(共27张PPT)
Unit 5
What are the shirts made of
Section A (Grammar focus-4c)
情景式教学语法课公开课
人教新目标版 九年级(上册)
Learning objectives
1.学习本课新词汇：boss, Germany, surface, material, traffic, postman, cap, glove
2. 通过观看视频和图片，能够用被动语态的句子说出图片和视频的内容；通过观察Grammar Focus的句子，能够说出被动语态的用法，谓语动词的构成(主语 + am/is /are + 动词的过去分词），以及如何把主动语态变成被动语态的步骤。
3.通过控制性练习(4a)和自由练习(4b)，能将主动语态变为被动语态，在上下文中能正确使用一般现在时的被动语态，通过写作训练锻炼学生阅读和写作能力。
Learn the new words.Please read and repeat after the tape.
boss
n. 老板；上司
Germany
德国
surface
n. 表面；
表层
material
n. 材料；原料
traffic
n. 交通；路上行驶的车辆
postman
n. 邮递员
cap
n. (尤指有帽舌的)帽子
glove
n. 手套
Listen to a song and find out the active voice(主动语态) and passive voice(被动语态) used in the lyrics.
I sing the song.
The song is sung by me.
You play the song.
The song is played by you.
He plays the drums.
The drums are played by him.
She sings the song.
The song is sung by her.
It sings the song.
The song is sung by it.
We sing the song.
The song is sung by us.
You play the song.
The song is played by you.
They play the drums.
The drums are played by them.
active voice
(主动语态)
passive voice
(被动语态)
Fill in the blanks according to the pictures.
Do you like drinking tea
How is the tea produced
First, tea plants _________.
are grown
Next, tea leaves _______________.
are picked by hand
Then, tea leaves
_________________.
are sent for processing.
After that, tea _________.
is packed
Finally the tea _________many countries and places around China.
is sent to
Read the sentences and translate them.
Fill in the blanks according
to grammar focus.
Grammar Focus
1. 你的衬衫是棉的吗？____ your shirts _____ ____ cotton
2. 是的, 而且它们产于美国。Yes, they are. And they were ____ ___ the US.
3. 飞机模型是由什么制成？ ______ the model plane ______ of
4. 它是由旧木头和玻璃制成。It’s made of ____ _____ and _____.
5. 茶产自中国哪里？______ ___ tea _________ in China
6. 茶产自很多不同的地区。It’s produced in many _______ _____.
7. 茶是如何制成的？_____ is tea __________
8. 茶树种植在山坡上。当茶叶长成后, 它们被手工采摘下来，然后送去加工。
Tea plants ____ ______ on the sides of the mountains. When the leaves are ready, they ____ ______ by hand and then ____ _____ for processing.
9. 在杭州人们种植茶叶。
People _____ ____ in Hangzhou. Tea ___ ______ (by people) in Hangzhou.
made in
Are made of
What’s made
Where is produced
used wood glass
different areas
How produced
are grown
are picked
are sent
grow tea
are grown
Please summarize the structures (结构) of the passive voice.
被动语态谓语动词的构成
主语+be+ done(过去分词)+其他成分
其中be动词有人称、时态和数的变化
Please summarize the form
of the passive voice.
被动语态谓语动词的构成
主语+be+ done(过去分词)+其他成分
1. 一般现在时被动语态谓语动词：
主语+am\is\are+ done(过去分词)+其他
Lucy does the homework at night.
The homework is done by Lucy
at night.
2. 一般过去式被动语态谓语动词：
主语+was\ were+ done(过去分词)+其他
We cleaned our classroom just now.
Our classroom was cleaned by us
just now.
一般现在时被动语态的句型变化
1. 肯定句：主语+am\is\are + done+其他
A letter is written by Bruce every week.
2. 一般疑问句：Am\Is\Are+主语+ done (过去分词)+其他
Is our classroom cleaned every day
3. 特殊疑问句：疑问词+be+主语+
done (过去分词)+其他
Where is a sweet song sung by her
4. 否定句：主语+be +not+ done+其他
Rice is not grown in North China.
The tickets about hero are not sold out.
Do you know how to change the active voice into the passive voice
主动语态和被动语态的概念和转换
主动语态
被动语态
主动语态：主语People是动作grow 的执行者。
被动语态：主语Tea是动作grow 的承受着。
People grow tea in Hangzhou.
