安徽省定远县育才学校2023-2024学年上学期高二开学摸底考试英语试题

安徽省定远县育才学校2023-2024学年上学期高二开学摸底考试英语试题
一、听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。(共5小题,每小题1.5分,满分7.5分)
1． How many students actually attended the meeting
A．Twenty one. B．Thirty. C．Nine.
2． What's the woman going to do
A．Fly to Hong Kong.
B．Buy an air ticket.
C．Say goodbye to Bill.
3． What does the woman imply
A．She can't go to see the play with the man.
B．She's particularly interested in plays.
C．She can lend her notes to the man.
4． What is the probable relationship between the two speakers
A．Colleagues.
B．Teacher and student.
C．Mother and son.
5． What are the two speakers talking about
A．Responsibility. B．Airplane pilots. C．Salary.
二、听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听对话，回答小题。
6．Where does this conversation take place
A．In the classroom. B．At the playground. C．Over the phone.
7．What is the woman probably doing
A．Watching a football game.
B．Studying.
C．Taking an exam.
8．What will the man do this Friday
A．Play a football game.
B．Have a cup of coffee with the woman.
C．Take an exam.
听对话，回答小题。
9．At what time might the paper arrive normally
A．5 pm. B．7 pm. C．7 am.
10．Whom are the animals being aggressive towards
A．Postmen. B．Milkmen. C．Salesmen.
听对话，回答小题。
11．Who visited the woman last night
A．A strange man. B．Her uncle. C．A cat.
12．When did the woman hear a knock at the door
A．Before supper.
B．After supper.
C．While she was having supper.
13．How did the woman feel when she saw nobody at the door
A．Terrified. B．Sad. C．Uncertain.
听对话，回答小题。
14．Whose car has broken down
A．Mr Mason's.
B．Mr William Jackson's.
C．Mr William Jackson's secretary's.
15．When will the man come to collect the car
A．At 8：00 pm. B．At 8：00 am. C．At 10：00 pm.
16．Who should the man go for the key to the car
A．Mr William Jackson.
B．Mr William Jackson's secretary.
C．The attendant.
17．What's the man
A．A salesman. B．A doorkeeper. C．A repairman.
听对话，回答小题。
18．How did the speaker feel when his father asked him to help cut grass
A．Anxious and worried.
B．Proud and excited.
C．Nervous and confused.
19．What did his father do when the speaker missed cutting some leaves
A．Scolded him severely.
B．Asked him to do it again.
C．Took back the six dollars.
20．What can we learn from the passage
A．One can benefit a lot from working with his father.
B．Manual laborers shouldn't be looked down upon.
C．One should always do his job earnestly.
三、阅读理解 (共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
（2023高一下·鼓楼期末） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。
Ever keen to keep you saving, we've come up with three more great ideas to keep money in your pockets.
Pay in cash
Pay in cash rather than stick everything on a card to worry about later — that way, money seems more ‘real'. By doing this, you can actually get a sense of what you're spending. But don't make repeated trips to the cash-point(取款机) every day, spending randomly your hard-earned money bit by bit. Instead, make one withdrawal at the start of the week, then put your cards away and set yourself a cash budget.
DIY
Fancy making your own bookshelves or turning a scarf into a skirt There are plenty of sites that will teach you clever new tricks with old junk, from threading a string bracelet(手镯) to building your own shoe containers from recycled tins. These enlightening ideas will transform your home and wardrobe(衣橱) and, even if you're usually all fingers and thumbs, this can be done easily in less than an hour. A few minutes exploring for ‘DIY crafts' online provides plenty of cheap creative ideas.
Cut back online shopping
We've all done it, surfed the net at lunch or late at night, aimlessly dropping virtual bargains in our virtual basket and hitting the virtual checkout button. However, the resulting damage to your bank balance is all too real. Why do you think online retailers( 零售商) keep your credit card details on file So you can just press ‘Buy' and they've got your cash. Again and again. But all you end up with is loads of goods you wouldn't otherwise have bought. If you're tempted(诱惑), be strict, put the mouse down and ask yourself: "Do I really need this " The answer is most probably: "No".
21．Which of the following can help save your money
A．Visiting a bank regularly.
B．Limiting visits to cash-points.
C．Surfing DIY sites for old junks.
D．Relying on a card while shopping.
22．What does the underlined words in the idea of DIY mean
A．Awkward. B．Busy. C．Creative. D．Nervous.
23．What may aimless virtual shopping result in
A．Saving money. B．Making a good deal.
C．Making ends meet. D．Piling up unwanted items.
阅读理解
Climbing, I once thought, was a very manly activity, but as I found my way into this activity, I came to see that something quite different happens on the rock.
Like wild swimming, rock climbing involves you into the landscape. On the rock, I am fully present. Eyes pay close attention.ears are alert (警觉的), and hands move across the surface. Unlike walking, where I could happily wander about absent-mindedly, in climbing, attentive observation is essential.
As an arts student studying English literature, I discovered a new type of reading from outdoor climbing. Going out on to the crags (悬崖), I saw how you can learn to read the rocks and develop a vocabulary of physical movements. Good climbers knew how to map their bodies on to the stone. Watching them, I wanted to possess that skillful language.
My leap happened when I worked for the Cairngorms National Park Authority. Guiding my explorations into this strange new landscape was Nan Shepherd. Unlike the goal-directed mindset of many mountaineers, she is not concerned with peaks or personal beats. Shepherd sees the mountain as a total environment and she celebrates the Caingorms as a place alive with plants, rocks, animals and elements. Through her generous spirit and my own wanderings, I saw that rock climbing need not be a process of testing yourself against anything. Rather, the intensity of focus could release you into another way of being.
Spending so much time in high and stony places has changed my view on the world and our place in it. I have come into physical contact with processes that go way beyond the everyday. Working with gravity, geology (地质学), rhythms of weather and deep time, I gain an actual relationship with the earth. This connection lies at the heart of my passion for rock climbing. I return to the rocks, because this is where I feel in touch — with our land.
24．Why does the author like climbing
A．It challenges her to compete with men.
B．Ir allows her a unique attitude toward rock.
C．It teaches her how to possess a new language.
D．It makes her feel connected with the world.
25．What does the writer find important in climbing
A．Balance. B．Concentration C．Determination. D．Curiosity.
26．What does the writer learn from Nan Shepherd
A．Climbing goes together with nature.
B．Every mountain top is within reach.
C．The best climber is the one having fun.
D．You cannot achieve high unless you change.
27．What does the underlined word "it" in paragraph 5 refer to
A．Time. B．Contact. C．The world. D．My view.
阅读理解
Some new comets have been discovered accidentally by amateur (业余的) astronomers. Surprisingly a few bright comets have been discovered with the naked eye (肉眼) by members of the general public. However, a great number of comets are found by comet hunters carrying out telescope searches of chosen areas of the night sky.
As the movement of all comets is directed around the Sun and because these bodies brighten as they move towards the Sun, there is a greater possibility for the discovery of a new comet in the skies towards the Sun rather than away from the Sun's direction. This means that searches should be put on the western sky after evening light and on the eastern sky before morning light.
From the astronomical point there is no time during the year which is the best for the discovery of new comets. A search can be done at any time providing there is no bright Moon.
Studies done on the discovery conditions of comets discovered before show that more comets have been discovered in the morning sky than in the evening sky. Thus the smart comet hunter should make sure that morning activity receives as much if not more attention than any evening effort.
In recent times, the use of advanced CCD technology to discover objects close to the Earth will in the future greatly reduce the chances of new comets being found with small telescopes. An example of the new technology is the very successful LINEAR program operating in New Mexico, However, until a similar system is based in the southern half of the Earth there will continue to be chances for the discovery of new comets which come from the south.
28．What are comet hunters advised to do
A．Look away from the Sun.
B．Stay where there's bright light.
C．Face the western sky in the daytime.
D．Turn to the east in the early morning.
29．What do we know about the time for the discovery of new comets
A．Days when they're close to the Earth are great chances.
B．Certain fixed days are best for watching comets.
C．Every day is the same if there's no bright Moon.
D．Days with the Moon should never be missed.
30．Which of the following is a smart idea for comet hunters
A．Paying more attention in the morning than in the afternoon.
B．Being equally serious both in the morning and afternoon.
C．Being more relaxed in the morning than in the afternoon.
D．Forming a habit of working only in the morning.
31．What can be inferred about the CCD technology
A．It's similar to a telescope.
B．It'll disappoint comet hunters.
C．It's spreading all over the world.
D．It'll make comet hunters feel lucky.
阅读理解
It is a familiar scene these days：employees take newly laidoff(下岗) coworkers out for a drink for comfort.But which side deserves sympathy more，the jobless or the still employed On March 6，researchers at a conference at the University of Cambridge heard data suggesting it's the latter.
Brendan Burchell，a Cambridge sociologist，presented his analysis based on various surveys conducted across Europe.The data suggests that employed people who feel insecure in their jobs show similar levels of anxiety and depression as those who are unemployed.Although a newly jobless person's mental health may "bottom out" after about six months，and then even begin to improve，"the mental state of people who are continuously worried about losing their jobs just continues to get worse and worse，" Burchell says.
Evolutionary psychologists support this theory by arguing that human beings feel more stressed during times of insecurity because they sense an immediate but invisible threat.Patients have been known to experience higher levels of anxiety，for example，while waiting for examination results than knowing what they are suffering from—even if the result is cancer.It's better to get the bad news and start doing something about it rather than wait with anxiety.When the uncertainty continues，people stay in a nonstop "fight or flight" response，which leads to damaging stress.
"But not every employee in insecure industries has such a discouraging view，" Burchell says.In general，women get on better.While reporting higher levels of anxiety than men when directly questioned，women scored lower in stress on the GHQ 12，even when they had a job they felt insecure about losing.As Burchell explains，"For women，most studies show that any job—it doesn't matter whether it is secure or insecure—gives psychological improvement over unemployment." Burchell supposes that the difference in men is that they tend to feel pressured not only to be employed，but also to be the primary breadwinner，and that more of a man's selfworth depends on his job.
32．Why do researchers think the still employed deserve sympathy more
A．They have to do more work since then.
B．They have no chance to find better jobs.
C．They have to work with inexperienced workers.
D．They constantly worry about losing their jobs.
33．What is most likely to cause a "fight or flight" response
A．Not having a paid job.
B．Fierce competition for jobs.
