新概念英语第二册Lesson21 mad or not课件 (共48张PPT)

(共48张PPT)
Mad or not
Lesson 21
Have you taken the plane
before
Advantages and
disadvantages
Key Words
Mad
Reason
Sum
Determined
☆ mad adj. 发疯
Don't fight with him, he is a mad man.
别跟他打架, 他是疯子。
be mad/crazy about:为……而疯狂
be mad at sb
eg:Don't be mad at him.
别怪他（不关他的事）。
go+adj:变得
go mad/crazy/insane/bananas
Be mad
Go mad
be mad on sth
对...发火
☆Sum
1) n. 金额，款项
a sum of money 一笔钱
a sum of (money)
an amount of (money)
a large sum of money 一大笔钱
the Sum+of总数,总和,总计
the sum of incomes 收入总计
2) n. 大意，要旨
the sum of a speech 演讲大意
3) 算术题;运算
The boy is good at doing a sum in his head.
这男孩善于心算。
表“许多”的短语：
a great many + pl.
a number of + pl.
a great number of + pl.
a large number of + pl.
Tip:哪些加un
much,a great／good deal of,a large／small amount of
☆Sum v.
sum up
(1) 合计
sum up all the expenses
把所有的花费加起来
(2) 总结，概括
eg. To sum up, he agrees with us.
总的来说，他同意我们的观点。
in sum = in a word / in short / in brief
总之，要言之
☆determined adj. 坚定的，下决心的
I am determined to stay here.
我决定留在这儿。
v.determine vt. 决定，确定，影响
The environment determines one’s character.
环境决定人的性格。
determine on sth/doing sth
determine to do sth
We determined to study English hard.
I determined on going abroad.
be determined to do sth. 决心做某事
v. determine upon (doing) sth 决定
决定做某事
☆reason
1)n.原因，理由
for this reason 由于这个原因
for some resson 由于某个原因 for a certain reason
give a reason
the root reason
2) 理性，正常心智
Only man has reason.
只有人类才有理性。
提出理由
根本原因
lose one’s reason
丧失理智
beyond all reasons
毫无道理
bring a person to reason
使（某人）明白道理，使不做糊涂事
Text
Aeroplanes are slowly driving me mad. I live near an airport and passing planes can be heard night and day. The airport was built years ago, but for some reason it could not be used then. Last year, however, it came into use. Over a hundred people must have been driven away from their homes by the noise. I am one of the few people left. Sometimes I think this house will be knocked down by a passing plane. I have been offered a large sum of money to go away, but I am determined to stay here. Everybody says I must be mad and they are probably right.
☆ Aeroplanes are slowly driving me mad.
☆drive sb mad:逼某人发疯
eg：Sometimes it's enough to drive you mad if you are stuck in a traffic jam during the rush hour.
有时在交通高峰期被困足以使人发疯
The noise outside is driving me mad.
☆ I live near an airport and passing planes can be heard night and day.
1、passing planes：现在分词做定语
sleeping baby:正在睡觉的小孩
waiting car:正在等待的
2、day and night: 日日夜夜
I will sit by her bedside day and night.
我会日夜守在她的床边。
☆ Sometimes I think this house will be knocked down by a passing plane.
关于knock的短语
knock at/on 敲
knock off 下班；从…碰下去；优惠，折扣
knock over 撞翻，打翻，撞倒
knock down 撞倒
knock out 打昏
knock against 相撞,碰击
☆ I have been offered a large sum of money to go away,but I am determined to stay here.
1.给予,提供;拿出,出示
He offered me a glass of wine.
他端给我一杯酒。
2.愿意;试图(做某事);提议
They offered to help me.
他们表示愿意帮助我。
3.出(价);开(价)
We offered him the calculator for US$50.
这计算器我们向他开价五十美元。
动词语态
英语动词有两种语态
主动语态：主语是动作的执行者
被动语态：主语是动作的承受者
Many people speak English.(主动语态)
English is spoken by many people.(被动语态)
一、Read the following sentences
1.It is called a stamp.
2.What’s it made of
3.Which language is spoken by the largest number of people in the world.
4.English is used very widely as a foreign language,
5.Silk is produced in Suzhou.
6.Where are bananas grown
二.模仿上列句子连词成句
Silk, produce, in Hangzhou.
Cars, make, in Tianjin.
tea, grow, in Fujian.
English, speak, in Australia.
Glass, produce, in Germany.
Ships, make , in Japan.
被动语态构成
助动词+及物动词的过去分词
（ be + P.P.)