Tea is grown (by people) in Hangzhou.
主动语态
被动语态
主(执行者)
谓
宾(承受者)
主(承受者)
谓
by介词短语
主动句变为被动句所遵循的4个步骤：
1. 把原主动句中的宾语变为被动句的主语。
2. 把动词变为被动形式即
be+过去分词，
3. 原主动句的主语如需要则放在by后面以它的宾格形式出现(注代词的宾格，如不需要则可省略。
4. 其它的成分（定语、状语）不变。
Please change the active voice into
the passive voice.
Thomas Edison invented the electric bulb.
The electric bulb _____________ by Thomas Edison.
was invented
We clean the classroom every day.
The classroom _________ (by us) every day.
is cleaned
Mike do the homework in the evening.
The homework _______ (by Mike) in the evening.
is done
My mother sweeps the floor every day.
The floor _______ (by my mother) every day.
is swept
Lucy takes care of the cat .
The cat _______ care of (by Lucy) .
is taken
He plays football on Sunday.
Football _______ (by him) on Sunday .
is played
She waters flowers every day.
Flowers __________ (by her) every day .
are watered
He killed a hen yesterday.
A hen _________ (by him) yesterday .
was killed
Please change the active voice into
the passive voice.
Do you know how to change the active voice into the passive voice
主动语态变为被动语态的注意事项：
在主－谓－双宾结构(直接宾语(常指事物)和间接宾语(常指人))变为被动语态时 只将其中一个宾语变为被动句中的主语，另一个宾语不变，如：
He told her a long story.
间宾 直宾
She was told a long story.
A long story was told to her.
2)Mother bought me a new coat.
间宾 直宾
I was bought a new coat.
A new coat was bought for me.
We are told the truth by Jack.
练习：变被动语态
Jack tells us the truth.
The truth is told (to) us by Jack.
Do you know how to change the active voice into the passive voice
主动语态变为被动语态的注意事项：
2、“主－谓－宾－宾补”句型变为被动结构时，只将句中的宾语变
为被动句中的主语，宾补不变。如：
I found him lying on the floor.
宾 宾补
He was found lying on the floor.
We call her Rose.
宾 宾补
She is called Rose.
3、当主动句中有see/hear/feel/watch/notice/make/have sb. do sth. 变为
被动句时，do 前要加上to .如：
I often hear him sing. He is often heard to sing.
They made the boy go to bed early. The boy was made to go to bed early.
Watch a video and learn how to change the active voice into the passive voice
Do you know when to use the passive voice
被动语态的用法：
（1） 不知道谁是动作的执行者或没有必要知道谁是动作的执行者时。
These books are written for children.
I haven’t been told about it.
（2） 需要强调动作的承受着即宾语时。
Calculator can't be used in the math exam.
计算器不能用于数学考试。
The cup was broken by David.
The book is written by Mo Yan.
（3）作客观说明时，常采用一种被动语态结构。
It is\was said\believed\reported +that … …
Do you know when not to use the passive voice
动词的主动形式表示被动之意
1). 系动词无被动语态：以主动形式表示被动之意。常见的系动词有： be动词, look, seem, appear, feel, sound, smell, taste等 It smells terrible.
2).下列动词(词组)没有被动式： happen, take place, break out, belong to, cost, take An accident happened yesterday.
3). 不及物动词sell, wash, read, write, open, close, shut, lock, wear等，常用主动形式表示被动意义。
This book sells well. 这本书畅销。
The kind of cloth washes well. 这种布很容易洗。
4). 在英语口语中，有时可用“get+过去分词”构成被动语态。如：
I got dressed as quickly as l could. 我尽快穿上衣服。
这样结构比较常见的搭配有：get arrested, get caught, get dressed, get drowned, get drunk, get lost, get married等。
Read the story, and learn the structures of different tenses of the passive voice.
遥远的小岛上，住着一个倒霉蛋，它叫豆豆，那里的人有三件事要忙，吃饭，睡觉，打豆豆。你看，它总是被打，还不知道是谁打的。
Doudou is always beaten by someone.
昨天晚上，夜黑凤高，它又被打了。
Doudou was beaten yesterday evening.