C．Not knowing what will happen.
D．Pressure to work longer hours.
34．What will the writer talk about following the last paragraph
A．Advice on preparing a job interview.
B．Advice to those in insecure industries.
C．Some knowledge of psychology.
D．Differences between men and women.
35．What could be the best title for the text
A．Is It Less Stressful to Get Laid off than Stay on
B．Should Greater Sympathy Be Given to the Jobless
C．Do Employees Bear More Stress than Ever Before
D．Do Men or Women Show Higher Levels of Anxiety
四、任务型阅读(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Have you ever thought about traveling to new places, but you can't afford it 　36． 　 Basically, you work a few hours each week in exchange for free housing. Both meals and other benefits are often thrown in. The jobs range from cleaning to computer work. You can search by location or for the type of work you're interested in. One benefit of the more popular programs is that they assist you in different ways. They also charge as little as US$ 39 and offer extra features. 　37． 　And World packers pride themselves on their attention to safety and security. They carefully check out each potential host. They also provide a 24/7 support network for volunteers and hosts.
　38． 　You can gain new skills in creativity, leadership, languages and more. You can drown yourself in a new culture. You'll make new friends because you stay in one place for a while and work. Practically anyone at any age can join a program and travel throughout the year.
Your length of stay depends on your host. 　39． 　 Typically, you'll work 20 to 30 hours a week. This gives you plenty of free time to explore the area.
When it comes to work exchange opportunities, the sky is the limit! You can help on a farm in Ireland. You might work in a wildlife park in Australia or as a photographer in Mexico. You could work in reception in a Japanese guesthouse. Or you might help at a South African surf camp. 　40． 　Consider a travel work exchange. It might be the most exciting trip you ever take!
A. The opportunities are endless!
B. How can you work for the program
C. It can be from one week to many months.
D. If so, consider a work exchange program.
E. What are the reasons to do a work exchange
F. That doesn't mean you have no choice but to stay at home.
G. For example, Workaway's site lists over 50,000 places to choose from.
五、完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
（2023高一下·鼓楼期末） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Mariah Reading is an environmentalist, who grew up with an early appreciation for nature.
While studying art at Bowdoin College, she saw the vast amounts of 41． from her painting and sculpture classes. She began to seriously consider her footprint as a(n) 42． ."How can I paint landscapes if I'm 43． them " she thought. Then she started using the rubbish as her canvas (画布).
After graduation, Mariah travelled throughout the country, 44． rubbish to bring to her studio. One day, a 45． hubcap (轮毂盖) she found by the side of the road gave her a new 46． . She noticed the half hubcap had cracked off to 47． the line of the mountain range that she was in. So she 48． the mountain landscape on it and held it up in front of the real 49． and took a photo. It became the first in her 50． series.
Over the years, she has painted more than 100 pieces of rubbish and photographed her transformations 51． matching real-life landscapes. It's like 52． new life into forgotten objects. Her practice 53． the principle of "leaving no trace" by 54． painting with sculpture and photography.
Mariah hopes people see themselves and their own habits 55． into her works and make small changes in their everyday lives.
41．A．paper B．waste C．power D．work
42．A．artist B．cleaner C．journalist D．agent
43．A．exploring B．forgetting C．harming D．shaping
44．A．taking out B．running out C．setting up D．picking up
45．A．broken B．lost C．new D．hidden
46．A．medium B．idea C．reason D．life
47．A．damage B．connect C．form D．cross
48．A．protected B．enjoyed C．changed D．painted
49．A．car B．range C．picture D．road
50．A．ongoing B．outdated C．occasional D．odd
51．A．against B．as C．from D．without
52．A．forcing B．turning C．attracting D．breathing
53．A．highlights B．replaces C．attaches D．ignores
54．A．replacing B．filling C．comparing D．combining
55．A．trapped B．contained C．reflected D．admitted
六、(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
（2023高一下·鼓楼期末） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
For Greek photographer George Doupas, Beijing is home now. During the past decade, he has been photographing the city, capturing its beauty 　56． 　 sharing these photos online and in exhibitions.
"This　57． 　(true) represents Beijing — the old and the new, nicely mixing together," Doupas said while　58． 　(show) his photograph of the Zhihua Temple, a delicate Ming Dynasty building. It　59． 　(locate) in front of a modern office building, Galaxy SOHO, which features weaving bridges and interlocking passageways.
With rich historical heritage, Beijing has been an important center of traditional Chinese culture since the Ming Dynasty. Doupas often gets　60． 　(lose) in the city's splendid ancient architecture. Meanwhile, he is also amazed by the modern city combining high-end businesses and various　61． 　(industry). "It is fascinating 　62． 　(see) a rapidly-developing city that invests so much effort in preserving its past,　63． 　 is why I decided to pursue my career here," he said.
Doupas is determined to continue with his career in China, hoping to serve　64． 　 a bridge between China and the West. The displays that show his photos about Beijing have attracted a large audience in Greece and the Czech Republic.
"I call Beijing my home now," he said, "I'll keep sharing photos of China with　65． 　 rest of the world."
七、书面表达（满分15分）
66．假如你是李华，你刚刚参观了你市博物馆举办的一次"遇见艺术家"的展览，请为你校英文报写一则评论，内容包括： 1. 展览概况；2. 观展感受；3. 意见建议。参考词汇：exhibition
注意：1. 写作词数应为80左右；2. 为使行文连贯，可以适当增加细节。
八、读后续写(满分25分)
67．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Two days before Christmas, I received a Facebook message from a stranger. "Hi, Peter," it began, "my name is Al Sodaro and I'm a former patient of your Dad."
My father was a doctor, and Al wanted to share holiday greetings and a childhood story involving a talk he'd had with Dad. Over the years I've received many such messages, or had people ask me if I was related to Dr. Zheutlin, or Dr. Z as he was well known in my New Jersey hometown. A story of grace or kindness would always follow.
When he was diagnosed (诊断) with lung cancer in 1997 and realized he was going to have to close his practice of more than 40 years, Dad asked me to help him draft a letter to his patients. He was heartbroken. "I think I need my patients more than they need me," he told me.
We had the letters copied and mailed them out the old-fashioned way. He was completely unprepared for the outpouring of love and appreciation that followed. He was just doing his job, he said.
The cards and letters-hundreds of them-came from near and far. Young children sent drawings, many recalling their past with my father, or enclosed a lollipop (棒棒糖). Some came from parents who had been his patients when they were young. Some were several pages long, filled with stories about the doctor who, above all, showed kindness, answering their calls in the middle of the night or meeting them in the office before sunrise.
Sometimes his greatest gift was his ability to simply reduce their anxiety. At other times, he recognized rare but serious symptoms (due to his clinical excellence) where quick thinking avoided disaster. Many of the cards and letters contained stories like Al Sodaro's. There was one, however, that is still fresh in my mind, which I shared at his standing-room-only memorial service.
When he was quite young, a little boy named Chris Eckershard came to the office, proud of a new pair of sneakers he was wearing.
注意：1. 续写词数应为150左右；2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dad asked Chris if he could have one, just one, of Chris's sneakers.
The box came from a woman, who was Chris's mother.
答案解析部分
1．【答案】B
【知识点】短对话
2．【答案】A
【知识点】短对话
3．【答案】A
【知识点】短对话
