中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
Unit 5 What are the shirts made of
Section A
重点单词
1.n.筷子 2.n.硬币
3.n.餐叉;叉子 4.n.(女式)短上衣;衬衫
5.n.银;银器 adj.银色的 6.n.玻璃
7.n.棉;棉花 8.n.钢;钢铁
9.n.展览会;交易会 10. adj.自然环境的;有关环境的
11.n.草;草地 12.n.叶;叶子
13.v.生产;制造;出产 14. adv.广泛地;普遍地
15.v.加工;处理n.过程 16.v.包装;装箱
17.n.产品;制品 18.法国
19. adj.当地的;本地的 20.n.品牌;牌子
21.v.避免;回避 22.n.小手提包
23. adj.可移动的;非固定的 24. adj.每天的;日常的
25.n.老板;上司 26.德国
27.n.表面;表层 28.n.材料;原料
29.n.交通;路上行驶的车辆 30.n.邮递员
31.n.(尤指有帽舌的)帽子 32.n.(分手指的)手套
词性转换
1. n.叶;叶子 →(复数)
2. v.生产;制造;出产 →n.产品;制品__________________-
3.n.环境 →adj.有关环境的;自然环境的
4.法国 →adj.法国的;法语的n.法语 →n.法国人
5. adj.宽的;宽阔的 →adv.广泛地;普遍地
6.v.保护 →n.保护
7.德国 →adj.德国的;德语的;德国人的n.德语;德国人
重点短语
1.以……闻名;为人知晓 2.由……制成
3.在……(地方/时间)制造 4.据我所知
5.用手(做);靠人工 6.对……有益
7.全世界 8.在过去
9.不论;无论 10.在当地的商店里
11.事实上;实际上 12.擅长于
13.日常用品 14.在将来
15.一双 16.在世界各地
17.交通事故 18.被允许做某事
Section A核心知识点精讲
【1a-2c】
Is it made of silver (P33)
1. be made of/ from/in/into/by
1) be made of sth.“由…制成”，强调看得见原材料
e.g. 这张桌子由木头制成。The desk________________wood.
2) be made from sth.“由…制成”，强调看不见原材料
e.g. 纸由木头制成。Paper_________________wood.
3) be made in “在…制造”，强调制造地点。
e.g. 很多玩具产自中国。Many toys________________China.
4) be made into“被制成…”，后接成品。
e.g. 这些棉花和丝绸将会被制成衣服。
The cotton and silk__________________clothes.
5) be made by “由…制成”
e.g. 这个模型是我爸爸做的。The model__________________my father.
*be made up of 由…组成
The team is made up of forty-five boys.
【练练吧】
1. The machines were made__________the workers.
2. This kind of watch is made________Shanghai.
3. This kite is made________paper.
4. This kind of drink is made__________apple.
5. This kind of car is made__________this factory.
6. This piece of wood will be made_________a small bench.
7. The lifeboat_________plastics was sent to the people in danger.
A. is made of B. is made from C. made from D. made of
grass and leaves (P34)
2. grass
1) u.n.指各种草的总称
e.g. My father is cutting grass.
2) the grass草坪
【练练吧】
1.请勿践踏草坪。Please_________ _________the grass.
2.在草坪上 _____________
【2d】
Where is tea produced in China (P34)
1. 1) produce v.生产;制造;出产
2) producer n.生产者
3) product(s) n.(侧重具体)产品
4) production n.生产过程
【练练吧】请用produce的正确形式填空
1. I'm quite pleased that we have ____________ so much food.
2. We expect writers _____________ more and better works.
3. Where _________ the pen ___________
4. The factory has provided many new______________.
5. It's interesting to watch the _____________ of chocolates.
For example, Anxi and Hangzhou are widely known for their tea. (P34)
2. 1) wide adj.& adv.(县体行为)宽的；广阔地
2) widely adv.(抽象意义)广泛地；普遍地
be widely known被广泛知道；
be widely used 被广泛使用：
be widely spoken某种语言被广泛地说
【练练吧】请用wide的正确形式填空：
1.Gas is now ___________ used for cooking and heating
2.Rice is ___________ planted in South China.
3.Open your mouth ___________ when you pronounce this word.
For example, Anxi and Hangzhou are widely known for their tea.(P34)
3. 1) be known for
“因…而出名”=________________________
2)“作为…而出名”______________________
3)“被…所熟知”_______________________
4)“在某地出名”_______________________
【练练吧】请用for/as/ to/in填空
1. The actor is well-known __________ young people.
2. Shakespeare is known __________ a great English writer.
3. The food is well-known __________ China.
4. China is known __________ the Great Wall.
4. process
1) v.加工，处理
e.g. Iphone 7处理数据的速度真快啊！
How fast does iphone 7___________the data!
2) n.工序；过程
e.g.制作一辆车需要很长的过程。
Making a car needs__________ _________ _________.
位于解放碑的重庆塔正在建设中。
Chongqing Tower in Jiefangbei is_________ _________ _________of being built.
【3a】
The difficult search for American products in the US (P35)
1. search
1) n.搜寻；搜查…
e.g.在冰箱里找了很久的食物，他终于发现了一片面包。
After a long_________ ___________food in the fridge, he finally found a piece of bread.
2) vt &vi.搜寻；搜查…
作vt. search A A是要搜寻的地方
作vi. search for B B是要寻找的人或物
search A for B 为找到B而去搜寻A
e.g. 1). 他常常在网上搜寻有趣的小说。
He often__________the Web__________interesting novels.