Read the story, and learn the structures of different tenses of the passive voice.
明天，豆豆还会面临n顿暴打，可怜的豆豆啊。
Tomorrow, Doudou will be beaten
several times.
可怜的豆豆，已经被这样打了许多年。命运一直没有改变。
Poor Doudou has been beaten
for many years.
Read the story, and learn the structures of different tenses of the passive voice.
我们亲爱的豆豆现在在干嘛，不用问，一定是正在被打。
Our dear Doudou is being beaten now.
随时可能被打的豆豆啊，谁来救救它啊。
Poor Doudou may be beaten anytime.
Complete the sentences with the correct forms of the verbs in brackets.
4a
1. Children under 18 _____________ (not allow) to watch this show without their parents.
2. We ________ (pay) by the boss on the last Friday of each month.
3. A: What language ___________ (speak) in Germany
B: Most people speak German, but many can speak English, too.
4. Most of the earth’s surface ___________ (cover) by water.
5. The classroom _________ (clean) by the students every day.
aren’t allowed
are paid
is spoken
is covered
is cleaned
Rewrite the sentences using the passive voice.
4b
1. Farmers plant the tea on the sides of mountains.
___________________________________________
2. This shop uses the best materials to make dresses.
_____________________________________________
3. Careless driving causes many traffic accidents.
__________________________________________________
4. The postman brings letters and postcards to people’s home.
_________________________________________________
5. Our family does not use this silver plate very often.
__________________________________________________
The tea is planted on the sides of mountains by farmers.
The best materials are used by this shop to make dresses.
Many traffic accidents are caused by careless driving.
Letters and postcards are brought to people’s home by the postman.
This silver plate isn’t used very often by our family.
Ask and answer in pairs.
4c
n. (尤指有帽舌的) 帽子
n. (分手指的) 手套
Do the exercise.
根据汉语意思完成下列句子，每空一词。
1. 他的新手机是美国制造的。
His new mobile phone ____________ America.
2. 这台电视机是由日本制造的。
The TV set ___________ Japan.
3. 这些瓶子是塑料做的。
These bottles _____________plastic.
4. 面包是小麦做的。
The bread ______________ wheat.
5. 这种沙拉是用香蕉和苹果做的。
The salad _________ bananas and apples.
is made in
is made in
are made of
is made from
is made of
For today's homework.
请将下列句子变成被动语态。
1. We use computers to search information.
2. The teacher often repeats the story.
3. They don’t allow fishing here.
4. Bill looks after his cat carefully.
5. We don’t often speak English at home.
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Unit 5 Section A Grammar focus-4c 学案 (知识精讲+分层作业)
【重点短语】
1.the earth’s surface 地球表面
2.traffic accidents 交通事故
【重点语法】
一般现在时态的被动结构及用法
一、概念理解
1. 时态：在英语语言中，时态主要讨论行为动词发生的时间。
如：Heoften helps me with my English. 他经常帮助我学英语。（help这个动作经常发生often；故用一般现在时）英语中常用的时态有：一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时、现在进行时、过去进行时、现在完成时、过去完成时、过去将来时等等。
1. 语态：在英语语言中，语态主要讨论句子主语与行为动词的关系。语态有两种：主动语态和被动语态。
① 主语是动作的发出者(执行者)为主动语态。
如： Thetall boy often hits his classmates （主语boy是谓语动词hit的发出者）。
② 主语是动作的接受者（承受者）为被动语态。汉语中常用“被”、“给”、“由”、“受”等词用来表示被动，而英语用：助动词be + 及物动词的过去分词构成如： Chinese is spoken by the most people in the world（主语Chinese是谓语动词speak的接受者）。
3 语态与时态的关系：在任何一个英语句子中都同时存在语态时态，他们是分析一个英语句子的两个主要元素。
如： ① He is looking after his sister at home. （此句为现在进行时的主动语态结构）
② He isbeing looked after well by his parents. （此句为现在进行时的被动语态结构）
说明：我们以前所学的各种时态的结构其实都时主动语态的各种时态结构。
二、被动语态最基本的句型结构： be +及物动词过去分词
说明：①、be 有时态，人称和数的变化。
②、被动语态中的谓语动词必须是及物动词；因为被动句中的主语是动作的承受者，某些短语动词如look after, think of, take care of, workout, laugh at等，也可用于被动语态。
三、被动语态的使用
1. 当不知道或没有必要指出动作的执行者时，常用被动语态，这时往往不用by 短语。 “Mr. White, the cup with mixture wasbroken after class. ”(只是告诉老师杯子坏了，不知是谁弄坏的，或不想说出谁弄坏的)。
2. 突出或强调动作的承受者，如果需要说出动作的执行者，用by 短语。如：Thecup was broken by Paul.
