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解方程(专项训练)数学五年级上册人教版
1.解方程。
①17x+3.4=27.2
②2.5x-6=18.5
③2.1+3x=12.6
④2.7x-0.7x=20
⑤5.6x+4x=17.28
⑥5(x+4.1)=36.5
2.解方程。
①6.3+x=10.7
②4(x+2.5)=10.4
③3x+2.4x=10.8
④3.82+1.5x=6.1
⑤8.7x-2x=6.03
⑥(6.4+2x)÷6=4.8
3.解方程。
(1)(x+15)×5=105
(2)5.8×4.5+0.4x=29.1
(3)8.5x-2.5x=24.6
4.解方程。
(1)1.4+1.4x=3.5
(2)12x-9x=8.7
(3)1.2(x-2.7)=6
5.解下列方程。(带△的要检验)
①x÷5.8=3.2
②△x-0.85x=3
③2(x-16)=8
④3x+x+6=26
6.解方程
①x-3.4=2.42
②12.8÷x=1.6
③9x-7x=3.8
④23.6-x=9.15
⑤1+0.25x=1.68
⑥0.3x+4×0.8=3.83
7.解方程
①x+1.75=3.4
②9x=0.27
③x-2.08=4.25
④x÷1.2=1.2
8.解方程.
(1)1.4x+9.8=22.4
(2)2(x﹣3)=11.6
(3)13x﹣x=144
(4)68﹣4.4x=24.
9.解方程
(1)5x﹣17=23
(2)0.5x÷20=16
(3)8(x﹣6.2)=41.6
(4)42x+25x=134
10.解方程
(1)x÷3=8.19
(2)4x-0.5x=0.7
(3)3.2÷x=4
11.解方程。(带★的题目要写出检验过程)
(1)x﹣0.4x=1.8
(2)★x÷0.14﹣2.2=0.6
12.解简易方程
(1)(5x-12)×8=48
(2)(x-2.8)÷2=7.6
(3)42x+25x=134
13.解方程。
(1)8x=20
(2)7(x+0.8)=8.4
(3)5x﹣6×4=52
14.解方程
(1)x﹣54.3=100
(2)x×9=4.5
(3)12x﹣9x=8.7
(4)x÷6=4.5
15.解方程
(1)5.7x+8.7=60
(2)
16.解方程
(1)1.6x=6.4
(2)4x+18=48
(3)x÷1.1=4.37
(4)4×5.3﹣3x=3.2
17.解方程
(1)39÷x=3
(2)x﹣0.2x=32
(3)4x+11=35.4
(4)3(x+2)=10.08
18.解方程
(1)6x+3=9
(2)2(x-2.6)=8
答案解析部分
1.【答案】①17x+3.4=27.2
解: 17x=27.2-3.4
17x=23.8
x=23.8÷17
x=1.4
②2.5x-6=18.5
解:2.5x=18.5+6
2.5x=24.5
x=24.5÷2.5
x=9.8
③2.1+3x=12.6
解:3x=12.6-2.1
3x=10.5
x=10.5÷3
x=3.5
④2.7x-0.7x=20
解:2x=20
x=20÷2
x=10
⑤5.6x+4x=17.28
解:9.6x=17.28
x=17.28÷9.6
x=1.8
⑥5(x+4.1)=36.5
解:x+4.1=36.5÷5
x+4.1=7.3
x=7.3-4.1
x=3.2
2.【答案】① 6.3+x=10.7
解: x=10.7-6.3
x=4.4
②4(x+2.5)=10.4
解: x+2.5=10.4÷4
x+2.5=2.6
x=2.6-2.5
x=0.1
③3x+2.4x=10.8
解: 5.4x=10.8
x=10.8÷5.4
x=2
④3.82+1.5x=6.1
解: 1.5x=6.1-3.82
1.5x=2.28
x=2.28÷1.5
x=1.52
⑤8.7x-2x=6.03
解: 6.7x=6.03
x=6.03÷6.7
x=0.9
⑥(6.4+2x)÷6=4.8
解: 6.4+2x=28.8
2x=22.4
x=22.4÷2
x=11.2
3.【答案】(1)解:x+15=105÷5
x+15=21
x=21-15
x=6
(2)解:26.1+0.4x=29.1
0.4x=29.1-26.1
0.4x=3
x=3÷0.4
x=7.5
(3)解:6x=24.6
x=24.6÷6
x=4.1
4.【答案】(1)解:1.4+1.4x=3.5
1.4+1.4x-1.4=3.5-1.4
1.4x=2.1
1.4x÷1.4=2.1÷1.4
x=1.5
(2)解:12x-9x=8.7
(12-9)x=8.7
3x=8.7
3x÷3=8.7÷3
x=2.9
(3)解:1.2(x-2.7)=6
1.2(x-2.7)÷1.2=6÷1.2
x-2.7=5
x-2.7+2.7=5+2.7
x=7.7
5.【答案】解:①x÷5.8=3.2
x=3.2×5.8
x=18.56
②x-0.85x=3
解:0.15x=3
x=3÷0.15
x=20
检验:把x=20代入方程
左边=20-0.85×20
=3
=方程右边