2). 警察正在搜寻罪犯身上的毒品。
The policeman is___________the criminal's body________drugs.
【练练吧】用search或者search for填空
1. 美国警方正在搜寻失踪女士章莹颖。
American police are__________________the missing woman Zhang Yingying
2. 美国警方已经搜寻了整个伊利诺伊州。
American police have____________the whole Illinois.
3. 为了找到我的卷子，我把整个教室都找遍了。
In order to________my paper, I have____________every comer of the classroom.
Would you buy a camera in Japan, some beautiful clothes in France, or a watch in Switzerland (P35)
2. 1) France n.法国
e.g你去过法国吗？Have you been to_________
2) French adj./n.
e.g法国土司_________toast说法语
3) 法国人(单数)___________ 法国人(复数)___________
4) 其它关于国籍的单词：
德国____________ 德国人____________ (复数)____________
英格兰_____________ 英国人____________ (复数)____________
日本____________ 日本人____________ (复数)____________
【练练吧】用单词的正确形式填空
1. I met two______________(France) yesterday.
2. Nowadays more and more____________(Japan) learn_____________(China).
3. _____________(German) are very serious about their work.
4. In Korea, we can see many beautiful____________girl. And_________are always nice to visitors.
5.他是法国人。
He________ __________ .=He is_________ __________.=He________ ________ _________.
No matter what you may buy, you might think those products were made in those countries. (P35)
3. 1) no matter what “无论什么”，引导让步状语从句，相当于whatever。
无论你说什么，我都不会赞同你。
________________you say, I can not agree with you.
2) 与no matter what用法类似的还有：
no matter who=无论谁
no matter when=无论什么时候
no matter where =无论在哪儿
no matter how=无论怎样的
3) 请对比：
Whatever I do is good for you. ___________从句
Whatever I say, he always disagrees. ___________从句
=__________ __________ __________I say, he always disagrees.
We will do whatever we can do to save him. ________从句
【练练吧】
1. _______wins the competition may give us a surprise.
A. Whoever B. Whatever C. Wherever D. However
2. You can change your mind_______you want to.
A. whatever B. no matter when C. however D. no matter what
3. Everyone needs to have time to achieve their dreams________busy they are.
A. whenever B. wherever C. whatever D. however
4. I won't believe________you said.
A. whatever B. no matter what C. whenever D. however
He found it interesting that so many products in local shops were made in China.(P35)
4. 1) find it adj.+that...“发现…是怎么样的”
我们发现学校附近有很多家超市，真方便。
We find________very convenient there are many supermarkets around the school.
我发现我也能把这件事做好，太棒了。
I find_________wonderful_________________________________.
2) find it adj.to do sth “发现做某事怎样”
我发现动手制作模型飞机很有趣。
I find________interesting to make a model plane by hand.
=I find that_________interesting to make a model plane by hand.
她发现坐地铁去解放碑很方便。
She found________convenient to go to Jiefangbei by underground.
=She found that_______ ________convenient______ ______ ______Jiefangbei by underground.
3) find sb.sth. 发现某人是……
我们发现他是一个好孩子。We find_______a good boy.
4) find sb./sth.+adj.发现某人/某物……
她发现这个房间很脏。She found the room__________.
老师发现她很不仔细。The teacher found_________ __________.
5) find sb.doing 发现某人做某事
I found her___________(cheat) in the test.
【练练吧】请合并以下句子
1. I find that everyone in my class likes the star. It's so strange.
_________________________________________________________________
2. Dale finds that it never rains in summer here. It's terrible.
_________________________________________________________________
He realized that Americans can hardly avoid buying products made in China.(P35)
5. avoid v.避免，回避
1) avoid sth./sb. 回避某事/某人
没人能回避自己的责任。No one can avoid his own responsibility.
2) avoid doing sth. 逃避做某事
他逃避回答我的问题。He__________ __________my questions.
Kang Jian thinks it's great that China is so good at making these everyday things.(P35)
6. everyday/every day的区别
everyday _________（词性）每天的 做_________语 everyday homework
every day _________（词性）每天 做_________语 read English every day
【练练吧】用everyday/every day填空
1. It's necessary to go to school_____________to learn__________English.
2. He picks tea leaves___________. It's an___________thing for him.
3. In my____________life, I always get up early to enjoy a nice morning.
Grammar 语法
【被动语态一】
一. 语态概述
英语的语态是通过动词形式的变化表现出来的。英语中有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。
1) 主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。
Many people speak Chinese. (speak的动作是由主语 many people来执行的)
2) 被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者，即行为动作的对象。
Chinese is spoken by many people. (主语Chinese是动词speak的承受者)
二. 被动语态的构成
英语动词的被动语态由：be+done
其中：1. be必须与主语的人称、数保持一致。
2. 被动语态的时态也是通过be的变化表示的。
初中阶段主要掌握以下四种：
(1) 一般现在时的被动语态：am/is/are+过去分词
(2) 一般过去时的被动语态：was/were+过去分词
(3) 一般将来时的被动语态：will be+过去分词；am /is/ are going to be+过去分词
(4) 含有情态动词的被动语态：情态动词+be+过去分词
【练练吧】
1. Trees______________(plant) every year.
2. The bottle______________(fill) with water by the little boy last night.
3. The tea_______________(pick) next month.
4. The work must________________(finish) in a week.
三. 被动语态的用法：
1.不知道或没有必要说明动作的执行者是谁。
Some new computers______________(steal) last night.
