(共35张PPT)
Unit6 When was it invented
人教新目标版 九年级上
SectionA 2d
Grammar Focus-4c公开课
Learning objectives
1．掌握下列词汇：project，pleasure，zipper，
daily，have a point, bell，musical，instrument，
biscuit，fridge，low。
2．正确理解和使用被动语态的一般过去时结构，将主动语态与被动语态进行自由转换。理解并识别被动语态的特殊情况。
3．通过开展小组学习活动，培养协作意识。
Warming up
Zipper
Where can
you see it
jackets
dresses
trousers
shoes
skirts
luggage
bags
Lead-in
Paul is preparing for his school project.
Roy comes to help him.
Read the conversations between them and find out something about the zipper.
project n. 课题；项目
What is the subject for their school project
2. What kind of invention does Roy think of
3. Why does Roy think it is a great invention
4. Who and when was the zipper invented
5. When did the zipper become popular
Small inventions that changed the world.
The zipper.
Because it is often used in our daily lives.
Whitcomb Judson invented it in 1893.
Around 1917.
Read 2d carefully and answer.
2d
Listen again and repeat.
Paul: Hey Roy, the subject for my school project is “Small inventions that changed the world.” Can you help me think of an invention
Roy: My pleasure! Let me think… hmm… I know! The zipper!
Paul: The zipper Is it really such a great invention
Roy: Think about how often it’s used in our daily lives. You can see zippers on dresses, trousers, shoes, bags… almost everywhere!
My pleasure!乐意效劳！
如此伟大的一项发明
在我们的日常生活
Paul: Well, you do seem to have a point…
Roy: Of course! I thought about it because I saw a website last week. The pioneers of different inventions were listed there. For example, it mentioned that the zipper was invented by Whitcomb Judson in 1893. But at that time, it wasn’t used widely.
Paul: Really So when did it become popular
Roy: Around 1917.
有道理
不同发明的先驱者
1.——Can you help me think of an invention ——My pleasure!
pleasure n. 高兴, 愉快 with pleasure 高兴地
My pleasure也可说成It’s a / my pleasure.或 A pleasure，意思是“我的荣幸；愿为你效劳；这是件愉快的事”。
take pleasure in sth.\doing sth.很高兴做=It’s a pleasure to do sth.
Language points
【活学活用】1) 我会愉快地记着这次的会晤。
2）我非常高兴和你一起学习。
I will remember this meeting with pleasure.
I take great pleasure in studying with you.=It’s a great pleasure to study with you.
2.Well, you do seem to have a point…
嗯，看来你说的确实有道理……
助动词do放在动词seem前面主要用来加强语气，“的确，确实”在谓语动词前添加助动词do表示强调的用法常见于肯定句和祈使句中。
have a point指某人的说法或想法“有道理”。
【活学活用】1) 他昨天下午的确来这儿了。
2）也许你说的有道理，但问题是我们没有选择。
He did come here yesterday afternoon.
Perhaps you have a point there, but the problem is that we don’t have a choice.
3. For example, it mentioned that the zipper was invented by Whitcomb Judson in 1893.
mention表示“提到；提及”，是及物动词，其后接名词或代词作宾语时，无需用任何介词；另外注意不接双宾语。
若后接动词，要用动名词，mention doing sth. 提到做某事
口语中Don’t mention it. 主要用来回答感谢，意为“不客气”；
有时也用来回答道歉，意为“没关系”。
【活学活用】1) 他从未向我提及他有个女朋友。
2）我一提起踢足球，他就说太忙。
He never mentioned his girl friend to me.
Whenever I mention playing football, he says he’s too busy.
Do you know how small _________ changed the world That’s the subject for my ______ ______. I want to introduce the _______. It is ______ a great invention ______ it is often ______ in our ______ _______. Zippers can ______ ______ _____ dresses, ______ , shoes, bags, almost everywhere. I have seen on a ________ that the _________ of different inventions were ______. There it ________ that the zipper was invented _____ Whitcomb Judson in 1893. But it wasn’t used _________ at that time. In around 1917, it became ___________.
inventions
school project
zipper
such
that
used
daily lives
be seen on
trousers
website
pioneers
listed
mentioned
by
widely
popular
Fill in the blanks according to the conversation.
Consolidation
Role-play the conversation.
