新概念英语第二册 Lesson 28 No parking 讲义

Lesson 28 No parking
Text 课文
First listen and then answer the question.
听录音，然后回答以下问题。
What is Jasper White's problem
Jasper White is one of those rare people who believes in ancient myths. He has just bought a new house in the city, but ever since he moved in, he has had trouble with cars and their owners. When he returns home at night, he always finds that someone has parked a car outside his gate. Because of this, he has not been able to get his own car into his garage even once. Jasper has put up 'No Parking' signs outside his gate, but these have not had any effect. Now he has put an ugly stone head over the gate. It is one of the ugliest faces I have ever seen. I asked him what it was and he told me that it was Medusa, the Gorgon. Jasper hopes that she will turn cars and their owners to stone. But none of them has been turned to stone yet!
New words 生词
rare[re ] a.罕见的
ancient ['ein nt] a.古代的，古老的
myth [miθ] n.神话故事
trouble ['tr b l] n.麻烦
effect [i'fekt] n.结果，效果
Medusa [mi'dju:z ] n.美杜莎(古希腊神话中3位蛇发女怪之一)
Gorgon ['g :g n] n.(古希腊神话中的)3位蛇发女怪之一(凡见其貌者都会变成石头)
Grammar focus 语法
1. Jasper White is one of those rare people who believes in ancient myths. 贾斯珀·怀特是少有的相信古代神话的人之一。
这是一个定语从句，从句部分who believes in ancient myths.起定语作用。修饰和限定前面主句中的one。由于one是单数，因此，从句中也是单数形式believes。of those rare people也是定语，同样，也是用来修饰one。
下文中还有一个定语从句：
It is one of the ugliest faces I have ever seen.
这是我见过的最丑陋的头像之一。
本句省略了关系代词that，句子I have ever seen.用来修饰前面的名词faces.
2. a.He has just bought a new house in the city, b.but ever since he moved in, c.he has had trouble with cars and their owners. 他刚在城里买下一所新房子，但自从他搬进去后，就和汽车及车主们发生了摩擦。
a句中的has just bought和c句中的has had都是现在完成时。现在完成时的结构是主语+have/has done+其他。现在完成时可以表示动作到现在为止已经完成或刚刚完成。如：
I have waited here for two hours.
我已经在这等了两个小时了。
现在完成时还可以表示，从过去开始持续到现在的动作或情况，并有可能会继续持续下去。如：
He has worked here for ten years.
他在这儿已经工作十年了。
c句中的have trouble with sb.表示同某人闹纠纷、产生摩擦等。如：
He often has trouble with his wife.
他经常和他的妻子闹矛盾。
而have trouble with sth.表示……有问题。如：
He has serious trouble with his lungs.
他的肺有很严重的问题。
3. When he returns home at night, he always finds that someone has parked a car outside his gate. 当他夜里回家时，总是发现有人把车停在他家大门外。
这是一个由when引导的时间状语从句，而主句he always finds that someone has parked a car outside his gate.又是一个宾语从句，句子someone has parked a car outside his gate. 作动词find的宾语。
4. Because of this, he has not been able to get his own car into his garage even once. 为此，他甚至一次也没能把自己的车开进车库。
because of this是原因状语。因为because of是介词短语，所以它的后面只能跟名词或者是代词。又如：
The ball game was postponed because of rain.
球赛因雨推迟了。
而because是连词，后面只能跟句子，构成原因状语从句。如：
He forgot to take his bag because he left hurriedly.
他走的十分匆忙，包都忘带了。
5. Jasper has put up 'No Parking' signs outside his gate, but these have not had any effect. 贾斯珀曾把几块“禁止停车”的牌子挂在大门外边，但没有任何效果。
put up在句中表示挂起、竖起。(第27课中我们讲解了含put的短语归纳)
effect表示效果、作用，常用作名词。如：
The medicine has no effect on me.
这种药物对我不起作用。
而side effect表示副作用。如：
Do you know if the sleeping pill has its side effect
你知道安眠药是否有副作用吗？
affect常用作动词，表示影响。如：
Whatever you say will not affect my decision.
不管你怎么说也不会影响我的决定。
6. I asked him what it was and he told me that it was Medusa, the Gorgon. 我问他那是什么，他告诉我那是蛇发女怪美杜莎。
这是一个由and连接的并列句。and的前面和后面的句子又分别是一个宾语从句。and后面的句子中the Gordon作Medusa的同位语。
7. Jasper hopes that she will turn cars and their owners to stone. 贾斯珀希望她把汽车和车主们都变成石头。
本句也是一个宾语从句，句子she will turn cars and their owners to stone.作动词hope的宾语。句中turn sth. to sth.把什么变成什么。如：
She used magic to turn the prince into a frog.
她使用魔法将王子变成了一只青蛙。
8. But none of them has been turned to stone yet! 但到目前为止还没有一个人变成石头。
has been turned是现在完成时的被动语态，其结构是主语+have/has been done+其他。如：
English has been studied for ten years by us.
英语已经被我们学了10年了。
将上面这句话改为主动结构是：
We have studied English for ten years.
我们已经学了10年英语了。
Exercises 练习
一. Answer these questions.
1. What does Jasper White believe in
Jasper White believes in ancient myths.
2. Where do car owners always park their cars Has he put up 'No Parking' signs or not Have they paid any attention to them or not (so…but)
Car owners always park their cars outside his gate, so he has to put up 'No Parking' signs but they have not paid any attention to them.
3. What has he put over his gate now
Now he has put an ugly stone head over his gate.
4. Whose head is it？
It is the head of Medusa, the Gorgon.
5. What does he want her to do Has she done so yet or not (but)
He wants her to turn cars and their owners to stone but she has not done so yet.
二. Rewrite these sentences using the correct verbs and joining words.
My wife (drives) (leads) a car. She has (driven) (ridden) a car for many years (and) (but) she says that women drivers (do not deserve) (are not worth) their bad reputation. Yet, on the road, she often (criticizes) (judges) other women drivers.
三. I am writing to someone who lives in the same country as I do. Which of these two headings would be correct
19 High Lane,
Newton,
Middlesex,
10th September, 19__
19 High Lane,
Newton,
Middlesex,
England.
10th September, 19__
答案：第一个信头是正确的，因为是给同住在英国的人写信，所以没必要写国名。
四. Give the correct form of the verbs in parentheses.
Jasper White is one of those rare people who believes in ancient myths. He has just bought(buy) a new house in the city, but ever since he moved in, he has had(have) trouble with cars and their owners. When he returns home at night, he always finds that someone has parked(park) a car outside his gate. Because of this, he has not been(not be) able to get his own car into his garage even once. Jasper has put(put) up 'No Parking' signs outside his gate, but these have not had(not have) any effect. Now he has put(put) an ugly stone head over the gate. It is one of the ugliest faces I have ever seen(see). I asked him what it was and he told me that it was Medusa, the Gorgon. jasper hopes that she will turn cars and their owners to stone. But none of them has been turned(turn) to stone yet!
五. Supply who, which, that or whose only where necessary.
1. The only games that I play are football and tennis.
2. He is the only student who understands English well.
3. He is a writer whose books are seldom read.
4. This is the hotel at which we are staying.
5. Is this the money that you lost
6. That is the horse which won the race.
7. He is the sort of person that everyone admires.