一些新电脑在昨晚被盗了。（不知道电脑是谁偷的）
This bridge______________(build) in1981.
这座桥竣工于1981年。（不知道桥是谁修的）
2. 强调动作的承受者，而不强调动作的执行者。
The glass________________(break) by Mike just now.玻璃是克打破的。
This book________________(write) by him.这本书是他写的。
Your homework must______________(do) on time.你们的家庭作业必须按时做。
四. 主动语态变被动语态的方法
1.把主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语。
2.把谓语变成被动结构 (be+过去分词) (根据被动语态句子里的主语的人称和数，以及原来主动语态句子中动词的时态来决定be的形式）。
3.把主动语态中的主语放在介词by之后作宾语，将主格改为宾格。
【练练吧】
1. 主动：All the people laughed at him.
被动：He________ _________ _________by all people.
2. 主动：They make the bikes in the factory.
被动：The bikes_________ ___________by them in the factory.
3. 主动：He cut down a tree.
被动：A tree_________ ___________down by him.
4. 主动：He will finish his homework in five minutes.
被动：His homework________ __________ _________by him in five minutes.
5. 主动：Tom is going to repair his bike.
被动：Tom's bike_______ ________ ________ ________ __________by him.
五. 含有情态动词的被动语态
含有情态动词的主动句变成被动句时，由“情态动词+be+过去分词”构成。
【练练吧】
1. 主动：We can repair this watch in two days.
被动：This watch________ ________ __________in two days.
2. 主动：They should do it at once.
被动：It_________ ________ ________at once.
6. 被动语态的句型的一般疑问句和特殊疑问句。
一般疑问句：1.将be动词或者情态动词提前至句首
2.需要变换人称的时候，be动词根据人称变化而改变
3.回答的时候，动词对应疑问句中的be动词和情态动词
【练练吧】
1. The book is written by Jane. (改为一般疑问句)
___________________________________________________________
回答：Yes,__________ / No,____________
2. The cake was made by him. (改为一般疑问句)
___________________________________________________________
回答：Yes,__________ / No,____________
3. Tom can be chosen to take part in the competition. (改为一般疑问句)
___________________________________________________________
回答：Yes,__________ /No,____________
1. 特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+一般疑问句
The telephone was invented by Bill in 1876.
a. 对the telephone 提问_______________________________
b. 对Bill提问_______________________________________
c. 对in 1876提问____________________________________
The international kite festival will be held on April 25.
a. 对The international kite festival提问：_____________________________
b. 对on April 25提问：__________________________________
七. 被动语态中要注意的问题。
1.带有双宾语的被动结构在句中的使用。
give,buy,sell,take,bring,make,hand,pass,keep,send等带双宾语的动词变被动语态，当用直接宾语作主语时，要在间接宾语前补上介词 to或for.
e.g. Her parents bought her a new mobile phone yesterday.
She was bought a new mobile phone yesterday.
A new mobile phone was bought for her yesterday.
e.g. She will write a long letter to Smith.
A long letter will be written to Smith.
Smith will be written a long letter.
请大家想一想带 to和for的双宾结构分别有哪些？
【练练吧】
1. We can send Peter our information by e-mail. (同义句转换)
Peter________ _________ ________our information by e-mail.
Our information________ _________ _________ __________Peter by e-mail.
2. She made me a cake yesterday. (同义句转换)
I_________ _________a cake by her yesterday.
A cake_________ _________ _________me yesterday.
2. 一些使役动词 (let, have, make等) 或感观动词 (see, hear, watch, notice等) 在主动语态中后面接的动词不定式不带to，但改为被动语态时，要加上to。
e.g. The boss makes the workers work 18 hours a day.
The workers are made to work 18 hours a day by the boss.
e.g. I saw him enter the house.
He was seen to enter the house by me.
注意：当使用see/hear/watch sb doing sth时，变为被动语态时，doing保持不变。如：
e.g. I saw him going into the shop. (主动)
He was seen going into the shop. (被动)
【练练吧】
1. I often hear him play the piano the next room.
He is often_________ _________ _________the piano in the next room.
2. The teacher made me hand in the work after class.
I was_________ _________ _________in the work after class.
3. I noticed him reading a novel at class.
He_________ _________ _________ reading a novel at class.
3. 当原来的谓语动词是不及物动词+介词构成的谓语时，变被动语态的时候，介词不能省。
e.g. They set up the factory in 2000.
=The factory was set up in 2000.
Our school will put off the School Sports meeting until December.
=The School Sports meeting will be put off until December.
People have talked about the accident.
=The accident has been talked about.
【练练吧】
1. We must speak to the old politely.=The old must________ _________ __________politely.
2. She took good care of the baby.=The baby was_________ ________ _________ ______.
4. 有些动词以其主动形式表示被动意义
1) 特别是当主语是物时，常见的动词有sell, write, wear, wash, open, lock, cook, read, act等(特别是后加上副词well, easily等)。
e.g. This kind of radio________ _________well. 这种收音机不太畅销。
The shop__________at eight o'clock. 这个商店八点开门。
These plays_________wonderfully. 这些剧演得好。
2) 感官动词feel, sound, taste, smell, look+ adj.
e.g. The soup_________ ___________. 这种汤尝起来很美味。
3) 在动词need, want, be worth 等后+doing
e.g. The house needs___________/_________ __________ __________(repair).