3. 当汉语句子的主语既不是动作的执行者，也不是动作的承受者时，这时常用in + 名词作状语，而代替by 短语。
如：Thesecars were made in China.
四、主动语态变被动语态的变法：主动语态与被动语态之间如何转换
1.把主动语态的宾语变成被动语态的主语。
2.把主动语态的谓语变成被动语态的be + 过去分词，时态要与原句保持一致。
3.把主动语态的主语变为介词by 的宾语，放在被动语态里谓语动词之后，by 短语可以省略。如果原句主语是地点名词，在被动语态中用in + 地点名词作状语。
五、一般现在时的被动语态：am /is/ are +done
如： Tea isgrown in Hangzhou. 杭州种植茶叶。
【重点句型】
Most of the earth’s surface is covered by water.
地球表面的大部分面积被水覆盖。
be covered by…被…覆盖，这是被动结构，表示动作。上面句子变成主动语态为：
Water covers most of the earth’s surface.
比较：be covered with… …覆盖着…， 是系表结构，表示状态。
The plate is covered by a cloth.
The hill is covered with green trees.
单项选择
( )1. —China is getting stronger and stronger.
—Yes. So Chinese by more and more foreigners.
A. learn B. learned C. is learned
( )2.—Will you go to Lisa’s housewarming party next Sunday
—Well, if I , I will go on time.
A. invite B. will invite C. am invited
( )3. You lunch at school. So you don’t have to bring your own food.
A. give B. will give C. are given
( )4 Now waste from daily life in the city of Shanghai to be separated into four different groups.
A. is requiring B. is required C. was required
( )5. In Miss Lin’s class, many chances to students to learn from each other.
A. offer B. offered C. are offered
二、用所给单词的适当形式填空
6.Mary was born in a small town in (German).
7.The traffic (be) very busy. You should be careful when you cross the road.
8.One of the (boss) donated one million dollars in the show.
9. (postman) always wear green uniforms.
10. The classroom ___________(clean) by the students every day.
三、完成句子。
11. 这枚戒指是银制的。
The ring silver.
12. 不要在这里吸烟。公共场所不允许吸烟。
Don’t smoke here. Smoking in public places.
13. 老板每个月都会按时给我们酬劳。
We by the boss on time every month.
14. 每年这所学校的一些学生作为交换生被派往国外。
Some students in this school abroad as exchange students every year.
15.钟南山被认为是中国最好的医生之一。
Zhong Nanshan is one of the best doctors in China.
四、完形填空
Diana Armstrong,from the US, has broken the Guinness World Records for the world's longest nails(指甲).
She shared in an interview that she has no 16 to cut her nails. That is the last connection she has to her elder daughter who did her nails the night before she 17 unexpectedly in her sleep at the age of 16.
Diana said, “I have been growing my nails for 25 years. I had a hard time when my elder daughter left me forever.She is the only one who did my nails, 18 I couldn't cut them off after that.”
Diana's younger daughter, Raina, also talked about 19 she thought of her mother's nails. She said, “When she told us the back story was because of my sister, it 20 my mind toward it because, just as much as she missed my sister, I missed her too. So if that's her 21 of remembering her,then I can accept.”
The maintenance(保养)of the nails is quite hard. She 22 her children and grandchildren for help and even uses her feet when she can. But she has also gotten used to using her hands 23 breaking her nails.
Diana has not been able to live a completely normal life because she is 24 that people would judge(评价) her when they see her nails. However,the recognition(认可)from Guinness World Records has given her the 25 to share her story.
“These nails are always a part of me because of my elder daughter. I always keep her close to me this way."said Diana.