4．【答案】C
【知识点】短对话
5．【答案】B
【知识点】短对话
【答案】6．C
7．B
8．A
【知识点】长对话
【答案】9．A
10．A
【知识点】长对话
【答案】11．C
12．B
13．C
【知识点】长对话
【答案】14．A
15．B
16．C
17．C
【知识点】长对话
【答案】18．B
19．B
20．C
【知识点】独白
【答案】21．B
22．A
23．D
【知识点】词义猜测题；细节理解题；时文广告类；应用文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了三种减少花钱的方法。
【点评】考查阅读理解，包含细节理解题、词义猜测题，是一篇介绍类阅读，注意先略读文章，掌握文章大意，再分析题干及选项，到文中找到相关内容并进行理解。
21．考查细节理解。根据Pay in cash部分中的"But don't make repeated trips to the cash-point(取款机) every day, spending randomly your hard-earned money bit by bit."但不要每天重复去取款机，一点一点地随意消费你辛苦赚来的钱。可知，限制去取款机的次数可以帮助省钱。故选B。
22．考查词义猜测。根据 DIY 部分中的"this can be done easily in less than an hour"可知，用这些启发性的想法改变自己的家和衣橱可以在不到一小时内轻松完成，结合even if引导了一个让步状语从句，表示转折关系。所以even if you're usually all fingers and thumbs的意思是：尽管你通常笨手笨脚的。可推知all fingers and thumbs意为"笨手笨脚"，故选A。
23．考查细节理解。根据Cut back online shopping部分中的"We've all done it, surfed the net at lunch or late at night, aimlessly dropping virtual bargains in our virtual basket and hitting the virtual checkout button. "我们都这么做过，在午餐或深夜上网，漫无目的地把虚拟便宜货放在我们的虚拟篮子里，然后点击虚拟结账按钮；以及"But all you end up with is loads of goods you wouldn't otherwise have bought."但你最终得到的只是一大堆你本来不会买的东西。可知，漫无目的地进行虚拟购物会增加许多不需要的东西。故选D。
【答案】24．D
25．B
26．A
27．C
【知识点】推理判断题；词义猜测题；细节理解题；日常生活类；议论文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文，作者喜欢爬山，介绍了自己对爬山的理解及从爬山得到的感悟。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和代词指代三个题型的考查，是一篇生活类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而选出正确答案。
24．考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的“Working with gravity, geology (地质学), rhythms of weather and deep time, I gain an actual relationship with the earth. This connection lies at the heart of my passion for rock climbing.”通过研究重力、地质、天气节奏和深层时间，我获得了与地球的真实关系。这种联系正是我对攀岩的热情所在。可知，作者喜欢爬山是因为爬山可以与世界产生联系。故选D。
25．考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“On the rock, I am fully present. Eyes pay close attention, ears are alert (警觉的), and hands move across the surface. Unlike walking, where I could happily wander about absent-mindedly, in climbing, attentive observation is essential.”在岩石上，我完全存在于这里。眼睛密切关注，耳朵警觉，手在水面上移动。不像散步，我可以愉快地心不在焉地漫步，在爬山时，全神贯注的观察是必不可少的。可知，作者发现爬山时专注很重要。故选B。
26．考查推理判断。根据第四段中的“Shepherd sees the mountain as a total environment and she celebrates the Caingorms as a place alive with plants, rocks, animals and.elements.”Shepherd把这座山视为一个完整的环境，她赞美Caingorms是一个充满了植物，岩石，动物和各种元素的地方。可知，作者从Shepherd身上学到爬山是与大自然融为一体。故选A。
27．考查词义猜测。根据最后一段中的“Spending so much time in high and stony places has changed my view on the world and our place in it.”在高处多石的地方呆了这么长时间，改变了我对世界和我们在其中的地位的看法。可知，此处指作者通过爬山改变了对世界和自身在世界中的地位的看法，it指代前文的“世界”。故选C。
【答案】28．D
29．C
30．B
31．B
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；说明文；科普类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了观测彗星的一些建议。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇科普类阅读，通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
28．考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“This means that searches should be put on the western sky after evening light and on the eastern sky before morning light.”这意味着搜索应该在傍晚后在西部天空进行，在晨光前在东部天空进行。可知，彗星猎手被建议清晨时应观测东面的天空。故选D。
29．考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“A search can be done at any time providing there is no bright Moon.”只要没有明亮的月亮，就可以随时进行搜索。可知，只要没有月亮，每天都一样可以观测。故选C。
30．考查推理判断。根据第四段中的“Thus the smart comet hunter should make sure that morning activity receives as much if not more attention than any evening effort.”因此，聪明的彗星猎人应该确保早上的活动比晚上的活动受到同样多的关注。可推断，早晚观测彗星应该投入一样的精力。故选B。
31．考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“In recent times, the use of advanced CCD technology to discover objects close to the earth will in the future greatly reduce the chances of new comets being found with small telescopes.”近年来，使用先进的CCD技术来发现靠近地球的物体，将在未来大大减少用小型望远镜发现新彗星的机会。可知，CCD技术的使用降低了追星猎人发现新的彗星的概率，推断出这种技术应该会让追星猎手感到有些失望。故选B。
【答案】32．D
33．C
34．B
35．A
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；说明文；科普类；标题选择；文章大意
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了在职的人比下岗的人精神压力更大，更需要同情。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇科研类阅读，首先要仔细阅读短文，掌握大意，然后结合具体的题目，再读短文，从中找出相关信息，就可以确定正确答案。
32．考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“the mental state of people who are continuously worried about losing their job just continues to get worse and worse"那些不断担心失业的人的精神状态越来越糟，可知，担心下岗的在职的人员的精神状态会越来越差。故选D。
33．考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“When the uncertainty continues, people stay in a nonstop ‘fight or flight’ response, which leads to damaging stress.”当不确定性持续存在时，人们会不停地做出“要么战斗，要么逃跑”的反应，这会导致破坏性的压力。可知，当不确定一直继续的时候，人们会一直处于“逃跑还是战斗”的反应当中。故选C。
34．考查推理判断。纵观全文可知，本文介绍了人们在没有保障的行业中的精神状态，这是背景，也就是提出问题。那么接下来就应该对在没有保障行业中的人们的提出建议。故选B。
35．考查主旨大意。根据第一段中的“But which side deserves sympathy more, the jobless
or the still employed On March 6, researchers at a conference at the University of Cambridge heard data suggesting it's the latter.”但是，失业者和仍在就业的人，哪一方更值得同情？3月6日，研究人员在剑桥大学的一次会议上听到数据表明是后者。可知在职的人比下岗的人精神压力更大，更需要同情。“下岗比继续工作压力小吗？”适合做文章的标题。故选A。
【答案】36．D；37．G；38．E；39．C；40．A
【知识点】说明文；七选五；旅游观光类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了用工作交换旅行的项目。
【点评】考查七选五，本文是一篇旅游类阅读，要求在理解细节信息的基础上，着重考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。
36．根据空前“Have you ever thought about traveling to new places, but you can’t afford it ”你有没有想过去一个新的地方旅行，但你负担不起？，说明下文要介绍一种免费或花很少的钱去其他地方旅行的方法；以及空后“Basically, you work a few hours each week in exchange for free housing.”基本上，你每周工作几个小时，以换取免费住房。说明有一种用工作换旅游费用的方法，D. If so, consider a work exchange program.“如果是的话，考虑一下工作交换项目。”提出了用工作换旅行的项目，因此承上启下，符合语境，故选D。
37．根据空前“One benefit of the more popular programs is that they assist you in different ways. They also charge as little as US$ 39 and offer extra features.”更受欢迎的项目的一个好处是它们以不同的方式帮助你。它们的收费也低至39美元，并提供额外的特点。接下来就应该介绍额外的特点具体是什么，G. For example, Workaway’s site lists over 50,000 places to choose from.“例如，Workaway的网站列出了超过5万个可供选择的地方。”具体说明了这个项目的特点，因此承接上文，符合语境，故选G。
38．根据空后“You can gain new skills in creativity, leadership, languages and more. You can drown yourself in a new culture. You’ll make new friends because you stay in one place for a while and work.”你可以获得创造力、领导力、语言等方面的新技能。你可以沉浸在一种新的文化中。你会结交新朋友，因为你在一个地方待了一段时间，工作了。这是在说参加这个项目的好处， E. What are the reasons to do a work exchange “进行工作交换的原因是什么？”提出为什么参加这个用工作换旅行的项目，空后所列的好处就是原因，因此引起下文，符合语境，故选E。
39．根据空前“Your length of stay depends on your host.”你停留的时间长短取决于你的主人；以及空后“Typically, you’ll work 20 to 30 hours a week.”一般来说，你每周要工作20到30个小时。说明工作的时间可以很长也可能很短， C. It can be from one week to many months. “从一个星期到几个月不等。”说明工作的时间可以很长也可能很短，因此承上启下，符合语境，故选C。
40．根据空前“When it comes to work exchange opportunities, the sky is the limit! You can help on a farm in Ireland. You might work in a wildlife park in Australia or as a photographer in Mexico. You could work in reception in a Japanese guesthouse. Or you might help at a South African surf camp.”当谈到工作交流机会时，这是无限的！你可以在爱尔兰的农场帮忙。你可以在澳大利亚的野生动物园工作，或者在墨西哥当摄影师。你可以在日本宾馆的接待处工作。或者你可以在南非的冲浪营地帮忙。说明这种项目里的工作机会是无限的， A. The opportunities are endless! “机会是无限的！”说明工作机会是无限的，因此承接上文，符合语境，故选A。
【答案】41．B；42．A；43．C；44．D；45．A；46．B；47．C；48．D；49．B；50．A；51．A；52．D；53．A；54．D；55．C
【知识点】故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了生态艺术家Mariah Reading用艺术的方式为环保出力。Mariah Reading早在大学时学习艺术专业时发现，艺术造成了不少浪费，于是她将对自然的热爱与艺术相结合，在被丢弃的垃圾上作画，创作出与周围风景相匹配的美丽山水，通过艺术作品提醒人们要环保。
【点评】考查完形填空，本题考点涉及动词，名词，形容词，介词，固定短语等多个知识点的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析推理，从而选出正确答案。
41．句意：在鲍登学院学习艺术时，她看到了绘画和雕塑课程带来的大量浪费。A. paper"纸张"；B. waste"浪费"；C. power"电力"；D. work"工作"。根据上文"Mariah Reading is an environmentalist"玛丽亚·里丁是一位环保主义者；以及下文"Then she started using the refuse as her canvas (画布) ."然后她开始用垃圾做画布。可知，玛丽亚·里丁关注环保，发现绘画和雕塑课程有大量的浪费，促使她以后选择了环保的方式来继续作画。故选B。
42．句意：她开始认真考虑自己作为一个艺术家的足迹。A. artist"艺术家"；B. cleaner"清洁工"；C. journalist"记者"；D. agent"经纪人，代理人"。根据上文"While studying art at Bowdoin College, she saw the vast amounts of 1 from her painting and sculpture classes."在鲍登学院学习艺术时，她看到了绘画和雕塑课程带来的大量浪费。可知，玛丽亚·里丁学习艺术，以后会成为艺术家。故选A。
43．句意："如果我伤害了风景，我怎么能画它们呢？"她想。A. exploring"探索"；B. forgetting"遗忘"；C. harming"伤害"；D. shaping"塑造"。根据上文"Mariah Reading is an environmentalist, who grew up with an early appreciation for nature. "玛丽亚·里丁是一位环保主义者，从小就对大自然充满了欣赏。可知，玛丽亚·里丁作为一个环保人士，不愿意在绘画过程中有破坏风景的行为。故选C。
