初中英语2024年中考直接引语与间接引语专项复习（考点清单+精题精练）（无答案）

初中英语2024年中考直接引语与间接引语专项复习（考点清单+精题精练）
【考点清单】
一、直接引语与间接引语的特点
1.直接引语的特点。
被引用的话放在引号内;
被引用的话是原话,不作任何改动;引用的话之前用“，”;
引用的话结束后，需用“.”“!”“ ”等标点符号;
引出直接引语的引述动词常为say(说道)、 ask(问道)、shout(喊道)、cry(喊道)、order(命令)、add(补充道)、smile(微笑道)、laugh(大笑道)等。
2.间接引语的特点。
在引述谓语和被引用的话语之间不用逗号、冒号、引号等;有时态的变化;
有人称、时间、地点等的变化;
常用的引述动词有say(说道)、ask(问道)、 shout(喊道)、cry(喊道)、order(命令)、add(补充道)、smile(微笑道)、laugh(大笑道)等。
二、直接引语与间接引语的转换………..........
3.人称的变化。
直接引语变为间接引语时,直接引语中的代词要根据句意、情景进行变化:直接引语中的第一人称代词变为间接引语时要按引述动词的主语的人称变化;直接引语中的第二人称代词变为间接引语时要按引述动词的宾语的人称变化，如果引述动词没有宾语，也可以用第一人称;直接引语中的第三人称代词变为间接引语时其人称一般不需要变化。概括为一句话原则为“一随主，二随宾，第三人称不更新”。
4.时态的变化。
(1)时态变化的情况
如果主句为过去的某种时态,则间接引语的时态应相应向前推一个时态，如下表所示:
直接引语 间接引语 直接引语 间接引语
一般现在时 一般过去时 一般将来时 过去将来时
一般过去时 过去完成时 现在完成时 过去完成时
过去完成时 过去进行时 过去完成时
(2)时态不需要变化的几种情况
A.主句中谓语动词的时态如果是现在时或将来时,则间接引语中的时态和原直接引语的时态一样,不作改变。
B.直接引语有确定的过去时间时。
C.只着眼于转述事实，而不侧重动作先于转述动作的时间时。
D.所转述的动作或状态说话时仍在继续，并对此点加以强调时。
E.所转述的是自然现象、科学真理、名言警句等,并对此加以强调时。
5.指示代词的变化。
直接引语中的this在变为间接引语时应改为that，these改为those。但是在说话者的当时、当地转述时,this、that不用改变。
6.时间状语的变化。
7.地点状语的变化。
直接引语中的地点状语here变为间接引语时应改为there, over here改为 over there。
8.方向性动词的变化。
直接引语中的方向性动词bring变为间接引语时应改为take，come 改为 go。
9.句式的变化。
①直接引语为陈述句,转化为间接引语时，变成由that引导的宾语从句,that可以省略。引述动词主要为say(说)、tell(告诉)、 answer(答道)、reply(答道)、think(认为)、 believe(相信;认为)、suggest(建议)、advise(建议)等。
② 直接引语为疑问句变为间接引语时，必须用陈述句语序，句末用句号。引述动词常用ask(问)、wonder(想知道)、don't know(不知道)、want to know(想知道)、be not sure(拿不准)等。
③直接引语为祈使句,变为间接引语时，需将祈使句的谓语动词变成不定式,作宾语补足语,否定句需要在不定式前加上 not。原引述动词say需改为ask(让)、tell(告诉)、order(命令)、warn(警告)、advise(建议)等。
④ 直接引语为感叹句,变为间接引语时，可用what或how引导,也可用that引导。
【精题精练】
根据提示完成句子(每空一词).....
1.“I never eat meat," he saiD.
He said______ never______ meat.
2.The teacher said,“The sun rises in the east and goes down in the west.”
The teacher said that the sun______ in the east and______ down in the west.
3.“Where have you been these days " he askeD.
He asked me______ ______ ______ ______ ______ days.
4.“Stop making so much noise, children," he saiD.
He______ the children______ ______ making so much noise.
5.The boy said to us, “I usually get up at six every day.”
The boy told us that______ usually ________ up at six every day.
6.“Where does your chemistry teacher live, Jane ” the young man askeD.
The young man asked Jane where________ ________ ________ ________ .
7.Mary asked me, “Will you go to the concert with me this evening ”
Mary asked me ________ ________ would go to the concert with________ ________ evening.
8.“Don't smoke in the meeting room!" he said to Tom.
He________ Tom________ ________ ________ in the meeting room.
9.“Are you busy doing your homework now ” he askeD.
He asked me ________ I was busy doing my homework________ .
10.She said,“My brother wants to go with me.”
She said________ brother________ to go with her.
11.They told Mary, “We will help you out of trouble.”
They told Mary that they________ ________ ________ out of trouble.
12.Martin told me, “I rang Alice yesterday.”
Martin told me that he________ ________ Alice________ ________ ________ .
13.The teacher told us, “The earth goes around the sun.”
The teacher told________ ________ the earth ________ around the sun.
14.Kerry told me,“These photos were taken ten years ago.”
Kerry told me that________ photos________ ________ ________ ten years________ .
15.The boy said, “This is the first time I have been here.”
The boy said________ ________ the first time he had been________ .
16.Bridget said, “Do all of you often write to your parents ”
Bridget asked________ all of us often wrote to________ ________ .
17.“Come in and sit down, please!” Bob said to us.
Bob________ us________ ________ in and sit down.
18.Hayley said to me, “I will see you at the same place tomorrow.”
Hayley told me that she________ see me at the same place________ ________ ________ 。
19.Chloe said, “The story took place in the 1930s.”
Chloe said that the story________ ________ in the 1930s.
20.My sister asked me, “Could you bring the chairs upstairs ”
My sister asked me________ I could________ the chairs upstairs.
21.I asked Sally, “Will you stay with me or go by yourself on a picnic ”
I asked Sally ________ she would stay with me or go by ________ on a picniC.
22.“Try one more time and see what will happen,” the teacher said to us.
The teacher________ that we________ try one more time and see what________ happen.
23.“I am having supper," he saiD.
He said that________ ________ ________supper.
24.My friend asked me, “Do you help your parents with the housework on weekdays ”
My friend asked me_________ I________ ________parents with the housework on weekdays.
25.The teacher said, “Don't cheat in exams, children.”
The teacher told the children________ ________ cheat in exams.
26.The teacher said, “The sun is bigger than the moon.”
The teacher said________ the sun________ bigger than the moon.
27.“I met her yesterday," he said to me.
He told me that he________ ________ her the day.
28.“You must come here before five," he saiD.
He said that I had to________ ________ before five.
29.“I finished writing the report two weeks ago," she saiD.
She said that she________ ________ writing the report two weeks________ .
30.He said, “I have always wanted to come here.”
He said________ ________ ________ always wanted to________ ________.