Paul: Hey Roy, ... Can ...
Roy: My pleasure! Let … hmm… I know! The ...!
Paul: The ... Is ...
Roy: Think about .... You can ...!
Paul: Well, you …
Roy: Of course! I thought .... The .... For example, .... But ....
Paul: Really So ...
Roy: ...
Roy
Paul
Role play
Complete the following sentences.
1. 拉链是什么时候被发明的？
______ ______ the zipper ________
2. 它于1893年被发明。
It ______ _________ in 1893.
3. 它是由谁发明的？
______ _____ it invented ______
4. 是由Whitcomb Judson发明的。
It ______ _________ _______ Whitcomb Judson.
was invented
When was invented
Who was by
was invented by
Practice
5. 茶叶什么时候被带到朝鲜的？
______ ______ tea _________ to Korea
6. 是在六到七世纪之间被带到朝鲜的。
It ______ ________ to Korea ________the 6th and 7th centuries.
7. 热冰淇淋勺用来做什么？
What _____ the hot ice-cream scoop ______ ______
8. 它用来盛很凉的冰淇淋。
It’s ______ ______ ________ really cold ice-cream.
When was brought
was brought during
is used for
used for serving
9. Alexander Graham Bell于1876年发明了电话机。
Alexander Graham Bell _________ the telephone in 1876.
10. 电话机在1876年被贝尔所发明。
The telephone _______ ________ _______ Alexander Graham Bell in 1876.
invented
was invented by
Active Voice
Passive Voice
一般过去时的被动语态
1.肯定句: 主语 + was/were + V-ed + (by…)
The news was published by the government.
2.否定句: 主语 + was/were + not + V-ed + (by…)
3.一般疑问句: Was/Were + 主语 + V-ed + (by…)
The news wasn’t published by the government.
Was the news published by the government
特殊疑问句: 疑问词 + was/were + 主语 + V-ed + (by…)
When was the news published by the government
一般过去时被动语态结构:“主语+ was /were +及物动词的过去分词(+by+动作的执行者).”常见几种句型结构：
一、一般过去时被动语态句子结构
用法 例句
不知道或没必要指出
动作的执行者
These books were written for children.
这些书是为儿童写的。
强调或突出动作的
承受者
The book was written by Mo Yan.
这本书是由莫言写的。
动作的执行者不是人
而是无生命的事物
Many traffic accidents were caused by
careless driving.
很多交通事故是由粗心驾驶造成的。
二、被动语态的用法：
Edison invented the light bulb.
The light bulb was invented by Edison.
主语 谓语动词主动语态(过去时) 宾语
主语 谓语动词被动语态(be+V-ed) 介词+宾语
◆ 主动语态变被动语态的方法
① 主动语态的主语变成by引导的介词短语放在主谓结构后面，有时可以省略。
② 主动语态的谓语动词变成“was/were+及物V-ed”形式。
③ 主动语态的宾语变成被动语态的主语。
三、主动语变被动语态方法及注意问题
Tips
特殊情况
含有短语的主动语态变被动语态
含有双宾语的主动语态变被动语态
感官动词和使役动词的被动语态
不能使用被动语态的动词
含有短语的主动语态变被动语态
1
My father fixed up the house.
The house was fixed up by my father.
The house was fixed by my father.
动词短语在变被动语态的时候，不能去掉构成短语动词的介词或副词；要当作一个整体
含有双宾语的主动语态变被动语态
2
Tom gave me a book yesterday.
I was given a book by Tom.
A book was given to me by Tom.
当指“人”的间接宾语变为主语，指“物”的直接宾语保留不变；如果把指“物”的直接宾语变为主语，则在间接语前加to或for
直接宾语做主语
间接宾语做主语
3
I saw a heavy man enter the house.
主动句中感官动词see / hear / watch / feel等和使役动词make / let / have等后跟省略to的动词不定式，变为被动语态时应加上不定式标志to。
感官动词和使役动词的被动语态
主动to出去；被动to回来
口诀：
一感二听三让四看
A heavy man was seen to enter the house.
4
系动词 (get/turn/become/seem/look/sound/smell/taste/feel+adj.)不及物动词或某些短语动词（happen, cost,
take place, run out, come true, fall asleep…）没有被动语态。
不能使用被动语态的动词
The book cost Laura twenty dollars.