44．句意：毕业后，玛利亚周游全国，捡垃圾带到她的工作室。A. taking out"拿出"；B. running out"用完，用尽"；C. setting up"建立，设立"；D. picking up"捡起"。根据空后"rubbish to bring to her studio"可知，玛丽亚·里丁在游历过程中看见垃圾，会把垃圾带回工作室，作画布。故选D。
45．句意：有一天，她在路边发现的一个坏掉的轮毂盖给了她一个新的想法。A. broken"破碎的"；B. lost"迷路的"；C. new"新的"；D. hidden"隐秘的"。根据下文"She noticed the half hubcap had cracked off to 7 　the line of the mountain range that she was in."她注意到那半个轮毂盖已经破裂了，构成了她所处的山脉的线条。可知，只有半个轮毂盖，故选A项。
46．句意：有一天，她在路边发现的一个坏掉的轮毂盖给了她一个新的想法。A. medium"媒介"；B. idea"想法"；C. reason"原因"；D. life"生活"。根据下文"She noticed the half hubcap had cracked off to 7 the line of the mountain range that she was in. So she 8 　the mountain landscape on it and held it up in front of the real 9 and took a photo. It became the first in her 10 series. "她注意到那半个轮毂盖已经破裂了，构成了她所处的山脉的线条。于是她在轮毂盖上面画了山景，在真正的山脉前举着它，拍了张照片。这是她仍在进行的系列的第一幅画。可知，玛利亚在这块轮毂盖上作画，并且以那座山为背景拍了照，这激发了她用垃圾作画布的主意。故选B。
47．句意：她注意到那半个轮毂盖已经破裂了，构成了她所处的山脉的线条。A. damage"损坏"；B. connect"连接"；C. form"构成"；D. cross"交叉"。根据空后"the line of the mountain range that she was in"可知，此处指这半个轮毂盖的形状，与眼前的这座山的轮廓线相似，故选C。
48．句意：于是她在上面画了山景，在真正的山脉前举着它，拍了张照片。A. protected"保护"；B. enjoyed"享受"；C. changed"改变"；D. painted"画"。根据上文"Then she started using the refuse as her canvas(画布). "然后她开始用垃圾做画布；以及下文"It became the first in her 10 series. "这是她仍在进行的系列的第一幅画。可知，玛丽亚把轮毂盖作画布，在上面画山景。故选D。
49．句意：于是她在上面画了山景，把它举到真正的山脉前，拍了张照片。A. car"汽车"；B. range"山脉"；C. picture"图片"；D. road"路"。根据上文"She noticed the half hubcap had cracked off to 7 the line of the mountain range that she was in. "她注意到那半个轮毂盖已经破裂了，构成了她所处的山脉的线条。可知，当时玛丽亚正好在山里，这半个轮毂盖的轮廓线与这个山脉的线条相似。故选B。
50．句意：这变成她仍在进行的系列的第一幅画。A. ongoing"仍在进行的"；B. outdated"过时的"；C. occasional"偶尔的"；D. odd"奇怪的"。根据下文"Over the years, she has painted more than 100 pieces of rubbish and photographed her transformations 11 matching real-life landscapes. "多年来，她在100多件垃圾上作画，并与现实生活中的景观相匹配，拍摄了她的（从垃圾到艺术的）转化。可知，从轮毂盖上作第一张画开始，玛丽亚的以垃圾为画布的系列已经持续好几年了，还在进行中。故选A。
51．句意：多年来，她在100多件垃圾上作画，并与现实中的景观相匹配，拍摄了她的（从垃圾到艺术的）转化。A. against"以……为背景，映衬"；B. as"作为"；C. from"来自"；D. without"没有"。根据上文"So she 8 the mountain landscape on it and held it up in front of the real 9 and took a photo. "于是她在上面画了山景，在真正的山脉前举着它，拍了张照片。可知，玛丽亚的画都依据真实的景观而作，并以实景为背景，画与实景相匹配，同框留影，故选A。
52．句意：这就像给被遗忘的东西注入新的生命。A. forcing"强迫"；B. turning"翻转"；C. attracting"吸引"；D. breathing"呼吸"。breathe…into…，固定短语，"注入……到……中"，这些成为画布的垃圾有了新的意义。故选D。
53．句意：她的做法将绘画与雕塑、摄影相结合，突出了"不留痕迹"的原则。A. highlights"突出"；B. replaces"取代"；C. attaches"重视，把……固定"；D. ignores"忽略"。此处评价了玛丽亚的"垃圾作画布"系列的作画特点，根据上文"Over the years, she has painted more than 100 pieces of rubbish and photographed her transformations 11 matching real-life landscapes." 她在100多件垃圾上作画，并与现实中的景观相匹配，拍摄了她的（从垃圾到艺术的）转化。故选A。
54．句意：她的做法将绘画与雕塑、摄影相结合，突出了"不留痕迹"的原则。A. replacing"代替"；B. filling"填充"；C. comparing"比较"；D. combining"结合"。玛丽亚的"垃圾作画布"系列中，有绘画、雕塑、摄影。combine…with…固定短语，"……与……相结合"，故选D。
55．句意：玛丽亚希望人们看到在她的作品中映射出的自己和自己的习惯，并在日常生活中做出小小的改变。A. trapped"使陷入困境，卡住"；B. contained"包含"；C. reflected"反映"；D. admitted"承认"。这些捡来的垃圾反射着人们浪费的行为习惯，玛丽亚的作品中有着环保理念，希望人们通过看她的作品以后有所改变，变得有环保意识。故选C。
【答案】56．and；57．truly；58．showing；59．is located；60．lost；61．industries；62．to see；63．which；64．as；65．the
【知识点】故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，在过去的十年里，生活在北京的希腊摄影师George Doupas一直在拍摄这座城市，捕捉它的美丽，并在网上和展览中分享这些照片。
【点评】考查语法填空，本题考点涉及连词，副词，省略，时态语态，形容词，名词，非谓语动词，定语从句，介词，冠词以及固定搭配等多个知识点的考查，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
56．句意：在过去的十年里，他一直在拍摄这座城市，捕捉它的美丽，并在网上和展览中分享这些照片。根据句意可知，空后的sharing和上文的photographing以及capturing是并列关系，应用并列连词and。故填and。
57．句意："这真正代表了北京——旧与新，完美地融合在一起，"Doupas在展示他拍摄的智化寺的照片时说，智化寺是一座精美的明代建筑。此处副词作状语，修饰后面的动词represents。故填truly。
58．句意："这真正代表了北京——旧与新，完美地融合在一起，"Doupas在展示他拍摄的智化寺的照片时说，智化寺是一座精美的明代建筑。此处是while引导的时间状语从句的省略，从句的主语是Doupas，结合句意可知，此处指"当他在展示他拍摄的智化寺的照片时"，句子用过去进行时，故完整形式是while he was showing his photograph of the Zhihua Temple，当状语从句的主语和主句主语一致，且从句含有be动词时，可将从句的主语和be动词省略，故填showing。
59．句意：它位于现代办公大楼银河SOHO的前面，以编织的桥梁和环环相扣的通道为特色。此处是谓语动词，be located in+地点固定短语，"坐落于……"；句子是描述一个事实，应用一般现在时，结合主语it，故填is located。
60．句意：Doupas经常在这座城市辉煌的古建筑中迷路。get在句中作连系动词，空格处应该填入形容词lost作表语。故填lost。
61．句意：与此同时，他也惊叹于这座高端商业与多种产业相结合的现代化城市。industry"产业，行业"，可数名词，由"various"可知此处应用复数形式，故填industries。
62．句意：他说："看到一个快速发展的城市如此努力地保护它的过去，这是令人着迷的，这就是我决定在这里追求事业的原因。"此处动词不定式作真正的主语，故填to see。
63．句意：他说："看到一个快速发展的城市如此努力地保护它的过去，这是令人着迷的，这就是我决定在这里追求事业的原因。" is why I decided to pursue my career here 是非限制性定语从句，先行词是前面的句子，关系词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which。故填which。
64．句意：Doupas决心在中国继续他的职业生涯，希望成为中国和西方之间的桥梁。serve as固定短语，"担任，充当"，故填as。
65．句意："我现在把北京当作我的家，"他说，"我将继续与世界其他地方分享中国的照片。"the rest of固定短语，"剩余的，其他的"，故填the。
66．【答案】Last Saturday, I just visited an exhibition titled "Meeting Artists" held by our city's museum. The exhibition attracted many masters and amateurs at home and abroad. Many artworks including Chinese handwriting and landscape paintings from ancient and modern times were on show.
The host explained every work in details on the spot. The exhibition left a deep impression on me. In my view, it not only promoted the inheritance of Chinese traditional culture but strengthened our national pride as well. I hope there will be more activities like this in the future.
【知识点】提纲作文；文字式应用文；半开放性作文
【解析】【分析】本题是一篇应用文写作，要求考生以李华的身份为校英文报写一则评论。写作背景：你刚刚参观了你市博物馆举办的一次"遇见艺术家"的展览 。写作要点已经给出，属于提纲类作文，内容包括： 1. 展览概况；2. 观展感受；3. 意见建议。 提示中的内容比较泛泛，需要适当补充。本题对于考生的综合能力要求较高，要求考生有很强的谋篇布局的能力和组织要点的能力。需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。
【点评】本篇作文要点齐全，结构完整，条理清晰，应用了较多的语法结构和词汇，熟练地使用了语句间的连接成分，使整个文章结构紧凑，很好地完成了写作任务。例如：Last Saturday, I just visited an exhibition titled "Meeting Artists" held by our city's museum. 运用了过去分词作定语；Many artworks including Chinese handwriting and landscape paintings from ancient and modern times were on show. 运用了并列句； I hope there will be more activities like this in the future.运用了宾语从句。
67．【答案】Dad asked Chris if he could have one, just one, of Chris's sneakers. I imagine at first Chris was confused, but then understood Dad was gently joking with him. By the time Dad was dying, Chris was about 12 and the sneaker joke had been ongoing for years. Every time he came to the office, Dad would ask him for one of his shoes. A week before Dad died, a small box arrived in the mail and inside was a single well-worn sneaker. It remains a cherished possession in our family.
The box came from a woman, who was Chris's mother. Hearing the news of Dad's death, she drove all the way to the funeral home to tell us something. She was a single, working mom raising Chris on a tight budget, and had no health insurance. She wanted us to know that for years, Dad refused to take a penny from her. Dad never told us such stories as these. He did these things not because he wanted others to think better of him, but because he believed what mattered most in the world was kindness.
【知识点】文字式记叙文；开放性作文；读后续写
【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达是读后续写。通过阅读文章可知，讲述了作者收到了一个陌生人发来的Facebook信息，是父亲以前的病人发来的。父亲生病后，不得不结束诊所的工作，因此让作者他起草一封致病人的信。信寄出后收到了很多回复，病人们讲述着自己的故事，感激作者的父亲。段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“爸爸问Chris他是否要可以要一只Chris的运动鞋”可知，第一段可描写Chris和父亲关于运动鞋的故事。②由第二段首句内容“这个盒子来自一个女人，她是Chris的母亲”可知，第二段可描写Chris的母亲前来诉说父亲从来没有收钱，和作者感悟。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。
【点评】本书面表达要点齐全，上下文连贯，使用一定数量的句式结构，让句子更加生动丰满，同时运用了许多高级词汇和固定短语，提高文章的档次，体现了对英语的熟练的驾驭能力。例如：I imagine at first Chris was confused, but then understood Dad was gently joking with him. 运用了转折并列句；By the time Dad was dying, Chris was about 12 and the sneaker joke had been ongoing for years. 运用了限制性定语从句，并列句；Every time he came to the office, Dad would ask him for one of his shoes.运用了时间状语从句； A week before Dad died, a small box arrived in the mail and inside was a single well-worn sneaker.运用了并列句，倒装句； Hearing the news of Dad's death, she drove all the way to the funeral home to tell us something. 运用了现在分词作状语； She wanted us to know that for years, Dad refused to take a penny from her. 运用了宾语从句；He did these things not because he wanted others to think better of him, but because he believed what mattered most in the world was kindness.运用了原因状语从句，并列句，宾语从句。
1 / 1安徽省定远县育才学校2023-2024学年上学期高二开学摸底考试英语试题
一、听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。(共5小题,每小题1.5分,满分7.5分)
1． How many students actually attended the meeting
A．Twenty one. B．Thirty. C．Nine.
