avoid, miss, keep/keep on, practice;
deny, finish, enjoy/appreciate;
forbid, imagine, risk;
can't help(禁不住), mind, allow/permit, escape
+ doing
3.接-ing形式作宾语的短语或句式：
be used/accustomed to, 习惯做某事 give up,放弃
lead to, 导致 feel like,想要
devote to, 奉献 insist on,坚持
go back to, 追朔到 be busy,忙于
stick to, 坚持 have difficulty (in)做某事有困难
object to, 反对 have a good time (in),玩得开心
get down to, 开始着手 spend time (in),花费时间
pay attention to, 注意/留意 how/what about...……怎么样？
can't stand，无法忍受
4.形式宾语it：
当不定式作宾语时，如果后有形容词或名词作宾补，常用it作形式宾语，而真正的宾语需要后置，放在宾补之后，即“主语+consider/think/find/feel/make/believe+it+adj./n.+to do sth.”。
三、非谓语动词作表语
单句填空
(2018课标全国卷I）I quickly lower myself, ducking my head to avoid
looking directly into his eyes so he doesn't feel ___________ (challenge).
答案 challenged 句意：我迅速弯下身，低下头以避免直视它的眼睛以
便它不会感到受到了挑战。主语he与challenge(挑战)为逻辑上的被动
关系，故填过去分词形式challenged。
challenged
1.-ing形式和to do形式作表语
-ing形式和to do形式作表语相当于一个名词作表语，含义是回答主语“是什么”，但二者仍有一些区别。
to do形式作表语强调的是一次性、具体的、将要发生的动作；
-ing形式作表语强调的是一般性、抽象的、经常发生的动作。
Our joh is to make wheelchairs for disabled people.
我们的工作是为残疾人制作轮椅。
（一次性的、目前要做的事情，并不是日常工作)
Our job is making wheclchairs for disabled people.
我们的工作是为残疾人制作轮椅。（日常工作）
2.-ing形式和-ed形式作表语
-ing形式和-ed形式作表语相当于形容词作表语，含义是回答主语“怎么样”。
-ing形式：令人....
-ed形式：感到...
This dog is frightening.这条狗让人害怕。(说明狗的特征)
T'he boy is frightened.这个男孩有些害怕。(说明男孩的状态)
练习：
单句语法填空
1．(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)________ (cover) an area about three times the size of Yellowstone National Park, the GPNP will be one of the first national parks in the country．
2．(2021·全国甲卷)It is possible ________ (walk) or bike the entire 14 kilometers．
3.I avoided ___________ (mention) the subject in case he should be offended．
4.What I want to do most in senior high school is _____________ (improve) my English．
5.It's no use ___________ (complain) without taking action．
6.Looking at the ___________ result, she was _____________(disappoint)
Covering
to walk
mentioning
to improve
complaining
disappointing
disappointed
Thank you
非谓语动词
作主语宾语表语
考向分析
非谓语动词包括to do形式、-ing形式、-ed形式，是重要的语法项目之一，也是每年高考的必考点。
动词的作用：
1.谓语动词： 在句子担任谓语的动词
2.非谓语动词：是动词的特殊形式，在句中可以作除谓语
外的所有成分。
简单句：
由一个主语（或并列主语）和一个谓语 （或并列谓语）构成的句子。例句：
1.She goes to work every day.
2. Tom and I found her there.
3.She likes drawing and often draws pictures for wall newspapers.
4.We all breathe, eat and work.
非谓语动词使用条件
一个句子当中，已经存在主语和谓语动词，又没有连词的情况下，还有别的动词出现时。
① She got off the bus, ________(leave) her handbag on her seat.
② She got off the bus, but ______(leave) her handbag on her seat.
leaving
left
to do形式：将来，目的
-ing形式：进行，主动
-ed形式：完成，被动
句 法 功 能 主语 宾语 表语 定语 状语 补足语
to do形式
-ing形式
-ed形式
一、非谓语动词作主语
单句填空
1.As time is pressing, I think _____________ (take) a taxi is the best way to get from here to the conference centre.
答案: taking /to take 此处为动名词或不定式在从句中作主语。
taking/to take
2.It is not necessary __________ (bargain) on this small amount.
答案 to bargain “It is+形容词+to do sth.”为常用句式，It为形式主语，真正的主语是不定式短语。
to bargain
3.________(have) tea in the late afternoon provides a bridge between lunch and dinner, which might not be served until 8 o'clock at night.
答案 Having，provides是主句的谓语动词, Having tea...是动名词短语作主语。
Having
-ing形式和to do形式主语时的区别：
1. -ing形式作主语多指抽象的、经常性的行为；
to do形式作主语多表示具体的动作，尤其是某一次的
Reading as much as possible is necessary.
尽可能多阅读是必要的。
To get up early is necessary. We need to catch the first bus.
早起是必要的。我们需要赶上第一班公车。
2.下列句型中常用-ing形式作主语。
①lt is/was+no good/ no use/ useless+doing sth.
②It is/was worth doing...
It is worth making an appointment before you go.
去之前预约一下是值得的。
3.下列句型中常用to do形式作主语。
①It+be+名词+to do sth. (做某事是……
②It takes/took sb.+some time+to do sth. (某人花费多长时间做某事)
③It+be+adj.+for sb.+to do sth.(做某事对某人来说是......)