What happened to Mr. Brown
This blouse belongs to Mary.
1. Someone stole my watch.
____________________________________________
2. They used five eggs to make this big cake.
___________________________________________
3. When did they invent the personal computer
___________________________________________
4. They asked us not to run in the hallway.
____________________________________________
5. Someone took the video back to the store.
_____________________________________________
My watch was stolen (by someone).
When was the personal computer invented (by them)
Five eggs were used to make this big cake (by them).
Rewrite these sentences using the passive voice.
The video was taken back to the store (by someone).
We were asked not to run in the hallway (by them).
1.They sold the fridge at a low price.
_______________________________________________________________
2. Somebody stole my camera from my hotel room. _______________________________________________________________
3. Where did you take these photos
_______________________________________________________________
4. Our parents advised us not to go out alone. _______________________________________________________________
5. Different writers translated the book into different languages.
_______________________________________________________________
The book was translated into different languages by different writers.
My camera was stolen from my hotel room (by somebody).
Where were these photos taken
We were advised by our parents not to go out alone.
The fridge was sold at a low price.
n.冰箱
pron.某人 n.重要人物
adj.低的；矮的
v.翻译
advice sb. not to do sth.建议某人不要做某事
Rewrite the sentences using the passive voice.
Our parents advised us not to go out alone．
我们的父母建议我们不要单独外出。
advise v. 劝告；建议
advise sb. about / on sth. 就某事向某人提出建议
advise sb. to do sth. 建议某人做某事
advise sb. not to do sth. 建议某人不要做某事
advise doing sth. 建议做某事
【语境应用】完成句子。
1) 我们可以就教育方面的事情向他们提出建议。
We can ________ _______ _________ education.
2) 他建议等到明天。
He ________ ________ until tomorrow.
advised waiting
advise them about/on
alone adj. 单独的；独自的 不能用于名词前，强调一人的客观状态，只陈述一个客观事实，在句中作表语。
adv. 单独；独自；孤单地 相当于by oneself，在句中作状语。
lonely adj. 孤单的；寂寞 可作表语也可作定语，强调心理状态和主观感受，突出感到孤独和寂寞。
alone, lonely
【语境应用】用alone或lonely完成句子。
1) My sister is _______ in the classroom now. She is finishing her painting.
2) Dale is shy and always feels _______ because he has few friends.
3) At heart, Mrs. Smith is a(n) _______ woman.
4) I don’t like going out _______ at night.
alone
alone
lonely
lonely
1. You ____________ to the party last night, weren’t you Why didn’t you go
2. The earthquake happened all of a sudden, but luckily the villagers _____________to a safe place.
3. The door ____________ when we arrived, so we _______ the bell.
4. The students _________ not to eat or drink in class, but Ruby _________ the rule when she started eating a biscuit in the science class.
5. The cookies ___________ by the hungry kids in less than 20 minutes, and they really _______ them.
eat like invite tell lock ring break bring
were invited
were brought
was locked
rang
were told
broke
were eaten
liked
v.锁上
n.地震
违反规则
n.饼干
n.曲奇饼
v.发出铃声；打电话
Complete the sentences with correct forms of the verbs in the box.
The telephone ____________ (invent) by Alexander Graham Bell. He ____________ (born) in 1847. Mr. Bell ____________ (work) on the invention of the telephone with Thomas Watson. In 1875, Mr. Bell ____________ (learn) how to send musical notes through an instrument similar to a telephone. Finally, the telephone ____________ (invent) in 1876. The first sentence that ____________ (say) on the telephone by Mr. Bell was “Mr. Watson, come here, I want to see you.” Today the telephone ____________ (use) around the world.
was invented
was born
worked
learned
was invented
was said
is used
adj.音乐的
n. 仪器
全世界；世界各地
all over the world
all parts of the world
be similar to与…相似
Decide whether active or passive forms should be used in these sentences. Write the correct forms in the blanks.
Top 10 “inventions” that changed the world
3. The Bar code (条形码)
4. TV Dinners (冷冻快餐)
5. PlayStation
(家庭电视机游戏)
1. GPS Technology
2. The Sony Walkman
8. Electronic Money
7. Text messages
9. Microwaves
10. Trainers
6. Social Networking
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