所以x=20是方程的解
③2(x-16)=8
x-16=8÷2
x-16=4
x=4+16
x=20
④3x+x+6=26
4x=26-6
4x=20
x=20÷4
x=5
6.【答案】解:①x-3.4=2.42
x=2.42+3.4
x=5.82
②12.8÷x=1.6
解:x=12.8÷1.6
x=8
③9x-7x=3.8
解:2x=3.8
x=3.8÷2
x=1.9
④23.6-x=9.15
解:x=23.6-9.15
x=14.45
⑤1+0.25x=1.68
解:0.25x=1.68-1
0.25x=0.68
x=0.68÷0.25
x=2.72
⑥0.3x+4×0.8=3.83
解:0.3x+3.2=3.83
0.3x=3.83-3.2
0.3x=0.63
x=0.63÷0.3
x=2.1
7.【答案】解:①x+1.75=3.4
x=3.4-1.75
x=1.65
②9x=0.27
x=0.27÷9
x=0.03
③x-2.08=4.25
x=4.25+2.08
x=6.33
④x÷1.2=1.2
x=1.2×1.2
x=1.44
8.【答案】(1)解: 1.4x+9.8=22.4
1.4x+9.8﹣9.8=22.4﹣9.8
1.4x=12.6
1.4x÷1.4=12.6÷1.4
x=9
(2)解:2(x﹣3)=11.6
2(x﹣3)÷2=11.6÷2
x-3=5.8
x﹣3+3=5.8+3
x=8.8
(3)解:13x﹣x=144
12x=144
12x÷12=144÷12
x=12
(4)解: 68﹣4.4x=24
4.4x=68-24
4.4x=44
x=44÷4.4
x=10
9.【答案】(1)解:5x-17=23
5x=23+17
5x=40
x=40÷5
x=8
(2)解:0.5x÷20=16
0.5x=16×20
0.5x=320
x=320÷0.5
x=640
(3)解:8(x-6.2)=41.6
x-6.2=41.6÷8
x-6.2=5.2
x=5.2+6.2
x=11.4
(4)解:42x+25x=134
67x=134
x=134÷67
x=2
10.【答案】(1)解:x÷3=8.19
x=8.19×4
x=24.57
(2)解:4x-0.5x=0.7
3.5x=0.7
x=0.7÷3.5
x=0.2
(3)解:3.2÷x=4
x=3.2÷4
x=0.8
11.【答案】(1)解:0.6x=1.8
0.6x÷0.6=1.8÷0.6
x=3
(2)解:x÷0.14﹣2.2+2.2=0.6+2.2
x÷0.14=2.8
x÷0.14×0.14=2.8×0.14
x=0.392
检验:方程左边:0.392÷0.14-2.2=2.8-2.2,方程左边等于右边,所以x=0.392是方程的解。
12.【答案】(1)解:(5x-12)×8=48
5x-12=48÷8
5x=6+12
5x=18
x=3.6
(2)解:(x-2.8)÷2=7.6
(x-2.8)÷2×2=7.6×2
x-2.8=15.2
x-2.8+2.8=15.2+2.8
x=18
(3)解:42x+25x=134
67x=134
67x÷67=134÷67
x=2
13.【答案】(1)解:8x=20
x=2.5
(2)解:7(x+0.8)÷7=8.4÷7
x+0.8=1.2
x+0.8﹣0.8=1.2﹣0.8
x=0.4
(3)解:5x﹣6×4=52
5x﹣24=52
5x﹣24+24=52+24
5x=76
5x÷5=76÷5
x=15.2
14.【答案】(1)解:x﹣54.3+54.3=100+54.3
x=154.3
(2)解:x×9÷9=4.5÷9
x=0.5
(3)解:3x=8.7
3x÷3=8.7÷3
x=2.9
(4)解:x÷6×6=4.5×6
x=27
15.【答案】(1)解:5.7x+8.7-8.7=60-8.7
5.7x÷5.7=51.3÷5.7
x=9
(2)解:4.8x=57.6
4.8x÷4.8=57.6÷4.8
x=12
16.【答案】(1)解:1.6x÷1.6=6.4÷1.6
x=4
(2)解:4x+18-18=48-18
4x÷4=30÷4
x=7.5
(3)解:x÷1.1×1.1=4.37×1.1
x=4.807
(4)解:21.2-3x+3x=3.2+3x
3.2+3x-3.2=21.2-3.2
3x÷3=18÷3
x=6
17.【答案】(1)解:39÷x×x=3×x
3x÷3=39÷3
x=13
(2)解:0.8x=32
0.8x÷0.8=32÷0.8
x=40
(3)解:4x+11﹣11=35.4﹣11
4x÷4=24.4÷4
x=6.1
(4)解:3(x+2)÷3=10.08÷3
x+2﹣2=3.36﹣2
x=1.36
18.【答案】(1)解:6x+3=9
6x+3-3=9-3
6x=6
6x÷6=6÷6
x=1
(2)解:2(x-2.6)=8
2(x-2.6)÷2=8÷2
x-2.6=4
x-2.6+2.6=4+2.6
x=6.6
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