(difficult/easy/hard/important/impossible)
④It+be+adj.+ of sb.to do sth.(某人做某事真是......)
(kind/ lazy/ silly/ stupid/ wise)——这类形容词常指人的品质
It's our duty to take good care of the old.
照顾好老人是我们的责任。
How long did it take you to finish the work
你花了多长时间来完成这项工作？
It is difficult for us to finish writing the composition in an hour.
我们难以在一小时内完成这篇作文。
It is stupid of you to write down everything (that) the teacher says.
你把老师说的所有东西都记下来是很愚蠢的。
二、非谓语动词作宾语
单句填空
1.(2017课标全国卷Ⅱ）It took three years to complete and was built using an interesting method. This included digging up the road, _______(lay)the track and then building a strong roof over the top.
答案 laying 本题考查动名词作宾语。由上文中的included digging
和下文的and then building可知，此处为并列的动名词作included的宾语。
laying
2.(2017课标全国卷l)But Sarah,who has taken part in shows along with top models,wants _________(prove)that she has brains as well as beau-ty.
答案 to prove 考查非谓语动词。want to do sth.想要做某事。
to prove
3.My grandpa said last summer they earned quite a lot by_______ (sell) the fish.
答案 selling 考查非谓语动词。句意：我爷爷说去年夏天他们通过卖鱼挣了很多钱。根据句意可知，此处应该用“by+doing sth.”来表示方式。
selling
1.下列动词一般用to do形式作宾语，请牢记下面的口诀：
决心学会想希望，拒绝设法愿假装。
主动答应选计划，同意请求帮一帮。
decide/determine, learn, want, expect/hope/wish;
refuse, manage, care, pretend;
offer, promise, choose, plan;
agree, ask/beg, help
+ (not) to do sth
She pretended not to see me when I passed by.
当我经过时，她假装没看见我。
We agreed to meet here but so far she hasn't turned up yet.
我们约好了在这里见面，但是她到现在还没有露面。
2.下列动词或词组一般用-ing形式作宾语，请牢记下面的口诀：
考虑建议盼原谅，承认推迟没得想。
避免错过继续练，否认完成就欣赏。
禁止想象才冒险，不禁介意准逃亡。
consider, suggest/advise, look forward to, excuse/pardon;
admit, delay/put off, fancy(想象,设想);
avoid, miss, keep/keep on, practice;
deny, finish, enjoy/appreciate;
forbid, imagine, risk;
can't help(禁不住), mind, allow/permit, escape
+ doing
3.接-ing形式作宾语的短语或句式：
be used/accustomed to, 习惯做某事 give up,放弃
lead to, 导致 feel like,想要
devote to, 奉献 insist on,坚持
go back to, 追朔到 be busy,忙于
stick to, 坚持 have difficulty (in)做某事有困难
object to, 反对 have a good time (in),玩得开心
get down to, 开始着手 spend time (in),花费时间
pay attention to, 注意/留意 how/what about...……怎么样？
can't stand，无法忍受
4.形式宾语it：
当不定式作宾语时，如果后有形容词或名词作宾补，常用it作形式宾语，而真正的宾语需要后置，放在宾补之后，即“主语+consider/think/find/feel/make/believe+it+adj./n.+to do sth.”。
三、非谓语动词作表语
单句填空
(2018课标全国卷I）I quickly lower myself, ducking my head to avoid
looking directly into his eyes so he doesn't feel ___________ (challenge).
答案 challenged 句意：我迅速弯下身，低下头以避免直视它的眼睛以
便它不会感到受到了挑战。主语he与challenge(挑战)为逻辑上的被动
关系，故填过去分词形式challenged。
challenged
1.-ing形式和to do形式作表语
-ing形式和to do形式作表语相当于一个名词作表语，含义是回答主语“是什么”，但二者仍有一些区别。
to do形式作表语强调的是一次性、具体的、将要发生的动作；
-ing形式作表语强调的是一般性、抽象的、经常发生的动作。
Our joh is to make wheelchairs for disabled people.
我们的工作是为残疾人制作轮椅。
（一次性的、目前要做的事情，并不是日常工作)
Our job is making wheclchairs for disabled people.
我们的工作是为残疾人制作轮椅。（日常工作）
2.-ing形式和-ed形式作表语
-ing形式和-ed形式作表语相当于形容词作表语，含义是回答主语“怎么样”。
-ing形式：令人....
-ed形式：感到...
This dog is frightening.这条狗让人害怕。(说明狗的特征)
T'he boy is frightened.这个男孩有些害怕。(说明男孩的状态)
练习：
单句语法填空
1．(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)________ (cover) an area about three times the size of Yellowstone National Park, the GPNP will be one of the first national parks in the country．
2．(2021·全国甲卷)It is possible ________ (walk) or bike the entire 14 kilometers．
3.I avoided ___________ (mention) the subject in case he should be offended．
4.What I want to do most in senior high school is _____________ (improve) my English．
5.It's no use ___________ (complain) without taking action．
6.Looking at the ___________ result, she was _____________(disappoint)
Covering
to walk
mentioning
to improve
complaining
disappointing
disappointed
Thank you