5.不能用被动语态的几种情况
1) 所有的不及物动词或不及物动词词组，如happen, take place, end, come true, run out
e.g. Something terrible happened last night.
2) 表示状态的谓语动词，如：last, fit, join, mean, look like等。
e.g.The dress fits you well.The cloud looks like a dog.
3) 表示归属的动词，如have,belong to等。 e.g. Taiwan belongs to China.
4) 表示“希望、意图”的动词，如：wish, want, hope等。e.g. John hopes to meet you.
5) 宾语是反身代词或相互代词时谓语动词用主动语态
e.g. You should help each other.
We enjoyed ourselves in the sunshine.
6. 英语中常用到的被动语态的句型：
1) 据说… It's said that+句子
据说今年我们学校考得不错。
________ _________that our school did quite well in the examinations this year.
2) 据报道说… _________ ___________that...
3) 众所周之… _________ ____________that..
4) 人们相信… _________ ____________that
5) 人们认为… _________ ____________that
【练练吧】被动语态综合练习
一. 单项选择
1. English_______in Canada.
A. speaks B. are spoken C. is speaking D. is spoken
2. Waste paper shouldn't________everywhere. It's our duty to keep our city clean.
A. be thrown B. throw C. is thrown D. are thrown
3. New computers________all over the world.
A. is used B. are using C. are used D. have used
4. The story books________by the writer in the1960s.
A. are written B. were written C. are writing D. were writing
5. Old people must________.
A. look after well B. be looked well after
C. looked well after D. be looked after well
6. More and more trees________next year, so our city will be cleaner and cleaner.
A. will plant B. plant C. planted D. will be planted
7. Students do less homework now. Usually it________before 9 o'clock in the evening.
A. finishes B. finished C. is finished D. was finished
二.句型转换
My shirts are made of cotton.
一般疑问句：_________your shits made of cotton
Yes, they_______. / No, they________.
特殊疑问句：_________ _________your shirt made of
否定句：My shirts__________made of cotton.
三. 翻译句子：
1.你的裙子是丝的吗
_________your dress_________ _________silk？
是的，而且它产于中国。
Yes, _________ ________. And it________ ________ _________China.
2. 飞机模型是由什么制成
_________the model plane________of
3. 它是由旧木头和玻璃制成。
It's made of________ _________and _________.
4. 茶产自中国哪里？
_________ _________tea_________in China
5. 茶是如何制成的 ________is tea________
6.茶树种植在山坡上。当茶叶长成后，它们被手工采摘下来，然后送去加工。
Tea plants_______ _________on the sides of the mountains. When the leaves are ready, they_________
by hand and then________ _________for processing.
四. 请将下列句子变成被动语态：
1. We use computers to search information.
________________________________________________________
2. The teacher often repeats the story.
________________________________________________________
3. They don't allow fishing here.
________________________________________________________
4. Bill is going to look after the cat for his aunt carefully.
________________________________________________________
5. We don't often speak English at home.
________________________________________________________
五. 用括号内单词的适当形式填空。
1.Nearly everybody here______(know) when the old museum_______(build).
