2024届高考英语二轮复习：句子成分 课件（共27页PPT）

(共27张PPT)
句子成分
专题复习
I met my best friend Tom at the station yesterday.
↓
主语
↓
谓
语
↓
定语
↓
宾
语
↓
同位语
↓
状
语
1.一个完整的英语句子，至少由两部分组成:_______和________。
2.英语句子的成分可分为主语、谓语、宾语、_____、定语、状语、补语。
主语
谓语
宾语
表语
定语
状语
补语
谓语
主语
表语
主语
谓语
宾语
表语
定语
状语
主语是一个句子所叙述的主体,表示句子所说的是“什么人”或“什么事物”
1.Gina is from Australia.
2.She often goes to the movies.
3.Three is enough.
4.Doing the work is hard for him.
5.To see is to believe.
补语
-名词
-代词
-数词
-动名词
-不定式
主语
谓语
宾语
表语
定语
状语
补语
主语在哪里
2. The young should respect the old.
1. Tom didn't do his homework yesterday.
3. What he has said is true.
4. Seeing is believing.
句首
主语
谓语
宾语
表语
定语
状语
补语
表示主语所做的动作或具有的特征和状态,说明主语“做什么”或“怎么样”, 谓语通常是动词。
We love China.
He has a bad cold.
Jane loves China.
主谓要一致
主语
谓语
简单谓语
由一个动词或动词短语构成。
宾语
表语
定语
状语
补语
复合谓语
①由情态动词或其他助动词加动词构成。
复合谓语
②由系动词加表语构成。系动词不能单独作谓语，要和表语一起作谓语。
1.You may keep the book for two weeks.
2. He didn’t attend the meeting yesterday.
1.We are students.
2.Your idea sounds great.
情态动词： can may will could should …
助动词：
be+ doing
have/has done
do,does,did, don't , didn't
主语
谓语
宾语
表语
定语
状语
补语
1.You may keep the book for two weeks.
2. My sister is crying over there.
4. I would stay at home all day.
5. Has he come back
6. He managed to finish the work in time
挑出下列句中谓语
3. I have been waiting for you all the time.
主语
谓语
宾语
表语
定语
状语
补语
表示动作或行为的对象，说明主语“做什么”
Can I ask some questions
He is looking at the dog.
主语
谓语
宾语
表语
定语
状语
补语
宾语在哪里
I bought a computer last week.
A B C D
My brother hasn’t done his homework.
A B C D
宾语一般放在及物动词或介词后
主语
谓语
宾语
表语
定语
状语
补语
双宾语
He gave me some books.
Tom teaches us English.
直接宾语指物
间接宾语指人
He gave some books to me.
主语
谓语
宾语
表语
定语
状语
补语
挑出下列句中的宾语
① My brother hasn’t done his homework.
② People all over the world speak English.
③ How many new words did you learn last class
④ Some of the students in the school want to go swimming.
⑤ The old man sitting at the gate said he was ill.
主语
谓语
宾语
表语
定语
状语
补语
说明主语“是什么”、“怎么样”
位于系动词之后
Her mother is a teacher.
The food tastes delicious.
主语
谓语
宾语
表语
定语
状语
补语
常见的系动词有:
状态系动词
感官系动词
变化系动词
持续系动词
似乎类动词
结果类动词
表示主语变化，become, grow, turn, fall, get, go, come等
表示主语继续或保持一种状况或态度，主要有keep, remain, stay等
表示主语状态、身份等，主要有be
主要有feel, smell, sound, taste, look等
主要有seem, appear等
主要有turn out, prove等
主语
谓语
宾语
表语
定语
状语
补语
Every thing looks _________(beauty).
根据提示填空
The public place remain _______(close) after the outbreak of COVID-19.
Hearing the news he is __________(surprise).
beautiful
closed
surprised
主语
谓语
宾语
表语
定语
状语
补语
修饰名词或代词，定语起类似于形容词的修饰作用
She’s a good basketball player.
What’s your name
The girl with long hair is my sister.
主语
谓语
宾语
表语
定语
状语
补语
The man downstairs was trying to sleep.　　
A B C D
Some people forgot to sweep the floor.
A B C D
找出定语
The man who helps me is my math teacher.　　
A B C D
注意：形容词，代词，数词，名词，动名词等做定语时，通过常放在名词之前做定语；而介词短语、动词不定式短语、分词短语、从句等做定语则放在名词之后。叫后置定语。
主语
谓语
宾语
表语
定语
状语
补语
状语用来说明时间、地点、方式、原因、结果、条件、让步、程度、频率、伴随、目的、比较等的成分
The students followed Uncle Wang to see the other machines.
He sat there quietly.
主语
谓语
宾语
表语
定语
状语
补语
②This material is environmentally friendly.
③He runs very slowly.
④Unfortunately, he lost all of his money.
（修饰形容词）
（修饰副词）
（修饰整个句子）
①He writes carefully. He walks slowly.
（修饰动词)
主语
谓语
宾语
表语
定语
状语
补语
指出下列画线部分属于什么状语
1.How about meeting again at six
2.Mr. Smith lives on the third floor.
3.Last night she didn’t go to the dance party because of the rain.
4. She put the eggs into the basket with great care.
时间状语
地点状语
原因状语
方式状语
主语
谓语
宾语
表语
定语
状语
补语
指出下列画线部分属于什么状语
5.She came in with a dictionary in her hand.
6.In order to catch up with the others, I must work harder.
7.The boy needs a pen very much.
伴随状语
目的状语
程度状语
主语
谓语
宾语
表语
定语
状语
补语
用来补充说明主语、宾语等的情况
We elected him our monitor.
He asked her to take the boy out of school.
主语
谓语
宾语
表语
定语
状语
补语
I saw Mr. Wang get on the bus.
A B C D
They call me Lily sometimes.
　A B C D
找出补语
句子成分
主要
成分
次要
成分
主语
谓语
宾语
定语
状语
补语
名、代、数、to do、doing、the+adj. 、句子
v.
同主语
形，代，数，名, 介短，句子，所有格，to do/doing/done
副词，介词短语或句子
形容词，名词，介词短语等
n./adj./adv.
表语
1. The students got on the school bus.
2. He handed me the newspaper.
3. I shall answer your question after class.
4. What a beautiful Chinese painting!
5. They went hunting together early in the morning.
6. His job is to train swimmers.
7. He took many photos of the palaces in Beijing.
8. He is to leave for Shanghai tomorrow.
9. His wish is to become a scientist.
10. Do you have anything else to say
Homework：写出下列句子划线部分是什么句子成分
Key：
1.主语；定语
2.宾语
3.谓语；时间状语
4.定语
5.宾语；时间状语
6.定语；表语
7.宾语；地点状语
8.表语
9.主语；表语
10.宾语；宾语补足语