【答案】B
【知识点】短对话
2． What's the woman going to do
A．Fly to Hong Kong.
B．Buy an air ticket.
C．Say goodbye to Bill.
【答案】A
【知识点】短对话
3． What does the woman imply
A．She can't go to see the play with the man.
B．She's particularly interested in plays.
C．She can lend her notes to the man.
【答案】A
【知识点】短对话
4． What is the probable relationship between the two speakers
A．Colleagues.
B．Teacher and student.
C．Mother and son.
【答案】C
【知识点】短对话
5． What are the two speakers talking about
A．Responsibility. B．Airplane pilots. C．Salary.
【答案】B
【知识点】短对话
二、听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听对话，回答小题。
6．Where does this conversation take place
A．In the classroom. B．At the playground. C．Over the phone.
7．What is the woman probably doing
A．Watching a football game.
B．Studying.
C．Taking an exam.
8．What will the man do this Friday
A．Play a football game.
B．Have a cup of coffee with the woman.
C．Take an exam.
【答案】6．C
7．B
8．A
【知识点】长对话
听对话，回答小题。
9．At what time might the paper arrive normally
A．5 pm. B．7 pm. C．7 am.
10．Whom are the animals being aggressive towards
A．Postmen. B．Milkmen. C．Salesmen.
【答案】9．A
10．A
【知识点】长对话
听对话，回答小题。
11．Who visited the woman last night
A．A strange man. B．Her uncle. C．A cat.
12．When did the woman hear a knock at the door
A．Before supper.
B．After supper.
C．While she was having supper.
13．How did the woman feel when she saw nobody at the door
A．Terrified. B．Sad. C．Uncertain.
【答案】11．C
12．B
13．C
【知识点】长对话
听对话，回答小题。
14．Whose car has broken down
A．Mr Mason's.
B．Mr William Jackson's.
C．Mr William Jackson's secretary's.
15．When will the man come to collect the car
A．At 8：00 pm. B．At 8：00 am. C．At 10：00 pm.
16．Who should the man go for the key to the car
A．Mr William Jackson.
B．Mr William Jackson's secretary.
C．The attendant.
17．What's the man
A．A salesman. B．A doorkeeper. C．A repairman.
【答案】14．A
15．B
16．C
17．C
【知识点】长对话
听对话，回答小题。
18．How did the speaker feel when his father asked him to help cut grass
A．Anxious and worried.
B．Proud and excited.
C．Nervous and confused.
19．What did his father do when the speaker missed cutting some leaves
A．Scolded him severely.
B．Asked him to do it again.
C．Took back the six dollars.
20．What can we learn from the passage
A．One can benefit a lot from working with his father.
B．Manual laborers shouldn't be looked down upon.
C．One should always do his job earnestly.
【答案】18．B
19．B
20．C
【知识点】独白
三、阅读理解 (共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
（2023高一下·鼓楼期末） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。
Ever keen to keep you saving, we've come up with three more great ideas to keep money in your pockets.
Pay in cash
Pay in cash rather than stick everything on a card to worry about later — that way, money seems more ‘real'. By doing this, you can actually get a sense of what you're spending. But don't make repeated trips to the cash-point(取款机) every day, spending randomly your hard-earned money bit by bit. Instead, make one withdrawal at the start of the week, then put your cards away and set yourself a cash budget.
DIY
Fancy making your own bookshelves or turning a scarf into a skirt There are plenty of sites that will teach you clever new tricks with old junk, from threading a string bracelet(手镯) to building your own shoe containers from recycled tins. These enlightening ideas will transform your home and wardrobe(衣橱) and, even if you're usually all fingers and thumbs, this can be done easily in less than an hour. A few minutes exploring for ‘DIY crafts' online provides plenty of cheap creative ideas.
Cut back online shopping
We've all done it, surfed the net at lunch or late at night, aimlessly dropping virtual bargains in our virtual basket and hitting the virtual checkout button. However, the resulting damage to your bank balance is all too real. Why do you think online retailers( 零售商) keep your credit card details on file So you can just press ‘Buy' and they've got your cash. Again and again. But all you end up with is loads of goods you wouldn't otherwise have bought. If you're tempted(诱惑), be strict, put the mouse down and ask yourself: "Do I really need this " The answer is most probably: "No".
21．Which of the following can help save your money
A．Visiting a bank regularly.
B．Limiting visits to cash-points.
C．Surfing DIY sites for old junks.
D．Relying on a card while shopping.
22．What does the underlined words in the idea of DIY mean
A．Awkward. B．Busy. C．Creative. D．Nervous.
23．What may aimless virtual shopping result in
A．Saving money. B．Making a good deal.
C．Making ends meet. D．Piling up unwanted items.
【答案】21．B
22．A
23．D
【知识点】词义猜测题；细节理解题；时文广告类；应用文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了三种减少花钱的方法。
【点评】考查阅读理解，包含细节理解题、词义猜测题，是一篇介绍类阅读，注意先略读文章，掌握文章大意，再分析题干及选项，到文中找到相关内容并进行理解。
21．考查细节理解。根据Pay in cash部分中的"But don't make repeated trips to the cash-point(取款机) every day, spending randomly your hard-earned money bit by bit."但不要每天重复去取款机，一点一点地随意消费你辛苦赚来的钱。可知，限制去取款机的次数可以帮助省钱。故选B。
22．考查词义猜测。根据 DIY 部分中的"this can be done easily in less than an hour"可知，用这些启发性的想法改变自己的家和衣橱可以在不到一小时内轻松完成，结合even if引导了一个让步状语从句，表示转折关系。所以even if you're usually all fingers and thumbs的意思是：尽管你通常笨手笨脚的。可推知all fingers and thumbs意为"笨手笨脚"，故选A。
23．考查细节理解。根据Cut back online shopping部分中的"We've all done it, surfed the net at lunch or late at night, aimlessly dropping virtual bargains in our virtual basket and hitting the virtual checkout button. "我们都这么做过，在午餐或深夜上网，漫无目的地把虚拟便宜货放在我们的虚拟篮子里，然后点击虚拟结账按钮；以及"But all you end up with is loads of goods you wouldn't otherwise have bought."但你最终得到的只是一大堆你本来不会买的东西。可知，漫无目的地进行虚拟购物会增加许多不需要的东西。故选D。
阅读理解
Climbing, I once thought, was a very manly activity, but as I found my way into this activity, I came to see that something quite different happens on the rock.
Like wild swimming, rock climbing involves you into the landscape. On the rock, I am fully present. Eyes pay close attention.ears are alert (警觉的), and hands move across the surface. Unlike walking, where I could happily wander about absent-mindedly, in climbing, attentive observation is essential.
As an arts student studying English literature, I discovered a new type of reading from outdoor climbing. Going out on to the crags (悬崖), I saw how you can learn to read the rocks and develop a vocabulary of physical movements. Good climbers knew how to map their bodies on to the stone. Watching them, I wanted to possess that skillful language.
My leap happened when I worked for the Cairngorms National Park Authority. Guiding my explorations into this strange new landscape was Nan Shepherd. Unlike the goal-directed mindset of many mountaineers, she is not concerned with peaks or personal beats. Shepherd sees the mountain as a total environment and she celebrates the Caingorms as a place alive with plants, rocks, animals and elements. Through her generous spirit and my own wanderings, I saw that rock climbing need not be a process of testing yourself against anything. Rather, the intensity of focus could release you into another way of being.
Spending so much time in high and stony places has changed my view on the world and our place in it. I have come into physical contact with processes that go way beyond the everyday. Working with gravity, geology (地质学), rhythms of weather and deep time, I gain an actual relationship with the earth. This connection lies at the heart of my passion for rock climbing. I return to the rocks, because this is where I feel in touch — with our land.
24．Why does the author like climbing
A．It challenges her to compete with men.
B．Ir allows her a unique attitude toward rock.
C．It teaches her how to possess a new language.
D．It makes her feel connected with the world.
25．What does the writer find important in climbing
A．Balance. B．Concentration C．Determination. D．Curiosity.
26．What does the writer learn from Nan Shepherd
A．Climbing goes together with nature.
B．Every mountain top is within reach.
C．The best climber is the one having fun.
D．You cannot achieve high unless you change.
27．What does the underlined word "it" in paragraph 5 refer to
A．Time. B．Contact. C．The world. D．My view.
【答案】24．D
25．B
26．A
27．C
【知识点】推理判断题；词义猜测题；细节理解题；日常生活类；议论文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文，作者喜欢爬山，介绍了自己对爬山的理解及从爬山得到的感悟。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和代词指代三个题型的考查，是一篇生活类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而选出正确答案。
24．考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的“Working with gravity, geology (地质学), rhythms of weather and deep time, I gain an actual relationship with the earth. This connection lies at the heart of my passion for rock climbing.”通过研究重力、地质、天气节奏和深层时间，我获得了与地球的真实关系。这种联系正是我对攀岩的热情所在。可知，作者喜欢爬山是因为爬山可以与世界产生联系。故选D。
25．考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“On the rock, I am fully present. Eyes pay close attention, ears are alert (警觉的), and hands move across the surface. Unlike walking, where I could happily wander about absent-mindedly, in climbing, attentive observation is essential.”在岩石上，我完全存在于这里。眼睛密切关注，耳朵警觉，手在水面上移动。不像散步，我可以愉快地心不在焉地漫步，在爬山时，全神贯注的观察是必不可少的。可知，作者发现爬山时专注很重要。故选B。
26．考查推理判断。根据第四段中的“Shepherd sees the mountain as a total environment and she celebrates the Caingorms as a place alive with plants, rocks, animals and.elements.”Shepherd把这座山视为一个完整的环境，她赞美Caingorms是一个充满了植物，岩石，动物和各种元素的地方。可知，作者从Shepherd身上学到爬山是与大自然融为一体。故选A。
27．考查词义猜测。根据最后一段中的“Spending so much time in high and stony places has changed my view on the world and our place in it.”在高处多石的地方呆了这么长时间，改变了我对世界和我们在其中的地位的看法。可知，此处指作者通过爬山改变了对世界和自身在世界中的地位的看法，it指代前文的“世界”。故选C。
阅读理解
Some new comets have been discovered accidentally by amateur (业余的) astronomers. Surprisingly a few bright comets have been discovered with the naked eye (肉眼) by members of the general public. However, a great number of comets are found by comet hunters carrying out telescope searches of chosen areas of the night sky.