2. The building can____________(see) from every part of the city.
3. They are often heard_____________(sing) this song.
4. The students__________often__________(tell) to take care of their desks and chairs.
5. Now he__________(be) asked if the meeting_____________(hold) next Friday.
6. Vegetables, eggs and fruits__________(sell) well in this shop.
7. The song__________(like) by us all twenty years ago.
8. Mr. Green's story was so funny that everyone was made_____________(laugh).
9. Last week, when I_____________(ask) about English culture, I couldn't answer it well.
10. What language_______________(speak) in your country
11. The film______________(show) again sometime next week.
12. If anything___________(happen) to him, let me know.
13. ________the pair of new shoes_________(suit) you
14. A warm welcome______________(give) the foreign guests by the villagers.
15. These trees should_____________(water) after they_____________(plant).
16. After that, one of the lights_____________(turn off) and the rat had to wait for a short time.
17. When__________the People's Republic of China__________(found)
18. Keys are used___________(open) the doors.
19. Dr. Bethune___________________(remember) by the Chinese people forever.
20. A tape-recorder ______often____________(use) in our English class.
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Unit 5 What are the shirts made of
Section A
重点单词
1.n.筷子 chopstick 2.n.硬币 coin
3.n.餐叉;叉子 fork 4.n.(女式)短上衣;衬衫 blouse
5.n.银;银器 adj.银色的 silver 6.n.玻璃 glass
7.n.棉;棉花 cotton 8.n.钢;钢铁 steel
9.n.展览会;交易会 fair 10. adj.自然环境的;有关环境的 environmental
11.n.草;草地 grass 12.n.叶;叶子 leaf
13.v.生产;制造;出产 produce 14. adv.广泛地;普遍地 widely
15.v.加工;处理n.过程 process 16.v.包装;装箱 pack
17.n.产品;制品 product 18.法国 France
19. adj.当地的;本地的 local 20.n.品牌;牌子 brand
21.v.避免;回避 avoid 22.n.小手提包 handbag
23. adj.可移动的;非固定的 mobile 24. adj.每天的;日常的 everyday
25.n.老板;上司 boss 26.德国 Germany
27.n.表面;表层 surface 28.n.材料;原料 material
29.n.交通;路上行驶的车辆 traffic 30.n.邮递员 postman
31.n.(尤指有帽舌的)帽子 cap 32.n.(分手指的)手套 glove
词性转换
1. n.叶;叶子 leaf →(复数) leaves
2. v.生产;制造;出产 produce →n.产品;制品_______product__________
3.n.环境 environment →adj.有关环境的;自然环境的 environmental
4.法国 France →adj.法国的;法语的n.法语 French →n.法国人 French
5. adj.宽的;宽阔的 wide →adv.广泛地;普遍地 widely
6.v.保护 protect →n.保护 protection
7.德国 Germany →adj.德国的;德语的;德国人的 German n.德语;德国人 German
重点短语
1.以……闻名;为人知晓 be famous for 2.由……制成 be made of/into
3.在……(地方/时间)制造 be made in 4.据我所知 as far as I know
5.用手(做);靠人工 by hand 6.对……有益 be good for
7.全世界 all over the world 8.在过去 in the past
9.不论;无论 no matter 10.在当地的商店里 in the local shops
11.事实上;实际上 in fact 12.擅长于 be good at
13.日常用品 everyday things 14.在将来 in the future
15.一双 a pair of 16.在世界各地 all parts of the world
17.交通事故 traffic accident 18.被允许做某事 be allowed to do sth
Section A核心知识点精讲
【1a-2c】
Is it made of silver (P33)
1. be made of/ from/in/into/by
1) be made of sth.“由…制成”，强调看得见原材料
e.g. 这张桌子由木头制成。The desk is made of____wood.
2) be made from sth.“由…制成”，强调看不见原材料
e.g. 纸由木头制成。Paper_ is_made from____wood.
3) be made in “在…制造”，强调制造地点。
e.g. 很多玩具产自中国。Many toys__are made in____China.
4) be made into“被制成…”，后接成品。
e.g. 这些棉花和丝绸将会被制成衣服。
The cotton and silk__will be made into_____clothes.
5) be made by “由…制成”
e.g. 这个模型是我爸爸做的。The model____is made by_____my father.
*be made up of 由…组成
The team is made up of forty-five boys.
【练练吧】
1. The machines were made_____by_____the workers.
2. This kind of watch is made___in_____Shanghai.
3. This kite is made___of_____paper.
4. This kind of drink is made____from_____apple.
5. This kind of car is made____in______this factory.
6. This piece of wood will be made____into_____a small bench.
7. The lifeboat____A_____plastics was sent to the people in danger.
A. is made of B. is made from C. made from D. made of
grass and leaves (P34)
2. grass
1) u.n.指各种草的总称
e.g. My father is cutting grass.
2) the grass草坪
【练练吧】
1.请勿践踏草坪。Please__keep _ ____off_____the grass.
2.在草坪上 __on the grass_______
【2d】
Where is tea produced in China (P34)
1. 1) produce v.生产;制造;出产
2) producer n.生产者
3) product(s) n.(侧重具体)产品
4) production n.生产过程
【练练吧】请用produce的正确形式填空
1. I'm quite pleased that we have ____produced____ so much food.
2. We expect writers _ to_produce____ more and better works.
3. Where ___is______ the pen ____produced_____
4. The factory has provided many new______products________.
5. It's interesting to watch the ______production_______ of chocolates.
For example, Anxi and Hangzhou are widely known for their tea. (P34)
2. 1) wide adj.& adv.(县体行为)宽的；广阔地
2) widely adv.(抽象意义)广泛地；普遍地
be widely known被广泛知道；
be widely used 被广泛使用：
be widely spoken某种语言被广泛地说
【练练吧】请用wide的正确形式填空：
1.Gas is now __ widely______ used for cooking and heating
2.Rice is ____widely_____ planted in South China.
3.Open your mouth ____widely____ when you pronounce this word.
For example, Anxi and Hangzhou are widely known for their tea.(P34)
3. 1) be known for
“因…而出名”=_ _be famous for_____
2)“作为…而出名”_____be known as______
3)“被…所熟知”_____be well-known to______
4)“在某地出名”_______be well-known in______
【练练吧】请用for/as/ to/in填空
1. The actor is well-known ___to_______ young people.
2. Shakespeare is known ____as_____ a great English writer.
3. The food is well-known _____in_____ China.
4. China is known ___for_____ the Great Wall.
4. process
1) v.加工，处理
e.g. Iphone 7处理数据的速度真快啊！
How fast does iphone 7___processes____the data!
2) n.工序；过程
e.g.制作一辆车需要很长的过程。
Making a car needs___a___ ___long____ ___process____.
位于解放碑的重庆塔正在建设中。
Chongqing Tower in Jiefangbei is_in___ _the __ ___process___of being built.
【3a】
The difficult search for American products in the US (P35)
1. search
1) n.搜寻；搜查…
e.g.在冰箱里找了很久的食物，他终于发现了一片面包。
After a long___search____ _____for______food in the fridge, he finally found a piece of bread.
2) vt &vi.搜寻；搜查…
作vt. search A A是要搜寻的地方
作vi. search for B B是要寻找的人或物
search A for B 为找到B而去搜寻A
e.g. 1). 他常常在网上搜寻有趣的小说。
He often_____searches____the Web_____for_____interesting novels.
2). 警察正在搜寻罪犯身上的毒品。
The policeman is_____searching______the criminal's body_____for___drugs.
【练练吧】用search或者search for填空
1. 美国警方正在搜寻失踪女士章莹颖。
American police are__searching for___the missing woman Zhang Yingying
2. 美国警方已经搜寻了整个伊利诺伊州。
American police have___searched_____the whole Illinois.