时态 主动语态 被动语态(be+过去分词）
一般现在时 see / sees am(is,are)+seen
一般过去时 saw was(were)+seen
一般将来时 will (shall) +see will(shall)+be+seen
(过去将来时) would(should)+see would(should)+be+seen
现在进行时 am(is,are)+seeing am(is,are)+being+seen
(过去进行时) was(were)+seeing was(were)+being+seen
现在完成时 have(has)+seen have(has)+been+seen
(过去完成时) had+seen had+been+seen
含情态动词 情态动词+see 情态动词+be+seen
以see为例，比较主动语和态被动语态的结构形式
肯定句，否定句及疑问句如下。
Cars are made in Changchun.
Cars are not made in Changchun.
---Are cars made in Changchun
(---Yes, they are./No,they aren’t.)
Where are cars made p26
Read text-2
When can we use the passive voice
不知道动作的执行者是谁，或没有必要指出动
作的执行者时。
My bike was stolen last night.
昨晚我的自行车被偷了。
Letters are collected at eight every morning.
信件每天早晨八点收取。
The desk was made by Master Wang.
这张课桌是王师傅做的。
The bag was taken away by his sister.
那个口袋是她姐姐提走的。
2. 为了强调或突出动作的承受者时。
被动语态使用方法
Article1_popwin_title
3. 为了更好地安排句子。
The well-known person got on the bus and was immediately recognized by people. （一个主语就够了）
那个名人一上车就立刻被大家认出来了。
I have a new skirt. It was given to me as a birthday present by my aunt.
我有条新裙子。它是我阿姨送给我作为生日礼物的。
4. 在上下文中，为了使句子间连接紧密时。如：
将主动语态的宾语改为被动语态的主语。
将主动语态的谓语动词改为“be+过去分词”结构。
将主动语态的主语改为介词 by之后的宾语，放在谓语动词之后（有时可省略）。
主动语态改为被动语态的方法
将下列句子改成被动语态。
1.We use English as a foreign language. →
English is used as a foreign language( by us)
2. People write business letters in English →
Business letters are written( by people) in English.
3.They make telephone calls in English. →
Telephone calls are made( by them) in English.
4.Travelers and business people use English. →
English is used by travelers and business.
5.Farmers grow rice in Zhejiang. →
Rice is grown by farmers in Zhejiang.
过去 时,含情态动词的被动语态
A man killed Jack. →
Han Mei found Granny’ books. →
They built the bridge. →
Jack was killed (by a man).
Granny’ books were found by Han Mei.
The bridge was built .
He can answer the question. →
We must plant trees in spring. →
Nurse should take care of the children. →
The question can be answered (by him.)
Trees must be planted in spring.
Children should be taken care of.
主动语态变为被动语态时注意
含直接宾语和间接宾语的主动语态变为被动语态时有两种情况:
Eg He gave the boy an apple. →
(1)把间接宾语改为主语,直接宾语保留不变:
The boy was given an apple.
(2)把直接宾语改为主语,此时,间接宾语前要 加to或for.
An apple was given to the boy.
(give, pass, show, send--- to )
(buy, draw, make, ----for )
双宾语的被动
1.My father gave me a new book on my birthday .
----A new book was given to me (by my father
---- I was given a new book (by my father)….
2.不带的to不定式,改为被动语态时不定 .式前要加to .
They watched the children sing. →
The children were watched to sing .
3.短语动词是不可分割的整体,改为被动语态时要保持其完整性,介词或副词不可遗漏.
We must take good care of the young trees. →
Young trees must be taken good care of.
4. 带复合宾语的动词改为被动语态时,一般把主动语态的宾语改为主语,宾语补足语在被动语态中作主语补足语.
He cut his hair short. →
His hair was cut short.
They told him to help me. →
He was told to help me.
5. 注意: 不及物动词不能用被动语态happen ,take place, appear
but不及物动词带上介词或副词构成的短语,相当于及物动词, 后面可带宾语
take care of / look after / take off / look at / send for / look up
Eg The old man should be taken good care of .
6
主动表示被动情况
1 某些VI 动词表被动含义如 carry out / lock open / read /teach / wash / write …用来说明主语性质特征,常与 not / hardly / well /easily / badly /nicely 等连用
Meat cuts easily .
The car drove easily .
His novel sells well
某些感观动词表被动含义如 feel / look / taste / smell / sound
This shirt feels much softer than that one.
This orange tastes nice .
3 某些动词表被动含义如 weigh / measure / cost / last / break out / take place /happen
The meeting lasted two hours .