As the movement of all comets is directed around the Sun and because these bodies brighten as they move towards the Sun, there is a greater possibility for the discovery of a new comet in the skies towards the Sun rather than away from the Sun's direction. This means that searches should be put on the western sky after evening light and on the eastern sky before morning light.
From the astronomical point there is no time during the year which is the best for the discovery of new comets. A search can be done at any time providing there is no bright Moon.
Studies done on the discovery conditions of comets discovered before show that more comets have been discovered in the morning sky than in the evening sky. Thus the smart comet hunter should make sure that morning activity receives as much if not more attention than any evening effort.
In recent times, the use of advanced CCD technology to discover objects close to the Earth will in the future greatly reduce the chances of new comets being found with small telescopes. An example of the new technology is the very successful LINEAR program operating in New Mexico, However, until a similar system is based in the southern half of the Earth there will continue to be chances for the discovery of new comets which come from the south.
28．What are comet hunters advised to do
A．Look away from the Sun.
B．Stay where there's bright light.
C．Face the western sky in the daytime.
D．Turn to the east in the early morning.
29．What do we know about the time for the discovery of new comets
A．Days when they're close to the Earth are great chances.
B．Certain fixed days are best for watching comets.
C．Every day is the same if there's no bright Moon.
D．Days with the Moon should never be missed.
30．Which of the following is a smart idea for comet hunters
A．Paying more attention in the morning than in the afternoon.
B．Being equally serious both in the morning and afternoon.
C．Being more relaxed in the morning than in the afternoon.
D．Forming a habit of working only in the morning.
31．What can be inferred about the CCD technology
A．It's similar to a telescope.
B．It'll disappoint comet hunters.
C．It's spreading all over the world.
D．It'll make comet hunters feel lucky.
【答案】28．D
29．C
30．B
31．B
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；说明文；科普类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了观测彗星的一些建议。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇科普类阅读，通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
28．考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“This means that searches should be put on the western sky after evening light and on the eastern sky before morning light.”这意味着搜索应该在傍晚后在西部天空进行，在晨光前在东部天空进行。可知，彗星猎手被建议清晨时应观测东面的天空。故选D。
29．考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“A search can be done at any time providing there is no bright Moon.”只要没有明亮的月亮，就可以随时进行搜索。可知，只要没有月亮，每天都一样可以观测。故选C。
30．考查推理判断。根据第四段中的“Thus the smart comet hunter should make sure that morning activity receives as much if not more attention than any evening effort.”因此，聪明的彗星猎人应该确保早上的活动比晚上的活动受到同样多的关注。可推断，早晚观测彗星应该投入一样的精力。故选B。
31．考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“In recent times, the use of advanced CCD technology to discover objects close to the earth will in the future greatly reduce the chances of new comets being found with small telescopes.”近年来，使用先进的CCD技术来发现靠近地球的物体，将在未来大大减少用小型望远镜发现新彗星的机会。可知，CCD技术的使用降低了追星猎人发现新的彗星的概率，推断出这种技术应该会让追星猎手感到有些失望。故选B。
阅读理解
It is a familiar scene these days：employees take newly laidoff(下岗) coworkers out for a drink for comfort.But which side deserves sympathy more，the jobless or the still employed On March 6，researchers at a conference at the University of Cambridge heard data suggesting it's the latter.
Brendan Burchell，a Cambridge sociologist，presented his analysis based on various surveys conducted across Europe.The data suggests that employed people who feel insecure in their jobs show similar levels of anxiety and depression as those who are unemployed.Although a newly jobless person's mental health may "bottom out" after about six months，and then even begin to improve，"the mental state of people who are continuously worried about losing their jobs just continues to get worse and worse，" Burchell says.
Evolutionary psychologists support this theory by arguing that human beings feel more stressed during times of insecurity because they sense an immediate but invisible threat.Patients have been known to experience higher levels of anxiety，for example，while waiting for examination results than knowing what they are suffering from—even if the result is cancer.It's better to get the bad news and start doing something about it rather than wait with anxiety.When the uncertainty continues，people stay in a nonstop "fight or flight" response，which leads to damaging stress.
"But not every employee in insecure industries has such a discouraging view，" Burchell says.In general，women get on better.While reporting higher levels of anxiety than men when directly questioned，women scored lower in stress on the GHQ 12，even when they had a job they felt insecure about losing.As Burchell explains，"For women，most studies show that any job—it doesn't matter whether it is secure or insecure—gives psychological improvement over unemployment." Burchell supposes that the difference in men is that they tend to feel pressured not only to be employed，but also to be the primary breadwinner，and that more of a man's selfworth depends on his job.
32．Why do researchers think the still employed deserve sympathy more
A．They have to do more work since then.
B．They have no chance to find better jobs.
C．They have to work with inexperienced workers.
D．They constantly worry about losing their jobs.
33．What is most likely to cause a "fight or flight" response
A．Not having a paid job.
B．Fierce competition for jobs.
C．Not knowing what will happen.
D．Pressure to work longer hours.
34．What will the writer talk about following the last paragraph
A．Advice on preparing a job interview.
B．Advice to those in insecure industries.
C．Some knowledge of psychology.
D．Differences between men and women.
35．What could be the best title for the text
A．Is It Less Stressful to Get Laid off than Stay on
B．Should Greater Sympathy Be Given to the Jobless
C．Do Employees Bear More Stress than Ever Before
D．Do Men or Women Show Higher Levels of Anxiety
【答案】32．D
33．C
34．B
35．A
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；说明文；科普类；标题选择；文章大意
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了在职的人比下岗的人精神压力更大，更需要同情。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇科研类阅读，首先要仔细阅读短文，掌握大意，然后结合具体的题目，再读短文，从中找出相关信息，就可以确定正确答案。
32．考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“the mental state of people who are continuously worried about losing their job just continues to get worse and worse"那些不断担心失业的人的精神状态越来越糟，可知，担心下岗的在职的人员的精神状态会越来越差。故选D。
33．考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“When the uncertainty continues, people stay in a nonstop ‘fight or flight’ response, which leads to damaging stress.”当不确定性持续存在时，人们会不停地做出“要么战斗，要么逃跑”的反应，这会导致破坏性的压力。可知，当不确定一直继续的时候，人们会一直处于“逃跑还是战斗”的反应当中。故选C。
34．考查推理判断。纵观全文可知，本文介绍了人们在没有保障的行业中的精神状态，这是背景，也就是提出问题。那么接下来就应该对在没有保障行业中的人们的提出建议。故选B。
35．考查主旨大意。根据第一段中的“But which side deserves sympathy more, the jobless
or the still employed On March 6, researchers at a conference at the University of Cambridge heard data suggesting it's the latter.”但是，失业者和仍在就业的人，哪一方更值得同情？3月6日，研究人员在剑桥大学的一次会议上听到数据表明是后者。可知在职的人比下岗的人精神压力更大，更需要同情。“下岗比继续工作压力小吗？”适合做文章的标题。故选A。
四、任务型阅读(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Have you ever thought about traveling to new places, but you can't afford it 　36． 　 Basically, you work a few hours each week in exchange for free housing. Both meals and other benefits are often thrown in. The jobs range from cleaning to computer work. You can search by location or for the type of work you're interested in. One benefit of the more popular programs is that they assist you in different ways. They also charge as little as US$ 39 and offer extra features. 　37． 　And World packers pride themselves on their attention to safety and security. They carefully check out each potential host. They also provide a 24/7 support network for volunteers and hosts.
　38． 　You can gain new skills in creativity, leadership, languages and more. You can drown yourself in a new culture. You'll make new friends because you stay in one place for a while and work. Practically anyone at any age can join a program and travel throughout the year.
Your length of stay depends on your host. 　39． 　 Typically, you'll work 20 to 30 hours a week. This gives you plenty of free time to explore the area.
When it comes to work exchange opportunities, the sky is the limit! You can help on a farm in Ireland. You might work in a wildlife park in Australia or as a photographer in Mexico. You could work in reception in a Japanese guesthouse. Or you might help at a South African surf camp. 　40． 　Consider a travel work exchange. It might be the most exciting trip you ever take!
A. The opportunities are endless!
B. How can you work for the program
C. It can be from one week to many months.
D. If so, consider a work exchange program.
E. What are the reasons to do a work exchange
F. That doesn't mean you have no choice but to stay at home.
G. For example, Workaway's site lists over 50,000 places to choose from.
【答案】36．D；37．G；38．E；39．C；40．A
【知识点】说明文；七选五；旅游观光类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了用工作交换旅行的项目。
【点评】考查七选五，本文是一篇旅游类阅读，要求在理解细节信息的基础上，着重考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。
36．根据空前“Have you ever thought about traveling to new places, but you can’t afford it ”你有没有想过去一个新的地方旅行，但你负担不起？，说明下文要介绍一种免费或花很少的钱去其他地方旅行的方法；以及空后“Basically, you work a few hours each week in exchange for free housing.”基本上，你每周工作几个小时，以换取免费住房。说明有一种用工作换旅游费用的方法，D. If so, consider a work exchange program.“如果是的话，考虑一下工作交换项目。”提出了用工作换旅行的项目，因此承上启下，符合语境，故选D。
37．根据空前“One benefit of the more popular programs is that they assist you in different ways. They also charge as little as US$ 39 and offer extra features.”更受欢迎的项目的一个好处是它们以不同的方式帮助你。它们的收费也低至39美元，并提供额外的特点。接下来就应该介绍额外的特点具体是什么，G. For example, Workaway’s site lists over 50,000 places to choose from.“例如，Workaway的网站列出了超过5万个可供选择的地方。”具体说明了这个项目的特点，因此承接上文，符合语境，故选G。
38．根据空后“You can gain new skills in creativity, leadership, languages and more. You can drown yourself in a new culture. You’ll make new friends because you stay in one place for a while and work.”你可以获得创造力、领导力、语言等方面的新技能。你可以沉浸在一种新的文化中。你会结交新朋友，因为你在一个地方待了一段时间，工作了。这是在说参加这个项目的好处， E. What are the reasons to do a work exchange “进行工作交换的原因是什么？”提出为什么参加这个用工作换旅行的项目，空后所列的好处就是原因，因此引起下文，符合语境，故选E。
39．根据空前“Your length of stay depends on your host.”你停留的时间长短取决于你的主人；以及空后“Typically, you’ll work 20 to 30 hours a week.”一般来说，你每周要工作20到30个小时。说明工作的时间可以很长也可能很短， C. It can be from one week to many months. “从一个星期到几个月不等。”说明工作的时间可以很长也可能很短，因此承上启下，符合语境，故选C。
40．根据空前“When it comes to work exchange opportunities, the sky is the limit! You can help on a farm in Ireland. You might work in a wildlife park in Australia or as a photographer in Mexico. You could work in reception in a Japanese guesthouse. Or you might help at a South African surf camp.”当谈到工作交流机会时，这是无限的！你可以在爱尔兰的农场帮忙。你可以在澳大利亚的野生动物园工作，或者在墨西哥当摄影师。你可以在日本宾馆的接待处工作。或者你可以在南非的冲浪营地帮忙。说明这种项目里的工作机会是无限的， A. The opportunities are endless! “机会是无限的！”说明工作机会是无限的，因此承接上文，符合语境，故选A。
五、完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
（2023高一下·鼓楼期末） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Mariah Reading is an environmentalist, who grew up with an early appreciation for nature.