3. 为了找到我的卷子，我把整个教室都找遍了。
In order to___find_____my paper, I have____searched___every comer of the classroom.
Would you buy a camera in Japan, some beautiful clothes in France, or a watch in Switzerland (P35)
2. 1) France n.法国
e.g你去过法国吗？Have you been to___France______
2) French adj./n.
e.g法国土司_____French____toast说法语 speak French
3) 法国人(单数)___Frenchman________ 法国人(复数)___Frenchmen________
4) 其它关于国籍的单词：
德国____Germany________德国人__German___(复数)__Germans_____
英格兰___England___ 英国人____Englishman______(复数) Englishmen_____
日本______Japan______ 日本人___Japanese_____(复数)_____Japanese_____
【练练吧】用单词的正确形式填空
1. I met two____Frenchmen__________(France) yesterday.
2. Nowadays more and more___Japanese____(Japan) learn___Chinese___(China).
3. __ Germans_______(German) are very serious about their work.
4. In Korea, we can see many beautiful____Korean __girl. And___Korean___are always nice to visitors.
5.他是法国人。
He____is____ ___French__ .=He is_____a___ _Frenchman___.=He_______ ________.
No matter what you may buy, you might think those products were made in those countries. (P35)
3. 1) no matter what “无论什么”，引导让步状语从句，相当于whatever。
无论你说什么，我都不会赞同你。
_______No matter what_________you say, I can not agree with you.
2) 与no matter what用法类似的还有：
no matter who=无论谁
no matter when=无论什么时候
no matter where =无论在哪儿
no matter how=无论怎样的
3) 请对比：
Whatever I do is good for you. ____名词性_______从句
Whatever I say, he always disagrees. ___让步状语________从句
=_____No_____ ____matter_____ ___what____I say, he always disagrees.
We will do whatever we can do to save him. ___宾语_____从句
【练练吧】
1. ____A___wins the competition may give us a surprise.
A. Whoever B. Whatever C. Wherever D. However
2. You can change your mind_______you want to.
A. whatever B. no matter when C. however D. no matter what
3. Everyone needs to have time to achieve their dreams____C____busy they are.
A. whenever B. wherever C. whatever D. however
4. I won't believe________you said.
A. whatever B. no matter what C. whenever D. however
He found it interesting that so many products in local shops were made in China.(P35)
4. 1) find it adj.+that...“发现…是怎么样的”
我们发现学校附近有很多家超市，真方便。
We find____it____very convenient there are many supermarkets around the school.
我发现我也能把这件事做好，太棒了。
I find____it_____wonderful_____that I can do this well________.
2) find it adj.to do sth “发现做某事怎样”
我发现动手制作模型飞机很有趣。
I find____it____interesting to make a model plane by hand.
=I find that__it is___interesting to make a model plane by hand.
她发现坐地铁去解放碑很方便。
She found___it_____convenient to go to Jiefangbei by underground.
=She found that___it_ __is__convenient__to_ __go_ __to___Jiefangbei by underground.
3) find sb.sth. 发现某人是……
我们发现他是一个好孩子。We find___him____a good boy.
4) find sb./sth.+adj.发现某人/某物……
她发现这个房间很脏。She found the room___dirty_____.
老师发现她很不仔细。The teacher found___her______ ___careful_______.
5) find sb.doing 发现某人做某事
I found her____cheating_______(cheat) in the test.
【练练吧】请合并以下句子
1. I find that everyone in my class likes the star. It's so strange.
__I find it strange that everyone in my class likes the star_____
2. Dale finds that it never rains in summer here. It's terrible.
____Dale finds it terrible that it never rains in summer here.________
He realized that Americans can hardly avoid buying products made in China.(P35)
5. avoid v.避免，回避
1) avoid sth./sb. 回避某事/某人
没人能回避自己的责任。No one can avoid his own responsibility.
2) avoid doing sth. 逃避做某事
他逃避回答我的问题。He_____avoided_____ _answering_________my questions.
Kang Jian thinks it's great that China is so good at making these everyday things.(P35)
6. everyday/every day的区别
everyday ______形容词___（词性）每天的 做____定___语 everyday homework
every day _____副词____（词性）每天 做__状__语 read English every day
【练练吧】用everyday/every day填空
1. It's necessary to go to school__every day___to learn____everyday______English.
2. He picks tea leaves___every day____. It's an____everyday_______thing for him.
3. In my____everyday_____life, I always get up early to enjoy a nice morning.
Grammar 语法
【被动语态一】
一. 语态概述
英语的语态是通过动词形式的变化表现出来的。英语中有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。
1) 主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。
Many people speak Chinese. (speak的动作是由主语 many people来执行的)
2) 被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者，即行为动作的对象。
Chinese is spoken by many people. (主语Chinese是动词speak的承受者)
二. 被动语态的构成
英语动词的被动语态由：be+done
其中：1. be必须与主语的人称、数保持一致。
2. 被动语态的时态也是通过be的变化表示的。
初中阶段主要掌握以下四种：
(1) 一般现在时的被动语态：am/is/are+过去分词
(2) 一般过去时的被动语态：was/were+过去分词
(3) 一般将来时的被动语态：will be+过去分词；am /is/ are going to be+过去分词
(4) 含有情态动词的被动语态：情态动词+be+过去分词
【练练吧】
1. Trees____are planted__(plant) every year.
2. The bottle____was filled__(fill) with water by the little boy last night.
3. The tea___will be picked____(pick) next month.
4. The work must__be finished___(finish) in a week.
三. 被动语态的用法：
1.不知道或没有必要说明动作的执行者是谁。
Some new computers____were stolen___(steal) last night.