( )16.A. chances B. habits C. plans D. choices
( )17.A. fell B. moved C. appeared D. died
( )18.A. as B. so C. but D. if
( )19.A. why B. which C. what D. when
( )20.A. changed B. broke C.improved D. built
( )21.A. courage B. interest C. way D. suggestion
( )22.A. agrees on B. depends on C. thinks about D. worries about
( )23.A. against B. from C. about D. without
( )24.A.afraid B. tired C. proud D. surprised
( )25.A.experience B. confidence C. promise D. difference
五、阅读理解
Bongani Sindane, 30,grew up in an orphanage(孤儿院)，and at one point, as an adult, he became jobless. However, he didn't give up learning and achieved his dreams.
As a child, Sindane moved into an orphanage in Dennilton, South Africa. The conditions were very bad and the life there wasn't easy. Later,he was moved to the Middelburg Care Village, where he had a better experience. In these children's homes, the kids had study time, were fed,and learned how to be independent. And Sindane appreciated all of these.
After graduating (毕业) from a high school, he was given a chance to train as a cook. But after finishing the training, he couldn't find a proper job for himself. Luckily, he met a perfect stranger, Ma Vuyisile, who completely changed his life. She treated Sindane as her own son and encouraged him to continue his studies. Then Sindane studied nursing in university and went to Sweden as an exchange student(交换生)，where he did very well in his studies. Upon Sindane's return to South Africa, he worked for the Mpumalanga Department of Health and to thank Ma Vuyisile for her help,he built a new home for her.
Pain has been a teacher to Sindane.He said it pushed him to be the person that he is today. Through this force within him, he was able to build a home for Ma Vuyisile and tried to make a difference to the lives of others.
( )26.When Sindane stayed in an orphanage in Dennilton,he____.
lived a hard life B. lost his parents C.made many friends D. had a good time
( )27.What does the underlined word“appreciated”mean in Chinese
回想 B. 理解 C. 感激 D.建议
( )28.Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage
Sindane did well in his studies while studying abroad.
Ma Vuyisile helped Sindane build a home for his family.
Ma Vuyisile was Sindane's teacher who taught him nursing.
D. Sindane worked as a cookafter graduating from a high school.
( )29.Paragraph 2 and 3 are mainly developed by_____.
showing the timeline B. comparing two facts
C. raising questions D. listing numbers
( )30.What does the story of Sindane tell us
It's never too old to learn. B.Failure is the mother of success.
C. Nothing is impossible to a willing heart. D. A good beginning makes a good ending.
六、阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。
The Museum of Art Pudong ( MAP)opened to the public on July 8, 2021. It welcomed more 31 100,000 visitors in its first month. Why was it so popular
The building itself is art. It is the work of French architect(建筑师) Jean Nouvel. From the front, the museum looks 32 rectangular(长方形的) glass. It has thirteen exhibition halls. The main hall 33 (run) up to the fourth floor. This allows visitors 34 (enjoy) the same work from different floors.
The museum also has two special glass halls. One side of the hall has big 35 (screen). They tell visitors what artworks are on display(展示).The other side is glass. From there visitors can see the Bund(外滩). They can also walk along a bridge from the 36 (two) floor to a sidewalk(人行道) along the Huangpu River.
“I'm playing a game,"Nouvel said about this bridge. It's a game with the river and the space around the museum.“I hope the building can go 37 (good) with its environment,"he said.
People, of course, go to the MAP to see artworks. In the first month, there 38 (be) three different exhibitions.In the future. many other artists and artworks 39 (come) to the MAP. Just imagine seeing artworks from all over the world without even leaving Shanghai. 40 wonderful!
________ 32._______ 33.__________ 34._________ 35.__________
36.________ 37._______ 38.__________ 39. _________ 40._________
Unit 5 Section A Grammar focus-4c 学案 (知识精讲+分层作业)参考答案
一、单项选择
1-5CCCBC
二、用所给单词的适当形式填空
6.Germany 7.is 8.bosses 9.Postmen 10. is cleaned
三、完成句子
11.is made of 12.isn’t allowed 13.are paid 14.are sent 15.considered as
完形填空
16-20CDBCA 21-25CBDAB
阅读理解
26-30 ACAAC
六、阅读填词
31.than 32.like 33. runs 34.to enjoy 35.screens 36.second 37.well 38.were 39.will come 40.How
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