While studying art at Bowdoin College, she saw the vast amounts of 41． from her painting and sculpture classes. She began to seriously consider her footprint as a(n) 42． ."How can I paint landscapes if I'm 43． them " she thought. Then she started using the rubbish as her canvas (画布).
After graduation, Mariah travelled throughout the country, 44． rubbish to bring to her studio. One day, a 45． hubcap (轮毂盖) she found by the side of the road gave her a new 46． . She noticed the half hubcap had cracked off to 47． the line of the mountain range that she was in. So she 48． the mountain landscape on it and held it up in front of the real 49． and took a photo. It became the first in her 50． series.
Over the years, she has painted more than 100 pieces of rubbish and photographed her transformations 51． matching real-life landscapes. It's like 52． new life into forgotten objects. Her practice 53． the principle of "leaving no trace" by 54． painting with sculpture and photography.
Mariah hopes people see themselves and their own habits 55． into her works and make small changes in their everyday lives.
41．A．paper B．waste C．power D．work
42．A．artist B．cleaner C．journalist D．agent
43．A．exploring B．forgetting C．harming D．shaping
44．A．taking out B．running out C．setting up D．picking up
45．A．broken B．lost C．new D．hidden
46．A．medium B．idea C．reason D．life
47．A．damage B．connect C．form D．cross
48．A．protected B．enjoyed C．changed D．painted
49．A．car B．range C．picture D．road
50．A．ongoing B．outdated C．occasional D．odd
51．A．against B．as C．from D．without
52．A．forcing B．turning C．attracting D．breathing
53．A．highlights B．replaces C．attaches D．ignores
54．A．replacing B．filling C．comparing D．combining
55．A．trapped B．contained C．reflected D．admitted
【答案】41．B；42．A；43．C；44．D；45．A；46．B；47．C；48．D；49．B；50．A；51．A；52．D；53．A；54．D；55．C
【知识点】故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了生态艺术家Mariah Reading用艺术的方式为环保出力。Mariah Reading早在大学时学习艺术专业时发现，艺术造成了不少浪费，于是她将对自然的热爱与艺术相结合，在被丢弃的垃圾上作画，创作出与周围风景相匹配的美丽山水，通过艺术作品提醒人们要环保。
【点评】考查完形填空，本题考点涉及动词，名词，形容词，介词，固定短语等多个知识点的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析推理，从而选出正确答案。
41．句意：在鲍登学院学习艺术时，她看到了绘画和雕塑课程带来的大量浪费。A. paper"纸张"；B. waste"浪费"；C. power"电力"；D. work"工作"。根据上文"Mariah Reading is an environmentalist"玛丽亚·里丁是一位环保主义者；以及下文"Then she started using the refuse as her canvas (画布) ."然后她开始用垃圾做画布。可知，玛丽亚·里丁关注环保，发现绘画和雕塑课程有大量的浪费，促使她以后选择了环保的方式来继续作画。故选B。
42．句意：她开始认真考虑自己作为一个艺术家的足迹。A. artist"艺术家"；B. cleaner"清洁工"；C. journalist"记者"；D. agent"经纪人，代理人"。根据上文"While studying art at Bowdoin College, she saw the vast amounts of 1 from her painting and sculpture classes."在鲍登学院学习艺术时，她看到了绘画和雕塑课程带来的大量浪费。可知，玛丽亚·里丁学习艺术，以后会成为艺术家。故选A。
43．句意："如果我伤害了风景，我怎么能画它们呢？"她想。A. exploring"探索"；B. forgetting"遗忘"；C. harming"伤害"；D. shaping"塑造"。根据上文"Mariah Reading is an environmentalist, who grew up with an early appreciation for nature. "玛丽亚·里丁是一位环保主义者，从小就对大自然充满了欣赏。可知，玛丽亚·里丁作为一个环保人士，不愿意在绘画过程中有破坏风景的行为。故选C。
44．句意：毕业后，玛利亚周游全国，捡垃圾带到她的工作室。A. taking out"拿出"；B. running out"用完，用尽"；C. setting up"建立，设立"；D. picking up"捡起"。根据空后"rubbish to bring to her studio"可知，玛丽亚·里丁在游历过程中看见垃圾，会把垃圾带回工作室，作画布。故选D。
45．句意：有一天，她在路边发现的一个坏掉的轮毂盖给了她一个新的想法。A. broken"破碎的"；B. lost"迷路的"；C. new"新的"；D. hidden"隐秘的"。根据下文"She noticed the half hubcap had cracked off to 7 　the line of the mountain range that she was in."她注意到那半个轮毂盖已经破裂了，构成了她所处的山脉的线条。可知，只有半个轮毂盖，故选A项。
46．句意：有一天，她在路边发现的一个坏掉的轮毂盖给了她一个新的想法。A. medium"媒介"；B. idea"想法"；C. reason"原因"；D. life"生活"。根据下文"She noticed the half hubcap had cracked off to 7 the line of the mountain range that she was in. So she 8 　the mountain landscape on it and held it up in front of the real 9 and took a photo. It became the first in her 10 series. "她注意到那半个轮毂盖已经破裂了，构成了她所处的山脉的线条。于是她在轮毂盖上面画了山景，在真正的山脉前举着它，拍了张照片。这是她仍在进行的系列的第一幅画。可知，玛利亚在这块轮毂盖上作画，并且以那座山为背景拍了照，这激发了她用垃圾作画布的主意。故选B。
47．句意：她注意到那半个轮毂盖已经破裂了，构成了她所处的山脉的线条。A. damage"损坏"；B. connect"连接"；C. form"构成"；D. cross"交叉"。根据空后"the line of the mountain range that she was in"可知，此处指这半个轮毂盖的形状，与眼前的这座山的轮廓线相似，故选C。
48．句意：于是她在上面画了山景，在真正的山脉前举着它，拍了张照片。A. protected"保护"；B. enjoyed"享受"；C. changed"改变"；D. painted"画"。根据上文"Then she started using the refuse as her canvas(画布). "然后她开始用垃圾做画布；以及下文"It became the first in her 10 series. "这是她仍在进行的系列的第一幅画。可知，玛丽亚把轮毂盖作画布，在上面画山景。故选D。
49．句意：于是她在上面画了山景，把它举到真正的山脉前，拍了张照片。A. car"汽车"；B. range"山脉"；C. picture"图片"；D. road"路"。根据上文"She noticed the half hubcap had cracked off to 7 the line of the mountain range that she was in. "她注意到那半个轮毂盖已经破裂了，构成了她所处的山脉的线条。可知，当时玛丽亚正好在山里，这半个轮毂盖的轮廓线与这个山脉的线条相似。故选B。
50．句意：这变成她仍在进行的系列的第一幅画。A. ongoing"仍在进行的"；B. outdated"过时的"；C. occasional"偶尔的"；D. odd"奇怪的"。根据下文"Over the years, she has painted more than 100 pieces of rubbish and photographed her transformations 11 matching real-life landscapes. "多年来，她在100多件垃圾上作画，并与现实生活中的景观相匹配，拍摄了她的（从垃圾到艺术的）转化。可知，从轮毂盖上作第一张画开始，玛丽亚的以垃圾为画布的系列已经持续好几年了，还在进行中。故选A。
51．句意：多年来，她在100多件垃圾上作画，并与现实中的景观相匹配，拍摄了她的（从垃圾到艺术的）转化。A. against"以……为背景，映衬"；B. as"作为"；C. from"来自"；D. without"没有"。根据上文"So she 8 the mountain landscape on it and held it up in front of the real 9 and took a photo. "于是她在上面画了山景，在真正的山脉前举着它，拍了张照片。可知，玛丽亚的画都依据真实的景观而作，并以实景为背景，画与实景相匹配，同框留影，故选A。
52．句意：这就像给被遗忘的东西注入新的生命。A. forcing"强迫"；B. turning"翻转"；C. attracting"吸引"；D. breathing"呼吸"。breathe…into…，固定短语，"注入……到……中"，这些成为画布的垃圾有了新的意义。故选D。
53．句意：她的做法将绘画与雕塑、摄影相结合，突出了"不留痕迹"的原则。A. highlights"突出"；B. replaces"取代"；C. attaches"重视，把……固定"；D. ignores"忽略"。此处评价了玛丽亚的"垃圾作画布"系列的作画特点，根据上文"Over the years, she has painted more than 100 pieces of rubbish and photographed her transformations 11 matching real-life landscapes." 她在100多件垃圾上作画，并与现实中的景观相匹配，拍摄了她的（从垃圾到艺术的）转化。故选A。
54．句意：她的做法将绘画与雕塑、摄影相结合，突出了"不留痕迹"的原则。A. replacing"代替"；B. filling"填充"；C. comparing"比较"；D. combining"结合"。玛丽亚的"垃圾作画布"系列中，有绘画、雕塑、摄影。combine…with…固定短语，"……与……相结合"，故选D。
55．句意：玛丽亚希望人们看到在她的作品中映射出的自己和自己的习惯，并在日常生活中做出小小的改变。A. trapped"使陷入困境，卡住"；B. contained"包含"；C. reflected"反映"；D. admitted"承认"。这些捡来的垃圾反射着人们浪费的行为习惯，玛丽亚的作品中有着环保理念，希望人们通过看她的作品以后有所改变，变得有环保意识。故选C。
六、(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
（2023高一下·鼓楼期末） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
For Greek photographer George Doupas, Beijing is home now. During the past decade, he has been photographing the city, capturing its beauty 　56． 　 sharing these photos online and in exhibitions.