一些新电脑在昨晚被盗了。（不知道电脑是谁偷的）
This bridge___was built___(build) in1981.
这座桥竣工于1981年。（不知道桥是谁修的）
2. 强调动作的承受者，而不强调动作的执行者。
The glass___was broken_____(break) by Mike just now.玻璃是克打破的。
This book____was written_(write) by him.这本书是他写的。
Your homework must__be done___(do) on time.你们的家庭作业必须按时做。
四. 主动语态变被动语态的方法
1.把主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语。
2.把谓语变成被动结构 (be+过去分词) (根据被动语态句子里的主语的人称和数，以及原来主动语态句子中动词的时态来决定be的形式）。
3.把主动语态中的主语放在介词by之后作宾语，将主格改为宾格。
【练练吧】
1. 主动：All the people laughed at him.
被动：He_____was___ ___laughed____ __at____by all people.
2. 主动：They make the bikes in the factory.
被动：The bikes____were_ ___made____by them in the factory.
3. 主动：He cut down a tree.
被动：A tree was cut___down by him.
4. 主动：He will finish his homework in five minutes.
被动：His homework___will__ __be__ __finished__by him in five minutes.
5. 主动：Tom is going to repair his bike.
被动：Tom's bike__is_ ___going_ __to_ __be__ __repaired___by him.
五. 含有情态动词的被动语态
含有情态动词的主动句变成被动句时，由“情态动词+be+过去分词”构成。
【练练吧】
1. 主动：We can repair this watch in two days.
被动：This watch___can_____ ____be____ ______repaired____in two days.
2. 主动：They should do it at once.
被动：It_should__ __be_ __done__at once.
6. 被动语态的句型的一般疑问句和特殊疑问句。
一般疑问句：1.将be动词或者情态动词提前至句首
2.需要变换人称的时候，be动词根据人称变化而改变
3.回答的时候，动词对应疑问句中的be动词和情态动词
【练练吧】
1. The book is written by Jane. (改为一般疑问句)
____Is the book written by Jane？______
回答：Yes,__it is __ / No,___it isn't_____
2. The cake was made by him. (改为一般疑问句)
___Was the cake made by him？_______
回答：Yes,__it is___ / No,__it isn't____
3. Tom can be chosen to take part in the competition. (改为一般疑问句)
_______Can Tom be chosen to take part in competition ____
回答：Yes,__he can___ /No,__he can't__
1. 特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+一般疑问句
The telephone was invented by Bill in 1876.
a. 对the telephone 提问___What was invented by Bill in 1876 ______
b. 对Bill提问____Who was the telephone invented by _____
c. 对in 1876提问__When was the telephone invented by Bill _
The international kite festival will be held on April 25.
a. 对The international kite festival提问：___What will be held on April 25 __
b. 对on April 25提问：___When the international kite festival will be held __
七. 被动语态中要注意的问题。
1.带有双宾语的被动结构在句中的使用。
give,buy,sell,take,bring,make,hand,pass,keep,send等带双宾语的动词变被动语态，当用直接宾语作主语时，要在间接宾语前补上介词 to或for.
e.g. Her parents bought her a new mobile phone yesterday.
She was bought a new mobile phone yesterday.
A new mobile phone was bought for her yesterday.
e.g. She will write a long letter to Smith.
A long letter will be written to Smith.
Smith will be written a long letter.
请大家想一想带 to和for的双宾结构分别有哪些？
【练练吧】
1. We can send Peter our information by e-mail. (同义句转换)
Peter_____will___ __be___ ___sent_____our information by e-mail.
Our information____will____ __be ____ ___sent__ ____to__Peter by e-mail.
2. She made me a cake yesterday. (同义句转换)
I_____was____ _____made____a cake by her yesterday.
A cake_____was____ __made___ __for___me yesterday.
2. 一些使役动词 (let, have, make等) 或感观动词 (see, hear, watch, notice等) 在主动语态中后面接的动词不定式不带to，但改为被动语态时，要加上to。
e.g. The boss makes the workers work 18 hours a day.
The workers are made to work 18 hours a day by the boss.
e.g. I saw him enter the house.
He was seen to enter the house by me.
注意：当使用see/hear/watch sb doing sth时，变为被动语态时，doing保持不变。如：
e.g. I saw him going into the shop. (主动)
He was seen going into the shop. (被动)
【练练吧】
1. I often hear him play the piano the next room.
He is often_heard___ _to___ __play___the piano in the next room.
2. The teacher made me hand in the work after class.
I was___made_ ___to__ ___hand___in the work after class.
3. I noticed him reading a novel at class.
He____was_ __noticed___ ___to___ reading a novel at class.
3. 当原来的谓语动词是不及物动词+介词构成的谓语时，变被动语态的时候，介词不能省。
e.g. They set up the factory in 2000.
=The factory was set up in 2000.
Our school will put off the School Sports meeting until December.
=The School Sports meeting will be put off until December.
People have talked about the accident.
=The accident has been talked about.
【练练吧】
1. We must speak to the old politely.
=The old must____be_ ____spoken__ ____to___politely.