4 get / come / go + P.P 表示被动含义 用来强调动作结果或表示出乎意料的偶然事件. come / go 常与否定连用
They got delayed because of the holiday traffic .
The woman’s complaints went unnoticed.
5 在 need / want / require / deserve + doing 句型中,动名词表示被动.
The garden needs watering =
The garden needs to be watered .
6 有些动词的不定式( blame / let / rent 用主动表被动
Nobody was to blame for the accident .
The house is to let .
7一些介词短语用作定语或表语时表被动
The thief was under arrest .
Apples are on sale .
将下列句子改为被动语态：
（一）
1.We often use a recorder in our English class.
2.The parents found the boy in the street.
3. We must clean the blackboard.
4. I saw her reading a book hours ago.
A recorder is often used( by us )in our English class.
The boy was found (by the parents) in the street.
The blackboard must be cleaned (by us).
She was seen reading a book hours ago.
5. Someone has stolen my bike.
They are building a house.
My family will buy a computer next week.
My bike has been stolen .
A house is being built .
A computer will be bought next week.
（二）
I often buy Mother something.
My brother gave me a book.
We can hear her sing this song.
The boy’s words made us laugh.
Mother is often bought something.
Something is often bought for Mother.
I was given a book.
A book was given to me.
She can be heard to sing this song.
We were made to laugh by the boy’s words.
She should look up the new words in a dictionary.
The old man put on a hat.
The new words should be looked up in a dictionary.
A hat was put on.
1 The silence of the library ___only by the sound of pages being turned over .
A has been broken B breaks
C broke D was broken
Sarah ,hurry up ,I ‘m afraid you won’t have time to ___before the party .
A get changed B get change
C get changing D get to change
D
A
3 Rain forests __ and burned at such a speed that they will disappear from the earth in the near future .
A cut B are cut
C are being cut D had been cut
4 I need one more stamp before my collection ___.
A has completed B completes
C has been completed D is completed
C
D
5 All the preparations for the task ___, and we are ready to start .
A completed B had been completed
C have been completed D complete
6 Hundreds of jobs ____if the factory closes.
A lost B will be lost
C are lost D will lose
C
B
7 He told us to keep a secret of the things __.
A discussing B to discuss
C being discussed D having discussed
8 The mayor of Beijing says that all construction work for the Beijing Olympics __by 2006 .
A has been completed B has completed
C will have been completed
D will have completed
C
C
9 When first __ to the market ,these products enjoyed great success .
A introducing B introduced
C introduce D being introduced
10 More patients __in hospital this year than last year .
A treated B have treated
C had been treated
D have been treated
B
D
11 The new books are of great use . They __well and __already .
A sell / have been sold out
B sold / had sold out
C sell / sell out D sold / have sold out
12 There are pairs ___ ,but I’m at a loss which to buy .
A to be chosen B to choose from
C chosen D for choosing
A
B
13 Many foreigners think that Chinese is too difficult ___.
A to learn B learning
C to be learned D learned
14 The child need ___to school and __.
A to go / to educate B going / to educate
C to go / educating D going / educating
15 ---Do you like the material
---- Yes .it ___ very soft .
A is feeling B is felt C felt D feels
A
C
D
decide和determine 之间的区别：
　　都有“决定”的意思。
　　 decide 指“经过询问、研讨和考虑之后, 在几种可能的选择之中作出决定”,decide 最为普通：
e.g. She decided to leave here on Sunday instead of Monday.
　　 她决定星期日而不是星期一离开这里。
determine指“决心做某一件事而不动摇”, 常涉及范围比较狭小的问题： 如:
　　 We have determined to get the work done ahead of schedule.
　　 我们已经决定要提前完成这项工作。
knock out
Knockout最常用的意思是把一个人打倒在地、不省人事，但是knockout在俚语中却可以解释叫人心醉神迷的人或物，可能是一幅美不胜收的画，也可能是一部扣人心弦的电影，更可能是俊男美女。例：
1. He married a real knockout, one of the most beautiful women I have ever seen!
他娶了个大美人。我还没见过有比她更漂亮的女人！
Sock是袜子。这个习惯用语的出典可能是什么特别精彩的事情让你兴奋得上蹦下跳，以至脚上袜子也跳得掉了下来，引申为“令人兴奋不已的好事”。例：
I tell you that movie I saw last night is fantastic, the best I've seen in years. Go see it - I guarantee it'll knock your socks off!
告诉你我昨晚看的那电影棒极了。我有好几年没看过这样精彩的片子。你得去看，保证会让你激动万分。
knock your socks off。