"This　57． 　(true) represents Beijing — the old and the new, nicely mixing together," Doupas said while　58． 　(show) his photograph of the Zhihua Temple, a delicate Ming Dynasty building. It　59． 　(locate) in front of a modern office building, Galaxy SOHO, which features weaving bridges and interlocking passageways.
With rich historical heritage, Beijing has been an important center of traditional Chinese culture since the Ming Dynasty. Doupas often gets　60． 　(lose) in the city's splendid ancient architecture. Meanwhile, he is also amazed by the modern city combining high-end businesses and various　61． 　(industry). "It is fascinating 　62． 　(see) a rapidly-developing city that invests so much effort in preserving its past,　63． 　 is why I decided to pursue my career here," he said.
Doupas is determined to continue with his career in China, hoping to serve　64． 　 a bridge between China and the West. The displays that show his photos about Beijing have attracted a large audience in Greece and the Czech Republic.
"I call Beijing my home now," he said, "I'll keep sharing photos of China with　65． 　 rest of the world."
【答案】56．and；57．truly；58．showing；59．is located；60．lost；61．industries；62．to see；63．which；64．as；65．the
【知识点】故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，在过去的十年里，生活在北京的希腊摄影师George Doupas一直在拍摄这座城市，捕捉它的美丽，并在网上和展览中分享这些照片。
【点评】考查语法填空，本题考点涉及连词，副词，省略，时态语态，形容词，名词，非谓语动词，定语从句，介词，冠词以及固定搭配等多个知识点的考查，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
56．句意：在过去的十年里，他一直在拍摄这座城市，捕捉它的美丽，并在网上和展览中分享这些照片。根据句意可知，空后的sharing和上文的photographing以及capturing是并列关系，应用并列连词and。故填and。
57．句意："这真正代表了北京——旧与新，完美地融合在一起，"Doupas在展示他拍摄的智化寺的照片时说，智化寺是一座精美的明代建筑。此处副词作状语，修饰后面的动词represents。故填truly。
58．句意："这真正代表了北京——旧与新，完美地融合在一起，"Doupas在展示他拍摄的智化寺的照片时说，智化寺是一座精美的明代建筑。此处是while引导的时间状语从句的省略，从句的主语是Doupas，结合句意可知，此处指"当他在展示他拍摄的智化寺的照片时"，句子用过去进行时，故完整形式是while he was showing his photograph of the Zhihua Temple，当状语从句的主语和主句主语一致，且从句含有be动词时，可将从句的主语和be动词省略，故填showing。
59．句意：它位于现代办公大楼银河SOHO的前面，以编织的桥梁和环环相扣的通道为特色。此处是谓语动词，be located in+地点固定短语，"坐落于……"；句子是描述一个事实，应用一般现在时，结合主语it，故填is located。
60．句意：Doupas经常在这座城市辉煌的古建筑中迷路。get在句中作连系动词，空格处应该填入形容词lost作表语。故填lost。
61．句意：与此同时，他也惊叹于这座高端商业与多种产业相结合的现代化城市。industry"产业，行业"，可数名词，由"various"可知此处应用复数形式，故填industries。
62．句意：他说："看到一个快速发展的城市如此努力地保护它的过去，这是令人着迷的，这就是我决定在这里追求事业的原因。"此处动词不定式作真正的主语，故填to see。
63．句意：他说："看到一个快速发展的城市如此努力地保护它的过去，这是令人着迷的，这就是我决定在这里追求事业的原因。" is why I decided to pursue my career here 是非限制性定语从句，先行词是前面的句子，关系词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which。故填which。
64．句意：Doupas决心在中国继续他的职业生涯，希望成为中国和西方之间的桥梁。serve as固定短语，"担任，充当"，故填as。
65．句意："我现在把北京当作我的家，"他说，"我将继续与世界其他地方分享中国的照片。"the rest of固定短语，"剩余的，其他的"，故填the。
七、书面表达（满分15分）
66．假如你是李华，你刚刚参观了你市博物馆举办的一次"遇见艺术家"的展览，请为你校英文报写一则评论，内容包括： 1. 展览概况；2. 观展感受；3. 意见建议。参考词汇：exhibition
注意：1. 写作词数应为80左右；2. 为使行文连贯，可以适当增加细节。
【答案】Last Saturday, I just visited an exhibition titled "Meeting Artists" held by our city's museum. The exhibition attracted many masters and amateurs at home and abroad. Many artworks including Chinese handwriting and landscape paintings from ancient and modern times were on show.
The host explained every work in details on the spot. The exhibition left a deep impression on me. In my view, it not only promoted the inheritance of Chinese traditional culture but strengthened our national pride as well. I hope there will be more activities like this in the future.
【知识点】提纲作文；文字式应用文；半开放性作文
【解析】【分析】本题是一篇应用文写作，要求考生以李华的身份为校英文报写一则评论。写作背景：你刚刚参观了你市博物馆举办的一次"遇见艺术家"的展览 。写作要点已经给出，属于提纲类作文，内容包括： 1. 展览概况；2. 观展感受；3. 意见建议。 提示中的内容比较泛泛，需要适当补充。本题对于考生的综合能力要求较高，要求考生有很强的谋篇布局的能力和组织要点的能力。需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。
【点评】本篇作文要点齐全，结构完整，条理清晰，应用了较多的语法结构和词汇，熟练地使用了语句间的连接成分，使整个文章结构紧凑，很好地完成了写作任务。例如：Last Saturday, I just visited an exhibition titled "Meeting Artists" held by our city's museum. 运用了过去分词作定语；Many artworks including Chinese handwriting and landscape paintings from ancient and modern times were on show. 运用了并列句； I hope there will be more activities like this in the future.运用了宾语从句。
八、读后续写(满分25分)
67．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Two days before Christmas, I received a Facebook message from a stranger. "Hi, Peter," it began, "my name is Al Sodaro and I'm a former patient of your Dad."
My father was a doctor, and Al wanted to share holiday greetings and a childhood story involving a talk he'd had with Dad. Over the years I've received many such messages, or had people ask me if I was related to Dr. Zheutlin, or Dr. Z as he was well known in my New Jersey hometown. A story of grace or kindness would always follow.
When he was diagnosed (诊断) with lung cancer in 1997 and realized he was going to have to close his practice of more than 40 years, Dad asked me to help him draft a letter to his patients. He was heartbroken. "I think I need my patients more than they need me," he told me.
We had the letters copied and mailed them out the old-fashioned way. He was completely unprepared for the outpouring of love and appreciation that followed. He was just doing his job, he said.
The cards and letters-hundreds of them-came from near and far. Young children sent drawings, many recalling their past with my father, or enclosed a lollipop (棒棒糖). Some came from parents who had been his patients when they were young. Some were several pages long, filled with stories about the doctor who, above all, showed kindness, answering their calls in the middle of the night or meeting them in the office before sunrise.
Sometimes his greatest gift was his ability to simply reduce their anxiety. At other times, he recognized rare but serious symptoms (due to his clinical excellence) where quick thinking avoided disaster. Many of the cards and letters contained stories like Al Sodaro's. There was one, however, that is still fresh in my mind, which I shared at his standing-room-only memorial service.
When he was quite young, a little boy named Chris Eckershard came to the office, proud of a new pair of sneakers he was wearing.
注意：1. 续写词数应为150左右；2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dad asked Chris if he could have one, just one, of Chris's sneakers.
The box came from a woman, who was Chris's mother.
【答案】Dad asked Chris if he could have one, just one, of Chris's sneakers. I imagine at first Chris was confused, but then understood Dad was gently joking with him. By the time Dad was dying, Chris was about 12 and the sneaker joke had been ongoing for years. Every time he came to the office, Dad would ask him for one of his shoes. A week before Dad died, a small box arrived in the mail and inside was a single well-worn sneaker. It remains a cherished possession in our family.
The box came from a woman, who was Chris's mother. Hearing the news of Dad's death, she drove all the way to the funeral home to tell us something. She was a single, working mom raising Chris on a tight budget, and had no health insurance. She wanted us to know that for years, Dad refused to take a penny from her. Dad never told us such stories as these. He did these things not because he wanted others to think better of him, but because he believed what mattered most in the world was kindness.
【知识点】文字式记叙文；开放性作文；读后续写
【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达是读后续写。通过阅读文章可知，讲述了作者收到了一个陌生人发来的Facebook信息，是父亲以前的病人发来的。父亲生病后，不得不结束诊所的工作，因此让作者他起草一封致病人的信。信寄出后收到了很多回复，病人们讲述着自己的故事，感激作者的父亲。段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“爸爸问Chris他是否要可以要一只Chris的运动鞋”可知，第一段可描写Chris和父亲关于运动鞋的故事。②由第二段首句内容“这个盒子来自一个女人，她是Chris的母亲”可知，第二段可描写Chris的母亲前来诉说父亲从来没有收钱，和作者感悟。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。
【点评】本书面表达要点齐全，上下文连贯，使用一定数量的句式结构，让句子更加生动丰满，同时运用了许多高级词汇和固定短语，提高文章的档次，体现了对英语的熟练的驾驭能力。例如：I imagine at first Chris was confused, but then understood Dad was gently joking with him. 运用了转折并列句；By the time Dad was dying, Chris was about 12 and the sneaker joke had been ongoing for years. 运用了限制性定语从句，并列句；Every time he came to the office, Dad would ask him for one of his shoes.运用了时间状语从句； A week before Dad died, a small box arrived in the mail and inside was a single well-worn sneaker.运用了并列句，倒装句； Hearing the news of Dad's death, she drove all the way to the funeral home to tell us something. 运用了现在分词作状语； She wanted us to know that for years, Dad refused to take a penny from her. 运用了宾语从句；He did these things not because he wanted others to think better of him, but because he believed what mattered most in the world was kindness.运用了原因状语从句，并列句，宾语从句。
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