2. She took good care of the baby.=The baby was___taken__ good_ __care_ _of_.
4. 有些动词以其主动形式表示被动意义
1) 特别是当主语是物时，常见的动词有sell, write, wear, wash, open, lock, cook, read, act等(特别是后加上副词well, easily等)。
e.g. This kind of radio___doesn't___ _sell__well. 这种收音机不太畅销。
The shop____opens__at eight o'clock. 这个商店八点开门。
These plays____acts_wonderfully. 这些剧演得好。
2) 感官动词feel, sound, taste, smell, look+ adj.
e.g. The soup__tastes____ _____good______. 这种汤尝起来很美味。
3) 在动词need, want, be worth 等后+doing
e.g. The house needs____repairing/______is ___ __worth__ _repairing___(repair)
5.不能用被动语态的几种情况
1) 所有的不及物动词或不及物动词词组，如happen, take place, end, come true, run out
e.g. Something terrible happened last night.
2) 表示状态的谓语动词，如：last, fit, join, mean, look like等。
e.g.The dress fits you well.The cloud looks like a dog.
3) 表示归属的动词，如have,belong to等。 e.g. Taiwan belongs to China.
4) 表示“希望、意图”的动词，如：wish, want, hope等。e.g. John hopes to meet you.
5) 宾语是反身代词或相互代词时谓语动词用主动语态
e.g. You should help each other.
We enjoyed ourselves in the sunshine.
6. 英语中常用到的被动语态的句型：
1) 据说… It's said that+句子
据说今年我们学校考得不错。
___It's_ _said_____that our school did quite well in the examinations this year.
2) 据报道说… _It's__ __reported__that...
3) 众所周之… __It's___ __known___that..
4) 人们相信… ___People_ ___believes__that
5) 人们认为… __People____ __thinks___that
【练练吧】被动语态综合练习
一. 单项选择
1. English_____D__in Canada.
A. speaks B. are spoken C. is speaking D. is spoken
2. Waste paper shouldn't___A_____everywhere. It's our duty to keep our city clean.
A. be thrown B. throw C. is thrown D. are thrown
3. New computers_____C___all over the world.
A. is used B. are using C. are used D. have used
4. The story books__A______by the writer in the1960s.
A. are written B. were written C. are writing D. were writing
5. Old people must____D____.
A. look after well B. be looked well after
C. looked well after D. be looked after well
6. More and more trees__ D______next year, so our city will be cleaner and cleaner.
A. will plant B. plant C. planted D. will be planted
7. Students do less homework now. Usually it____C__before 9 o'clock in the evening.
A. finishes B. finished C. is finished D. was finished
二.句型转换
My shirts are made of cotton.
一般疑问句：__Are__your shits made of cotton
Yes, they____are___. / No, they___aren't_____.
特殊疑问句：___What__ __is___your shirt made of
否定句：My shirts_are__made of cotton.
三. 翻译句子：
1.你的裙子是丝的吗
____Is_your dress__made____ __of__silk？
是的，而且它产于中国。
Yes, ___it___ _____is___. And it___is__ _made____ __in___China.
2. 飞机模型是由什么制成
__What's___the model plane___made_of
3. 它是由旧木头和玻璃制成。
It's made of____old__ __wood___and __glass___.
4. 茶产自中国哪里？
__Where___ __is___tea_____produced____in China
5. 茶是如何制成的 ____How____is tea___produced_____
6.茶树种植在山坡上。当茶叶长成后，它们被手工采摘下来，然后送去加工。
Tea plants____are__ __planted___on the sides of the mountains. When the leaves are ready, they___are picked_____by hand and then___are___ __sent___for processing.
四. 请将下列句子变成被动语态：
1. We use computers to search information.
___The computers are used to search information____
2. The teacher often repeats the story.
______The story is often repeated by the teacher____
3. They don't allow fishing here.
___Fishing isn’t allowed here._____
4. Bill is going to look after the cat for his aunt carefully.
___The dog is going to be looked after carefully by Bill for his aunt . __
5. We don't often speak English at home.
_____English is often spoken by us at home.____
五. 用括号内单词的适当形式填空。
1.Nearly everybody here___knows___(know) when the old museum__was built_(build).
2. The building can__be seen__(see) from every part of the city.
3. They are often heard__singing_(sing) this song.
4. The students__are__often_told__(tell) to take care of their desks and chairs.
5. Now he___is __(be) asked if the meeting__will be held_(hold) next Friday.
6. Vegetables, eggs and fruits__are sold_(sell) well in this shop.
7. The song___was liked _(like) by us all twenty years ago.
8. Mr. Green's story was so funny that everyone was made__to laugh__(laugh).
9. Last week, when I___was asked_(ask) about English culture, I couldn't answer it well.
10. What language___is spoken_(speak) in your country
11. The film__will be shown_(show) again sometime next week.
12. If anything__happens_(happen) to him, let me know.
13. __Does__the pair of new shoes___suit__(suit) you
14. A warm welcome__was given to _(give) the foreign guests by the villagers.
15. These trees should___be watered_(water) after they__were planted_(plant).
16. After that, one of the lights___was turned off_(turn off) and the rat had to wait for a short time.
17. When__was_the People's Republic of China_founded__(found)
18. Keys are used_to open__(open) the doors.
19. Dr. Bethune____will be remembered_(remember) by the Chinese people forever.
20. A tape-recorder___is____ often____used__(use) in our English class.
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