中考英语二轮语法专题复习-宾语从句 课件

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中考英语二轮语法专题复习
宾语从句
I say hello.
I say that you are right.
什么是宾语从句？
宾语
宾语
从句
引导词
宾从
语序
引导词
时态
that
if/whether
特殊疑问词
目录
1. I say it. You are right.
2. We knew it. There are usually 365 days in a year.
3. She tells us it. They lost their matches.
引导词
例子：
1. I say that you are right.
2. We knew that there are usually 365 days in a year.
3. She tells us that they lost their matches.
that→引导？
if, whether→引导？
特殊疑问词→引导？
陈述句
that引导
(that可省略)
例子：
We didn’t know if they could win the race.
引导词
if/whether “是否”
= We didn’t know whether they could win the race.
→ We didn’t know it. Could they win the race
引导一般疑问句
引导词
只用whether的情况
① whether…or/or not
E.g. Can you tell me whether or not the train has left
② prep.+whether
E.g. He isn’t interested in whether you like the plan or not.
③ whether to do
E.g. I don't know whether to accept or refuse.
④ 在句子开头时
E.g. Whether it is true or not, I can’t tell.
引导词
特殊疑问词
例子：
We wanted to know why they could win the race.
→ We wanted to know it.
Why could they win the race
引导特殊疑问句
that→引导陈述句（that可省略；无实际中文意思）
if, whether→引导一般疑问句（是否）
特殊疑问词when, why, how…→引导特殊疑问句
看句意选引导词
[课堂检测]
1. --What did your teacher say this morning
--She told us __________ we would have a test soon.
A. where B. that C. which D. whether
1. We’ve decided to offer her some money, but we’re not sure __________ she’ll accept it.
A. why B. what C. whether D. which
2. -- Can you guess __________ the new Nike sports shoes
-- Yes, Maybe he asked his grandpa to pay for them, I think.
A. how he paid for B. where he bought
C. when he paid for D. why he bought
语序
例子：
I don’t know it. Could South Korea win the race
→ I don’t know if South Korea could win the race.
主 谓
谓 主
→陈述句的语序
We wanted to know it. Why could South Korea win the race
→ We wanted to know why South Korea could win the race.
例子：
Everyone is surprised. South Korea won the race.
→ Everyone is surprised at that South Korea won the race.
陈述语序；
口诀：连主谓
语序
what，who在特殊疑问句中做主语时
→本身是陈述语序，不需要调整语序
E.g. What is the matter with her
主语
Tom is a boy.
其他成分
谓
He asked the girl what is the matter with her.
连词
主语
谓语
What is wrong with you 你怎么了
What is the matter 怎么了
What happened to him 他发生什么事？
Who is in the classroom 谁在教室？
What made him so angry 什么事情使他这么生气？
[课堂检测]
1 .-- Could you tell me __________
-- Sure. Just go straight and turn left. You can see it on your right.
A. how I can get to the library B. where can I find the library
C. how can I get to the library D. where I can find the library
例子：
We knew that Germany was the champion in 2014.
We didn’t know whether he was watching that movie.
We wanted to know why South Korea could win the race.
时态
一般过去时
一般过去时
相应的过去时态
口诀1：主过从过
主句时态 从句时态 条件
一 般 过 去 时 一般过去时、过去进行时 主从句动作同时发生
过去将来时 主句动作先发生
过去完成时 从句动作先发生
一般过去时 虽从句动作发生在主句动作之前，但含有某一具体时间状语
时态
例子：
Everyone is surprised at that South Korea won the race.
We all know that chicken can't swim.
I hear that he’ll be back in a few days.
一般现在时
根据句意决定的任意时态
口诀2：主现从任
时态
例子：
Excuse me, could you tell me when we would visit the new museum
Would you please tell me whether he will come tomorrow
Could/Would you…
表示委婉语气
根据句意决定的任意时态
口诀3：委婉任意
时态
例子：
Our teacher told us light travels much faster than sound.
They knew the sun is much bigger than the earth.
He says that one and one makes two.
客观真理、名言警句→一般现在时
口诀4：真理永现
[课堂检测]
1.-- Do you know _________ tomorrow
-- At 8 o’clock.
A. when did she come B. when she came
C. when will she come D. when she will come
宾从
语序
引导词
时态
that —— 陈述句
if/whether —— 一般疑问句
特殊疑问词 —— 特殊疑问句
总 结
主过从过
主现从任
委婉任意
真理永现
（看句意）
陈述语序：连主谓
三个口诀
一看语序连主谓
二析句意判连词
三用口诀定时态
做题步骤
【诊断测试】
1. -- Do you know __________ the girl in white is
-- I’m not sure. Maybe she is a doctor.
A. how B. where C. what D. Who
2. Excuse me, sir. Could you tell me __________
A. where is the bank nearest B. where is the nearest bank
C. where the nearest bank is D. the nearest bank is where
【知识综合检测】
1. — Could you tell me__________
— Yes, you can go there by bus.
A. how can I get to Zhongshan Park
B. where is the Zhongshan Park
C. how I can get to Zhongshan Park
D. where Zhongshan Park is
2. I didn’t know __________.
A. how I could get on well with others B. how I can get on well with others
C. how can I get on well with others D. how could I get on well with others
宾从简化
(1)主从句主语相同；
主句谓语动词为hope, wish, decide, agree, choose等
→不定式结构
E.g. I hope that I can receive your e-mail.
= I hope to receive your e-mail.
宾从简化
(2)主从句主语相同
主句谓语动词为know, remember, forget, learn等
→疑问词+不定式
E.g. She doesn’t know what she should do next.
=She doesn’t know what to do next.
宾从简化
(3) It seems that+宾从
→ 宾从主语+seem to do
E.g. It seems that football is very interesting.
=Football seems to be very interesting.
宾从简化
(4)宾从可简化为名词/名词短语
E.g. I don’t believe what Tom said.
I don’t believe Tom’s words.